Device to control position of blades with adjustable angle of setting

FIELD: mechanical engineering; turbomachines.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device to control position of blades with adjustable angle of setting in turbomachine has tie-rod, mating devices, locking devices and means for holding said tie-rod on said root of blade for combined turning without play. Mating devices forming hinge joint between first end part of tie-rod and rotary ring are provided with pin passing through first through hole made in first end part of tie-rod and getting into radial socket in rotary ring. Said pin is held in position by locking with ports to pass pins and installed for displacement on rotary ring. Locking devices used to hold second end part of tie-rod on root of adjustable blade are provided with locking screw passing through second through hole made in second end part of tie-rod and getting into groove in root of adjustable blade.

EFFECT: facilitated mounting of device, provision of easy demounting of tie-rods and increased their reliability.

10 cl, 9 dwg

The technical field to which the invention relates.

The present invention relates to the regulation of the position of the blades with adjustable angle. The invention is particularly applicable in the field of Aeronautics to control the angular position of the guide inlet guide vanes of a compressor of a turbomachine such as a turbojet or turboprop aircraft engines.

The level of technology

Known devices for adjusting the position of the rotary blades (blades with adjustable angle) in turbomachines usually contain body adjustment (control) in the form of a rotary ring which covers the housing of the turbomachine, and a few levers or rods. The first end portion of each traction connected with the rotary ring by using the hinge device and the second end part of the thrust is connected with the rotatable shank of the respective blades.

Simultaneous change of the angular position of the blades is effected by turning the ring around the axis of the turbomachine. To ensure to follow the turning movement of the ring connection of each rod with ring has at least one degree of freedom of rotation around the axis directed essentially radially with respect to the ring. However, due to the fact that the link is rigidly attached to the shank of the respective blades, the turn of a ring other causes relative displacement between the ring and part of the thrust, mounted on the shank of the blade. To adapt to these shifts, or at least some of them, you know the connection between the thrust ring and in the form of a ball joint or similar device. Such a device allows along with rotation around an axis located essentially radially relative to the ring, the rotation around the axis passing in a direction essentially tangential to the circumference of the ring. Was offered this version of this communication, which creates an additional degree of freedom of movement essentially in the radial direction relative to the ring. In this regard, in particular, can be links to patent documents of France No. And-2608678 and 2746141.

The use of mechanical hinge means type ball joints or similar devices in the device to adjust the position of the set of blades or simultaneous adjustment of several sets of blades necessitates a very large number of parts, which is associated with high costs. In addition, such swivel joints wear out, which changes their functional characteristics.

In one embodiment, the execution was proposed to compensate for these additional motions or at least their part by elastic Defoe the thrust bearing. Such solutions are proposed, in particular, in U.S. patent No. 4367264 and 4979874.

According to these decisions, the possibility of elastic deformation is created by performing the deadlift more subtle in its Central part between the end parts connected with the rotary ring and the shank of the blade. In this case, on the one hand, it is necessary to provide sufficient flexibility traction that it does not interfere with the transmission of motion between the rotary ring and the shoulder blades. On the other hand, it is necessary to maintain sufficient thickness of thrust to ensure its fatigue strength and to eliminate any risk of buckling. The optimal solution is a compromise between these two conflicting requirements, and find it is not so easy.

The invention

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to eliminate the disadvantages of known devices and in creating a regulatory device using a flexible rod, which has a very high resistance to mechanical fatigue caused by repeated cycles of operation, as well as a very high resistance to longitudinal bending and at the same time has the flexibility deadlift easily deformed by twisting throughout the range of rotation of the rotary ring. The next challenge, which is aimed invented the e, is a device that allows you to simplify its installation, and also enables fast and simple individual dismantled rods. Another challenge is the creation of devices with extremely low hysteresis in connection blades with a thrust.

In accordance with the invention the solution of this problem is achieved by a device of this type, containing rod, connecting means forming a hinged connection between the first end part of the rod and the rotary ring, and means fixing the second end portion of the thrust on the shank of the adjustable blades. According to the invention the connecting means include a finger passing through the first through hole made in the first end portion of the thrust, and included in a radial slot in the swivel ring. The finger is held in its position retaining ring supplied with Windows for the passage of the fingers and set with possible offset on the specified swivel ring. Fixation means include locking screw passing through the second through hole made in the second end portion of the thrust, and is included in the groove of the shank of the adjustable blades. The device further comprises means for holding a specified thrust on the specified shank blades with the possibility of joint rotation is ez relative displacements, free play or backlash.

Thanks to this special design, on the one hand, easier Assembly/disassembly of the device by one character node slewing ring with rods (obtained thanks to the presence of the retaining ring and, on the other hand, is particularly easy, individual replacement rods without disassembly of the rotary ring. In addition, the automatic selection of clearance or backlash in the connection of the blades with a thrust avoids or at least significantly reduce the total hysteresis.

According to a preferred embodiment, these funds hold without backlash contain radial groove made in the shank of the blade. The width of the groove is less than the specified width of the second end portion of the thrust, which is the specified groove. To do this, pull in the best case scenario is bent around its longitudinal axis.

According to another example embodiment of the invention the means holding without backlash contain at least one tenon, made in the specified shank blades and designed to interact with the tabs formed by performing a cut in the second end portion of thrust. This surrounding paws neckline is preferably on both sides of the Central longitudinal axis of the rod and on both sides of the prices the Federal, essentially rectangular areas, designed to ensure centering of the clamping screw.

According to specific features of the invention specified thrust at the level of its second end portion includes a portion of greater width than the first end part, in which she gradually changes.

Specially for compensation of a free motion or play between the thrust and rotary ring specified radial slot constrained liner, reinforced in the first hole pull. To hold traction, is pressed against the shank of the blade, there is emphasis placed between the said second end part of the rod and the specified fixing screw.

In the optimal example of executing the specified thrust is a layered structure containing a thin hard layers are formed by metal sheets, alternating with layers of elastomer, with layers of tightly connected to each other.

The presence of the layered structure gives traction particularly advantageous properties. Due to the small thickness of metal layers interconnected layers of elastomer, the thrust is easily deformed by bending and twisting. In addition, the deformation resistance is not exposed to significant change over the entire range of operation of the rotary ring. Thus, adjustment of the angular position of the rotary blades ensures the more simply and accurately. In addition, despite its small thickness, the metal layers form together with layers of elastomer complex, which has a very high resistance to fatigue and bending.

In the preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention, aimed at facilitating mounting/dismantling of the rod specified the rotary ring and the retaining ring are made each in two parts, and each part covers a 180° circumference are measured.

List of drawings

The embodiments of the present invention, non-limiting, will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, on which:

figure 1 depicts in sectional view in enlarged scale of the adjusting device in the first example, run

figure 2 depicts the device in section along the line II-II in figure 1,

figure 3 depicts the device in section along the line III-III in figure 1,

figure 4 depicts the adjusting device of figure 1 in perspective

figure 5 depicts the flexible rod used in the device adjustment,

6 depicts a view in perspective of successive stages in the Assembly of the adjusting device of figure 1,

7 depicts in sectional view in enlarged scale of the adjusting device in the second example, run

Fig depicts a view in perspective of the adjusting device according to Fig.7,

Fig.9 depicts the flexible rod, use the Yu in the adjusting device.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention

Figure 1-3 shows a view in section, and figure 4 is a view in perspective of a portion of a turbomachine, turbojet or turboprop aircraft engine or other terrestrial or marine power generator equipped with guide vanes, which are distributed around the axis of the turbomachine and is located at the inlet of the compressor. In part this part shows a blade 10 with adjustable angle.

Each blade 10 is provided with a shank 12 with the axis 14. The shank 12 is installed to rotate in the bearing formed by the bushings 16A, 16b mounted in the Cabinet parts 18 are measured (in forming a rim outer annular ledge or in the case of a rectifying apparatus).

The angular position of each rotary blade is set flexible shaft 20 (see figure 5), which preferably has a flexible composite structure, such as a layered structure formed of thin metal layers, alternating with layers of elastomer, which are linked together. Metal layers are formed of sheet metal with a thickness preferably less than 0.5 mm, cut into thin strips or foil. The metal may be steel, stainless steel or other metal suitable for rods of this assignment. Elastomeric SL is and can be formed from natural rubber, chloroprene, butadiene, nitrile, epichlorohydrin, silicone and other materials selected in accordance with the desired mechanical characteristics and environmental conditions.

At its first end portion 20A of the rod 20 has a first hole 22 designed to receive connecting means formed by the finger 24 with the axis 26 within the radial slot 28 of the rotary ring 30. In the optimal example of executing the slot 28 is limited by the liner 32 (of two parts, namely the sleeve 32A and the ring 32b), which is set in the first through hole 22 thrust 20 and is designed, on the one hand, to compensate for the gap between the thrust and the rotary ring and, on the other hand, to create a sufficient length of centering for the perception of effort on the part of the finger 24. The finger is held in its position by means of a snap ring 34, which is mounted for displacement on the rotary ring and provided with Windows 36, made in accordance with the size of the finger 24 (or his head).

At its second opposite end portion 20b rod 20 has a second hole 38 designed to receive fixation devices formed locking screw 40, which is included in the dead of the screw groove 42 of the shank 12 of the scapula. Hard thrust connection 20 with the shank 12 without backlash and with the possibility of joint rotation of the end portion 2b of thrust with the shank 12 provided with its landing in the radial groove 44, width less than the width of thrust. The groove 44 is made in the shank 12 with the formation of the supporting pad 44a and two flat radial flanges 44b, C for positioning the thrust of 20 (figure 2 and 4). Between the end part 20b thrust 20 and the locking screw 40 is installed forming a stop washer 46.

The rotary ring 30 has an axis of rotation coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the turbomachine. The ring 30 is made with a through radial Windows 48, the number of which corresponds to the number of blades and the width exceeds the width of the rod. Preferably the rotary ring 30 is made of two parts (two half-rings), each of which covers 180° the circumference of the turbomachine. These parts are connected (fixed) by means of a connecting element (not shown). The rotation is provided in a known manner by one or more actuators (not shown). The rotation of the rotary ring allows you to change the angular position of the blades 10 through the rod 20. In the same way, the retaining ring 34 is formed of two parts that overlap at 180° circumference. Of course, depending on the design of turbomachine is also possible embodiment of a single device, covering 360° circumference.

6 illustrates a process of mounting/Dismounting of the blades. The installation is carried out mainly in two stages.

The first stage of implementation is taken separately in a production environment, that is one of the important advantages of the invention. This stage is individual adjustment rod 20 on the rotary ring 30 and fixing the locking ring 34. To do this, for each rod in the first hole 22 of thrust fix the liner 32 (to fix the ring 32b on the sleeve 32A may use different production techniques). Then rod Assembly is slid in the window 48 of the rotary ring 30. Further, the finger 24 is inserted through the window 36 in the stop ring 34 and is fixed to the end portion 20A of traction by simply entering this finger in the liner 32. After all rods can only rotate the retaining ring 34 by a distance equal to the half pitch between the blades. When all the fingers 24 are automatically locked in rigid connection with the rotary ring 30 with the formation of a candy bar. After that, the two halves of the rolling retainer rings are interconnected, for example, by an appropriate connecting element (not shown).

The second stage is already in place and is mounting a whole candy bar on the shank 12 of the blade 10. To this end part 20b each thrust is placed separately on a support pad 44a of the shank and fixed by the fixing screw 40 with the installation between the thrust washer 46. The clip thrust washer 46 locking screw 40 allows derivation force of the compression layers of the layered structure and to avoid undesirable stratification at the level of the inner wall of the second hole 38. Install finger 24 on the other end part of the thrust has the same effect on the level of the inner wall of the first hole 22.

It should be noted another important advantage of the invention. For automatic sampling of backlash between the shank of the blade and thrust to eliminate the possibility of relative displacement and reduction of the hysteresis characteristic of these compounds due to tolerances in the manufacture, rod 20 in its flat condition has a width slightly larger than the width of the groove 44 between its straight sides 44b, C. To facilitate installation of the rod 20 in the manufacturing process is made slightly curved around the longitudinal axis) of the arrow "F" of deflection, as shown in figure 2. Of course, the option of making flat traction with its subsequent slight compression during installation.

Disassembly or dismantling produce the exact reverse. Another important advantage of the described construction is the possibility of individual dismantling each thrust. It is enough to withdraw it means 40, 46 commit, then combine window 36 on the stop ring 34 with the fingers 24 (of course, after the liberation of the ring), remove the finger 24 to be replaced draught 20 and remove this thrust through the window 48 in the rotary ring 30. After this, a new rod can be installed, operating in the reverse order.

7-9 shows vtoro the exemplary embodiment of the invention, in which rod also has a layered structure, but a different geometry. In this version, the second end portion 20b thrust intended for connection to the shank 12 blades made wider in comparison with the first end part 20A and gradually narrows towards her. In addition, the second hole 38 is made is not round, but in the form of shaped neckline and is intended, on the one hand, for centering, and, on the other hand, to serve as the guide rod with the shank of the blade. This shaped neckline has a symmetrical configuration relative to the longitudinal axis of the rod and has a Central zone 50 is essentially rectangular in shape. On both sides of the longitudinal axis of the thrust neckline forms the legs 52a, 52b, C, 52d, designed to clamp to the elastic deformation to the studs 54A, 54b, protruding from the top of the shank 12 of the scapula. The Central zone 50 is designed for centering of the clamping screw 40, the axis of which is inscribed in the rectangle of the Central zone. When installing the fixing screw 40 with the thrust washer 46 of the legs 52a, 52b, C, 52d thrust 20 elastically compresses spikes 54A, 54b, providing direction and automatic selection of the clearances between the thrust and the shank of the blade.

7 in the form shown in the cross section fixing the second end portion 20b thrust before installing the fixing screw 40 and after installation. The elements of the device, analogichnye elements in the first exemplary embodiment, marked the same positions. The drawing shows a deforming impact thorn 54b on foot C, 52d thrust 20, which provides a thrust connection with the shank of the blade without backlash and relative game.

Fig illustrates a view in perspective three different stages of the connection of the blade with the rotary ring. Here you can see the spikes protruding from the upper part of the shank of the blade and arranged in the radial direction. Assembly/disassembly of the entire set of rods or individually separate thrust is performed in the same manner as described with reference to the previous example implementation.

As already indicated, the use of flexible composite structure, such as a layered structure, is particularly advantageous, as it gives the opportunity to combine the flexibility and mechanical strength over the entire range of operation. A particularly interesting advantage is that the deformation resistance of the curl is not exposed to significant change in this range that provides precise adjustment of the angular installation of the blades.

1. Device for adjusting the position of the blades with adjustable installation angle in the turbomachine containing rod (20), connecting means (24, 32), forming a hinged connection between the first end part (20A) of thrust and rotary ring (30), and means (40, 46) fixate the second end portion (20b) pull on the shank (12) adjustable blades (10), characterized in that the said connecting means include a finger (24)passing through the first through hole (22)made in the specified first end portion of the thrust, and is included in the radial slot (28) in that the rotary ring, and the specified finger is held in its position retaining ring (34)with Windows (36) for the passage of the fingers and set with possible offset on the specified swivel ring, these fixation means include locking screw (40)passing through the second through hole (38)made in the specified second end portion of the thrust and part of the groove (42) of a specified shank adjustable blades, the device further comprises means (44, 52, 54) for holding the specified thrust on the specified shank blades with the possibility of joint rotation without backlash.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the said means of retention without backlash contain radial groove (44)made in the specified shank of the blade, and the width of the specified groove is less than the specified width of the second end portion of the thrust, which is the specified groove.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the link is made curved around its longitudinal axis.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that these means derivan who I am without backlash contain, at least one spike (54A, 54b), completed within the specified shank blades and designed to interact with the tabs (52a, 52b, C, 52d)formed by performing a cut in the specified second end portion of the thrust.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the cutout surrounding these paws are made on both sides of the Central longitudinal axis of the rod and on either side of the Central essentially rectangular zone (50), designed to ensure centering of the specified fixing screw.

6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the traction on the level of its second end portion (20b) contains a portion of greater width than the first end portion (20A), in which she gradually changes.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial slot constrained liner (32A, 32b), fortified specified in the first hole of the thrust.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the said fixation means also include a stop (46), placed between the said second end part of the rod and the specified fixing screw and designed to hold traction (20), is pressed against the shank (12) of the scapula.

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the thrust is a layered structure containing a thin hard layers formed metal Fox is AMI, alternating with layers of elastomer, with layers of tightly connected to each other.

10. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the said rotary ring and the retaining ring are made each in two parts, and each part covers a 180° circumference are measured.