Device for changing snowpack into liquid phase |
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IPC classes for russian patent Device for changing snowpack into liquid phase (RU 2520731):
 Method of melting snow in vacuum cleaning of areas / 2516280
Invention relates to methods for forced melting snow and ice mass in the winter season. The method is implemented by the use of the system conversion of water energy, transition of dynamic energy to static energy, application of the centripetal acceleration acting simultaneously on the snow and the water mass, which enables due to high speed of water flow and constant exposure of the snow at this water flow to start the melting process with the separate air flow.
 Method to reduce slipperiness of snow and ice surface of pavements and pedestrian ways and device for realisation of this method / 2503770
Device for reduction of slipperiness includes: a chain cutter 8 arranged across the working motion and comprising a frame 7, with two supports 9 installed in it, where shafts 10 with sprockets 1 are located, along which a chain 13 moves with mounted cutters 14 and brushes 15; a rotor distributor of loose solid particles 1 with castor wheels 3 and a support 4, which is fixed to a base tool carrier 17. The cutter is capable of changing the depth of treatment of the snow and ice surface due to a hinged suspension 5 to a rotor distributor of loose solid particles and a hydraulic cylinder 6. Motion of the chain is provided by a hydraulic drive 16. Supply of the working fluid into the hydraulic drive and the hydraulic cylinder, and control of this supply is carried out from a hydraulic system of the base carrier.
Technology to clean road streets and inside yard territories from snow / 2495187
For clean streets and snow, unified equipment is used on the basis of low-tonnage trucks, with 4 wheel drive and a hydraulic system providing for the possibility to use various suspended units.
 Method of safe traffic and machine to this end / 2491384
Roads are constructed and cleaned of snow and landslides by two go-ahead transverse walking blades to make two roadways and three protection windrows: at road axis and two roadsides. For multi-lane traffic, roadway is expanded by go-ahead transfer of snow and other material by working tools of walking gear along and across the road. Snow windrows make a base line to form motion path. Note here that solid line is composed of snow windrow. Proposed machine comprises walking blades-hands and/or go-ahead tools for displacement of snow and other materials to create windrow at roadsides and road axis. The blade is connected with guide wheel and incorporates the windrow dubbing function. Said blades-hands are furnished with turn limiters and walking and material displacement settings. Snow windrows at road axis and sides prevent collision of vehicles.
 Method of snow removal from roadway / 2480554
Thermal cable 3 is laid on the surface of separator in straight line to cover its end by shield 4 so that gap 6 is provided between said cable and said shield. Note here that board part is extended beyond snowdrift edge 5 to connect thermal cable to current source, for example, windmill. Rotary show-plough 10 scrapes snow 9 from roadway 1 and heaps it up onto separator. Heat generated by thermal cable melts the snow.
 Sidewalk snow-plough / 2474640
Proposed snow-plough mounted on wheeled chassis comprises sidewalk brush with shaft coupled via spring-loaded connector with one end of horizontal spiral spring. Second end of said spring is connected to rim secured in housing. Shaft is coupled with spring wind-up handle at top section. All structural elements are arranged in rectangular housing. Machine control handle is secured on one side of said housing while sidewalk brush extends beyond said housing. Note here that said connector consist of two washers spring-loaded from above and located perpendicular to axle to stay in contact with each other. Opposite surfaces of said washers have teeth shaped to, for example, right triangles with their height extends to washer center. Vertical sides of said triangles of one washer are pressed against sides of other washer triangles.
 Snow removal device / 2460841
Proposed device comprises working tool consisting of belt conveyor with hooks arranged on endless belt, along its edges that make endless double chain. Drive mechanism consists of drive gear wheels fitted on axles, on frame sides, to be in constant mesh with hooks of endless drive belt. Said driven belt surface bottom rests on road surface by drive gear wheels. Said gear wheels double as running and driving wheels. Handle is pivoted at machine front provided with angle retainer for ease of control and lifting blade above road surface.
 Method of chipping ice mound off sidewalk / 2460840
Proposed method comprises acting on sidewalk surface by vibrating cutting elements. Said cutting elements are secured to rectangular ice-chipping board bottom surface at road smooth-surface vibroroller.
 Method of decreasing snow bulk volume and device to this end / 2459901
Snow bulk volume in loading in dump-truck is decreased by cyclic compaction with the help of additional sides with hydraulic drive. Said drive comprises hydraulic cylinders with their rods jointed with said additional side top angles. Hydraulic cylinder cases slide on thrust brackets secured on dump-truck front side wall. Hydraulic cylinder cases are communicated via hoses with hydro pump and rod direction switch.
 Device to prepare snow mass for melting / 2424395
Device comprises a receiving hopper installed above a melting chamber and equipped with a movable lattice arranged on a frame and made of horizontal shafts with rigidly fixed discs, evenly installed along the shaft length, and hammers installed between each pair of discs along a helical line along the shaft. Shafts are installed in rolling bearings arranged in bodies located at the ends of the shaft, at the same time one body is connected to a motor-reducer, connected to this shaft via an elastic coupling. The frame of the movable lattice is made in the form of beams with guide slots evenly arranged in their upper part and eye bolts in the centre of these slots and tube braces on nuts that connect the beams. Each pair of driving shafts is made in the form of a rigid module, bearing bodies in which are rigidly connected to each other by means of protective ribs-screens and support planks, which interact with their side surfaces with guide slots of the beams with the possibility of fixation by means of eye bolts in centres of these slots to beams of the common frame of the movable lattice installed along the perimetre of the melting chamber.
 Snow loader / 2376415
Invention relates to machines dealing with snow removal from town places. Snow loader contains basic chassis, feeder, main container, additional conveyor, a couple of hydro cylinders carrying frame. Feeder and main conveyor are mounted on the base chassis. Additional conveyor is connected to the main conveyor by a couple of hydro cylinders and carrying frame. Both hydro cylinders and carrying frame are installed at both sides of the main and additional conveyors. From one side, they connected with the main conveyor and with the additional conveyor from the other side. The additional conveyor is located over the main conveyor to the angle can be changed. Additional conveyor moves counter wise to snow movement. Consequently, direction of snow movement is opposite to direction of the main conveyor movement.
 Device to remove ice and snow tracks from hard road covering / 2416688
Proposed device comprises elements to destruct road tracks made up of disks fitted on two axles with variable eccentricity and coupled at the angle of over 180° that may be varied depending upon track characteristics. Said disks may passively rotate from driving force and forces of friction between disk edges and track surface. Frequency of angular velocity and amplitude of vertical oscillations of disks are defined by disk diametre and eccentricity, and transport facility speed that tows the proposed device. Each disk is fitted on its axle by means of spring-loaded suspensions arranged in RH and LH frames coupled at over 180°.
 Device to remove ice and snow tracks from hard road covering / 2416689
Proposed device comprises elements to destruct road tracks made up of disks fitted on two axles with variable eccentricity and coupled at the angle of over 180° that may be varied depending upon track characteristics. Said disks may passively rotate from driving force and forces of friction between disk edges and track surface. Frequency of angular velocity and amplitude of vertical oscillations of disks are defined by disk diametre and eccentricity, and transport facility speed that tows the proposed device. Disk eccentricity may vary.
 Snow removal device / 2418129
Proposed device comprises working wheel with vanes, intake opening, suction branch pipe, skids and handle. It comprises also volute housing, wall adjoining said intake opening, guide vane communicated with suction branch pipe, one or several safety rings are arranged along outer edges of working wheel vanes. It incorporates also motor with working wheel emergent stop device with drive and protective casing, and motor control device to allow preset operating conditions. Note here that vanes are mounted at 5-20 degrees to generatrix of wheel surface.
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FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of community facilities. The stationary or mobile plant sucks semi-liquid mass of snow in the tank or the cistern, changes it into a liquid phase using aggregates comprising: a suction pump to fill the tank or the cistern, a hydraulic pump to power manipulators which control the position of the suction nozzle, a power unit to power microwave emitters on magnetrons or klystrons which warm-up the semi-liquid snow mass to complete changing into the liquid state. EFFECT: in this plant energy of exhaust gases from the engine and the power plant are additionally used, due to taking heat from the exhaust gases passing in the through channels located in the lower part of the tank. 2 cl, 2 dwg
The present invention relates to the field of public utilities and is intended for care of the road surface and other surfaces in the regions of the country located in the Northern climate zone, where for a long period of work on the maintenance of roads, sidewalks and grounds of industrial buildings in operating condition to reduce the total accidents on the highways, roads and streets of the cities and territories of industrial zones. The primary method of liberation of the city from snow is raking, loading and transport to landfills. In Moscow at the present time there are several installations for melting snow and ice engineering facility that receive snow, with remote areas of the city snow removal equipment, rastarivanie it, cleaning the obtained melt water from various contaminants contained in the snow and drain to the sewer. Energy is a very expensive technology requiring the removal of snow at a considerable distance, in view of the low density of such installations. Alternatively, offers a mobile installation, at the same time Astapova snow in the process of collecting, translating it into a liquid. To make this installation requires rapid heating of the snow masses loaded into the hopper on the depth one is temporary. This can only be achieved using microwave heaters, because microwave radiation is intensively absorbed by water molecules, and its impact extends throughout the depth of the snow masses. This setting is relevant, since the autumn and winter in St. Petersburg lasts 4 to 5 months. During this period several major snowfalls with simultaneous thaws and fast too. And cleaning the snow masses with simultaneous translation in the liquid phase would facilitate the communal liberation of the city from snow in the shortest possible time. As a prototype of the device for turning the snow mass in the liquid phase can be considered stationary snow melting installation used in the public utilities of the city of Moscow, which includes a hopper (capacity), which serves simultaneously for the reception of snow mass and melt accumulated. In the bunker there are fuel elements (Cartridges). Depending on the type of energy source used in the installation, heat to the fuel rod can be delivered by the carrier or stand directly in it. However, the most interesting mobile units that can quickly remove cutback a lot of snow from roads and sidewalks. But at present, such facilities are not available. The power consumption of all snow melting installations rather led the to and is on rastarivanie 1 m 3snow with a density of 0.4 t/m3requires: power 37 kW/h, or diesel fuel consumption of 4.5 liters, or natural gas 5.4 m3i.e. the energy costs of such facilities when heating the stove up snow from negative temperatures are very high and fall on the city budget burden. It is time-consuming and expensive process, but an acceptable alternative to the present time was not. Analyzing changes in the weather in our region, it should be noted regular transitions from negative temperatures to positive temperatures. During freezing temperatures, remains the main method of snow removal. However, if we consider the energy that we regularly from nature, you should use these gifts. The question is how? It is advisable to thaw period, move on to the semi-liquid cleaning snow masses. The bulk of the snow absorbs the energy of the transition from the crystalline phase to a semi-liquid phase, since at minimum cost artificial heat easily semi-liquid phase is transferred into the liquid. (The energy of the transition from the solid phase (ice) to liquid (water) is equal to 427 calories in 1 gram. The energy change of the temperature of a semi-fluid mass is much, small and equal to only 1 cal 1 gram for temperature changes by 1 degree. Hence, energy saving when using free energy turns out the times. This unit is most suitable for equipping communal farms. Installation for collecting semi-liquid snow mass consists of a tank with a capacity of from 1 to 3 m3placed on a truck chassis with a power plant to power the magnetron or klystron, pump for collecting liquid phase melting snow, with a hydraulic pump to supply hydraulic manipulators for attachments. After filling tank semi-liquid phase snow mass is included magnetron or klystron, and in a short time all semi-fluid mass of snow turns into a liquid that can be drained into the sewer. Thereby, eliminated its transportation to distant landfills. This device will not replace and broaden the Arsenal economical means of snow removal. And small plants on this principle will be able to purchase housing. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the device for turning the snow mass in the liquid phase is made in the form of a mobile self-propelled installation with tank or tank equipped with heating elements, temperature sensors and liquid level. The device includes a nozzle for collecting semi-liquid snow fraction, a pump for pumping semi-liquid snow fraction in the vessel, the manipulators with the hydraulic pump to control the nozzle, the power unit for the Autonomous power nagriamel the x elements, and characterized in that to speed up the translation process semi-liquid snow mass in the liquid phase is performed using microwave emitters on the magnetrons or klystrons installed in a closed vessel or tank connected with the power unit and the remote operator. In a nozzle installed infrared heaters to accelerate the process of translating the snow masses in semi-liquid state. In order to increase the efficiency of the device as a whole, the nozzle is also served warm air or exhaust gases from power units. To minimize equipment installation hose for suction semi-liquid snow mass from the nozzle is also draining into the sewer by switching the changeover valve, controlled from the operator's console. In the receiving tank or the tank in the lower part is made of through-channels for the passage of exhaust gases from the engine and power plant. In the figure 1, 2 proven design of such a facility, where: 1. Mobile installation 2. Reception capacity (tank or cistern) 3. Pump 4. Flexible hose 5. Nozzle 6. The hydraulic system 7. Remote control 8. The power unit 9. Installation of microwave 10. The temperature sensor 11. Level sensor 12. The drain hose 13. Manipulator 14. Pump 15. Manhole 16. Channels for the exhaust gases 17. Flap saslo the ka 18. The magnetron (klystron) 19. Semi snow mass 20. Infrared emitter Installation design includes: a Mobile unit 1 is based on a truck chassis on which is mounted the reception capacity in the form of a tank or tank 2, a pump 3 for pumping liquid phase with connected suction flexible hose 4, with a nozzle for collecting semi-liquid fraction 5, controlled by a hydraulic system that handles 13 from the control unit 7 of the operator and the hydraulic pump 14 to the power of the handles 13. On the chassis of the mobile unit 1 also includes: power unit 8 to supply the installation of the microwave from the magnetron (the magnetrons or klystrons 9 and the pump 3. In the tank and the nozzle installed temperature sensors 10, and the vessel 2 is the level sensor 11. The drain hose 12 can also be controlled by the hydraulic system 6 by means of a manipulator 13 from the control unit 7. In the nozzle 5 for collecting semi-liquid snow mass 19 may also be posted by the magnetron 18 or infra-red radiator for warming. The device operates as follows: the operator via the remote control 7 using manipulators 13 lowers and sets the nozzle 5 for collecting the liquid phase at the level of the road surface, and slowly moving mobile unit 1 begins with a pump 3, to suck a semi-solid mass inside the tank or tank 2. Od is Avramenko, the statement includes the power unit 8 and the installation of the microwave from the magnetron (magnetrons) 9. Semi snow mass received in a tank or cistern 2, begins to rapidly absorb the energy of high frequency radiation, finally passing into the liquid phase. As filling of the tank or tank 2 and the temperature rises to the specified level, the readings of the temperature sensors 10, the operator brings the plant to the sewer hatch 14, moves the valve rocker 17 in mode "plum" and drain the liquid into a manhole 15. Constructively to suck the snow masses and discharge into drains can be used the same hose with a mode switching operation by the tumble flaps. Essential for energy savings is that cleaning the snow mass is in the thaw period and transition of crystalline snow masses in semi-liquid state due to the natural accumulation of heat coming at the destruction of the crystalline structure of snow using a mobile rig, semi-liquid extraction snow mass in a tank or cistern, followed by its translation in the liquid phase using microwave emitters. This meteorological factor public utilities must consider when organizing snowplowing, which will increase the efficiency of services and utilities under the pressure of snow from sidewalks and roads of the city. The efficiency can be increased by utilizing exhaust heat of the engine and power plant. For this purpose, in the construction of the tank or tanks entered the channels for the exhaust gases 16, passing through the bottom of the tank or installed by welding to the lower part of the vessel. It is known that in Russia there is the experience of using the microwave to liquefy petroleum products tank cars and, accordingly, produces equipment of high power microwave energy. The same installation exist in timber production for accelerated drying of wood. Thus, there are all prerequisites for designing a mobile installation and organization of serial production at the enterprises of St. Petersburg. 1. Device for turning the snow mass in the liquid phase, including mobile installation with a tank or tank equipped with heating elements, temperature sensors and liquid level, the pump for pumping semi-liquid snow fraction, a nozzle for collecting semi-liquid snow fraction, manipulators with a hydraulic pump to control the nozzle, the power unit for the Autonomous power of the heating elements in the tank or the tank is fitted with a microwave emitters with magnetrons or klystrons, United with the power unit and operator in Nashik is an infrared emitters, in the tank are made through channels for the passage of exhaust gases from the engine and power plant and connected to the nozzle ducts. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hose is used to suck semi snow masses and drain the fluid into the sewer by switching the changeover valve, controlled from the operator's console.
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