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Thread cutting tools strengthening method with use of electric spark alloying

IPC classes for russian patent Thread cutting tools strengthening method with use of electric spark alloying (RU 2264895):

C23C26 - Coating not provided for in groups ; C23C0002000000-C23C0024000000

B23H9 - Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects (heat treatment by cathodic discharge C21D0001380000)

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FIELD: electric spark treatment processes and equipment, possibly for making cutting tools in different branches of machine engineering.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises steps of applying wear resistant coating onto cutting surface of tool with use of electric spark alloying process; placing tool in special fitting such as master-templates and radiators made of high temperature-conducting materials; applying coating on the whole length of front cutting surface in the form of stripe with width H = (2.0 - 2.5)h from line of thread profile apexes (h - height of thread profile) and with thickness of layer 35 - 70 micrometers while providing increased heat sink from apexes of threaded cutting profiles. Special fitting is made of copper.

EFFECT: lowered material and energy consumption for making tools, increased useful life period of thread cutting tools.

2 cl, 7 dwg, 1 ex

The invention relates to the field of metal cutting and can be used in engineering and other metal-working enterprises.

There is a method of hardening tools for threading taps and dies, drawing on the front and rear cutting surface of the take-up reel and calibrating parts coatings of titanium nitride (TiN) by the method of ion-plasma spraying equipment of the type "Bulat" (see the book Vereshchaka A.S., Tretyakov I.P. Cutting tools with wear-resistant coatings. M.: Mashinostroenie, 1986, 192 C.). However, according to experiments a small coating thickness of 0.5 to 0.3 μm does not provide a significant increase in the durability of the threading tool to its sharpening, which does not exceed 25% of the time tools without hardening. However, the duration of hardening in complex and expensive equipment in vacuum is 60-90 minutes with a significant amount of electricity.

Closest to the proposed method of hardening threading tool to the technical essence is the process of electric-spark alloying (ESA) only the rear of the cutting surface of the lead-in part of the taps (see "Technological instructions of the pilot plant of the Institute of applied physics Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian Soviet socialist Republic: Electrospark alloying NAFA 25276.00004 T: Chisinau, 1991, 18 C.). Uproc the giving of taps is carried out after the sharpening tool. Data about the possibility of hardening of the threading dies are missing. The disadvantages of this method of hardening are restrictions on peening only the ends of the tool, increasing the roughness of the hardened areas in the rear of the cutting surface to Ra=1.6 μm and prizhogi" vertices of the cutting profile under the influence of high temperature gradient at ESA, which leads to the reduction of the material strength, fragility on the tops of the cutting profile and do not provide heat removal from the tops of the cutting profile. Improving the durability of the instruments does not exceed 10% in comparison with the use of hardened tools.

The present invention is to develop a technical solution that would provide a significant increase in service life threading tools while reducing material and energy costs.

The problem is solved in that the wear-resistant coating according to the invention caused the spark doping over the entire length of the front cutting surface in the form of a strip of width H=(2.0 to 2.5)h from the line of the top of the screw profile, where h is the height of the screw profile, while providing increased heat dissipation from the tops of the screw cutting profiles in a special snap-in: master templates and radiators made of vysokotemperaturnom the water materials (for example, copper, aluminum and others).

The advantage of the proposed solution is that the application of wear-resistant coatings in the form of stripes on the front cutting surface 2-3 times reduces the coverage area, and therefore, the processing time; the thickness of the coating layer in the range 35-70 μm provides good adhesion of the coating to the substrate, forms a continuous layer of the coating and minimal residual internal stress. The width of the strip formed by coating N=(2.0 to 2.5)h was determined experimentally and corresponds to the length of contact of the descending chip from the front surface of the threading tools. The increase in bandwidth covering more offer not enhancing the service life of tools.

The proposed solution is illustrated by the drawings, in which figure 1 is a perspective view of a tap, the front cutting surface which is coated with the coating; figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the cutting portion of the tap; figure 3 - proposed master template from vysokotemperaturnogo material; figure 4 - master-template installed into the tap when performing alloying process; figure 5 is a General view of the die with reinforced front cutting surface; 6 - radiator of vysokotemperaturnogo material; 7 - die set it by the sink when the process of doping. Positions in Phi is .1, 2, 5 mean: 1 - the front cutting face of the tool with a wear resistant coating, 2 - window for the chips.

The process of applying a wear resistant coating method spark alloying on the front cutting surface is performed after the final sharpening tools and install the tap in the master template with fixing screws for the plate - installation of radiator fixing its position pin with a slight taper through the window for the chips. The coating thickness of 35-70 μm are used comente electrodes with a diameter of 2-3 mm of tungsten-chromium alloys, and alloys WC, T15K6 and installation for electric-spark alloying models he-05, Elitron-22 and other. Subsequent additional processing after coating is not required.

A specific example of the method.

After sharpening threading tools of steel R6M5 or R18 for threading M16×1,5 is the process of hardening. Tap is installed in the master template and fixed by the screw; a die mounted radiator and fixed with a pin through the window for the chips (see figure 4 and 7). Through the cut out section of the master template (taps) and through the window for the chips and the groove of the heat sink (to die) was applied wear-resistant coating compact electrode of t is ejogo alloy T15K6 thickness of 50 μm spark doping installation Elitron-22 in modes 2 and 3 when current I=1.0 a, the pulse repetition frequency f=200 Hz, the time of alloying t=1 cm²/min 4 mm in width from the top of the screw profile across the front cutting surface.

Strengthened by this technology taps with the stated ratio formed by coating when tested in production conditions mechanical plant OJSC far East NIITS, Khabarovsk improve the durability of the work between prestaciones 3 times.

1. The method of hardening tools for threading, including the application of wear-resistant coatings on its cutting surface spark doping, characterized in that the tool for threading set in a special snap - master-templates and radiators made of vysokoteploprovodnyh materials, and the coating is applied to the entire length of the front cutting surface in the form of a strip of width H=(2.0 to 2.5)h from the line of the tops of the screw profile, where h is the height of the thread profile, and the thickness of the layer of 35-70 μm while providing increased heat dissipation from the tops of the screw cutting profiles.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the special tooling is made from copper.