Device for zonal heating of cryogenic control apparatus. RU patent 2521102.
 Apparatus for controlling heating of heat-dissipating glass / 2497313Invention relates to an apparatus for controlling heating of a heat-dissipating glass, which transmits a sinusoidal signal in accordance with the size of the heat-dissipating glass such that the sinusoidal signal is transmitted at a moment in time when current of the sinusoidal signal is equal to zero, and transmission of the sinusoidal signal stops at a moment in time when current of the sinusoidal signal is equal to zero. The signal is transmitted to the heat-dissipating glass so as to control power supply taking into account the load created by the heat-dissipating glass, and the moment the sinusoidal signal passes through zero is determined using a phase detection portion, and heat control portion generates a control signal so that the signal is transmitted at a moment in time when current of the sinusoidal signal is equal to zero, and also transmission of the sinusoidal signal stops at a moment in time when current of the sinusoidal signal is equal to zero, and then transmits the control signal to a former, and the signal transmitted from the power supply portion is transmitted through the signal former to the heat-dissipating glass, and each signal transmitted to each heat-dissipating glass can be transmitted in different periods of time. |
 Circuit for heating conductor control and method for heating element control / 2491795Circuit (1) for heating conductor control used to regulate AC power supply to the heating element (21) connected to it contains a breaker (31) having at least three switching states regarding power supplied to the heating element (21), for example two half-waves are connected, positive and negative half-wave is switched off and both half-waves are switched off, and control device (32) to define temperature of the heating element (21) and to select a switching state of the breaker (31) depending on temperature and/or temperature mode set by a user. |
 Device with ptk resistor / 2488983Invention refers to heating device (10), as well as to a ground transport vehicle or an aircraft containing one or more heating devices (10), containing many PTK resistors (30) and at least one alternating voltage source connected to PTK resistors; PTK resistors (30) have such dimensions that voltage drop on PTK resistor (30) does not exceed the value of 40 V/mm, PTK resistors (30) are adjacent to one or more heat transfer zones (40); heat transfer zones (40) include many adjoining air channels. |
 Heating element with temperature control / 2479952Heating device includes a heating element, a heat pipeline and the first and the second converters of the temperature control, which are in direct contact with the heat pipeline; at that, the first converter of the temperature control is located at the first distance from the heating element; the second converter of the temperature control is located at the second distance that is shorter than the first one from the heating element; actuation threshold of the first converter of the temperature control is less than actuation threshold of the second converter of the temperature control. The other aspect of the invention is the heating method using the heating device and manufacturing method of the heating element. |
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Refrigerating and/or freezing device / 2478172 Plant includes two refrigerating and/or freezing devices installed near each other, or a refrigerating and/or a freezing device that is installed near the wall. Refrigerating and/or freezing device includes at least one heating element to prevent condensate formation. Heating element is not insulated with foamed material and located at least on one outer side of the device, which is directed to adjacent device or to the wall, or in the area of the above side. Heating element is a component of a modular system that can be further installed at least on one outer side of the device or in its area. Plant includes two refrigerating and/or freezing devices installed near each other, or a refrigerating and/or a freezing device that is installed near the wall, at least with one heating element to prevent condensate formation. Heating element is not insulated with foamed material and located at least on one outer side of the device, which is directed to adjacent device or to the wall, or in the area of the above side; heating element is the component of the modular system, which can further be installed in the mentioned area of the device. |
 Method for regulation of steam installation in home appliance / 2442849The invention relates to method of regulation of steam installation in home appliances, where the steam installation produces water steam, in particular, hot steam of overheated steam. Water steam is fed to the processing section, specifically, to the drum. The said steam installation comprises at least one steam generator with heating element and water feeding means. The steam generator temperature is measured, specifically, the surface temperature and/or the heating element temperature, and in normal operating mode the heating element of water feeding means are regulated in such a manner so the measure temperature is kept within the given lower and upper limits. The normal operation mode comprises the first stage and the second stage, furthermore, in the first stage which begins after reaching the given lower temperature limit until reaching the given upper temperature limit the heating element is active and the water feeding means feed the water with the given volume flow, which is the fixed second volume flow or the volume flow which is changed accoring to the measured temperature in the given second dependence. In the second phase of normal operating mode which which begins after reaching the given upper temperature limit until reaching the given lower temperature limit the heating element is deactivated or its heat reduced in comparison with the first phase, and the water feeding means feed the water with the given third volume flow or the volume flow which is changed in accordance with the measured temperature in the third dependence. The second phase duration is measured, compared with the given duration value, and if the measured value differs from the given value more than the given difference value, the troubleshooting service begins. |
 Heat generating electrode and method of its manufacture / 2439448Heat generating electrode is made in the form of conductive plate (1) with one side coated by heat generating substances consisting of layer (2) of powdered homogenous mixture of polycrystalline substances covered by electroinsulating oxide film (3). During manufacture of electrode the following mixture is made with mass fractions (wt %) of calcinated magnesia oxide - 10-30, rubidium chloride 16-20, cesium chloride 5-15, ferrous oxide 10-14, iron oxide 10-14, granite 20-36. Components are powered up to size of particles less than 50 mcm and mixed. Ready mixture is mixed up with water up to pasty consistency. One layer of the mixture is applied to surface of one or two sides of electrode. Pin-point welding of each layer is made. Protruding irregularities of ready coating are removed. Coated electrode is conditioned at muffle furnace at 800°C during 2 hours. Electrode coating is baked till non-conductive oxide film is formed at the surface. |
 Heating element with power control for liquids / 2406274Heating element with controlled power for liquids includes housing, disconnecting device coupled with temperature sensor and mains. The housing of heating element is made of stainless steel in the form of truncated cone or part of sphere and installed up side down and represented as a vessel bottom. Insulating glass ceramic layer is located on the outer surface. Apart from the lower cone cross section or top part of the sphere having cross section diametre no more than 20% of large diametre of heating element bottom, metal ceramic resistor (7) with temperature sensor (8) is installed on the outer surface. There is a shield inside truncated cone or part of sphere, which is made from sheet material capable of withstanding liquid boiling temperature and ensure permanent clearance no less than 3 mm between heating element surface contacting liquid and shield. In addition, there is an opening in the top part of the shield (4), which diametre coincides the diametre of the part of heating element, which is not covered with resistance layer. The electrical diagram of heating element includes unit (9), which controls power of heating element (7) regulated by temperature sensor (8), installed on the surface of metal ceramic resistor (7). |
 Electric heating element with thermal switch (versions) / 2400943Invention relates to electric heating elements intended for equipment of tubular electric heaters (THE) protected against overheating. Four versions of electric heating element design with thermal switch are proposed, where the element comprises heater made of metal wire with high specific electric resistance, in the form of helical spatial spiral, and thermal switch, having thermal link arranged in the form of tube from fusible metal alloy and compensator made of metal wire with high specific electric resistance. In the first version of design thermal switch comprises electric terminal made of metal wire, end of which is connected to end of thermal link, and contact made from metal tube, end of which is partially placed onto other end of thermal link and is connected to it. Compensator of thermal switch is arranged in the form of stepped spatial spiral, narrowed part of which is introduced into other end of contact and is connected to it. Electric terminal is introduced with its other end to end part of heater and is connected to it. In the second version of design thermal link is partially inserted by its one end into end portion of compensator at the side of turns connected to each other and is connected to it, by its other end it is connected to electric terminal. Electric terminal is introduced with its other end to end part of heater and is connected to it. In the third version of design thermal link is partially inserted by its one end into end portion of compensator, and is connected to it, by its other end it is connected to electric terminal end. By its other end electric terminal is introduced into end part of heater and is connected to it. In the fourth version of design thermal link of thermal switch is arranged as closed at one end, other end of thermal link is inserted into end part of compensator and is connected to it. End of heater is placed onto closed end of thermal link and is connected to it. |
 Heating device of electric appliance with water conduit for operation on running and/or contaminated water / 2394397Invention refers to heating device of appliance with water conduit for operation on running and/or contaminated water, namely for electric household appliances, such as washing or dishwashing machine; at that, heating device has at least one heating element, and this heating element is located on or in water conduit; at that, water conduit wall has the hole in the heater zone and conductivity metre is also provided, which is installed so that it is in the zone of that hole or protrudes through the hole inside water conduit. |
 Electric heating element (alternatives) / 2246186Heating element of first design alternate has high-resistivity metal wire spiral, heat-responsive section in the form of easy-melting metal alloy tube, metal plug inserted in spiral at its end disposed on heat-responsive section end, and contact in the form of metal tube secured thereon, partially fitted onto heat-responsive section, and rigidly fixed thereto. Spiral turns are joined together on length from end of spiral to at least plug to form rigid part of spiral. This rigid part is partially fitted onto heat-responsive section and joined to the latter so that distance through symmetry axis between rigid part of spiral and contact ensures opening of heating element circuit when heat-responsive section temperature exceeds critical value equal to melting point of its material. As an alternative, heat-responsive section may be soldered to metal plug. Heating element of second design alternate has two high-resistivity metal wire spirals and heat-responsive section is installed on two ends just as in first design alternate. |
 Defrosting timer / 2246803Proposed defrosting timer has power supply, time counter, heater, end-of-defrosting sensor, compressor, first rectifier, first and second dropping components, and three-contact relay; movable contact of the latter is connected to second pole of power supply; count input of time counter is connected through heater to second fixed contact of relay and through end-of-defrosting sensor, to first pole of power supply. Common lead of time counter is connected to first fixed contact of relay and through compressor, to first pole of power supply. Inputs of first rectifier are inserted between fixed change-over contacts of three-contact relay through first dropping component; output of first rectifier is connected to that of time counter through series-connected threshold element and relay coil. Newly introduced in timer is second rectifier one of whose inputs is connected through second dropping component to second pole of power supply, and its other input is connected to first fixed contact of relay; second rectifier output is connected to time counter output also through series-connected threshold element and relay coil. |
 Continuous operation electric boiler / 2254690Main parts of boiler are organized in a new way inside its case. Boiling chamber is placed inside boiled water collector and it has stationary bottom provided with holes for mounting and fixing electric-heater elements. Reflector is made in form of glass and is disposed inside boiling chamber coaxially with the chamber. Axes of boiling chamber of boiled water collector are shifted relatively each other as well as relatively axis of supplying box to one side. Float units are mounted inside free space between boiling chamber and supplying box. Automatic starting unit is disposed under bottom of boiled water collector; the starting unit is connected with water level control detector disposed in supplying box and in boiled water collector. Starting unit is made in form of magnet-controlled contact. |
 Thawing timer on base of half-wave rectifiers / 2256289Timer includes time counter 1; three-contact electromagnetic relay 2; threshold unit 3; power supply rectifiers 4,5; switching contacts of relay 8; hater 9; thawing ending sensor 10, compressor 11, poles 12, 13 of power source. Use of two half-wave rectifiers allows to arrange circuit elements closer one relative to other while satisfying safety demands. |
 Domestic electric heating device / 2256301Device includes heating unit 1 connected in series with connection electric cord 2, with power supply breaker 3 and with plug 4 for connection with mains. Power supply breaker 3 is connected with pickup 5 detecting change of electric cord position. Pickup 5 and electric cord are mutually combined in the same sheath 6. Breaker 3 includes connected in series one to other circuit 7 for analyzing resistance and detecting resistance change of pickup; OR-gate 8, timer 9, power switch 10. |
 Method for enhancing efficiency of electrode boiler and apparatus for performing the same / 2256302Method comprises steps of controlling boiler operation at initial stage according to consumed electric current by controlling liquid supply to boiler; after achieving predetermined temperature of liquid in heating system or air temperature in room controlling boiler operation according to temperature. Apparatus for performing the method includes microcomputer with power source, temperature pickups, pickup for measuring electric current consumed by boiler, unit for displaying and parameter inlet, circuit for measuring consumed current, pump control switch, buffer device for controlling circuits of electric boiler, emergency signaling unit. |
 Method for controlling group of electric-heating devices / 2259022Method includes connection of group of electric heating means of consumer to common electric power grid with limited load capacity, with use of control block, performing control of operation of electric-heating devices in preset order, adjusting total power of electric-heating devices. |
 Device for heating and/or boiling of liquid / 2264615The device (D) has a vessel (V) for L, heating element (HE) and a control system of the HE. The control system (CS) has a primary transducer and an actuating member. The novelty is in making of the primary transducer in the form of a sensor (S) for measurement of the physical quantity characterizing the property of L, for example, of the conductance, dielectric constant, it is positioned in point V or HE. The device may have a means of protection of HE against excess of temperature and consumed current installed in contact with HE. The CS is installed on the HE. The vessel in the device may be made of the flow-through type, and the HE - of the immersion type. |
 Adjustable cable heater / 2267237Adjustable cable heater has adjuster, connecting cables, connecting sleeves and at least one heating cable, ends of which via connecting sleeves are connected to first ends of connecting cables, and second ends of connecting cables are connected to adjuster. In accordance to invention heating cable has at least one additional wire of electric-conductive material, and cable cover is made of material with temperature-depending electro-physical properties. Ends of additional wire are connected to adjuster. |
 Electric heating element protective device / 2274921Proposed protective device designed for overload and overtemperature protection of electric heating element has temperature controller installed in insulating base and connected by means of its leads to external plug and to electric earing element. Bimetal sensing element contacts flange of electric heating element and is pressed to the latter by means of temperature-controller flexible leads. |
FIELD: heating.
SUBSTANCE: device for zonal heating of a cryogenic control apparatus, for example, of a shutting off element which comprises a hollow casing 1 fixed in the housing of a cryogenic cavity, a stem 2 mounted inside the casing, movable along it and connected by one end to the output of the stem travelling drive 3 and by the other end - to a shutting off element 4 which provides for the change of the flow passage section in the pipeline where liquefied gas is transported. At least one resistance heating element 11 and temperature sensor 12 are mounted on the outer side of the control apparatus casing 1. The heating element 11 and the temperature sensor 12 can be mounted on the drive 3 case as well. Additionally the device comprises a voltage regulator 13, a temperature selector 14 and a control device 15 connected by its first input to the output of the temperature selector, by its second input - to the output of the temperature sensor and by its output to the control input of the voltage regulator with the power input of the latter being connected to the input of a power supply source 16. For easier installation on the apparatus casing 1 the heating element 11 can be made annular and detachable in axial direction.
EFFECT: invention provides for uninterrupted equipment operation.
3 cl, 2 dwg
The device relates to the field of cryogenic engineering and is intended for heating of regulatory apparatus used in cryogenic technologies.
A device for zonal heating, containing heating elements, connected to the power source is placed in the detachable along the casing, consisting of two parts, the form of heating elements repeats the shape of the heated object, the heating elements are connected with one hand with current contact, on the other hand - with the cover of the housing electrically connected with each other.
The disadvantage of this device is the need for Assembly operations when you change the heated object.
The closest is the device for transfer of liquefied gas, in particular, regulating valves, containing fixed in the casing cryogenic vessels hollow body, inside of which is a movable along the housing stock that is associated with one end with the release of the travel drive shaft and the other with the valve plate that modifies the initial section of the pipeline, through which flows the liquefied gas (V.P. Belyakov Cryogenic techniques and technology. - M: Energoatomizdat, 1982, p.52 - 54).
The disadvantage of this device is that when the temperature and humidity of the environment the elements of cryogenic regulatory apparatus at the temperature inside the device order - 180 C, outside of cryogenic vessels, obledenelaya. At low temperatures and high humidity ice is formed not only on external surfaces of apparatus, but in the bearings which move the moving parts of the machine. This causes jamming of mobile elements and can lead to loss of its capacity, up to the failure. This shortcoming is particularly evident after long-term operation of cryogenic plant.
The technical problem solved by the proposed device is to ensure the desired temperature distribution of the parts for its entire length, which excludes the buildup and jamming of mobile connections and the possibility of installation of a heating system in the running equipment without disassembly.
Technical effect of bringing continuous operation of cryogenic equipment, is achieved by the fact that in the known device, containing the fixed into the casing cryogenic vessels hollow body regulating apparatus, inside which there are movable along the housing stock that is associated with one end with the release of the travel drive shaft and the other with a locking element valve that changes the initial section of the pipeline, which runs liquefied gas, outside the governing body of the device is determined resistive heating element and temperature sensor, and also introduced a voltage regulator unit and temperature regulating device connected to the first input to output the temperature setter, second entrance to the output of the temperature sensor, and outputs - control input voltage regulator, connected to a power input to the power supply.
In addition, the proposed device, the heater element can be performed split along the axis of the body.
The proposed device can also be supplemented installed on the outer side of the drive chassis temperature sensor and resistive heating element, similar to the above, and entered the United similarly previously entered regulating device, unit of temperature and voltage regulator.
Know the use of resistive electric heaters and automatic temperature controllers for heating various industrial facilities (see, for example, Automatic control of electric heating units: Textbook for universities /Amoration, Kmmainview, Umerenom and others; edited by Adivinanzas. - M: Energoatomizdat, 1990, s-207). The use of resistive heaters with systems of automatic control of temperature of the authors do not know.
The device is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 schematically shows a section of the wall of the camera in the place of installation of the regulatory system, as figure 2 - block diagram of the temperature controller.
The device for heating of cryogenic regulatory apparatus (figure 1) contains fixed in the casing cryogenic vessels hollow body regulating apparatus 1, inside which there are mobile in the axial direction of the housing stock 2, connected one end with a drive output 3 move the rod and the other with a locking element 4 that modifies the initial section of the pipeline 5, through which flows in cryogenic vessels liquefied gas with temperature Q NR ranging - 130-180°North Arrows in figure 1 shows the flow of gas in the pipeline is 5. Cryogenic Luggage in the drawing is not included, since its form (in the form of a cylinder or prism) does not affect the substance of the proposals. Figure 1 shows a fragment of a shell (wall) cryogenic chamber, consisting of 6 internal and external 7 of the walls, the space between them filled with bulk insulating material 8, for example perlite. In cryogenic chamber between the inner and outer walls allocated cavity to accommodate regulatory apparatus (cylindrical or prismatic forms that are insignificant), hermetically separated from the walls 6 and 7 of the cryogenic chamber shell 9, which is also filled with insulating material 10 (e.g. glass wool). Hollow body 1 regulatory apparatus is installed inside the cavity formed by shell 9 and walls 6, 7 cryogenic chamber. From the outside of the housing 1 regulatory apparatus is determined resistive heating element 11 and temperature sensor 12. The number of heating elements can be arbitrary and is determined on the one hand, the power needed to heat the vehicle to the desired temperature, and on the other dimensions of the heating elements 11 and the volume of the cavity in which hosted the regulatory apparatus
To maintain the required temperature of the housing 1 regulatory apparatus entered the voltage regulator 13, temperature setter 14 and regulating device 15. First entrance-regulating devices 15 is connected to the output of the temperature setter 14, the second device input 13 is connected to the output of the temperature sensor 12, and the output is with the control input voltage regulator 13, connected a power input to power supply 16 (figure 2).
For convenience of installation of each heating element 11, covering housing 1 unit, it is advisable to perform a split in the direction of the axis of the body.
At low temperatures Q n environment and high humidity may be useful to install on drive housing 3 additional heating elements 17 and temperature sensors 18, similar to the main heating elements 11 and 12 sensors. The scheme of connection to power supply 16 additional heater 17 similar scheme of connection of main heating elements 11 (see figure 1).
The device works as follows. In working cryogenic installation of liquefied gas has a temperature ranging - 130 -180 C, while the outside temperature may range from -40 to +40 degrees C. In freezing temperatures, low humidity and good insulation icing moving parts of the phone, as a rule, does not occur. But the increased humidity and a temperature drop of the environment is the icing mobile elements inside its body and outside. To ensure the health of the regulatory apparatus when the temperature of the environment on its body 1 it is proposed to establish one or more heating element 11 and temperature sensor 12, placing it at some distance from the heating element. A cavity bounded on one side by the housing of the control device, on the other shell 9 cryogenic chamber, as a rule, is limited and difficult to install any additional items because there are different kinds of support that is holding the device in a cryogenic chamber.
For convenience of installation of the heating element 11 in the current cryogenic installation it is advisable to perform in the form of a split along the axis of the body regulating apparatus 1 and densely covering the last ring, axial and radial size of which are determined by the distance between holding the housing of the control unit 1 supports and the diameter of technological cavity that surrounds the body. For these reasons, it may be preferable to establish some of the heating elements 11 smaller length and diameter than one of the same power. In addition, the installation of several heaters allows to ensure a better distribution of the temperature along the unit length, which is beneficial to his health. After installation of the heating elements 11 and 12 thermocouples cavity around the body regulating apparatus 1 fill teploizoljatsionnym with a material, such as mineral wool, not interacting with oxygen.
Maintaining the required temperature distribution of the housing 1 regulatory apparatus prevents seizing of the rolling stock items 2 and ensures reliable operation of the locking element 4 changing the temperature and humidity of the ambient air in a wide range.
To ensure the functionality of the device when the temperature of the environment will need to adjust the power and coming on the heating element 11, thus keeping the given temperature of the body regulating apparatus 1. The maintenance of required temperature of the housing 1 regulatory apparatus is provided with automatic temperature control, including (for each heating element 11) voltage regulator 13, regulating device 15, temperature setter 14 and temperature sensor 12. The voltage regulator 13 connected to a power input to power supply 16 (mains AC), and managing input - to output-regulating devices 15. Regulating device 15 compares the signal 0 3 coming from the temperature setter 14, signal 0 feedback temperature sensor 12, located on the frame 1 of the device. Output regulating devices 15 produced signal, proportional to the temperature difference ΔΘ=Q C-Q, which provides control of the power supplied to the heating element 11. As follows from the above expressions, the temperature change Q housing 1 regulatory apparatus when the temperature of the environment will lead to a change of power coming into the heating element and, therefore, will lead to the restoration of the set temperature mode of the device.
Currently, the voltage regulator 13 runs on thyristors and produced serially. Regulating device 15 is usually in the form of series-produced programmable microprocessor controller, in which the operator is given on the display to the desired temperatures Q C . As the temperature sensor 12 advisable to use a standard thermocouple, for example chromel-Kopelev. Thus, implementation of the temperature controller is easy and is running on the serial purchase the items.
1. Device for zonal heating cryogenic regulatory apparatus containing fixed in the casing cryogenic vessels hollow body regulatory apparatus inside which is placed movable along the housing stock that is associated with one end with the release of the travel drive shaft and the other with a locking element 4 that modifies the initial section of the pipeline, wherein outside the governing body of the device is determined resistive heating element and temperature sensor, and also introduced a voltage regulator unit and temperature regulating device connected to the first input to output the temperature setter, a second input - to the output of the temperature sensor, and the output is to control input voltage regulator, connected to a power input to the power supply.
2. The device of claim 1, characterized in that the heating element is made of the ring and plug in the axial direction.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein on the outer side of the drive chassis is installed temperature sensor and resistive heating element, and entered the United similarly previously entered regulating device, unit of temperature and voltage regulator.