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Power distribution system and method Invention is related to a power distribution system and method. The system (10) contains a lot of generating systems (12, 14, 16, 18), at that each generating system (12, 14, 16, 18) contains an alternating current generator (20, 22, 24, 26) coupled directly to the rectifier (28, 30, 32, 34). The alternating current generator (20, 22, 24, 26) with slewing capacity is coupled to the energy source (13, 15, 17, 19). During operation of the energy source (13, 15, 17, 19) the alternating current generator (20, 22, 24, 26) generates an output signal (38, 40, 42, 44) desynchronised in regard to the variety of other generating systems (12, 14, 16, 18) and having a variable velocity. The rectifier (28, 30, 32, 34) coupled directly to the generator (20, 22, 24, 26) is adapted to convert an output signal (38, 40, 42, 44) of the alternating current generator (20, 22, 24, 26) into direct current output signal (46, 48, 50, 52). The direct current distribution bus (36) is connected to direct-current outputs (46, 48, 50, 52) of each rectifier (28, 30, 32, 34). The system (10) contains also a variety of inverters (56, 58, 60, 62) adapted to receive power from the bus (36). The output signal of each inverter (56, 58, 60, 62) is adapted to activate an alternating current motor (64, 66, 68, 70). |
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Method and system of wireless control of switching devices in power supply network In the method and system of wireless control of switching devices each power converter comprises semiconductor devices of higher capacity. Control signals are sent between a controller and a wireless unit of one or more of the specified multitude of power converters with application of the wireless communication system. Control signals are sent to a local wireless unit of one or more multiple power converters. Data transmission includes data packages containing such control information that the time module of the local wireless unit may be synchronised with usage of the time synchronising information of the wireless communication system. Other aspects of this invention include a system applying the specified method and software for realisation of this method. |
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Method to control parallel operation of two gas turbine power plants Application: in automated control systems (ACS) of gas turbine auxiliary power plants (GTAPP) of compressor stations of manifold pipelines and small enterprises. In the first GTAPP the specified active power is corrected by an integral from mismatch between actual capacities of GTAPP, in the second GTAPP only in the autonomous grid the specified active power is corrected only by an integral from deviation of a grid frequency from the rated one, thus corrected specified capacities are multiplied by a ratio of frequency droop and are added, accordingly, the first one - to a setpoint of a frequency controller of the first GTAPP, and the second one - to a setpoint of a frequency controller of the second GTAPP. |
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Method to control one or several power generator plants Load capacity is measured, capacity of power generators is measured, the difference of specified capacities is defined, the produced value is used to generate a signal of capacity control as a control action to change the capacity of power generator plants, control is carried out in the mode of operation in parallel with the external grid, or in the mode of operation as isolated from the grid, in the mode of operation in parallel with the grid when generating a signal of capacity control, a signal of request for disconnection of one or more loads is used, using which values of capacities of disconnected loads are subtracted from the previously determined difference, in case of equality of the grid capacity and the total capacity of disconnected loads, a control signal is generated for disconnection of requested loads, and if the capacity value from the grid is reduced below the specified value, connection of ballast resistances is carried out with subsequent smooth reduction of ballast capacity. When operating as isolated from the grid, a signal of request for loads connection is used, added capacity is determined as the value of capacities of connected loads, and a signal is generated for smooth connection of ballast resistances with the speed of not more than the specified value, in case of equality of capacities on ballast resistances and added power, ballast resistances are disconnected, and requested loads are connected. |
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Switching method of gas turbine electric power plant with free turbine to independent load According to the proposed method, command for switching of a high-voltage generator switch is supplied first to the rotation speed control system of the turbocompressor, thus changing it over to acceleration mode; at the same time, control of rotation speed of free turbine is deactivated, and when frequency of free turbine increases up to 105% of the nominal, the acceleration mode of turbocompressor is deactivated; the command is supplied to the high-voltage switch drive; then, control of rotation speed of free turbine is recovered through the specified time delay that is sufficient for actuation of its drive. |
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Method to control gas turbine engine with free turbine for power plants of low and medium capacity Used in automatic control systems (ACS) of gas turbine engines (GTE) with a free turbine, applied within gas turbine units (GTU) to drive power generators (PG) of gas turbine power plants (GTPP). When controlling a gas turbine engine with a free turbine for power plants of low and medium capacity, fuel flow into a combustion chamber is changed depending on mismatch between specified and measured values of free turbine shaft rotation frequency. Additionally, in case of disconnection of a power plant from a grid of unlimited capacity, the specified value of free turbine rotation frequency produced when picking up load in the grid of unlimited capacity is reset down to the rated value. |
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In a control method, based on conversion of instantaneous values of voltage at a common load and output currents of sources from a three-phase abc-system of coordinates into a double-phase dq-system of coordinates, the first and second differential signals are generated by subtraction of accordingly d- and q-components of currents from only two sources, the first and second signals of comparison are generated for d- and q-components of a control signal, stabilising parameters of voltage of direct sequence on the common load and current-distributing loads of direct sequence between sources, in differential signals the final number of harmonic components is identified with maximum amplification ratio, generation of d- and q-components of a control signal is carried out by subtraction of the sum of identified harmonic components accordingly from the first and second differential signals from the first and second signals of comparison, amplitude and phase of modulating signals are generated by reverse conversion of d- and q-components of the control signal from a double-phase dq-system of coordinates into a three-phase abc-system of coordinates. |
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Method to control static stabilised sources of ac voltage operating in parallel for common load Instantaneous value of common voltage is measured, as well as instantaneous values of output currents of sources, they are converted from a three-phase abc-system of coordinates into a rotary double-phase dq-system of coordinates, reference signals are generated for d- and q-components of common voltage, signals proportional to d- and q-components of common voltage, signals proportional to d- and q-components of currents of sources, the first and second differential signals, the first and second signals of comparison by means of integration of appropriate first and second differential signals, d- and q-components of a control signal are generated, modulating signals are generated by reverse conversion into a three-phase abc-system of coordinates, one of parallel operating sources is selected as master, and other ones - as slave, besides, the first and second differential signals of a master source are generated by subtraction of signals, proportional to d- and q-components of common voltage, from reference signals, for master sources the first and second differential signals are generated by subtraction of a signal proportional to d- and q-components of its current from a signal proportional to d- and q-components of the master source current, and the specified d- and q-components of control signals are generated by summation of signals of comparison and signals proportional to d- and q-components of currents of sources. |
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Invention relates to power engineering and may be used in power controller 1 design to control aircraft hydride power source. Power controller 1 allows measuring power demand of consuming hardware 2. Said device 1 allows determining first operating characteristic of first power source 3 and second operating characteristic of second power source 4. First power source 1 and second power source 4 serves to generate first and second required portions of necessary demand. |
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In a control method instantaneous voltage values on a common load and output currents of sources are converted from a three-phase abc - system of coordinates into a double-phase dq-system of coordinates, control signals are generated to stabilise parameters of voltage of direct sequence on the common load and to distribute load current of direct sequence between sources. Control signals are converted from the double-phase dq - system of coordinates into the three-phase abc - system of coordinates, zero sequences of source currents are defined. For each source difference signals of zero sequence currents of only two sources are generated, a final number of harmonic components is extracted from them with a higher amplification ratio, modulating signals are generated in accordance with the invention formula. |
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Method to control static stabilised dc voltage sources operating in parallel into common load Invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in organising electric power generation systems or uninterrupted power supply systems with sources connected in parallel into common load. Proposed method comprises measuring instantaneous voltages at common load and source instantaneous currents, obtained magnitudes being transformed from three-phase abc-system of coordinates into two-phase dq-system of coordinates, and generating reference voltage signals for d- and q-components of total voltage. Extra voltage signals are generated in proportion to d- and q-components of total voltage. Difference voltage signals are generating by subtracting appropriate extra voltage signals from reference voltage signals. Voltage comparison signals are generated by integrating voltage signals and voltage control signals are generated by summing voltage comparison signals with those proportional to voltage difference signals. Reference signals are generated for every source operated in parallel, proportional to appropriate voltage control signals. Extra signals are generated in proportion to d- and q-components of source current, as well as difference signals, comparison signals, signal of control over summation of comparison signals. Also generated are signals proportional to difference signals and signals proportional to d- and q-components of source current. Now modulating signals in abc-coordinate system are generated. |
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Method to control static stabilised dc voltage sources operating in parallel into common load Invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in organising electric power generation systems or uninterrupted power supply systems with sources connected in parallel into common load. Proposed method comprises generating voltage setting signal and measuring voltage at common load and output current of every source, generating negative voltage feedback signal and extra voltage signal by integrating negative voltage feedback signal. It includes also generating voltage control signal at common load by summing negative voltage feedback signal and extra voltage signal, generating load current portion setting signal for every source at common load in proportion to common load voltage control signal, proportionality coefficient being equal to source rated current-to-load rated current ratio, generating negative current feedback signal and extra current signal by integrating negative current feedback signal, and generating control signal for every source by summing three components, i.e. extra current signal, negative current feedback signal and that proportional to current of the given source. |
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Method to control static stabilised ac voltage sources operated in parallel to common load Invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in constructing electric power generation or uninterrupted power supply systems. Proposed method comprises amplitude comparison signal is shaped by integration of the difference between amplitude reference signal and that of total signal corresponding to difference between current reactive components. Note that aforesaid difference voltages of active and reactive current components are formed as the difference between appropriate current components of only two sources, namely the difference between current components of the given and the other source, or the difference between current components of the other sources. Note here also that every difference in forming appropriate total signals is used only one time. |
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Plant for parallel operation of converters Plant for parallel operation of converters relates to electric engineering. The plant includes at least two stabilising converters of direct current. The power part output of each stabilising converter is coupled with output buses through disconnecting diodes. In addition, each stabilising converter contains output voltage stabilisation circuit consisting of output voltage sensor. The output voltage sensor output is coupled with one of the inputs of output voltage differential amplifier with its output being connected with control input of pulse width modulator. The latter is linked with control input of stabilising converter power part via amplifying and disconnecting assembly. The output current stabilising circuit containing output current sensor in stabilising converter is coupled with differential amplifier input with its one lead and with the power part of converter with the other lead. Besides output current differential amplifier output is coupled with the first input of comparison device. The second input of comparison device is linked with voltage setting adjustment unit, while its output connects the second input of the output voltage differential amplifier. The output current sensors in stabilizing converters are interconnected by their inputs and coupled with output buses. Besides catching diode is introduced into the plant, which is connected between differential amplifier inputs of output current stabilisation and diodes cathodes are joint. |
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Device for uniform distribution of reactive power Present invention relates to electrical engineering. The proposed device is provided with voltage source regulators, with the same number of input terminals for each regulator. The device contains the same number of groups of coils of first and second differential inductive current sensors, as well as the same number of parallel operation transformers, as there are input terminals at each regulator. Each of the coils in any group of coils of the first and second differential sensors is inductively coupled with one of those load current conducting wires of the above mentioned voltage sources, which are connected between similar terminals of these sources and one of the common buses, to which is connected the load. The coils of the first and second differential inductive current sensors, inductively coupled with the load current conducting wires of any of the sources, form a set of coils for all groups, and each parallel operation transformer is connected to coils of only one group and has the same number of turns on all windings. Mutual inductance of all coils of the first and second differential inductive current sensors with load current conducting wires has values inversely proportional to nominal current of voltage sources. Terminals of the primary windings of the parallel operation transformers are connected to leads of the coils of the first differential inductive current sensors, related to the driving voltage source, and secondary windings of any parallel operation transformer are connected between input terminals of voltage source regulators and the beginning of those coils of second differential inductive current sensors, which are inductively coupled with current conducting wires of these sources. The ends of these coils are connected to output terminals of these voltage sources, to which are connected the said current conducting wires. Also there are is the same number of extra sets of coils of differential inductive current sensors, as there are parallel connected voltage sources. Each one of them is provided with one set of coils of first differential inductive current sensors and one set of coils of second differential current sensors, as well as a switch, closing contacts of which are connected in parallel to terminals of the primary windings of parallel operation transformers. All input terminals of voltage regulators of all driven and driving sources are connected to corresponding output terminals of sources through the given circuits, containing secondary windings of parallel operation transformers and coils of second differential inductive current sensors. |
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Device for distribution of reactive load between generators operating in parallel Invention refers to the sphere of electrical engineering and is to be utilised for control over parallel operation of, for example, shipboard generators with quasistatic external characteristic. The invention concept consists in the device being designed as additionally equipped with a shared bus and circuit-opening block contacts of line contactors with the extreme generator selection unit equipped with two resistors, a reference-voltage source, amplifier substractors, decoupling diodes and circuit-opening block contacts (numbering as many as the generators), as well as signal conditioners and isolation diodes (numbering twice as many as the generators). The resistors are connected via the shared bus to the negative outputs of the reactive load sensors with the other resistor ends connected to the cathodes of respectively the first and the second trios of isolation diodes whose anodes are accordingly connected via the signal conditioners to the positive outputs of the reactive load sensors (first trio) and the amplifier substractor outputs (second trio). The amplifier substractor inputs are bridged with the circuit-opening block contacts of line contactors with the inverting input additionally reversely connected via the decoupling diodes to the positive terminals of the load sensors output and the non-inverting inputs connected to each other and to the plus output of the reference-voltage source, the latter's minus output connected to the shared bus and the common points of the amplifier substractors. The signal conditioner outputs are connected to the inputs of the relevant AND gates. |
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Device for voltage control and loads alignment in parallel operating generators Invention relates to electrical engineering and may be used for automatic control of generators operating in parallel with loads alignment between them. The essence of the invention is that the additional relay element provides control signal correction. In addition the generator output of linearly variable voltage is connected with relay control signal correction input. The outputs and the first and third, second and fourth AND-element are coupled respectively with the inputs of the first and second key elements. |
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Reactive power uniform distribution apparatus Apparatus is designed for uniform distribution of reactive power between connected for parallel operation voltage sources having voltage regulators of those voltage sources with the same number of inlet terminals of each voltage regulator. Apparatus includes several groups of windings of differentiating induction measuring transducers (one for each voltage source); number of said groups is equal to number of inlet terminals of each voltage regulator. Each winding of any group is coupled inductively with one of load-current conductors of said power sources that are connected to inlet terminals of voltage regulators of said sources. Load current conductors which are inductively coupled with windings of the same group are connected between similar-polarity terminals of said voltage sources and one of common buses connected with load. Apparatus includes in addition (one for each group of windings) parallel-operation transformers. Each transformer is connected with windings only of one group and it has the same turn number in all windings. Primary windings of said transformers are connected to windings related to first (driving) power source having voltage regulator whose inlet terminals are connected to outlet terminals of said source. Each secondary winding of any transformer is connected between inlet terminal of voltage regulator of other (driven) voltage source and back end terminal of winding inductively coupled with current conductor of said source. Lead end terminal of said winding is connected to such outlet terminal of voltage source that is connected with said current conductor. Voltage sources with different nominal currents are used with windings whose mutual inductance with load electric current conductors have voltages inversely proportional to nominal currents of voltage sources. |
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Method for control of static stabilized ac voltage sources operating in parallel to common load Instantaneous values of voltage at a common load and currents of sources are measured, active and reactive components of the powers of the sources are measured, standard voltages of the amplitude and phase of the control signal are formed, additional signals of the amplitude and phase of the control signal are formed, signals of comparison of the amplitude and phase are formed by integration of the difference of the respective standard signals and additional signals, in proportion to the respective signals of comparison the amplitude and the phase of control signal, standard voltages of the amplitude and phase of one of parallel operating sources are formed, responsible for stabilization of the parameters of the common voltage, formed constant and corresponding to the rated values of the voltage parameters, the additional signals of this source are formed respectively in proportion to the amplitude and phase of the common voltage, and for each of the rest parallel-operating sources the standard voltages, amplitudes and phases are formed in proportion respectively to the active and reactive components of the source power responsible for stabilization of the parameters of the common voltage, with a coefficient of proportionality equal to the ratio of the rated full powers of each source and the source stabilizing the voltage parameters, and the additional signals of the amplitude and phase of the rest sources are formed equal-respectively to the active and reactive components of their power. |
Another patent 2513218.