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Method of arrangement of foundation slab on piles for low-temperature product tank Method of arrangement of the low-temperature product tank foundation in weak permafrost soil supported by the pile field cooled by additional freezing of the permafrost soil massif differs in that an additional freezing of the permafrost soil massif with piles is performed by depth thermoelements using the method of forced adjustable supply of coolant with pre-set temperature into them from the external source of its cooling through girdled distributive lines, and for freezing of the soil base under the slab during storage of the product its own negative temperature is used. After certain time interval when the range of frost penetration in the soil base from the low-temperature product in the tank achieves the design temperatures, the additional forced freezing by the deep thermoelements is stopped partially or completely. |
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Method to install underground vertical cylindrical reservoirs Method to install underground vertical cylindrical reservoirs consisting in digging a pit for a reservoir, installation of a foundation, installation of the reservoir into the foundation and its fixation to the foundation, testing of the mounted reservoir and filling of the space between the reservoir and the pit. Travelling forms are installed on the bottom of the pit on top of the reservoir, and the forms are made in the form of a cylinder without a base with a diameter defined in accordance with the expression d=d + 0.4m, where d - diameter of forms, d - reservoir diameter, m, with elements for gripping and moving of the forms in the upper part. Filling is carried out by layerwise filling of the space between the forms and the reservoir with sand, and between the forms and the pit - with soil with subsequent ramming of each layer. Then repeated filling of the forms is carried out with sand, and the pit is filled with soil, after moving of the forms upwards along the reservoir until full filling of the pit and withdrawal of the forms. |
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Structure to hold liquids of large volumes on heterogeneous base Structure for storage of liquids of large volumes on a heterogeneous base comprises a support foundation slab and a reservoir installed on it. The support foundation slab is made with an inclined foot, having alternating thickness with the thickening difference b=0÷1h in the area of the suggested tilt, where the h is the rated thickness of the support slab. The reservoir is installed with displacement of its centre, relative to the centre of the support foundation slab by the value a=0.1÷0.4(D2-D3) towards the side opposite to the direction of the suggested tilt, where D3 - reservoir diameter, D2 - diameter of the support foundation slab. |
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Base for linear group of reservoirs Base for a linear group of closely located reservoirs comprises a pit, a gravel-sand or a crushed stone cushion with layerwise compaction. The gravel-sand cushion is made in the form of a solid strip under a group of closely located reservoirs, in amount of at least two and has width equal to (0.3-0.8)D, and length for extreme reservoirs equal to (0.5-0.9)D, where D - reservoir diametre. Side slopes of the pit are made with an inclination α=15°-70°, where α - angle of inclination of a side face of the pit relative to the horizon. |
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Base for closely located reservoirs Base for closely located reservoirs comprises a pit, a gravel-sand or a crushed stone cushion with layerwise compaction. The gravel-sand or crushed stone cushion is made in the form of a solid strip under a group of closely arranged reservoirs and has width under the central reservoir equal to (0.4-1.2)D, and under the extreme reservoirs - to (0.3-0.8)D. Length for extreme reservoirs makes (0.5-0.9)D, where D - diameter of a reservoir, at the same time cushion thickness under the central reservoir makes 1.1-2.5 of the cushion thickness under extreme reservoirs. Side slopes of the pit are made with an inclination α=15°-70°, where α - angle of inclination of a side face of the pit relative to the horizon. |
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Method to prepare base of cylindrical reservoirs on compressible soils Method to prepare a base of cylindrical reservoirs on compressible soils includes digging a pit. Inside the pit has an additional pit, which is arranged by soil compaction, then it is serially filled with layers of soils with further compaction of each of them. |
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Reservoir foundation on weak base Reservoir foundation on a weak base includes a round support slab arranged on a soil cushion, made in the form of a truncated cone and arranged in a cone-shaped groove of the base. The support slab is made with thickness that increases to the centre and bevelled edges at the angle of 30-60° relative to the horizontal line, additionally it includes a foundation ring installed as capable of contacting its inner surface with bevelled faces of the support slab. |
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Base of a cylindrical reservoir consists of a layerwise compacted soil cushion reinforced with layers of geogrid/geotextile with rigid circular elements for their tensioning. The reinforced soil cushion comprises the upper part of permanent structural thickness and the lower part that has thickness that increases from the origin of the generatrix passing from the bottom of the reservoir wall at the angle of 28° to the horizontal line for sand soil and 40° for crushed stone, to the thickness of 3-6 m, which depends on base compressibility. |
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Method to erect reservoir foundation Method to erect reservoir foundation includes digging a pit, compaction of soil with rammers, arrangement of a soil cushion. The pit is dug by increasing depth in the central part, the first layer of the soil cushion is arranged and rammed. Then the first fragment of the foundation ring is installed, then the second layer of the soil cushion is laid with subsequent ramming, and a support slab is installed with thickness that increases to the centre and bevelled edges at the angle of 30-60° relative to the horizontal line. The second fragment of the foundation ring is installed so that the inner surface of the ring contacts the bevelled faces of the support slab, and further a hydrophobic layer is laid with thickness that is regulated by technical requirements, and the reservoir is installed. |
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Method to erect foundations of new reservoirs in place of dismantled reservoirs Method to erect foundations of new reservoirs in place of dismantled reservoirs includes digging a pit, arrangement of a soil cushion and construction of a foundation of shallow location. The pit of different depth is dug under a dismantled reservoir, besides, it is 1.3-2.6 times less than in the previous undeveloped part. Then the base soil is compacted between areas of dismantled reservoirs location, and the soil cushion is arranged. |
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Methods for erection of foundation and bottom of large reservoir and their design Method for erection of foundation and bottom of large reservoir consists in determination of specific cohesion - c, angle φ of internal friction, µ0 - Poisson coefficient, Eo - module of overall deformation, y - volume weight of ground foundation under conditions of elastic compressible and still safe "first critical" pressure under bottom of reservoir, afterwards the foundation is deepened and compacted by formation of spherical, horizontal cylindrical or horizontal cylindrical, completing semispherical support surfaces with radius of circumference of spherical or width of cylindrical groove, in which reservoir is installed with bottom of according convex shape. |
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Cylindrical storage tank for oil products Storage tank installed on the foundation includes cone bottom, wall of the housing and receiving-and-delivering devices, system of pipelines for pumping-in/pumping-out of oil products to the storage tank and out of it. Foundation is piled and has high foundation frame; the distance between foundation frame and ground level is more than diametre of pipelines for pumping-in/pumping-out of oil products to the storage tank and out of it; foundation frame is provided with through holes with diametre which is smaller than the foundation frame thickness; receiving-and-delivering device is arranged inside foundation frame, and system of pipelines for pumping-in/pumping-out of oil products to the storage tank and out of it is located in the gap between foundation frame and ground level so that gaps between pipelines and foundation frame from above and ground level from below are maintained. |
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Construction method of reservoir foundation base Construction method of reservoir foundation base involves uniform location of vertical piles in large and small circles. First, a trench is excavated, piles are lowered to the depth equal to where d - circle diametre, n - number of circles of arrangement of piles, N - circle No., starting from the central one and a blanket is made for foundation and bottom of reservoir; at that, distance between circles of pile arrangement is equal, and distance between piles is equal to diametre of the pile itself. |
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Elasto-yielding support for high-volume thermally loaded items comprises two support plates, between which there are the following serially installed components - cylindrical race with a set of plate springs, diaphragm and anti-friction material. One of support plates has the possibility to adjust its height. Working stroke of plate springs set is calibrated in units of force in compliance with their rigidity. |
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Invention concerns construction, particularly construction of steel vertical tanks for oil product storage on soft and highly compressible ground. Oil product storage tank is mounted on basement. Tank is made in the form of hollow tapered cone or tapered pyramid with top and bottom covered by caps, with longitudinal and transverse webbing inside. Tank is attached with its top to base plate by ties. The base plate is made in the form of half-circle reinforced concrete segments interconnected by welding laid on ground bedding covered with concrete layer, and a pile is rammed into hole of each base plate segment. |
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Tank base comprises round support slab bearing upon ground bed and supports. The supports are distributed along outermost support slab perimeter and are made as conical ground piles having side surfaces defined by generators inclined at angle equal to natural ground slope of the pile. The supports are grouped in two rows along slab perimeter. Two rows of flat slabs are laid on ground pile. The slabs are welded with each other and grouted in top parts thereof. |
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Foundation for vertical steel tank to be built in seismic zone Foundation comprises upper bearing platform, lower bearing platform and connection members arranged in-between. Upper platform has diameter less than that of lower platform. Upper platform comprises conical upper surface. Moving connection members are made as horizontal and vertical compensators. Lower bearing platform is made as a box with flat bottom and vertical side walls. Apex of upper bearing platform cone faces upwards. Horizontal compensators are arranged between outer perimeter of upper platform and walls of lower platform box. Vertical compensators are located between upper and lower bearing platforms. Number of vertical compensators per each unit area decreases from platform perimeter to center. |
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Reservoir foundation comprises bearing panel laid on ground bed. The bearing panel has flat annular conical part having thickness increasing towards panel center and central conical part. Spring means are arranged between the annular conical part and central one. Spring means touch reinforced concrete ring. Central conical part is made as a cone facing upwards and composed of several members pivotally connected with each other in tops thereof and resting upon reinforced concrete ring. The members are connected with each other by flexible inserts. |
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Foundation for reservoir to be built in seismic zone Foundation includes mattress panel, which connects vertical and inclined piles. Vertical piles are uniformly distributed along large circle at mattress edge and along minor circle defined by mattress center. Inclined piles are grouped in pairs and arranged in vertical plane one above another. Each pair of inclined piles extending from mattress edge is connected with each vertical pile of minor circle in lower part thereof. Each pair of inclined piles extending from mattress center is connected with vertical pile of large circle in lower part thereof. |
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Hazardous product storage reservoir foundation Foundation comprises earth-fill pad, water-tight layer arranged below the pad, drainage system consisted of a number of pipelines arranged in earth-fill pad body. Trench filled with interchangeable filtering material is dug out along foundation perimeter. Watertight layer is inclined under the earth-fill pad and has upper end of hollow square shape so that the hollow square is inclined towards straight channel adapted to accumulate rain water and located in lower pad part. The straight channel is communicated with drainage vessel. Well with controlled gate is formed in front of the drainage vessel. Drainage system pipelines are formed of perforated pipelines communicated one with another and arranged along a circle and inside it. |
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Method involves preparing building site and ground base; mounting reservoir and performing hydraulic tests thereof. Reservoir mounting is performed in several stages. At the first stage reservoir is built without stationary metal bottom, has projected edges and is provided with temporary flexible bottom air-tightly pressed against projected edges with the use of pneumatic system. After that preliminary hydraulic tests are performed by filling reservoir with water. At the second stage temporary flexible bottom is demounted after complete ground base compaction, deformed ground base is smoothed up to reaching design mark by filling the formed cavity with filling material. Then waterproofing material is applied to smoothed base, permanent metal bottom is formed and the ready vessel is subjected to final hydraulic tests. |
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Foundation includes ring-shaped foundation member located under reservoir walls and base formed as a row of piles driven in ground and connected by ring-shaped end cross having cuts. Reservoir bottom center includes plate with levers located in ring-shaped end cross cuts and connected to ring-shaped foundation member by rods. |
Another patent 2550828.