Device and method for pre-heating of metal charge for smelting unit

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metallurgy, namely to the pre-heating and supply of a metal charge to a receiver of a smelting unit. The device includes at least a supply passage made so that the metal charge can be moved along it and supplied to the receiver. Above the supply passage there located is at least a cap restricting a tunnel, having a possibility of moving inside it of at least a part of flue gases leaving the above receiver. At least some section of the cap includes an expansion system located above at least some part of the metal charge and having a possibility of provision of expansion and retention of the flue gases inside it during the minimum required time comprising at least 1.5 seconds till the flue gases contact the above said metal charge.

EFFECT: use of the invention provides the combustion of unburnt gases and deposition on the metal charge of solid particles and dust of the flue gased.

17 cl, 9 dwg

Area of technology

The invention relates to an apparatus and corresponding method for feeding and preheating of the charge of metal such as scrap iron, hot or cold sponge iron (DRI), pig iron, etc., while the charge of the metal is then loaded into the receiver, which can be a melting furnace, for example an electric arc furnace.

The level of technology

The known device vibratory or oscillatory type for the filing of the charge of the metal in the melting receiver installation the receiver can be, for example, a melting furnace.

These known devices provide a segment of sufficient length to significant preheating of the charge of the metal during its flow through the flue gas leaving the kiln.

Any of the known devices comprises a supporting structure which includes a supply channel having an essentially U-shaped cross-section.

At least part of the inlet channel in the upper part is closed by one or more caps that forms a tunnel, inside which in the direction opposite to the advancing metal cages, flow emerging from the melting furnace flue gas pre-heating.

These known devices have drawbacks, because despite the large amount of flue gases, p�stepping into the tunnel, covering the inlet channel, with a relatively high temperature in the range 1300°C-1400°C, only the top layer metal cages, i.e. the layer directly heated by the flue gas stream may be heated accordingly. The lower part remains cold or moderately cold.

Consequently, a significant portion of the energy content of the flue gas is not used properly to heat the metal cages, and the flue gas leaving the preheating tunnel, having a still higher temperature, the charge of the metal comes out of the inlet channel at an average temperature less than 100°C, even if the upper layer has a higher temperature.

Also known device, for example from the patent WO-A-94/09332 or from IT-In-1359081 in which, to facilitate the distribution of the flue gas and therefore heat over the entire height of the charge of the metal, on the bottom or on the side walls of the inlet canal, an extraction device that allows you to capture a portion of the flue gases, forcing them to pass through metal cages from top to bottom. In these known solutions are capturing flue gases are then collected in the main outlet pipe.

In documents JP 8157930 A and DE 102008037111 disclosed other technical solutions for the inlet channel, intended for the filing of the charge of the metal in the melting furnace.

However, in known re�relations ordinary caps, limiting the tunnel are arranged to cover the inlet channel, limiting the space for passage of flue gases between the upper part of the mass of scrap and its internal surface.

Space for passage, therefore, has a volume that is not dependent on the internal volume of the melting furnace and the average number of generated flue gases, therefore, the flue gases pass at high speed and remain in contact with the metal loading only a short time.

Even a solution that provides clash of flue gases with metal loading, does not resolve the problem, since it entails overheating of the charge of the metal in the restricted area at the entrance to the furnace; in fact, overheating can cause local melting in cages or explosions, triggered by high temperatures and the fact that flue gas is not burned completely.

Local melting, especially if it occurs in an area where the charge enters the furnace, can cause the formation of dense blocks of metal cages, which is a cause of stop of the supply channel with the subsequent lengthy and complex maintenance work on the installation.

Another disadvantage of the known solutions is the fact that some gases present in flue gases, such as carbon monoxide (CO), remain unburned, so d�linesa cleaning of flue gases, as they get into the atmosphere.

Moreover, the high velocity of the flue gases during their passage through the tunnel contributes to the fact that the majority of suspended particles present in the flue gas remains in the flue gas stream, thus, and suspended particles of dust pass through the tunnel, which requires special action by filtration, and, if possible, capture the output from the installation, leading to increased costs and time in the production process and the management of the installation and its maintenance.

In addition, the high temperature at which the flue gases interact with the loading of the metal inside the tunnel, causes oxidation of the scrap, resulting in increased energy consumption for melting in a melting furnace; it is also a cause of loss of material and reduction of productivity by metal cages.

One of the purposes of the present invention to provide a high-performance device for feeding and preheating of the charge of metal in the smelting plant, that is, a device in which the transfer of thermal energy from flue gas to metal cages would be as high as possible, and at the same time, the scrap can be heated evenly, to the extent possible, preventing any oxidation.

Another objective of the present izobreteniya receiving device for feeding and preheating of the charge of the metal, which, essentially, allows the complete combustion of unburned gases and, preferably, the deposition on the metal cage of solid particles and dust present in the flue gases from the melting furnace.

Another objective of the present invention to provide a device that has lower costs of operation and maintenance compared with the known from the prior art counterparts.

Another objective of the present invention to provide a device that have less impact on the environment in which the pulverized products are largely filtered from the flue gases.

Summary of the invention

Below are independent claims, which characterize the present invention, the dependent claims disclose other features of the present invention or variants of realization of the basic inventive idea.

The feeder and pre-heating in accordance with the present invention is intended to supply primarily known way metal cages towards the receiver of the melting device in an amount which may reach and exceed 8 tons per minute. The device comprises at least a supply channel, along which the charge of the metal moving in the direction�Oia to the melting device.

The inlet channel includes a bottom wall on which layers of metal, and a side wall covering.

Over the intake channel in a known manner is at least a cap that limits the tunnel, inside of which the flue gases produced by a melting device, or a melting furnace, transported in a known manner for preheating the metal cages.

In one of the variants of realization of the claimed invention, at least one device segment or phase of the supply channel, preferably, the area bordering the entrance metal cages, in accordance with the side walls provided with means for exhausting gases, so that the latter passed through metal cages, carrying out preheating, essentially, a significant portion of its height.

At least on this segment or the area where the flue gases are passed through the side walls of the inlet channel, a tunnel or an expansion chamber located above a loading of metal in a certain place, communicating with the tunnel. Flue gases pass inside the expansion chamber, while their speed is significantly reduced, and they remain inside the expansion chamber, at least within the required minimum time, wherein the combustion flue gases, in substance, terminates�the worst of it.

The internal volume of the expansion chamber according to the present invention relates to an internal volume of the furnace and/or the amount of flue gases produced in the melting furnace, so that combustion gases inside the chamber are expanded so that there is a corresponding desired reduction in their speed, which promotes the release of particulate matter and dust that fall on the surface charge of the metal, returning to her inside the melting furnace.

For example, the flue gases can remain in the expansion chamber during a time period of 1.5 seconds to 6 seconds, preferably at least 2/3 seconds before their interaction with metal loading and passing through it.

The volume of the expansion chamber according to the present invention, as well as what is happening inside the extension of the flue gas in advance and allow to evenly distribute the weight of the flue gases over a large area metal cages, so their temperature is stabilized and becomes uniform and therefore ensures their uniform passage through the metal cages that enables extensive and significant heating of the metal cages.

According to one implementation variants of the claimed invention-section of the expansion chamber varies in the longitudinal direction decreases in the direction reverse movement of the flue gases.

For example, the extension defined by the expansion chamber, reduces the flue gas temperature from about 1300°C-1400°C at the inlet of the chamber to a temperature of approximately 800°C-1000°C upon interaction with metal loading. Also, for example, the velocity in the expansion chamber drops from approximately 40 m/s to a speed of approximately 6 m/s to 18 m/s, preferably, from about 10 m/s to 14 m/s. These speeds in accordance with the present invention may be supported as well as conditions to pass through metal cages.

These temperatures and reduced speed, and the fact that the flue gases pass through the moving metal cages, define uniform heating of the metal cages. The reduced temperature drastically reduces the possibility of localized melting metal cages.

It is possible to carry out uniform heating of the charge of the metal to a temperature of approximately 600°C-750°C.

Lowering the temperature is such that the accelerated oxidation phenomenon in metal cages are also reduced with a consequent reduction of energy consumption system for melting metal cages and increase the yield of the latter.

Just for example: when using the device according to the present invention we save on average priblizitel�but 30 kWh/t to about 60 kWh/t of electrical energy.

The solution according to the present invention allows at least drastically reduce the need for filtering and processing of flue gases before their release into the atmosphere.

The present invention also allows for the deposition on a metal cage to return inside the melting furnace some valuable elements, such as zinc (Zn) present in the solid particles and dust carried along with the gases.

Reduction filter, flue gas treatment and oxidation leads to cost reduction and time in the production process, management and maintenance of the installation.

The applicant found that the energy returned at the expense of the technical solution according to the present invention, reduces the duration of melting from release to release approximately 4-5 minutes, with a corresponding increase in plant performance.

According to one implementation options volume expansion chamber is in the range between approximately 200 m³and approximately 600 m³.

However, you must remember that this amount may change, as it is a function of the internal volume of the receiver and/or the amount of flue gases, as well as on the desired degree of expansion.

According to another implementation variant, the installation includes at least pravilnici, fitted with a side charging opening, which is suitable inlet channel in such a way as to enter inside the melting furnace metal cages. In this embodiment, the melting furnace usually has an upper outlet for the release of flue gases, the invention also provides a connecting pipe for the fluid between the outlet for the release of flue gases and expansion chamber, so that the combustion gases formed inside the melting furnace, includes directly into the expansion chamber, essentially bypassing the passage through the inlet channel.

In this embodiment, the charge solution of the metal remains essentially outside the scope of the hot flue gases escaping from the melting furnace, at least as long until they are subjected to expansion in the expansion chamber.

This solution allows to reduce the local melting of the charge of the metal, thus preventing the formation of blocks of metal cages, which can lead to obstruction of the inlet channel.

According to another implementation variant of the invention within the expansion chamber has multiple partitions, or other similar or comparable items that could set a mechanical obstacle during movement of the flue gases, causing the expansion and the release of particulate matter and dust.

According to another embodiment, the internal�ernesti at least one side wall and covering the walls are lined with an insulating layer, for example made of a refractory material to cause a change in the temperature of the flue gases after the expansion.

According to another embodiment, at least a portion of the inner surface of the expansion chamber is equipped with cooling means, for example a coil to cause a change in the temperature of the flue gases after the expansion.

According to another embodiment, at least provided the burner is located inside the expansion chamber to cause or accelerate the combustion gases, preferably in collaboration with the section of the inlet flue gas.

Another option was to exercise active control of the temperature of the gases at the entrance, there are one or more nozzles capable of spraying the required amount of water in the flue gas entering into the expansion chamber. This solution allows to reduce and regulate any possible temperature peaks flue gases that arise at various stages of the heat cycle.

According to another embodiment, the lateral funds for the flue gases contain at least an exhaust tube connected from the outside with the side walls of the inlet channel, wherein at least one exhaust pipe is integral with side walls of the inlet channel.

In another embodiment, at least about�on exhaust pipe connected to the flue gas inlet but independent from it, so that the conveyor can vibrate independently on the stages of filing of the charge of the metal.

Exhaust means, if possible, provided with means for regulating suction, can be preferably connected to an exhaust pipe in such a way as to maintain and regulate the flow of flue gases, and hence the temperature of the metal cages.

At least one of the side walls preferably include at least a hole or a slot, which connects the supply channel and the corresponding exhaust pipe for the discharge of combustion gases.

The hole or slot according to one of the variants may also use a portion of the lower wall of the expansion chamber to better regulate the residence time of the gases inside.

According to another embodiment with an exhaust pipe connected to the vibratory elements, can reduce the amount of dust and other impurities inside of the respective side sections.

Brief description of the drawings

These and other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, presented as a non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

- Fig.1 is a schematic side view of a smelting plant that applies the feeder and pre-heating according to n�present invention;

- Fig.2 - section II-II of Fig.1;

- Fig.3 is a section along III-III of Fig.1;

- Fig.4 is a schematic plan view of a fragment of the installation of Fig.1;

- Fig.5 is a fragment of Fig.1 according to one of the options;

- Fig.6 - one of the variants of the cross section shown in Fig.3;

- Fig.7 - one of the variants of Fig.4;

- Fig.8 - one of the variants of Fig.6;

- Fig.9 - one of the variants of Fig.6.

In the accompanying drawings, where possible, used the same numbers to designate common elements that are essentially identical. It is clear that the elements and characteristics of a single implementation can be easily used in another embodiment without further explanations.

Detailed disclosure of the preferred option implementation

In relation to the attached drawings, the number 10 designates a feeder and preheating entirely according to the present invention.

As shown in Fig.1, the device 10 is installed in the melting installation 11 essentially known type, equipped with a receiver, or a melting furnace, 12 (hereinafter called only a melting furnace 12), for example, electric arc furnace, in which one side through the inlet opening 14 serves your batch 13 metal, such as scrap iron, hot and cold sponge iron, cold pig iron, etc.

Remove�STV 10 according to the present invention makes it possible to transport and pre-heat your batch 13 of the metal prior to its submission to the melting furnace 12.

In this case, the installation 10 includes a boot module 15, in which you can place your batch 13 of the metal. After the boot module 15 is a device 10 for feeding and pre-heating, in which the charge 13 of metal is pre-heated before it is fed into the melting furnace 12.

The device 10 contains a supply channel 21, consistently interacting with the boot opening 14.

The inlet channel 21 includes a bottom wall 22, essentially horizontal, and two side walls 23 and 24, which in this case is limited, essentially U-shaped cross-section (Fig.2 and 3).

The charge 13 of the metal in this case is moving in the longitudinal direction of the supply channel 21 due to the vibration or oscillatory motion generated by any known vibrating device.

The device 10 also includes one or more caps 17 located above the intake channel 21 and limiting the tunnel 17A pre-heating when operating as an expansion chamber 18.

In particular, in accordance with the latest tunnel section 17A, i.e., the area near the entrance of the inlet channel 21 in the melting furnace 12, the caps 17 in this case have the side walls 20 and covering part of the wall 19, limiting the expansion chamber 18 of the intake channel 21.

Expansion chamber 18 may have different� cross-section, depending on manufacturing technologies and available space; it can also have a cross section the size of which decreases in the direction opposite to that in which is moving the charge 13 of the metal.

Expansion chamber 18 has a volume that allows flue gas to expand with the decrease of their velocity and temperature.

Inside the expansion chamber 18 may have one or more separating walls 16, which cause the expansion and acceleration of gases, followed by another extension that facilitates the deposition of dust particles.

The effect of the extension of the flue gases within the expansion chamber 18 is such that the speed is reduced to approximately 40 m/s to about 10 m/s to 14 m/s, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced from about 1300°C-1400°C at the outlet of the receiver or the melting furnace 12 to about 800°C-1000°C in contact with SADC 13 of the metal.

In addition, the low rate at which flue gases pass through the cages 13 metal, help with uniform contact with SADC 13 of the metal, which prevents local overheating.

As shown, for example, Fig.6, to the side walls 20 and covering the wall of the expansion chamber 19 18 attached cooling panels 35 consisting of a plurality of pipes through which cooling water flow.

� other embodiments implementing the claimed invention the side walls 20 and top wall 19 are composed of tubular elements, adjacent to each other and hermetically sealed along the length thereby to form the expansion chamber 18. In this case, the tubular elements serve not only as a cooling function, but also the sealing and flow of flue gases.

In other embodiments implementing the claimed invention the side walls 20 and top wall 19 are cooled by intensifying ribs, made on the respective outer surfaces to increase the heat transfer surface.

In the solution shown in Fig.6, on one of the side walls 20 are provided one or more pressure relief hatches 47 that provides the energy output due to possible explosions, which might occur in the expansion chamber 18.

In the same way (Fig.6, 8 and 9) of the covering wall 19 made inspection hatches 49, which provide access to the expansion chamber 18.

Inside the expansion chamber 18 (Fig.1) operates the burner, shown schematically, which provides the afterburning of unburned gases escaping from the melting furnace 12.

Also provided feed tube 34 for supplying atomized water to actively regulate the temperature of the flue gases, controlled by temperature sensors located along the expansion chamber 18.

The device 10 contains a supply channel 28 located in affect�, to connect the fourth hole of the melting furnace 12 with the expansion chamber 18.

The inlet channel 28 with a closed inlet 14 to supply essentially all of the flue gases formed inside the melting furnace 12, directly into the expansion chamber 18.

The ratio between the useful surface of the passageway of the inlet channel 28 and the cross-sectional dimensions of the expansion chamber 18 is such that the conditions of expansion of the flue gases within the expansion chamber 18 is obtained as disclosed above.

According to another implementation variant (Fig.5), instead of using the inlet channel 28, a set of melting furnace 12 has a side opening 55, which is directly connected to the first section 56 of the expansion chamber 18. In particular, the first section of the expansion chamber 56, in essence, extends in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the charge 13 of metal, which contributes to the desired extension flue gases escaping from the melting furnace 12 and is located directly above the discharge end section of the supply channel 21.

The first section 56, as disclosed with reference to Fig.6, has a cooling panels 35 for cooling the surface from the outside.

This embodiment has more advantages than other types of connections between� melting furnace 12 and the intake channel 21, since, the load due to curvature of the pipe, tight areas, etc. are greatly reduced, and also reduces the loss of heat due to the fact that the flue gases pass directly into the expansion chamber 18, directly facing SADC metal that is not yet loaded into the melting furnace 12.

Preferably, along the entire length of the tunnel 17A, the side of the side walls 23 and 24 of the supply channel 21 is provided by the exhaust pipe 25 and 26 (Fig.2, 3, 5 and 6), which defines between them a Central compartment supply channel ponds 13 of the metal.

In addition, the exhaust pipes 25 and 26 are side walls 23 and 24.

In a variant implementation, shown in Fig.2 and 3 and 9, the exhaust pipe 25 and 26 form a single unit with the intake channel 21.

In a variant implementation, shown in Fig.6 and 9, the exhaust pipes 25 and 26 are independently connected to the intake channel 21.

In this case, to connect with each other and exhaust pipes 25 and 26 is provided with corresponding hydraulic lock 50 of a known type.

In another embodiment (Fig.8) exhaust pipes 25 and 26 are rigidly mounted to the base of the entire plant 10, while the inlet channel 21, as mentioned, is subjected to oscillatory or vibratory effects to transport material. This solution allows you to maintain both exhaust pipes 25 and 26 is essentially motionless, to reduce mechanical�ski load due to the movement of the inlet channel 21.

Preferably, each of the exhaust pipes 25 and 26 has the appropriate inspection hatches 36 intended for selective inspection of the exhaust pipes 25 and 26 and/or internal maintenance and cleaning.

The side walls 23 and 24 of the exhaust pipes 25 and 26 are of throughput openings or slots 30 at some distance from each other (Fig.4) that allows us to remove the flue gases laterally from the Central portion 38 of the inlet channel in the direction of the exhaust pipes 25 and 26.

In the solution shown in Fig.4 and 7, the throughput of the hole 30 is made as, or contain, means providing an output of flue gases, but at the same time preventing jamming of metal cages.

The throughput of the hole 30 is made in the side walls 23, 24 (Fig.6), and in other embodiments, the implementation can be performed at least partially on the bottom wall 22.

In this case, provided vibrating means 32 and 33, interacting with exhaust pipes 25 and 26 (Fig.3) to prevent, or at least to limit the deposition of dust or other impurities within them.

In another embodiment (Fig.9) the connection between the inlet 21 and outlet pipes 25 and 26 is accomplished by means of a mechanical labyrinth seal 51, comprising two separating element 53, which are essentially parallel to the lateral walls 23 � 24 of the inlet channel 21, rigidly connected with the lower part of each of the exhaust pipes 25 and 26 and I have a height lower than the side chamber 27 and 29.

In this embodiment the side walls 23 and 24 can have a throughput of the hole 30, as mentioned above, or running continuously along the entire length of the hole and only in the lower part of the side walls 23 and 24.

Flue gases, which are absorbed inside and passed through the scrap, forced to go through the labyrinth passage, which reduces the velocity of the gases so that a certain amount of dust and small fragments of the charge of metal is deposited on the bottom wall 22 of the inlet channel 21, thus providing a first filtering of the flue gases before they are cleaned.

Each of the exhaust pipes 25 and 26 are connected to the pipe 37, 39, and a discharge flue gases.

In the example shown here, the outlet pipe 37, 39 converge in the exhaust pipe 40 connected to the smoke extraction installation of known type.

The exhaust pipe 40 also connects the expansion chamber 18 with smoke extraction installation, which determines the required vacuum to pull the flue gases.

Within each of the discharge pipes 37 and 39 is a valve 43 is capable of selectively actuated to regulate the amount of flue gas drawn through outlet pipe 37 and 39.

In this case, the required pulling the gases through the outlet pipe� 37 and 39 can be guaranteed, that allows you to adjust the preheating temperature of the charge 13 of the metal depending on the type of cages used 13 of the metal.

The exhaust pipe 40 is also equipped with a suitable valve 45 capable of selectively actuated to regulate the heat exchange between flue gases and SADC 13 of the metal.

Selective opening of the valves 43 and 45 allows the use of device 10 for different modes of heating scrap, possibly adjusting the penetration in your batch 13 of metal or just passing flue gases inside the expansion chamber 18.

In accordance with the zone where the load 13 of the metal is inside the tunnel 17A, the device 10 also comprises a stationary sealing device 46 of a known type and/or dynamic type.

The device 10, as described here operates as follows.

By bringing into action smoke extractors, located upstream from the exhaust pipe 40, inside the connecting pipes 28 a flow of flue gas generated in the melting furnace 12, which can then get inside the expansion chamber 18.

When the gases reach the expansion chamber 18, the velocity and temperature decrease.

Under the action of suction, the flue gases pass through exit openings 30, performed along the tunnel 17A, near the bottom of the walls�and 22 of the inlet channel 21, passing, therefore, through moving your batch 13 metal from top to bottom.

By adjusting the opening of valves 43 and 45 depending on the type of cages 13 metal can be adjusted and the heating temperature of the charge 13 of the metal.

Due to the fact that the flue gases pass through the cross section of the charge 13 of metal is achieved essentially uniform heating of the charge 13 of the metal with the optimal use of heat energy of the flue gases.

It is clear that the disclosed here, the device 10 can be made with modifications and/or additional parts and that the person skilled in the art can certainly get a lot of other equivalent variants of the device for feeding and preheating transported to the smelting installation of an iron scrap having features disclosed in the following claims and, therefore, are included in the scope of protection defined in this document.

For example, according to another implementation variant of a carrying hole 30 may be adjustable depending on the type of cages 13 metal value or may contain a protective grid prevents the ingress of exhaust pipes 25 and 26 of the charge particles 13 of the metal.

1. Device for preheating the charge (13) of the metal sent to the receiver (12) of the melting unit (11), steriade�, at least the supply channel (21), is arranged to move along thereon to a specified charge (13) of the metal with its delivery to the specified receiver (12), wherein on the said intake channel (21) is at least a cap (17) which limits the tunnel (17A), made with the possibility of promotion within it, at least part of the flue gases emerging from the specified receiver (12) and facing the upper part of the charge (13) metal, and the specified inlet channel (21) contains a bottom wall (22) and two side walls (23, 24), forming an essentially U-shaped cross-section, characterized in that at least the area specified cap (17) in accordance with the specified area of the tunnel (17A) near the entrance of the inlet channel (21) to the specified receiver (12) contains the expansion chamber (18) located above at least part of the specified cages (13) metal and made with the possibility of expansion and retention within it of these flue gases within the minimum required time of at least 1.5 seconds before the entry of the flue gas into contact with a specified loading (13) metal, wherein the device comprises a supply channel (28) or side opening (55) in the body of the receiver (12), who/which provide the connection of the specified receiver (12) with the specified expand�encourages creativity camera (18), moreover, these side side walls (23, 24) exhaust pipe (25, 26), and, at least in the longitudinal part of the supply channel (21) formed by outlet openings (30) for the flue gases along these side walls (23, 24), with the possibility of ensuring the vesting of the flue gases to the exhaust pipes (25, 26).

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal volume of the specified expansion chamber (18) is a function of at least the amount generated in the receiver (12) of the flue gas to the flue gases remain inside the specified expansion chamber (18), at least for the minimum necessary time.

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the volume expansion chamber (18) defined with the possibility of providing extended retention of flue gases inside it during the interval from approximately 1.5 seconds to approximately 6 seconds.

4. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the volume expansion chamber (18) is between approximately 200 m³up to approximately 600 m³.

5. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said expansion chamber (18) has a cross section with decreasing dimensions in the direction opposite to the direction of advancement of the charge (13) meta�La.

6. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that inside the expansion chamber (18) is made of several elements or baffles (16), providing a mechanical obstacle during movement of the flue gases and/or cascading extension flue gases.

7. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the inner surfaces (19, 20) expansion chamber (18) is isolated.

8. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the surfaces (19, 20) expansion chamber (18) has cooling means (35).

9. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inside of the expansion chamber (18) provided with means (34) for supplying atomized water.

10. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the exhaust pipe (25, 26) connected to the intake channel (21), performed separately from the exhaust pipes (25, 26).

11. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the exhaust pipe (25, 26) connected to the exhaust means(37, 39, 40).

12. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the exhaust pipes (25, 26) are connected with vibration elements (32, 33).

13. Method preheat cages (13) of the metal supplied to the receiver (12) of the melting unit (11) including the submission phase, where the specified cages (13) of the metal is moved countercurrent to the direction of said receiver (12), along, by IU�Isha least supply channel (21), while in the tunnel (17A) from the top travel hot flue gases emerging from the specified receiver (12), characterized in that it contains at least a phase of expansion of these hot flue gases, which make them slow down and expand within the expansion chamber (18) acting at least on the plot of the charge (13) metal, longitudinal near the specified receiver (12), these flue gases are subjected to expansion and hold the inside of the specified expansion chamber (18) for the minimum necessary time gap of at least 1.5 seconds before their contact with SADC (13) metal, to ensure reduction of flue gas temperature from 1300°C to 1400°C at the inlet into the expansion chamber (18) to a temperature of 800°C-1000°C during their contact with SADC (13) of the metal and reduce the rate of flue gas from 40 m/s to 6 m/s to 18 m/s.

14. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that provide interaction between the flue gases, at least at the inlet into the expansion chamber (18), with flame burner for post-combustion of unburned gases.

15. A method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that provide interaction between the flue gases in the expansion chamber (18) with water, spray infeed means (34).

16. A method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the time during which the flue gases remain in �assyriennes chamber (18), regulate by regulating means (43, 45).

17. A method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the flue gases in the expansion chamber (18) is subjected to extension at least twice due to the presence of baffles (16).