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Method and assembly of application of insulation onto pipeline outer surface Method involves coiling of an insulation tape off a roll fixed on a bobbin holder. The tape is drawn through an accumulator and wound on the pipeline along a helical line with its fixation on the pipeline, with further growth of the tape when the tape of the used roll ends. The assembly includes a housing, two bobbin holders, a device for holding the tape down to the pipeline surface, a system of tape guiding and turning rolls, a heating unit and an accumulator. The accumulator represents a system of shafts installed parallel to the bobbin holders. |
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Insulation cassette as a part of the cover of steam generators under intermediate pressure, for example as an insulation casing of the pipe. The cassette includes closed housing (5) from a metal plate that fully encloses insulating filling material. The latter includes aerogel. The insulation cassette has approximately a C-shaped cross section and is equipped with fasteners. Insulation cassettes made in the form of complementary parts can be assembled by means of fasteners so that the closed pipe casing can be formed. |
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Light diode lamp comprises a body with a fixed printed circuit board with light diodes, a primary optical system and a secondary optical system. Light diodes produce segments, where the primary optical system is directly installed, besides, above it there is the secondary optical system comprising groups of lenses, and installed as capable of radial displacement relative to the axis of the lamp. |
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Aerodrome lighting device (versions) Light beam that left the first output face passes along the first channel and gets to the first input surface of the first window. Light beam that left the second output face passes along the second channel and gets to the second input surface of the second window. The light beam is discharged from the device via the first output surface of the first window and the second output surface of the second window. At the same time arrangement of the first window and second window in the form of an optical wedge with mutually perpendicular cylindrical surfaces or in the form of an optical wedge with a diffraction structure with rated relief applied onto the first input surface of the first window and the second input surface of the second window provides for formation of angular divergence of the light beam, which has asymmetric angular dimensions along the vertical line and horizontal line and change of its direction, providing for arrangement of the lower border of the light beam on the surface of a landing strip, and also provision of the specified direction of the axis of maximum brightness of light beam. |
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Burner includes an air supply chamber, a flame tube, a gas supply chamber, in the end walls of which there is a row of opposite located holes, in which mixing tubes with annular rows of holes in their side walls are installed. The gas supply chamber is installed inside the flame tube so that an annular gap is formed between the side cylindrical wall of the chamber and the flame tube. In the side cylindrical wall of the gas supply chamber there is an annular row of radial holes. The flame tube is equipped with an annular conical throttle at the inlet and has a possibility of axial back and forth movement within restricted limits with fixation in any intermediate position. |
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Rear casing for air flow control Rear casing for air flow control, which is meant for being used in a burner, includes a housing, the first inlet hole, an annular collecting chamber, an annular mixing chamber, an annular wall and the first and the second air flow holes. The housing has front and rear ends and a longitudinal axis passing between the above ends. The first air inlet hole is made in the housing. The annular collecting chamber for air collection is located in the housing and interacts with the first inlet hole. The annular mixing chamber for mixing of air flow is located in the housing. The annular wall divides collecting and mixing chambers. The first and the second airflow holes pass between the collecting and mixing chambers and have the first and the second height respectively, which are the part of the annular wall height. Height of the first air flow hole is larger than height of the second air flow hole. |
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Method involves combustion of associated oil gas in a chamber furnace, generation of heated working medium, conversion of working medium energy to operation of a payload unit; as a working medium there used is air compressed in a bladed machine and heated in an air heater; working medium is supplied to a turbine of a turbine drive and then to the chamber furnace. Expansion of the working body in the turbine is used for actuation of the bladed machine and the payload unit. The thermal power plant includes air and associated oil gas supply components, a chamber furnace, a bladed machine, an electric generator and an exhaust pipe. It is equipped with an air heater and a turbine of a turbine drive. In front of the chamber furnace along the air circuit there installed is the turbine of the turbine drive, the air heater, the bladed machine and air supply components. After the chamber furnace, along the gas circuit there installed is an air heater and an exhaust pipe. |
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Swirler, combustion chamber and gas turbine with improved swirling Swirler for mixing fuel and air includes many blades located radially around the central swirler axis, many mixing channels for mixing of fuel and air. At least one mixing channel of the variety of mixing channels is specified by opposite walls of two adjacent blades of the variety of blades and includes at least one fuel spray hole arranged in an upstream section at least of one mixing channel, and includes an axial swirler. The swirler namely passes between walls of two adjacent blades and is arranged in a downstream section of at least one mixing channel. |
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Heat supply method, as per which on a heat source there performed is central qualitative control of total heat load of a water heat supply system as per a temperature chart. During a transient period of a heating season at positive ambient air temperatures there performed is central qualitative control of heat load of the heat supply system as per the temperature chart without any lower break. Some part of heat load for hot water supply of consumers is provided by means of local heat sources located immediately at consumers; with that, local temperature control of heat carrier supplied for hot water supply is performed. |
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Microclimate provision system includes an ambient air intake device, air filter 2 for air cleaning, a Peltier element, a fan, an electric motor, an air piping network, a throttle valve, air distributing devices, a wind generator with an electric generator connected to the Peltier element, connected on one side to the air distributing devices, and on the other one to the ambient air intake device through the air filter. Wind generator also includes a transmission, a brake system and blades. |
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In an air conditioner containing a section of receiving heat-insulated valves, connection sections, the first heating section consisting of heating elements, valves and a bypass channel, the first recirculation section, a spraying chamber, in which injectors and drop catches are installed; besides, a filter tray is located under the spraying chamber, and after the spraying chamber there located is the second recirculation section and a section of filters, which is connected to the second heating section consisting of heating elements and connected to a ventilation unit; drop catchers are made in the form of a pack of partition walls, one of which is a baffle element with a through hole, and the other ones are perforated and have perforation coefficient of 0.5, and at least three rows of plates, which follow them and have an inclination from upper plane to the lower one, and in the cross section perpendicular to length - a wedge-shaped streamlined shape, and the housing is installed on elastic elements, and a suction branch pipe of the fan is connected to the housing by means of an elastic link; besides, the baffle element with the through hole of the pack of partition walls is installed in the pack at the last point, and ratio of its height "b" to height of the through hole "c" is at optimum interval of values: b/c=2…5, and a gap between the partition walls of the pack is 0.01…0.1 of their height. |
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In a method of air conditioning with combined indirect cooling, which consists in the fact that steam treatment of air is performed in an air conditioner and then it is supplied to a room; air is treated in a mixing chamber of the air conditioner for its steam treatment in a heat exchanger and a spray chamber by mixing the following air flows: ambient air flow is supplied through an air intake device and a valve, and recirculating air is supplied from the room via a discharge air pipeline; then, it is cleaned from dust in an air filter and passed through the heat exchanger, the spray chamber with injectors intensifying a heat-and-mass exchange process and supplied to the room by a suction type fan through the air distributing device. At least two sensors are installed in the room to be air-conditioned: a sensor recording humidity in the room, and a temperature recording sensor, and temperature is controlled in the room by means of a sensor that acts on the actuating mechanism of the valve installed on a supply pipeline of heat carrier to the heat exchanger. |
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Ventilation system of production plant Ventilation system of a production plant includes an exhaust duct of dust-loaded air, which includes a fan with an electric motor. The electric motor is connected to an automatic control unit of air flow rate, which is connected to an optic dust concentration sensor consisting of an emitter and a receiver, which are installed in aerodynamic channels. |
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Hot-water boiler includes a housing with a head and a cover plate, in the central part of which there is a burner installation hole. A water volume, a furnace chamber, a turning chamber of flue gases and smoke tubes are arranged in the housing. Smoke tubes are interconnected through inlet sections to the flue gas turning chamber and through outlet sections to a flue gas header connected to a stack. The boiler water header is formed with a flattened shell attached by means of a free edge of side surface to the bottom of the flue gas turning chamber and facing with its bottom to the boiler head. Heating elements are made in the form of tubes, each of which is placed into a smoke tube with an annular gap. Inlet ends of heating elements are connected to a supply pipeline through the water header and outlet ends are connected to water volume. The flue gas header is formed with the boiler cover plate and water volume surfaces facing to the cover plate. The flue gas turning chamber is equipped with a side wall installed with a gap relative to the boiler housing wall. Water volume enclosed between the shell bottom and the boiler head is connected to a discharge pipeline. |
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Compact silencer for condensation boiler Silencer for air introduction to a mixing element receives gas and is connected to a fan that supplies the same gas and air to a channel connected to a burner; the silencer includes a housing with the first hole for air takeoff from enclosing space and the second hole, to which the incoming air mixing element is connected; at least two parallel channels are made inside the housing and separated with a division wall or a partition wall provided at least with one internal hole to provide interconnection between the above channels; besides, the above partition wall creates two parallel air flows for combustion and directs them to the mixing element. |
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Refrigeration apparatus, in particular, household refrigeration apparatus Refrigeration apparatus, in particular, a household refrigeration apparatus has an insulated inner cavity, at least one shelf intended for isolation of a section in the inner cavity and a lid intended for the section separate closing. To each side wall of the inner cavity a component is connected; the lid support and the shelf carrier are envisaged on the component. |
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Refrigeration apparatus and method for control of temperature in such refrigeration apparatus Refrigeration apparatus, in particular - a household refrigeration apparatus with a useful volume for products being cooled contains a controller that, in case there is a cooling signal in place, may direct a cold air flow into the useful volume and actuate the defrosting heating element to prevent formation of condensate and/or ice under the impact of warm air entering the useful volume. Connected to the heating element is a time delay element that, upon occurrence of a cooling signal, keeps the heating element on during the preset period of time. During implementation of the method for adjustment of temperature inside the refrigeration apparatus the heating element remains on during the preset period of time after occurrence of a cooling signal. |
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Liquefaction method of natural gas with preliminary cooling of cooling mixture Natural gas liquefaction method, as per which natural gas is cooled, condensed and supercooled as a result of indirect heat exchange with two cooling mixtures circulating in circuits. The first cooling mixture is compressed, cooled and condensed at least partially by heat exchange with external environment (water, air). The first cooling mixture is supercooled as a result of heat exchange so that the first cooling mixture is in liquid phase so that good distribution of cooling mixture can be provided in a series of heat exchangers. Then, the cooling mixture is supercooled in the first heat exchanger by heat exchange with some part of the cooling mixture; with that, the above part is throttled prior to heat exchange. Natural gas is cooled in the second heat exchanger, and at the same time, the second cooling mixture is cooled by heat exchange with the supercooled cooling mixture; with that, the first heat exchanger differs from the second heat exchanger. Then, natural gas is liquefied and supercooled by heat exchange with the second cooling mixture till liquid natural gas is obtained. |
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System for separation of non-condensed component at natural gas liquefaction plant Invention describes a liquefied natural gas plant that uses a removal system of non-condensed material from one or more cooling cycles within the plant and its operation method. The method involves cooling of natural gas flow in the first closed cooling cycle and in an open cooling cycle so that additionally cooled natural gas flow is obtained. Non-condensed material is separated from at least some part of cooled natural gas flow in the first separating capacity so that mainly bottom liquid fraction depleted with non-condensed components and mainly top steam fraction enriched with non-condensed components are obtained. Top steam fraction enriched with non-condensed components is supplied to a fuel gas system to be used as fuel gas. Bottom liquid fraction is returned mainly to a methane cooling agent of the open cooling cycle. |
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Heat exchanger and air conditioner equipped with it Invention proposes a heat exchanger, in which in a gas supply tube and a liquid supply tube of a unit of connection tubes, connection parts, in which aluminium tubes (the first cooling agent tubes: cooling agent tubes made from aluminium or aluminium alloy) and copper tubes (the second cooling agent tubes: cooling agent tubes made from copper or copper alloy) respectively are connected to each other, located in down-going parts of aluminium tubes. The unit of connection tubes is covered with heat-insulating material. Corrosion protective treatment is applied to aluminium tubes covered with heat-insulating material. |
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Radiator includes a wall and heat exchange elements forming external and internal finning. External finning consists of straight projections alternating with passes the cross sectional area of which in upper part of the wall is smaller than in its middle part, and internal finning consists of alternating passes separated with fins and having the cross sectional area of a constant value and passes with cross sectional area of a variable value, which are made as close as possible to outside surface of the straight projection. Straight projections are located opposite passes with cross sectional area of the variable value of the internal finning. In order to mix air and increase the area of the radiator heat-removing surface, there is at least one through hole in the projections. |
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Sliding wedge of artillery-type weapon Sliding wedge of artillery-type weapon includes a wedge with cams and hinged extractors arranged in a breech ring slot. Carriers are rigidly installed on the wedge. A latch interacting with the extractor and the carrier is installed on the breech ring for each extractor. Latches are spring-loaded and made in the form of a lever interacting with the carrier and have a shaped surface made in the extractor shank. A shaped surface and a retaining platform are made on the lever to interact with the carrier. |
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Automatic weapon feed system includes a guide neck. The neck consists of two parts: an upper movable one fixed on the weapon and a lower fixed one attached to a magazine with a cartridge belt. The upper movable part of the neck is bent in the form of a loop so that direction of the cartridge belt is provided parallel to the barrel axis with noses of cartridges outwards, and at the weapon inlet with noses of cartridges in firing direction. The movable part of the neck is hinged on a fixed bracket installed on a frame of a combat module. The hinge axis coincides with a horizontal rotation axis of the weapon. The lower fixed part of the neck has a V-shape and is rigidly attached with one end to the above bracket. |
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Barrel for fire arms of limited lethality Barrel includes a cartridge chamber, a prechamber and a channel; the barrel consists of two parts connected to each other with a coaxially threaded connection. The cartridge chamber and the prechamber are located in the first part, and the barrel channel is located in the second part. In the section of the first part there are non-through annular grooves serving for restriction of use of unauthorised amunition. |
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Gunstock attachment device for hand fire arms Gunstock attachment device (1) for fixation of gunstock (5) on barrel receiver (2) of hand fire arms is made in the form of adjusting bolt (3) and interacting with adjusting bolt (3) of tensioning eccentric (4), by means of which gunstock (5) is attached to barrel receiver (2) due to tightening force acting in axial direction. |
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Correction method of flight trajectory of controlled shell, and shell for method's implementation It is proposed to direct or rotate beam (12) of laser rays relative to centre (13) of the current specified heading of shell (1) so that shell (1) can determine by itself a data set and then perform automatic correction. For that purpose, the first laser ray (11) is supplied through certain area (15) relative to the specified heading of shell (1), which at the same time can cause the beginning of time reckoning. For example, at the same time, other rotating laser ray (12) with constant rotation frequency (Q) is located around area (15). By means of the second laser ray (12) the shell determines the data set relative to the specified heading and initiates correction based on the established data set. Size of the established data set is used to begin corrections. For that purpose, delays are implemented in shell (1). |
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Reworking method of rotating band of body of utilised artillery shell Method consists in formation of a projection and a groove on a shell body and a drive band, coincidence of the projection with the groove and in further formation of their fixed connection by relative movements of connected surfaces of the drive band and the shell body. The housing of utilised ammunition without any content is provided with the front bourrelet and some part of the rear bourrelet, which are cleaned from the paint-and-lacquer coating to metal luster, to continuation of the cylindrical surface diameter, which is formed by cutting of the previous rotating band with transition to its shaped part in the form of a reduced projecting fragment. A new connected rotating band is elongated and provided with a groove on inner surface of the rotating band of identical shape with a fragment of the projection of the previous cut rotating band and the part cleaned from the paint-and-lacquer coating on surface of the rear bourrelet. Final attachment of parts is performed at additional supply of the shell to a gun barrel and at initial shooting moment owing to crimping some part of the band with a cylindrical groove shape and axial and angular displacement of the crimped rotating band relative to the housing and the fragment of the previous band, which occur in rifling leads. |
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Self-aligning internal callipers Device comprises a body with a unit of fixation, a spring-loaded pusher, placed in the inner cavity of the body coaxially to the latter with the possibility of reciprocal motion and interaction with an indicator by means of an indicator head, two bearing levers installed in parallel relative to each other, the first of which is rigidly fixed on the pusher, equipped with tips at the ends placed coaxially to each other, a handle fixed on the pusher and placed as capable of displacement in the longitudinal slot, arranged in the body, besides, the second of the bearing levers is equipped with a slider, installed as capable of displacement along the outer surface of the body and fixation, at the same time the body is equipped with a fixed thrust end, interacting with a spring, pressing the pusher towards the indicator head, and an additional slot, arranged opposite to the first one, for placement of the first bearing lever, and tips are arranged in the form of flat plates, placed in the plane parallel to the central axis, with the possibility of interaction with their side surface of the measured hole, besides, the metering tip of the first bearing lever is equipped with one rounding radius, the centre of which is arranged on the axis of the tips, and the metering tip of the second bearing lever is equipped with two equal rounding radii, centres of which are on the axis, perpendicular to the axis of the tips and at the identical distance at both sides from it, and the plane tangent to the specified rounding radii. |
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Method to determine irregularities of road bed surface In the method to determine irregularities of road bed surface they measure clear spaces under a three-meter rack, and according to the invention, they install a ground laser scanner on a station in the controlled section of the road bed. The road bed section is scanned from the station, as a result of which they determine coordinates of points of reflection of the laser beam from the surface of the road bed; the scan is received, the above actions are carried out on stations located at 20-50 m along the road axis. Then scanning results (scans) are sent to a PC, and using special software, they register scans in it from all stations, and produce a digital point 3D model of the road bed surface, the digital point 3D model of the road bed surface is sent into special software, and a digital vector 3D model of the road bed surface is produced, using the same software, they virtually model the above three-meter rack and apply it to the produced digital 3D model of the road bed surface, in turns and continuously along the scheduled direction. This rack must contact the road bed surface in two extreme points, each time clear spaces are defined between the virtual 3D rack and the digital vector 3D model of the road bed surface via specified intervals along the rack, and irregularity of the road bed surface is calculated in accordance with the formula. |
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Azimuth is determined without connection with specified base direction on the Earth. Prior to measurements the platform is roughly put into the required position according to the azimuth, at the same time the rated control signal is supplied into the sensor of moments of the azimuthal gyroblock. The azimuthal position of the platform is determined by information on currents of correction in sensors of moments of a system of accurate bringing of the platform to the horizon. |
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Calibration of vibration gyroscope Gyroscopic system comprises at least four vibration gyroscopes made as capable of changing the vibration position. The first measurement is provided by a calibrated gyroscope, and the second measurement is provided by a combination of appropriate measurements from other gyroscopes of the system, at the same time these first and second measurements are made along one and the same axis of measurement. After determination of the measurement departure value between the first measurement and the second measurement, there is a command to change the position of vibration of the calibrated gyroscope into the other vibration position, and the departure value is determined once again. The command to change the vibration position and determination of the departure value is repeated K times, where K is a positive integer number. Then on the basis of produced departure values a departure model is generated depending on the position of vibration of the calibrated gyroscope. |
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Calibration of gyroscopic systems with vibration gyroscopes In a gyroscopic system comprising at least four vibration gyroscopes, the first measurement is provided by a vibration gyroscope subject to calibration, and the second measurement is provided by a combination of measurements from other vibration gyroscopes of the system. At the level of the vibration gyroscope to be calibrated they apply the initial command for the direction to change the position from the first vibration position into the second vibration position. The calibrated value of the scale coefficient of the vibration gyroscope subject to calibration is determined on the basis of the calculated value in respect to variation of the position, on the basis of the period of time, within which the initial command is applied, the initial command, the angle difference between the first and second vibration positions, measured in accordance with the first measurement, and angle difference measured according to the second measurement. |
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Display device and method for display of measured data Invention relates to measurement of data (M(t)) of a plant (35) of energy transmission and/or energy distribution. The method to control the plant (35) of energy transmission or distribution, in which by means of multiple field and/or control devices they generate measured data M(t) of the plant of energy transmission or distribution, the measured data M(t) is sent to a control device (20); measured data M(t) is assessed with the help of the control device (20); by means of the control device (20) they generate a display signal (AS), which is sent to a screen (30) for display of the measured data M(t). At the same time in the first section (50) of the diagram on the diagram they display measured data of the selected expired time interval in the time-frozen representation, in the second directly or indirectly adjacent section (60) of the diagram on the diagram they display measured data, which relates to the time interval after the time interval displayed in the first section of the diagram, to accordingly the current moment of time of display. During the frozen representation of the measured data in the first section of the diagram the current newly added measured data of the plant of energy transmission or distribution are added to the second section of the diagram with matching of its time scaling. Also the device is proposed, which implements the specified method. |
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Ultrasonic converter of an ultrasonic flow meter is equipped with a body comprising an end close to the point of fixation, an end distant from the point of fixation, and an inner volume. At the same time the ultrasonic converter of the ultrasonic flow meter is made as capable of connection to a pipe unit of an ultrasonic flow meter, a plastic matching layer and a converting element connected to the inner surface of the plastic matching layer. At the same time the plastic matching layer has external surface and internal surface and is tightly connected to the distant end of the body and is arranged as closing it. Also the plastic matching layer has a coefficient of thermal expansion, which is higher than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the body. |
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Sensor and unit of control for flow control, and also method of controlled liquid delivery Sensor (102) serves to measure speed of liquid (308), flowing via a channel (306). The sensor (102) uses the principle of temperature measurement that demonstrates stability in respect to deviations by amount of energy dissipated by a heating element (106). A receiver (110) of the sensor is made as capable to receive electromagnetic radiation generated by a control transmitter (622), contained in the control unit (602) for interaction with the sensor (102). Electromagnetic radiation is used for power supply to a heating element (106) made as capable of liquid heating. Based on the measurement signal generated by a converting circuit contained in the sensor (102), the control drive (624) controls speed of liquid. With this purpose the sensor transmitter (116) is made as capable of transmission of the measurement signal to the control receiver (634). |
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Media interface sensor (mis) for oil-water filtering plant (owfp) Media interface sensor (MIS) for an oil-water filtering plant (OWFP) comprises a bronze flange with holes and accessories for a tight fixation to a cover or a bottom of a reservoir; on the flange there is a water-impermeable electronic unit fixed, stands of a measurement channel. With the electronic unit, using tightly installed conductors, there are ultrasonic receivers and ultrasonic radiators in the form of piezoceramic orifices with diameter of ~15÷18 mm and thickness of ~1.5÷3 mm. To seal piezoceramics, they use silcast or polyurethane. The electronic unit continuously monitors speed of passage and amplitude of ultrasonic pulses in the controlled medium. The sensor does not contain threaded joints. |
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On-stream flow meter-hopper of loose materials Device comprises a bunker with gates of loose materials, a feeder with a controlled electric drive, a guide feeding device, an electric drive of a conveyor of cantilever type, a conveyor of cantilever type, a force measurement sensor, a normalising converter, an efficiency controller, a unit of determination of total mass of material and a recorder. Additionally it comprises a filter, an adapter, a controller, a unit of dispatching control and data collection, a control panel. At the same time the force measurement sensor is connected via the filter with the adapter, which is connected to the controller, with which the unit of dispatch control and data collection is connected. |
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Device to measure vibrations of bearings for turbomachine Group of devices comprises a device for measurement of bearing vibrations for a turbomachine (1), in which at least one spacer (4) concentrically holds relative to each other at the distance an external body (3) and an inner body (2), in which there is a bearing body (6), which is accessible at the side of the outer body (3) via a radially stretching through hole (7) in the spacer (4), is equipped with a rod (8), in which there is an inner longitudinal end (9) and an outer longitudinal end (10) facing away from the inner longitudinal end (9) and placed into the through hole (7) and by the inner longitudinal end (9), fixed to the body (6) of the bearing, and also on the outer longitudinal end (10) by at least one sensor (13) of vibrations, and also the turbomachine, with the inbuilt above device for measurement of bearing vibrations. |
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Device to measure parameters and characteristics of radiation sources Device comprises a measurement bench, a radiation receiver, a processing and control unit with a device of information output. At the same time the measurement bench comprises a base, where two rotary devices are fixed, being arranged so that their axes of rotation are mutually perpendicular. On the first rotary device there is a fixation device for the investigated source of radiation. On the second rotary device there is a holder, on which there is an inlet window of a radiation transfer channel, such as an optic-fibre channel, and its outlet window is fixed on the receiver of optical radiation, such as a spectrometer. |
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Method to manufacture resistance thermoelement Method is proposed to manufacture a resistance thermoelement, according to which after sealing of a glass jacket with a heat-sensitive element installed inside, a cassette is repeatedly brought near to a heater and after the specified time delay providing for glass softening, the cassette is removed to the initial position, and air is supplied into the vacuum chamber. After action of air the softened glass of the jacket is pressed to turns of the heat-sensitive element that contacts with it from inside and rigidly fixes them in the process of cooldown. To expand functional capabilities, an element of indirect heating is installed in the glass jacket in addition to the heat-sensitive element. |
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Method of temperature measurement In the proposed method for temperature measurement by sending a pulse of positive polarity to the inlet of electric circuit, comprising a thermistor, and registration of time interval, when a rectangular voltage pulse is sent to the inlet of the electric circuit, the pulse action is interrupted as the output signal of the electric circuit changes within a fixed interval of time compared to the fixed level of the outlet signal. The inlet pulse supply is recovered within the fixed interval of time as the outlet signal value reaches the fixed level, and the time interval is recorded between moments of removal and supply of the inlet pulse of positive polarity, and also the time interval is recorded between the moments of supply of inlet pulses of positive polarity. At the same time the pulse of negative polarity is supplied to the inlet of the electric circuit after interruption of action of the positive polarity pulse. |
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Method and system to correct signal of temperature measurement Proposed method includes a stage of digital modelling of temperature measured by a sensor (10), with application of a modelled signal (T2), the stage of evaluation of a lag error signal (elag) for the specified sensor on the basis of the modelled signal (T2) and the signal (T3), produced by means of filtration of the modelled signal, and the stage of correction of the measurement signal (T1), issued by the sensor (10), by means of the evaluated signal of lag error. The filter as the parameter has evaluation of the time constant (τ) of the sensor. The time constant of the sensor is evaluated depending on the time from the measurement signal (T1) and the modelled signal (T2). |
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Measurement device for measurement of parameters in molten masses Proposed device is designed for measurement of temperature in masses of molten metal or molten cryolite, having melting temperature of above 500°C. The device comprises optic fibre for reception of radiation from the molten mass and a cable drum comprising an outer circumference for reception of optic fibre and an inner space surrounded by this outer circumference. A distributor and a mode filter are arranged in the inner space of the cable drum. |
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Method to tighten coupled traction rods Coupled traction rods are fixed relative to the base with process pins, afterwards one traction rod is tightened with force control, then without control of force the second traction rod until total release of process pins from a clamp. For provision of even transfer of control torque it is necessary that axes passing via axes of rotation and traction rods of levers are perpendicular to plane of symmetry of the system. |
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Fibre-optic device of pressure measurement Device comprises wideband semiconductor light diodes, Y-shaped fibre-optic branches and Fabry-Perot cavities. One of Fabry-Perot cavities is designed for production of interference of light beams reflected from the surface of the membrane and the light guide end, under action of pressure and temperature of controlled medium at base distance between them. The second Fabry-Perot cavity is designed for production of interference of reflected light beams under temperature effect of the medium. The second fibre-optic outputs of branches are coupled with a recording unit, the photodetection ruler of which via the analogue-digital converter is connected to a processor of digital signals processing. Light guides of the first and second resonators are arranged in the body having two cavities, between which there is a membrane. One of cavities of the body communicates with the controlled medium and faces the central part of the membrane at the side opposite to its reflecting surface. In the other cavity of the body there are resonator light guides isolated from each other. |
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Membrane hot-wire anemometer comprises a heater and a thermal sensor, a gas filled tight cavity of crystal. The gas in the cavity has a range of thermal conductivity values of not higher than one tenth of membrane material thermal conductivity. The heater and the thermal sensor are arranged inside this cavity. The hot-wire anemometer may be used as a pressure sensor. |
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Method to test electronic printed circuit boards for mechanical effect Printed circuit board is fixed in a fixture, local load is applied to it perpendicularly to the printed circuit board surface with subsequent inspection of serviceability and determination of maximum displacement (bend) of the printed circuit board. Points of load application and a point with maximum displacement are determined by calculations according to envelopers of maximum values of movements from results of tests of a previously developed finite-element model of an instrument with a printed circuit board at all stages of regular operation, and the load value in each of selected points is determined in accordance with the formula. Selected points are loaded in series, controlling movements in other points, and if necessary, they increase movement in subsequent points, defining the maximum displacement in accordance with the formula. In the fixture for printed circuit board installation they provide for border conditions similar to conditions of printed circuit board fixation within the instrument. |
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Automated device for testing of flat structures Device comprises a power floor, an inflatable chamber, along the contour of which there are limiting elements, support elements attached to the power floor, and a compressor. Additionally it is equipped with movable frames arranged above the tested structure, a computer, a set of measurement sensors-piezoconverters, installed on the surface of the tested structure, and also fixed on movable frames, a pressure sensor of the inflatable chamber, a controller and an actuating device. At the same time the tested structure turned relative to the longitudinal axis by 180° is laid onto the inflatable chamber arranged directly on the power floor, support elements are installed above the tested structure. At the same time the process of loading and registration of readings of measurement devices is combined and automated. |
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Device comprises a tested model of a floating object, a water reservoir bottom simulator, anchor links to connect the model to the simulator of the bottom and equipped with rope dynamometers for measurement of tension forces in them, and a meter of linear and angular displacements of the selected point of the tested model. The model is made as consisting of two parts with different weight, to one of which that has the weight not exceeding 5% of the total mass of the model there are model anchor retention lines fixed, and which is connected to the remaining part of the model via a dynamometer designed to measure force of interaction between these parts. The method includes assembly of the model to the simulator of the water reservoir bottom with the help of the anchor retention system, measurement of linear and angular movements of the selected point of the model, tension in links of the anchor retention system with the help of rope dynamometers and determination of stiffness characteristic of links. Tests are done on a model made of two parts of different weight that are connected via a dynamometer between them, to the smaller part of which the anchor retention lines are fixed. After assembly of the model to the water reservoir bottom simulator they measure angles of anchor lines approach to the body of the tested model with absence of the external load, and in process of the experiment they measure a force, using a dynamometer, which arises between the specified parts of the tested model. In process of further processing of experiment results they determine the total force acting at the model at the side of the anchor retention system, afterwards they determine inertia characteristics of the model by calculations as the difference between appropriate values defined by readings of the dynamometer between parts of the tested model and the values calculated as total response of anchor links. |
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Bench for testing of tooth gears along closed circuit Bench comprises a drive, input and output shafts for installation of master and slave wheels of tooth gears with identical gear ratio accordingly, a loader connected to the shaft. The drive and the input shaft are connected with a pin coupling, master and slave wheels of two tested gears accordingly are installed onto inlet and outlet shafts. At the same time one of the shafts is made in the form of two hollow half-shafts, and the loader is made in the form of a torsion and a transverse-screw cap, one half-coupling of which is rigidly fixed on the outer end of one hollow half-shaft, and its second half-coupling is rigidly fixed with a torsion end protruding from the same hollow half-shaft, which is arranged inside hollow half-shafts and is rigidly fixed by one end on the outer end of the other hollow half-shaft. At the same time the bench is equipped with a thermometer and diagnostic equipment, and the drive is equipped with a current and voltage sensor and a device for measurement of frequency of motor rotation. |
Another patent 2513380.