Detachable surface coating. RU patent 2509849.

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: set for floor installation comprises two elements: a detachable surface coating and a fastening substrate based on PVC and containing at least 60 wt % of plasticiser.

EFFECT: higher stability of coating shape and simplification of its assembly and disassembly.

16 cl, 8 dwg

Subject matter

[0001] the Invention relates to removable surface coatings, in particular to removable flooring, and is aimed at solution of problems associated with the laying of such surfaces.

The level of technology

[0002] In the interior and exterior finishing of buildings or dwellings often use surface, and in particular, floor coverings, which are more attractive and convenient compared with coated or painted surface. These coatings are usually made from synthetic materials, wood and textiles. Most wide application is found with laminated floor coatings made of synthetic materials containing lower so-called support layer, and the top, the so-called working layer, which has high resistance to mechanical and chemical stresses in normal conditions of operation of such coatings.

[0003] In the process of laying the flooring, as a rule, use a strong adhesive, which pre-coat subject to the coating surface. Thanks to this it is possible to achieve high stability of the coating on the surface. However, such coverage is very difficult to remove if necessary, replace it. Besides, after removing the cover on a given surface is normally left many traces of glue and/or the coating, which then you have to delete or mechanically (by sections), or by chemical etching, and then align and surface cleaning, so that you can start laying the new coating. With this technology, styling, in case of re-installation or replacing surface coatings, as a rule, you cannot avoid the damage or even the complete destruction of its individual elements.

[0004] Famous decision, according to which the proposed not to implement the "final" gluing removable floor covering to be coated surfaces, and use strips bilateral adhesive tape or universal clamp. However, the implementation of such technical solutions requires a large amount of time and is not recommended in cases when there are laying of two or several canvases, as tightness in the joint place is unsatisfactory. In addition, as traditional adhesives, bilateral self-adhesive tape and universal clips destroyed with time under the influence of moisture and the resulting periodic cleanings coverage.

[0005] in order to refuse the use of adhesive tape or glue it was suggested otherwise known as the "floating floor", providing use, as a rule, wooden tiles or strips, which are fastened to each other by using a mechanical clamping tools, clamps or adhesive. Such coatings have high resistance to wear and tear over time and allow to leave on a surface traces of glue. However, the lack of "floating floor" is that after the installation it is a monolithic floor, and there is no possibility replace one or more of its constituent elements.

[0006] For solving the task of laying a removable floor covering with the possibility of re-use without damaging the substrate, it was suggested that the decision related to the use of magnetized particles, revealed in documents US 3341996 and FR 2350445. In the second of the mentioned documents, it is proposed to put on the decorated surface or the surface of the coating of the magnetized mastic, and on the surface, which would come into contact with this the decorated surface or coating surface, - special binder with filler made of iron powder. In the document of the US 3341996 described the floor with a substrate containing magnetic fillers, which imposed a decorative layer, also includes the magnetic fillers. However, when using such coatings have encounter some difficulties, one of which consists in insufficient mutual sustainability tiles in all planes, resulting in intensive walking on the floor is offset plates, strips or paintings of this coverage relative to each other.

[0007] it is also Known solution, disclosed in the document US 7194843 under which provided a substrate that has on its upper side hooks type of fishing, while lower side of decorative coatings have a small plastic loops. When relevant parties of these layers are pressed together, the hooks cling loops, making two layers are held in contact with each other like samassassin sticky "Velcro" (Velcro software. The more pressing force, the better grip hooks eyelets. Arising from this elasticity is a serious drawback, since heavy objects, such as pieces of furniture can be left on the floor clear traces that are impossible to remove. In addition, efforts should be made to withdraw the decorative part of the coverage, it is often so considerable that may lead to the lifting or separation of the lower layer. Finally, after multiple packings and withdrawals decorative parts hooks and/or loops stretch or break, which over time leads to lower quality of coupling.

[0008] it Should also be borne in mind that the common drawback of all the above surface coatings is that they are not only extremely expensive in manufacturing, but also require the use of special production technology.

Tasks inventions

[0009] the Present invention offers a new technical solution for finishing surfaces, in particular, floors without drawbacks associated with known solutions.

[0010] the Task of the invention consists in the development budget and removable flooring, providing the possibility of easy installation.

[0011] In particular, the present invention is offered surface coating, decorative part of which are removable and can be replaced by the user without destruction or damage of this decorative pieces and/or surface covered in this part.

[0012] Another object of the invention consists in development of surface coating, decorative part of which has the shape stability, despite the fact that is removable.

Disclosure of the invention

[0013] For the solution of the tasks set forth a set to finish the floor, consisting of two elements: removable surface coatings and mounting surface, with the specified mounting pad has a composition based on PVC and contains at least 60% wt. plasticizer.

[0014] In accordance with the specific variant of the invention, the proposed surface treatment can to have one of the following signs, or any combination of the following characteristics:

- mounting pad is designed for installation on a subject to floor floor, as specified removable surface coating is designed for installation on the specified mounting substrate;

- plasticizer selected from the group, including: phthalates, adipate, trimellitate, organophosphates, citrates, vegetable oil and esters polyols derived starch, or is a mix of the specified substances;

- plasticizer selected from the group comprising diisobutyrate, desogestrel, diisononylphthalate, or is a mix of the specified substances;

- fixing liner contains additives and/or fiberglass layer;

- thickness mounting substrate is at least 0.25 mm;

- removable surface coating is made on the basis of polymeric resins, rubber, wood, textiles, glass, metal or ceramics;

- removable surface coating made of a material based on PVC, or on the basis of wood-fiber material medium density, or wood-fiber material of high density;

- removable surface coating is a multi-product of polymeric resins having a support layer which is made of foam, condensed or textile, and working layer;

- removable surface coverage contain barrier layer placed between the base layer and working layer;

- removable surface treatment contains protective varnish on the basis of polyurethane, stitched under the action of ultraviolet radiation;

- on the surface of the removable surface coatings in contact with the mounting surface, caused to improve the adhesion of the coating on the basis of PVC containing at least 60% wt. plasticizer.

[0015] the Object of the present invention is also fastening of removable decorative surface treatment, in accordance with which use the mounting surface, with a composition on the basis of PVC containing at least 60% wt. plasticizer.

[0016] In accordance with the specific variants of the invention, the proposed method is characterized by one of the following signs, or any combination of these characteristics:

- fixing the substrate is placed on the floor before laying on the specified mounting removable decorative substrate surface coatings;

- fixing the substrate is covered subject to floor floor continuous layer;

- on the surface of the removable decorative surface coatings in contact with the mounting substrate put increasing the adhesion of the coating on the basis of PVC containing at least 60% wt. plasticizer.

Brief description of drawings

[0025] Surface treatment and, in particular, floor covering, not only have special mechanical properties, having mechanical strength, hardness and wear resistance, but also easy to use, possess flexibility, good sound and heat insulation.

[0026] Offer a range of 1 to finish the floor not only has the advantages of a traditional flooring, but also provides the possibility of replacement and re-use of the floor covering.

[0027] Set 1 to finish the floor includes two distinct features: removable surface treatment 2 and fixing the substrate 3. Mounting pad has a composition on the basis of much of plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and has an adhesive effect. This substrate can be soft or to some extent a jelly-like consistency. It is preferable that it contains at least 60% wt. plasticizer.

[0028] according To the first variant of the invention, shown in figure 1-3, fixing the substrate 3 stack on the floor 4, then it should be covered with removable decorative surface treatment 2.

[0029] In accordance with the second option exercise, shown in figure 4 mounting substrate 3 stack on the floor 4, and then brought into contact with increasing adhesion coating 5, available on the lower surface (back surface) removable decorative surface treatment 2.

[0030] regardless of the specific options for implementation, removable decorative surface treatment 2 kept in its place by an adhesive effect, provide much plasticized mounting substrate 3.

[0031] to constant fastening be laid on floor floor mounting substrate 3 to the floor, using any appropriate the tool, or to provide temporary her mount, achieved by mounting the steps of the substrate. The substrate can be laid on the floor in a solid, and in the form of intermittent layer.

[0032] Mounting pad 3 is part of the highly plasticized PVC. It contains at least, 60% wt., and preferably at least 66% wt., plasticizer or mixture of plasticizers.

[0033] Preferably, plasticizer was selected from the family of phthalates, adipates, trimellitate, citrates, organophosphates, vegetable oils and natural polyols, or esters, derived starch, such as complex fluids isosorbide.

[0034] as a plasticizer preferable to use diisobutyrate DEBT (DIBF), desogestrel of DELL (DIHF) or diisononylphthalate DINP (DINP), or a mixture of these compounds. You can also apply ehpoksidirovaniya soybean oil or castor oil.

[0035] Mounting pad 3, as a rule, is a composition based on PVC containing at least 60% wt. plasticizer. However, it can also have some structural rigidity, which through the application of fillers, in particular, reinforcing fillers, for example, of calcium carbonate, kaolin or talc, or fiberglass layer 10, as shown in Fig.6, or compacted layer 11 on the basis of PVC, as shown in Fig.7. In these cases, as shown in Fig, the composition of the highly plasticized PVC put either on one or both sides of the glass-fiber layer 10 or compacted layer 11. In accordance with one of the variants of implementation, the mounting pad includes a compacted layer 11 on the basis of PVC that impose fiberglass layer, and on the latter is, in turn, is a composition on the basis of much of plasticized PVC.

[0036] as increasing the adhesion of the coating 5 you can use any appropriate floor. It is preferable to use a composition on the basis of highly-soft PVC containing at least 60% wt. plasticizer or mixture of plasticizers. As a plasticizer preferable to use diisobutyrate DEBT (DIBF), desogestrel of DELL (DIHP), diisononylphthalate DINP (DINP), or a mixture of these compounds. You can also apply ehpoksidirovaniya soybean oil or castor oil.

[0037] Increase the stickiness floor 5 can be applied to removable decorative surface treatment 2 in whatever way is appropriate in the form of continuous and intermittent coverage. Preferably, this coating it was previously applied to the appropriate substrate or directly to removable surface treatment 2 in liquid form, and then subjected to the gel formation under the action of heat, for example, by heating in a furnace at a temperature of 150 to 200 C, preferable to 180 C, for about two minutes. When working with removable surface treatment 2 in the form of panels on the basis of wood fibres, which increases the stickiness floor 5 put on by the anti cushioning) paper, after which it is placed on removable surface treatment 2 using any suitable glue, for example, acrylic or hot-melt on the basis of ethylene vinyl acetate EVA (EVA).

[0038] it is Preferable to increase the stickiness floor 5 formed a layer thickness of at least 0.25 mm, preferably from 0,25 to 0,5 mm

[0039] regardless of the specific options for implementation, offer removable surface treatment 2 can be any suitable for this purpose surface coating element of any desired shape, any color and any material.

[0040] Removable surface treatment 2 can be made on the basis of polymeric resins, rubber, wood, textiles, glass, metal or ceramic. For surface coating can be used, for example, laminates, wood-fiber panels of high density DITIT (HDF) or fibreboard panels average density dpsp (MDF), containing decorative melamine paper (with picture imitating wood or other drawing) and a paper substrate. You can also use this surface treatment as linoleum. According to another version, you can use the multi-product from polymer resin, with support layer 5, which can be expanded, contracted or textile, and working layer 6, made of polymeric resin, which can, if necessary, to cover with a layer of a protective varnish 8, as shown in figure 2, on the basis of polyurethane, stitched under the action ultraviolet radiation.

[0041] In particular, removable surface treatment 2 may present a multi-product on the basis of PVC, with support layer 6 and/or working layer 7 based on PVC, and a layer of a protective varnish 8 on the basis of polyurethane. It is advisable that support layer 6 and/or working layer 7 removable surface coatings 2 included fiberglass layer or fillers, preferably mineral providing this layer of special mechanical properties. As mineral fillers can be used, for example, calcium carbonate, kaolin or talc.

[0042] in Addition, removable surface treatment 2 may include the barrier layer, which will prevent the rise of plasticizers from the mounting substrate 3 towards the top removable surface coatings 2 or reduce the intensity of such lifting. Preferably specified barrier has been placed between the reference layer 6 and working layer 7. It is preferable that this barrier layer was made in the form of a film on the basis of polyester complex.

[0043] according To one of the preferred options for the implementation of inventions, set 1 to finish the floor includes a mounting substrate 3 and removable surface treatment 2, representing a multi-product on the basis of PVC covered with protective varnish 8 and increasing the adhesion of the coating 5, which is a continuous layer covers the surface of the removable cover 2, which will be in contact with the mounting substrate 3.

[0044] In the case of removable surface coatings 2 in the form of planks or tiles is that the rigidity of the substrate 3 promotes dimensional stability slabs or bars relative to each other. The use of underlay 3 has a removable surface treatment 2 autobaterie action. Thus, tiles or strips have the best horizontal resistance to tensile stresses, which prevents the occurrence of gaps between the areas removable surface coatings 2, making the whole set is more durable and resistant to wear and tear arising from walk across the floor. This does not require the application of any of the gaskets between the plates or bars.

[0045] table 1 shows the data obtained in the result of evaluation of coupling removable surface coatings 2, which may be caused to increase the stickiness floor 5. This grip was evaluated using special tests, in accordance with which determined effort that should be attached to this floor 2, in order for it was separated from the fixed bearing, or fixing substrates 3, which nerushenko fixed to fixed bearing.

[0046] In the same Table 1 the results of evaluation of the influence of the availability improves the adhesion of the coating 5 on the hardness of the coating. This evaluation was conducted using the method of indentation in compliance with the requirements of standard EN 433. On the punch, with an area of 1 cm2 put pressure load of 50 kg after 150 minutes, in the punch was under load and 150 minutes, during which he remained without load, measured the depth of the imprint left by the specified punch.

[0047] When comparing combinations of 1 and 3 of the table above was found to increase the stickiness floor 5, applied on surface treatment 2 (a combination of 3), provides the best coupling with the last floor in comparison with the situation when on the floor stack mounting substrate 3 (a combination of 1). In addition, when comparing combinations of 2 and 4 shows that the most favorable situation is in the case when the surface coating contains increase the stickiness floor 3, and laid on the floor mounting pad 3.

[0049] Apart from the fact that the proposed solution related to surface finishing, allows easy laying of one or more elements surface coatings without the use of glue, it also gives you more freedom when choosing finishes, allows combine removable decorative coatings of different nature (from polymeric resin, wood, rubber, metal, ceramics and easily replace one or more items removable part 2 while maintaining the gluing ability fixing substrates 3.

[0050] Thanks to the application of fixing substrate 3, which is pre-stack on the subject finishing floor is achieved additional advantage is that possible to get a flat surface, even in cases when the coated surface has roughnesses.

[0051] in Addition, removable surface treatment 2 and/or the mounting pad 3 can an infinite number of times to recover and re-use, since after washing the mounting pad 3 is regaining its adhesive properties.

[0052] Another advantage of fixing substrates 3 is that it helps to reduce sound transmission between the outer surface of the coating and the coated surface.

Examples

[0053] Example 1

Removable surface coating is a panel on the basis of fibreboard panels of high density DITIT (HDF) (original Smart Tarkett) 7 mm thick, with increasing adhesion coating thickness of 0.5 mm, containing by 17.6% PVC RK Vestolit ® , 15.4% of fillers (SASO 3 Durcal ® 15 company OMYA), 62% of diisononylphthalate DINP (DINP) Jayflex applications a company echop and 0.37% rheological agent (Aerosilž 200 company EVONIK). Enhances adhesion of the coating is applied on removable covering with an adhesive TESA ® 4970 and anti-adhesive paper (paper cushioning Stikpote EHR.C1.S.EX flat company SAPPI Europe), covered with a composition on the basis of highly plasticized PVC given in gel-like state in the treatment result in a furnace at a temperature of 180 degrees C.

[0054] Example 2

Removable surface treatment is a multi-product of PVC thickness of 2.5 mm, with increasing adhesion of the coating thickness of 0.5 mm, containing by 17.6% PVC RK Vestolit ® , 15.4% of fillers (SASO 3 Durcal ® 15 company OMYA), 62% of diisononylphthalate DINP (DINP) Jayflex applications a company echop and 0.37% rheological agent (Aerosilž 200 company EVONIK). Enhances adhesion of the coating is applied on a removable floor in liquid form, and then lead into a jelly-like state by processing in furnaces at the temperature of 155°N Multilayer removable cover on the basis of PVC (Tarkett Stone 370) contains the reference made foam layer laminate substrate density of 600 g/m 2 on the basis of recycled PVC containing insulating fiberglass layer with density 80 g/m 2 , decorative foam layer and the layer of varnish on the basis of polyurethane thickness of 10 microns.

[0055] Example 3

In this if you use the same removable surface treatment, as the coverage described in Example 2. On the floor lay the mounting surface, containing glass-fiber layer on both sides of which put a composition that includes 17,6% PVC RK Vestolit ® , 15.4% of fillers (SASO 3 Durcal ® 15 companies OMYA), 62% of diisononylphthalate DINP (DINP) Jayflex applications a company echop and 0.37% rheological agent (Aerosilž 200 company EVONIK), then the composition are gelation, by processing in furnaces at the temperature of 155°N Next removable surface coating placed on the pre placed on the floor mounting substrate.

[0056] Example 4

This example is similar to example 3, except that gelation covering the floor fixing substrates and increasing the adhesion of the coating is carried out by treatment in a furnace at a temperature of 180 degrees C.

[0057] Example 5

This example is similar Example 4, with the difference that laid on the floor fixing liner contains 13,5% PVC RK Vestolit ® , 4,4% of the product LacovyI ® PA 1384 company Arkema, 15.4% of fillers (SASO 3 Durcal ® 15 company OMYA), 66% of diisononylphthalate (DINP) (DINP) Jayflex applications a company echop and 0.7% rheological agent (Aerosilž 200 company EVONIK).

[0058] Example 6

This example is similar to example 5, except that you use the mounting substrate thickness of 0.25 mm

[0059] Example 7

This uses the same removable surface treatment, as discussed in Example 2, having the fastening substrate containing a layer of compacted PVC containing 12.4% of diisononylphthalate DINP (DINP) Jayflex applications a company Exxon, 12,9% nBXVinnolit ® P 4472, 16,1% Vestolite ® In 7021, 47% of SASO 3 OMYA BL 20 and 11.6% of nonventure. A compacted layer PVC cover on the side, included into contact with removable surface treatment, special structure that contains 17,6% PVC P1353K Vestolit ® , 15.4% of fillers (SASO 3 Durcal ® 15 company OMYA), 62% of diisononylphthalate DINP (DINP) Jayflex applications a company Exxon and 0.37% rheological agent Aerosilž 200 company EVONIK applied in liquid form with the subsequent her by processing in furnaces at the temperature of 155 C.

[0060] Example 8

Removable surface coating is a panel on the basis of fibreboard panels of high density DITIT (HDF) (original Smart Tarkett) 7 mm thick without increasing the adhesion of the coating. This panel is placed on the pre-installed on the floor mounting substrate containing 13,5% PVC P1353K Vestolit ® , 4,4% of the product LacovyI ® PA 1384 company Arkema, 15.4% of fillers (CaCO 3 Durcal ® 15 company OMYA), 66% DINP Jayflex applications a company Exxon and 0.7% rheological agent (Aerosilž 200 company EVONIK).

[0061] Example 9

Removable surface treatment is a multi-product of PVC thickness of 2.5 mm without increasing the adhesion of the coating. It is placed on the pre-installed on the floor mounting a substrate containing 13,5% PVC RK Vestolit ® , 4,4% of the product LacovyI ® PA 1384 company Arkema, 15.4% of fillers (SASO 3 Durcal ® 15 the company OMYA), 66% of diisononylphthalate DINP (DINP) Jayflex applications a company Exxon and 0.7% rheological substances (Aerosilž 200 company EVONIK).

Item numbers

1 - set to finish the floor

2 - removable surface treatment

3 - mounting substrate 4-floor

5 - increase the stickiness floor

6 - support layer

7 - working layer

8 - protective varnish

9 - anti-adhesive paper

1. Set (1) to finish the floor containing two elements: removable surface treatment (2) and the mounting surface (3), the mounting surface (3) has a composition based on PVC and contains at least 60% by weight plasticizer.

2. The kit of claim 1, wherein the specified mounting surface (3) is intended for installation on a subject to floor floor, as specified removable surface treatment (2) is intended for installation on the specified mounting substrate.

3. Set according to claim 1 or 2, in which the plasticizer selected from the group, including: phthalates, adipate, trimellitate, organophosphates, citrates, vegetable oil and esters polyols derived starch, or is a mix of the specified substances.

4. Set according to claim 1 or 2, in which the plasticizer selected from the group consisting of diisobutylamine, desogestral, diisononylphthalate, or is a mix of the specified substances.

5. Set according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mounting pad (3) contains additives and/or fiberglass layer.

6. Set according to claim 1 or 2, in which the thickness of mounting surfaces (3) is at least 0,25 mm

7. Set according to claim 1 or 2, which removable surface treatment (2) is made on the basis of polymeric resins, rubber, wood, textiles, glass, metal or ceramic.

8. Set in point 6, in which removable surface treatment (2) is made from a material based on PVC, or on the basis of wood-fiber material medium density, or on the basis of drevesno-fibrous material of high density.

9. Set according to claim 1 or 2, which removable surface treatment (2) is a multi-product of polymeric resins having a support layer (6), which is made of foam, condensed or textile, and working layer (7).

10. Set in paragraph 7, in which removable surface coating contains barrier layer placed between the base layer (6) and working layer (7).

11. Set on any one of claims 1, 2, 8, 10, in which removable surface treatment (2) contains a protective lacquer (8) on the basis of polyurethane, stitched under the action of ultraviolet radiation.

12. Set on any one of claims 1, 2, 8, 10, in which on the surface of the removable surface coatings (2)in contact with the mounting surface (3)caused to improve the adhesion of the coating (5) on the basis of PVC containing at least 60% by weight plasticizer.

13. Way of fastening of removable decorative surface treatment (2), according to which use the mounting surface (3), with a composition on the basis of PVC, including at least 60 wt.% plasticizer, and specified the mounting surface (3) be placed on the floor the floor.

14. The method indicated in paragraph 13, in which the mounting surface (3) is placed on the floor before laying removable decorative surface treatment (2) specified on the mounting surface (3).

15. The method according to item 13 or 14, in which mounting surface (3) covers want to cover the floor continuous layer.

16. The method according to item 13 or 14, in which on the surface of the removable surface coatings (2)in contact with the mounting surface (3), are increasing the adhesion of the coating (5) on the basis of PVC containing at least 60% by weight plasticizer.