Hydraulic cyclone automatic control. RU patent 2504439.
 Method of gas treatment and dust precipitator to this end / 2492913Invention relates to gas-air-mix cleaning in industries emitting gases into atmosphere. In compliance with this method, gas-air mix flow is forced into tubular case of cleaning first-stage zone and swirled by swirler in helical line along working zone case and, thereafter, into cleaning second stage. Cleaning second stage is executed by forcing the flow in ejection chamber for ejection by means of a fan. Gas precipitation unit comprises first-stage cleaning zone tubular case equipped with swirler and air discharge pipe, dedusting channel with outlet located in the bin communicated via discharge channel with cleaning second-stage device. Tubular case is communicated with confuser, separation channel and gas discharge diffuser. cleaning second-stage device comprises aforesaid fan with its chamber communicated with gas discharge diffuser and ejection chamber. |
 Device to separate particles from fluid / 2477645Invention relates to separation of solid particles from fluid, particularly, to devices exploiting turbulence effects originating in fluid flowing via pipe, and may be used in hydraulic mechanisation during underwater excavation. Proposed device comprises pulp feed line connected with hydraulic mix pump gun, turbulent-vortex separator wit discharge pipe and intake container. Pulp feed line is connected with turbulent-vortex separator by flange joint composed of central hydrodynamic tube made up of several truncated cones with separation plates with fluid discharged bores. Every said plate is arranged at an angle to hydrodynamic tube axis. |
 Inertial vortex separator / 2467805Invention relates to equipment intended for dry dusty gas cleaning of disperse particles and separation of multicomponent gas mixes. Proposed separator comprises inlet air duct 1 shaped to paraboloid confuser to house swirler 2 and vortex chamber 3. Central cylindrical nozzle 4 connected to paraboloid diffuser 5 is arranged at chamber outlet. Said diffuser is connected to dust catcher branch pipe 6 and aligned therewith, and connected to settling chamber 7. Conical diffuser 8 connected to cleaned gas discharge pipeline 9 is arranged downstream of diffuser 5. Adjustable annular slit 10 communicated with gas discharge channel 11 is arranged between diffuser 5 and conical diffuser 8. |
 Method of automatic control over hydraulic cyclone / 2445171Invention relates to automatic sizing of materials in hydraulic cyclones and may be used at mineral processing plants of nonferrous and ferrous metallurgy, coal and chemical industries. Method of automatic control consists in that sand flow rate is varied depending upon pulp flow rate ratios at hydraulic cyclone inlet and outlet and, besides, sand flow rate is corrected additionally subject to separation coarseness with due allowance for pulp viscosity at hydraulic cyclone outlet. |
 Draft unit / 2443905Draft unit consists of cylindrical vortex tube (2) closed on one side and tangential inlet (1) of rectangular section, which is connected to it and provides the supply of compressed working gas or fluid to the tube tangentially to the circle of its inner surface. In order to increase the draft due to action of aerodynamic (7) and reactive (8) forces directed to one side, closed part (6) of cylindrical vortex tube is inclined at the specified angle, mainly at 45 degrees. Tangential inlet is connected to vortex tube so that the projection of major axis of elliptical closed part is fully covered with the inlet. Length of vortex tube is preferably by 1.3-1.5 times more than diameter of its outlet part. |
 Cyclone separator for fluid media / 2424038Invention is intended for fluids separation. Cyclone separator comprises tubular housing to accelerate fluid, swirling appliances to swirl fluid in annular space between housing and central element arranged there inside. Central element is provided with resonance killer comprising expander to create expanding force in central element elongated tail section and comprises retaining appliance to retain central element end located downstream. Retaining appliance comprise conical tube and clamping case. Said conical tube is press-fitted between central element tail part outer surface and clamping case inner surface. |
 Multistage centrifugal separator / 2414305Invention relates to cleaning gas of heterogeneous impurities and may be used in oil, gas, chemical industries, etc. Proposed separator comprises vertical cylindrical housing, inlet chamber and centrifugal separation stages arranged along gas transfer. Inlet chamber has tapered bottom and heterogeneous gas admixtures discharge branch pipe. Each stage consists of cylindrical case accommodating swirling element and catching section made up of cylinder with inclined bottom, discharge valve and semi-torus cover. Cylindrical case top of each section is provided with truncated cone. Said truncated cones are jointed together by central rod. Note that separation stages are identical. Swirling element of every next stage features larger swirling angle compared with previous stage. |
 System of anisentropic swirl tubes to extract ethane, propane-butane and condensate from major volumes of natural gas / 2413579Invention relates to extraction of ethane, propane-butane and condensate from major volumes of natural gas. Proposed system is made up of cylinder or several cylinders formed by parallel anisentropic swirl tubes. Each of the latter consists of compressed natural gas feed nozzle, conical casing in the form of cone diverging toward tube hot end, diaphragm with central hole on nozzle side (tube cold end), and throttle gate valve on tube opposite end (tube hot end). Tangential nozzle of each swirl tube is connected with main gas pipeline with the help of connection manifold. Hot ends of each swirl tube are connected by connection manifold with gas pipeline to combine hot gas flows and direct them, first, into heat exchanger and, then, into separator to extract liquid fractions of ethane, propane-butane and condensate. Cylinder as described above (or several cylinders arranged one after another along the axis) is located inside gas pipeline that combines cold gas flows. |
 Separator / 2403983Proposed invention relates to separation of solid particles/fluids from fluid. Proposed separator is arranged between flash vaporisation tank and heat exchanger in Bayer process plant and comprises fluid inlet and outlet, outlet for separated solid particles, and vane swirler arranged downstream of fluid inlet but upstream of fluid outlet and outlet for separated solid particles. Vane swirler is arranged to act on fluid flow so that entrapped solid particles and fluid move radially sideways due to inertia. Note here that fluid outlet is located on one line with fluid inlet and vane swirler. Note also that feed into solid particles outlet id carried out by collector arranged radially. |
 Direct-flow cyclone / 2361677Invention is related to dust collection devices. Cyclone comprises cylindrical body, swirler fixed on fairing and installed at the inlet, opening for separated phase, louver unwinder in the form of revolution solid with unwinding vanes and vane arranged in the form of elastic plate installed in window of cylindrical body, cone-cylinder adapter. Swirler fairing is arranged as conic. Louver unwinder is arranged in the form of truncated cone with taper of 1:10-1:11. Swirler fairing, cone of louver unwinder and cone-cylinder adapter are serially connected by means of fixed butt joints. Adapter is arranged with the possibility of its fixed coupling along cylindrical surface with internal surface of cyclone cylindrical body downstream opening for separated phase relative to inlet into cyclone in axial direction. Larger base of conic fairing is coupled with smaller base of louver unwinder cone, larger base of which is coupled with smaller base of cone-cylinder adapter cone. On swirler surfaces that contact with cleaned medium, and on valve surface coupled with window of cylindrical body, hydrophobic coating is arranged. |
 Device for producing propulsion / 2253514Device comprises vortex pipe with a scroll for supplying and accelerating air and cold and hot end sections. The cold end section of the vortex pipe is provided with a ring plate. The diameter of the inner opening in the plate should be chosen to allow it to be fit on the vortex pipe with interference for increasing the area of the face of the cold section. The vortex pipe can be mounted in the guiding member which defines the inclination of the vector of the propulsion to the horizon. The hot section of the vortex pipe should be provided with a valve. |
 Vortex air cleaner / 2259862Vortex air cleaner comprises housing with evacuating chamber provided with one or several separation members each of which consists of separation branch pipes with blade swirlers and outlet branch pipe. The flat blade of the swirlers are interposed between the branch pipes and disks so that the straight outlet edges define inner spaces of the swirlers that have the form of one-space hyperboloids of rotation and are their straight generatrices. The throat periphery of the hyperboloid of the first air swirler is in the space of the disk or in the plane parallel to the disk which is at a distance of the swirler. The throat periphery of the hyperboloid of the second air swirler is in the plane of the disk or plane parallel to the disk and is at a distance of it in the direction opposite to its flowing. The disk of the second air swirler provided with the blades projects out of the separation branch pipe in the direction opposite to the air flow inward to the first separation branch pipe. Before the blade abut against the second separation branch pipe the wall of the second separation branch pipe is provided with rectangular slots for discharging the near-wall air layer with the separated particles to the evacuating chamber. |
 Straight-flow cyclone / 2277018Straight-flow cyclone comprises housing provided with the flow rectifier mounted in the top section of the housing, Laval nozzle mounted in the intermediate section , and swirler mounted in the bottom cylindrical section of the housing, openings for discharging solid fractions provided in the converging part of the Laval nozzle, ring chambers that embrace the housing and are used for collecting and discharging light and heavy solid fractions. The cyclone has additional chamber for collecting and discharging slim. The chamber is mounted above the chamber for collecting and discharging light fraction and is open from above. All three chambers are interconnected to define common casing. The chambers for collecting and discharging the heavy and light solid fraction are additionally provided with tangential inlets for controllable supply of fluid, e.g. water. The diverging part of the Laval Nozzle is provided with openings for supplying light fractions and slim from the chamber for collecting heavy fraction back to the main stream. The rows of the openings in the converging and diverging parts are arranged in the planes perpendicular to the central axis of the Laval nozzle. The rectifier is made of cylindrical shell provided with openings arranged along the generatrix, deflecting plate secured to the bottom face of the shell, and is mounted coaxially above the outlet face of the Laval nozzle with a spaced relation of at least 0.1 of the diameter of the outlet face of the Laval nozzle, and is secured to the bottom section of the additional chamber so that the openings of the rectifier are arranged in the ring chamber for collecting and discharging the light fraction . |
 Dust trap / 2287375Dust trap comprises a set of rigidly interconnected cyclones. Each of the cyclones is made of cylindrical housing with blade swirler axially mounted inside at the inlet of the housing and discharging branch pipe at the outlet of the housing. The body of the swirler of each cyclone is droplet-shaped, and the blades are inclined to its axis at an angle of 60°. The swirlers of the cyclones can be provided with eight blades. The discharging branch pipe of the cyclone is mounted inside the housing at a distance from the blades that is equal to the diameter of the housing and is made of a cylinder-cone whose cone angle is equal to 7°. The base of the conical part of the discharging branch pipe is in coincidence with the housing outlet and tightly abuts against the housing walls. The dust-trapping hopper underlies the discharging branch pipe of each cyclone. |
 Hydraulic cyclone / 2303671Hydraulic cyclone has cylindrical part of casing with inlet and outlet branch pipes for cleaned mass, cone positioned for movement relative to cylindrical part of casing, and waste discharge branch pipe. Teeth are provided on inner surface of casing cylindrical part, with gap between teeth reducing toward cone. Cone is positioned so as to close teeth of cylindrical part of casing. |
 Separator / 2326740Separator comprises a taper shell, coaxial with a vortex tube, and is set to lap over by its larger diameter end face the vortex tube cylindrical casing end face and rigidly fixed to the said tube via a wall covering the taper shell larger end face, the shell being provided with central axial bore matching the vortex tube cylindrical casing outer diameter. The outlets for separated substances are formed by a free end face of the taper shell for low-weight and smaller-density components, air included, and by a hole in its lateral surface for higher-weight and higher-density components of the substance being separated. The wall covering the taper shell larger-diameter end face can be provided with an additional hole to let out a third component of the substance being separated with intermediate weight and density characteristics. The device can incorporate several coupled overlapping taper shells with the larger end face of every next taper shell goes covered by the wall with the central axial bore with the diameter, matching the outer diameter of the previous taper shell adjoining the smaller end face. |
 Three-stage dust-collecting system / 2342974Three-stage dust-collecting system includes dust-laden gas source connected with the distribution header, three dust-collecting plants and fan. The dust-collecting plants are represented with dust-collecting units installed at counter-current swirling flows of gas. Each dust-collecting unit includes cylindrical body with the tapered hopper, the upper tangential inlet nozzle, the lower inlet nozzle with inlet swirler and dust extracting beveled washer. This washer is installed along body axis and at the outer surface of the lower inlet nozzle. The dust-collecting system also includes axial outlet nozzle for the cleaned gas and axial dust discharge nozzle. The latter is installed in the bottom part of the hopper and provided with flood-gate. There is a flood gate installed in the bottom part of the dust collecting unit. Outlet nozzles of the dust-collecting unit are provided with chokes and connected with the upper inlet nozzles of the second and third dust connecting units and with the lower inlet nozzles of the second and third dust connecting units. The lower inlet nozzle of the first dust-collecting unit is linked with its upper inlet nozzle. The axial outlet cleaned gas nozzle is coupled with the lower inlet nozzle of the second dust-collecting unit, whereas the axial outlet cleaned gas nozzle of the second dust-collecting unit is linked with the lower inlet nozzle of the third dust-collecting unit. Suction nozzle of the fan is connected to the axial outlet cleaned gas nozzle of the third dust-collecting unit. Preferably, ratio of the first, second and third dust-collecting units diameters should be 1:(1.2-1.5):(2-3), respectively. |
 Dust-collecting system / 2342975Dust-collecting system includes the source of cleaned gas, pipelines, fan, two dust-collecting units installed at counter-current swirling flows of gas. Each dust-collecting unit is represented with the cylindrical body with the tapered hopper, the first tangential inlet nozzle, inlet swirler in the second inlet nozzle and dust extracting beveled washer installed on its outer surface. The body is also provided with axial outlet nozzle for the cleaned gas and dust discharge nozzle where flood-gate is installed. The system is also provided with the source of clean air, the chokes installed on the pipelines and separating concentrator including cylindrical swirling chamber linked with inlet chamber provided with tangential inlet. There is axial pipe in the swirling chamber to discharge gas flow with less dust concentration. The swirling chamber outlet is located at the opposite side from inlet chamber. Side nozzle is mounted on the surface of swirling chamber to discharge gas flow with higher dust concentration. Tapered hopper of the fist dust-collecting unit is provided with dust-laden gas outlet nozzle. Cleaned gas source is connected to the tangential inlet of separating concentrator having side nozzle connected to the tangential inlet nozzle of the first dust-collecting unit. The axial outlet nozzle of the first dust-collecting unit is linked with the suction nozzle of the fan. Clean air source is coupled with the pipeline provided with choke and with inlet swirler of the first dust-collecting unit. Besides, axial pipe of the separating concentrator is coupled with the pipeline provided with choke and with the pipeline connecting clean gas source with inlet swirler of the first dust-collecting unit. The dust-laden gas nozzle of the first dust-collecting unit is linked with the tangential inlet nozzle and inlet swirler of the second dust-collecting unit. The axial outlet nozzle of the second dust-collecting unit is provided with the suction nozzle of the fan. |
 Vortex dust collector / 2343958Invention concerns dust collection. Vortex dust collector includes cylindrical case with top and bottom tangential inlet pipes for gas to be cleaned, deflector disk, axial outlet pipe for cleaned gas and dust collector, permeable cylindrical insert positioned coaxially to the case to form annular clearance between them. Top tangential pipe is made in the form of snail swirler, and bottom pipe features conical swirler mounted along the case axis and hollow truncated cone with base diametre ratio equal to 1:(1.4-1.5) and ring deflector disk on its external surface. Clearance between internal case wall and external surface of cylindrical insert comprises 0.13D, where D is internal case diametre. Cylindrical insert is rigidly attached by horizontal spokes to vertical axis on which fairing is mounted and which is connected to electric motor by transmission. |
 Dust collection system / 2343959Invention concerns gas treatment and can be applied in removal of fine-dispersed particles from waste gas in chemical, food and woodwork industry, construction material and article production and other spheres. Dust collection system includes source of gas to be cleaned, fan, pipes and two dust collectors at oncoming swirl gas flows. Each dust collector has form of cylindrical case with conical tank, top tangential inlet, inlet swirler in bottom inlet pipe, and conical disc deflecting dust at the outer surface of collector, with axial outlet pipe for cleaned gas and dust discharge pipe in which floodgate is mounted. System features injector including inlet and outlet pipes and side pipe for cleaned gas suction, separation concentrator including inlet chamber with tangential inlet, cylindrical swirl chamber, and axial pipe for discharge of gas flow with reduced dust concentration. Conical tank of first dust collector has dust and gas mix discharge pipe, and dampers are installed in pipes. Source of gas to be cleaned is connected to fan inlet, fan supercharge pipe is connected to tangential inlet pipe of first dust collector and side pipe of injector. Outlet pipe of injector is connected to inlet swirler of first dust collector, axial cleaned gas outlet pipe of which enters open air. Dust and gas mix discharge pipe of conical tank is connected to tangential inlet pipe and inlet swirler of second dust collector, axial outlet pipe of which is connected to tangential inlet of separation concentrator. Axial concentrator pipe is connected to injector inlet pipe, and its side pipe is connected to the fan inlet. |
FIELD: process engineering.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to automatic control over sizing of material in hydraulic cyclones. Method of automatic control over hydraulic cyclone consists in changing sand supply rate subject to pulp at hydraulic cyclone outlet and sands and sizing size with allowance for pulp viscosity at hydraulic cyclone outlet. Note here that hydraulic cyclone sand unloading hood opening is additionally measured and adjusted.
EFFECT: higher separation efficiency.
2 cl
The invention relates to processes for automatic control of the processes of material separation by size in hydrocyclones and can be applied at concentrating enterprises of nonferrous and ferrous metallurgy, coal and chemical industry, as well as in the construction industry.
There is a method of automatic regulation of operation of the hydrocyclone (Zubkov, GA. and other automation of processes of enrichment of ores of nonferrous metals. M., Nedra, 1967, s.112-113), which, depending on the density of the product has an effect on an adjustable nozzle to be installed socket.
The disadvantage of this method is the lack of definite correlations between the density and the size, in consequence of which takes place insufficiently precise separation by size, plums hydrocyclone clogged large particles, and the Sands, on the contrary, the smaller.
There is a method of automatic control (Cooks A.M., Zabirov MG Automatic regulation of hydrocyclones /Enrichment of ores // 1958, №3, Pp.33-40).
The disadvantage of this method is imprecise separation of solid particle size due to violations of the vacuum in the hydrocyclone due to air leaks from the side drain and overlap Sands lower end of the air column with smaller diameter sand nozzles. In addition, the disadvantages of this method applies clogging of the vacuum tube inserted in the hydrocyclone through the hole in the center of the top cover, as well as the complexity and the complexity of the whole system.
Known «Method of automatic control » (Pat. RU №2445171, publ. 20.03.2012), taken as a prototype. Management is performed by the changes in consumption Sands, and consumption Sands change depending on the ratio of the cost of pulp on the sink and in the Sands of the cyclone.
The disadvantage of this method is the delay of the reaction of the regulatory authority on the impact of the change of the size of gravel holes.
The technical result is to increase the quality of separation.
The technical result is achieved by the way of automatic control by changing the flow of the Sands, which change depending on the ratio of the cost of pulp-draining Sands and cyclones, and the magnitude size of separation given the viscosity of pulp at the discharge of the hydrocyclone, additionally measure and regulate the degree of disclosure of the discharge of the umbrella Sands hydrocyclone.
The degree of disclosure of the umbrella unloading Sands can be changed in the range from 0 to 15 degrees.
In practice, often there are cases reduce the effectiveness of separation in high-quality end product due to variations in the properties of the source of power, concentration of solid and texture characteristics of the material. You need a system instantly reacting to these changes and stabilizes the operation cyclone. It is logical requirement introducing correction circuit product quality control according to the proximity sensor.
Adjusting the size particle size separation into account the degree of disclosure of the umbrella gravel product leads to a change in quality control, that without delay provide the requested for subsequent processes size of the particle in the discharge of the cyclone.
The most important indicator of the quality of separation is steepness of the separation characteristics. In the case of perfect separation she takes a step or so-called S-shaped form. Figure 1 presents the separation characteristics for different degrees of disclosure handling umbrella Sands hydrocyclone. Performance indicator a=1
corresponds to the angle umbrella in the range of 55-65 degrees. This leads to the great liquefaction gravel product and clogging of his small particles. The closest to the ideal division is the mode with the figure of?=6, which corresponds to the corner of the umbrella 10-15 degrees. Control system stabilizes the work of the hydrocyclone in this mode.
Figure 2 presents a schematic diagram of the device, implementing the proposed method.
The method is as follows. Measure the flow rate of pulp in the sink and the Sands of the hydrocyclone 1 flowmeters 2 and 3, respectively, and pulp viscosity on plum 4 installed on the discharge of the hydrocyclone 1. Proximity sensor 8, which is a laser beam, set on the output of sand from sand nozzles. Passing through the umbrella gravel product, the beam is distorted depending on the degree of disclosure of the umbrella and gets on radiation receiver 9. Information from the receiver enters the Converter amplifier signal 10. More detailed scheme of installation of the sensor 8 and radiation detector 9 depicted in figure 3. Then the data in the form of electrical signals come in regulating the microcontroller 5. In microcontroller 5 compares the degree of disclosure of the umbrella with a given, which is derived theoretically and corresponds to the corner of the disclosure of the umbrella 10-15 degrees. If the magnitude of the unbalance of taking into account the sign and magnitude of the resulting mismatch the driving impulse which, through the Executive mechanism 6 affects the regulatory authority 7, changing section sand nozzles to clean the resulting imbalance. For example, rubber nozzle - tor, operated by a pneumatic actuator. When the degree of disclosure of the umbrella diameter sand nozzles will decrease and Vice versa.
Application of the proposed method of automatic control allows to improve the quality of the separation and support given finer separation due to the additional control and measuring the degree of disclosure of the discharge of the umbrella.
1. Method of automatic control of by changing the flow of the Sands, which change depending on the ratio of the cost of pulp in the sink and the Sands of the cyclone and the magnitude size of separation given the viscosity of pulp at the discharge of the hydrocyclone, characterized in that the additional measure and regulate the degree of disclosure of the discharge of the umbrella Sands hydrocyclone.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the degree of disclosure of the umbrella unloading Sands change in the range from 0 to 15 degrees.