Charging system for electrical vehicles. RU patent 2520616.

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: system contains at least one charging port with interface for energy exchange with at least one electrical vehicle, at least one power converter intended to convert power supplied from the power source such as the supply mains to the format suitable for the vehicle charging, at that the power converted is in remote position from the charging port, for example, in a separate room and/or building.

EFFECT: provision of simultaneous charging for several vehicles without increased costs for the charging station.

12 cl, 17 dwg

The technical field to which the invention relates

The present invention relates to the charging system for electric vehicles. In particular, the invention relates to the structuring of a system where a lot of vehicles can be charged, the same as the normal filling station for vehicles with internal combustion engines.

The level of technology

Together with the growing popularity of electric vehicles also increases the need for charging stations, and therefore increases the total power required for each available charging port, and in case of multiple ports at the total consumption.

Great power requires the use of energy converters with increased capacity, and as a result requires a more intensive use of coolants, to prevent damage, such as overheating, the system components. Using the resources of cooling (compulsory) for each port of the exchange of energy charging system (or charging station) would contaminate the environment by excessive noise at low energy efficiency. Therefore, the aim of the present invention is to provide a charging system that has advantages, with many ports to achieve this goal.

Charging station with many charging ports known to the current level of technology. One of the way of their application is the use of an AC to DC, followed by the DC bus, which is attached charging ports. The disadvantage of this method is that many vehicles can not charged at the same time, because usually every vehicle has different input voltage. In order to be able to simultaneously charge the many vehicles, converters DC/DC) are placed before each charging port that will increase the value of the charging station with many ports.

Disclosure of the invention

Proposed charging system for electric vehicles containing many charging ports, each of which has an interface for the exchange of energy with at least one electric vehicle, a lot of power converters to convert the energy from a source of energy, such as the electrical network, in a suitable format for charging of the vehicle are switched connection matrix to attach at least one of the power Converter to at least one of the charging port, at least one controller to control, at least one of the power converters, and/or to control the operation of switching the connection matrix and the power Converter and means of communication to share settings with at least one electric vehicle.

The system, according to the invention, provides numerous benefits. First, the advantages of systems with many (at least one, but preferably multiple ports) ports are that it provides improved functionality with less hardware, and, besides, it is easier and cheaper could be improved with additional connections.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention power converters and connecting the matrix are in a remote location from the charging port, for example, such as a separate room and/or a separate building.

When a power supply is in a remote location, it has the advantage that it is easier to make improvements and add additional power (this is not required earthworks), ports for the energy exchange easier to adapt to a specific user, and there are fewer technical requirements (especially regarding size) to power the Converter, if he is in the air-conditioned room. Location charging will not exposed to during the charging capacity.

A switched connection matrix is used for the simultaneous connections of each charger port to a specific number of multiple converters in such a way that at most one port is attached to the drive. This means that the matrix allows you to attach each charging port also to one or more power converters, or none. The converters can be connected by at most one charger port at a time.

The advantage of the present invention is that power converters, matrix and charging ports can be upgraded independently of each other, with the number of charging ports and power modules do not have to be equal when charging station is expanding. Charging station can be installed in any location and can be extended or even transferred to a lower category, depending on how often it is used. In accordance with the same scenario charging station is not used very often, and because it is in a remote location from the other station, arriving there the vehicle will have a low state of charge. In this case we need a charging station with one charging port and high charging capacity. After a while nearby is a new city built, resulting in a greater number of electric vehicles will visit charger post, with the average state of charge. In this case it would be logical to modify the charging station and store it in a configuration with a large number of charging posts with the same or less valid power. The present invention will be used within the purposes described in the application NL 2004279 patent of the Netherlands, which will allow using of the invention to register a network connection for charging. Based on the registered network connections for charging, the server can decide whether to change the allowed capacity or the number of charging ports. Another advantage of the present invention is that charging ports do not have a common ground connection. This means that when a charger is attached to more than one electric vehicle, they will be galvanically isolated, which is desirable for manufacturers of electric vehicles (EV). Another reason why it is desirable to have galvanic isolation between vehicles is the fact that having more than one device of insulation control in the same chain will reduce the sensitivity of isolation monitor.

In the port of energy exchange, where user charges your vehicle, there is less noise, visual disturbance or (thermal) air discomfort.

The system made in compliance with the invention becomes more effective when remote location provides plenty of power converters. In this case, the converters of the share (part of) the cooling system and location, they can be designed to be modular and General Converter can meet the General requirements on power to all ports.

In one embodiment, the invention of the remote location contains the microclimate regulation, for example a cooling system that is based on the air or liquid, the heat pump system or heat exchanger system to remove heat from the power converters or heating system inside the air-conditioned room if the temperature falls below a certain threshold. The cooling system can be a fan that blows or blows air conditioned rooms. Also the cooling system can be a two-component system, such as a heat pump system. Heat can be extracted from power converters or rooms, and can be transmitted (for example, using the liquid or air) to the second part of the cooling system, outside relatively air-conditioned rooms. Thus the system of power converters can be improved more easily.

This second part of the system is used to make heat exchange with outer environment. For this purpose it may be on the roof top charging station, or on the building (the production shop next to the charging station to prevent noise and a stream of hot air, annoying users.

Cooling system may be part of the transformer station or to stay on it. The heat from the power converters can be used for other purposes, such as building heating or water heating. Heat can be transferred in the store, e.g. in the hot water storage tank or underground heat accumulator.

Air-conditioned room can be an industrial premises, building, part of a building, or office location (for example, accessible only to authorized personnel), with this air-conditioned room can be available through a door or a door with a lock.

The term "air-conditioned" here means among other things that it is protected at least from the rain or sun. Air-conditioned room can be one or more transformer houses/buildings. It can have a separate room is connected to a network transformer and power converters, or transformer box can be used without transformer. Can also be used two booths, one of them with transformer, and the other with power converters.

Air-conditioned room can contain air-conditioning and/or heating. High efficiency is obtained in the case when the regulation of the microclimate is configured for direct work with the Converter or converters, to a greater extent than with the entire room. Remote location can be a transformer booth or to form part of it, and the Converter transformers and transformer can be located in separate rooms inside a remote location.

Alternative, power converters can sit outside, or in the case of many ports of energy exchange, inside one of the ports or below (the Foundation) is one of the charger port. The term port is used here to refer to as the functionality of energy is exchanged with the vehicle, as well as a physical device, which stands on the charging station.

Power converters can unidirectional or multidirectional converters with one or more inputs AC or DC and one or more outputs AC or DC. In a preferred embodiment of the invention these outputs can be controlled independently. In the case of a single power Converter this power Converter will have at least two exits. In the case of multiple power converters Converter output will be appended to the connection matrix. Connecting the matrix has multiple inputs and multiple outputs. Different configurations are appropriate for the system power converters in accordance with the present invention described in the application NL 2004279 patent of the Netherlands by the same applicant. This proposal incorporated here by reference.

Air-conditioned room can also contain one or more energy storage systems, such as battery installation, capacitive energy storage, flywheels or any other that may save energy. These systems energy storage can be attached to the power converters to release from temporary peak power, or to save electricity at a convenient time. In the specific embodiment of the invention cooling system presented in air-conditioned room can be used for cooling or heating systems energy storage, or to keep it at the specific temperature. This can be very useful for life environment for systems of accumulation of energy, especially in the case of batteries. Air-conditioned room or system represented in air-conditioned room can also be heated, when the temperature drops below a certain threshold.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the number of power converters connected with the number of charging ports by using a switched connection matrix, which can be located inside a remote location. This connection matrix is also described in more detail in the application NL 2004279 patent of the Netherlands.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention connecting the matrix has four output connections, and it is designed in such a way as to convey a certain maximum amount of power for the connection, for example, 50 kW. At the same time one of the power Converter can be designed to give maximum power, for example, 50 kW. During operation, the matrix will be taken from the Converter power is 50 kW and will distribute these 50 kW to four outputs. When power Converter improved by adding a second Converter, which has a capacity of 50 kW, combined capacity will come to 100 kW. This may mean that the limit to the capacity of the connection matrix is still 50 kW per connection. In this case, will be increased only average power fed to the four outputs.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention in the situation above, you can also improve the connection matrix, in order to give more power to the output of, say, 100 KW. This can be accomplished by adding and/or replacement of components (such as fuses) inside the termination of the matrix or due to the complete replacement of the connection matrix.

Charging system, in accordance with any of the above embodiments of the invention, may contain a controller that works in such a way to control the amount of heat generated by the case, if the heat is used for other purposes. Speed battery charging, for example, can be temporarily increased the heat (for example, in the form of hot water) is required to the external system. The generated heat in this case is controlled by control of the output power.

This controller can be connected to the inverter(s), the administrator(s) of network connections, the connecting matrix(s) and the system of energy storage through the Internet. The controller can optimize and to influence the flow of power for each output coupling matrix based on local rules of decision making.

In addition, it can be equipped with at least one network connection, while above the administrator connection is configured in such a way as to control the security in power, at least to the same port. Preferably, each port contains the administrator of network connections, but is also feasible that one administrator connections served many ports of energy exchange.

The administrator of the network connection can be used to adapt the charger port for a standard charge, such as CHAdeMO or J1772. For example, security systems and hardware for communication can be included in structure of administrator of network connections.

Such administrator, network connections are also described in more detail in the application NL 2 004 350 for a patent of the Netherlands of the same applicant.

The overall system can also contain a special system or a way to compensate for the length of the cable between the remote charger fasting air-conditioned and bathroom. Because the wires become longer, the system will experience negative effects, such as voltage drop in the cable. One way to solve this problem is to use cables with a larger diameter. In some situations this may not be the preferred because of the additional costs thicker cables. Therefore, you can use another method, such as the use of the control system that controls the output voltage of the power converters based on measured voltage at the point located close to the charging ports. This method could be applied through the measuring device inside charger post or close to it, or even through the data channel to the measuring device inside a vehicle, such as the control system of the battery (BMS).

The way of working with the switching matrix contains the steps to assign a priority to each port, based at least on one parameter, determining the power required for each port, distributing power modules among the ports, based on the priority of the power required by repeating the above steps each time the event occurs.

The way to accomplish the above method is the following. Every time an event occurs, the controller starts by assigning a priority to each port on the charging station, based on the parameter. Some of the non-limiting examples of events are the vehicle that is attached to the charging station or detaches from it, the power required for this vehicle, which varies substantially during charging, or when the user changes preferences charge. The parameter can be the time of arrival of the vehicle, the type of account, which includes drivers of vehicles registered user in the system preferred departure. The capacity requested on each port is determined by the controller. Power modules are distributed among the ports, based on the priority and requested ports power.

A sample script that uses the above method is the following scenario. Vehicle attached to the docking station one by one. The vehicle, which comes first, gets the highest priority, and the vehicle, who came last, receives the lowest priority. Based on its priority first vehicle gets enough power modules that meet their demand, the remaining modules (if any exist) are assigned to different ports (vehicle), based on their priority.

In another example, only part of the modules distributed according to priority. This means that the existing number of modules to be divided equally among the ports, and the remaining modules are appointed in accordance with the priority.

Brief description of drawings

The invention is explained in more detail in the following figures on which:

fig.la-1d show the prior art;

figure 2 shows the first version of the implementation of the charging system in accordance with the present invention;

figure 3 shows the second variant of the implementation of the charging system in accordance with the present invention;

figure 4 shows the third variant of the implementation of the charging system in accordance with the present invention;

figa-5d shows a schematic views of the power system in accordance with the present invention;

figa-6b shows the schema of the sequence of the process, in accordance with the present invention;

7 shows the preferred embodiment of the invention

charging station;

The implementation of the invention

Figa shows charging station with many charging port, known from the prior art. It consists of an AC to DC, followed by the DC bus and the many switches that are used where connect the charging ports, and hence the vehicle. The disadvantage of this system is that many vehicles can not charged at the same time, since each vehicle has a different voltage charger input device. In the technique of prior use DC Converter that allows you to charge electric vehicles with different voltages at the input device (fig.lb), which increases the cost of the charging station with many ports.

Figs shows charging station with plenty of power converters, known from the prior art. Although power Converter is modular and permissible power can be increased, it is impossible to simultaneously charge the variety of electric vehicles.

Fig.1d shows charging station with many ports, known from the prior art. This charging station it is possible to charge electric vehicles, but because of the configuration of the hardware part number charger port is always equal to the number of power modules.

Figure 2 shows the first version of the implementation of the charging system 1, in accordance with the present invention, contains charging ports 2-5 interface 2'-5' for the energy exchange at least one electric vehicle, power converters, 6, 7, to convert the energy from the energy source, such as a network power supply (not shown) in a suitable format for charging of the vehicle. Power converters are in a remote location from 8 charging ports 2-5, which formed a separate building 8.

Building 8 additionally contains the connection box 9, which can contain many administrators, network connections, as well as available seats 10 and 11 are intended for future use, for example, when increasing the required power. In this way charging system can be extended, while requiring modifications to ports of energy exchange.

Figure 3 shows an alternative variant of 20 implementation of the charging system, in accordance with the present invention, contains ports 21-24 for the exchange of energy, this power inverter is below 25 one of the ports 22 to exchange energy.

Figure 4 shows a variant of 30 of the invention, in which administrators network connections are placed inside the junction box 32, which, in turn, is located inside the charging port 31, with connection box 32 also includes a controller. This variant of the invention, has the advantage in that connection box 32 can be replaced entirely in the case of improvements (for example, increasing the number of administrators, network connections). Because the controller is directly connected with the administrators of network connections, it can be pre-programmed to communicate with the appropriate number of administrators of network connections.

Figa 41 shows a variant of the invention, the charger port 43, to which the connection box 44, joins interface 48. Connection box 44 contains the second interface 46, which is connected to the relevant interface 49 the power Converter 45. The above power Converter contains interface 49 to attach additional power Converter in case if you need the extra power.

Fig.5b option 42 shows the invention, the charger port 43 of Figo, which in this case is equipped with an additional power Converter 50. In addition, power Converter contains 50 interface 51 and additionally contains the interface 52 for future accession additional power converters.

Figs shows another example, which presents the second charging port 57 that is attached to the interface 56 second junction box 54, which, in turn, is attached to 55 first connection box 44. Thus, the two charger port 43, 57, may powered from the same power Converter 45.

Fig.5d shows another example, in which both the charging port 43 and 47 join the interface 48 junction box 44, and can switch to one of the power converters 45 or 59, which are connected to the connection box 44 using the appropriate interfaces 47, 60 and 46.

Figa shows the first example with the scheme of sequence of the process for use of the present invention. First, the vehicle And attached to port 1 of the exchange of energy. Secondly, the second vehicle is attached to port 2 of the exchange of energy. At the same time the interested party sends the information to the information-processing device or controller. (Introduced by the interested party information may be of any kind: these batteries, data network, maintenance requirements, and so on). Third, in the system of the information-processing device with controllers determines the best strategy for charging and power distribution are based on such parameters as input power to the party concerned, the maximum power and specifications for Converter specifications for automatic air conditioning system, specifications for connection to the matrix, technical characteristics of the port, as well as data that is known about the vehicles or their batteries, and other potential data.

Fig.6b shows another example, in which the first vehicle is attached to a port on the energy exchange. Secondly, the second vehicle is attached to a port on the energy exchange. Third, a local domain controller in the system determines the strategy for charging and power distribution are based on such parameters as the maximum power and technical characteristics of the Converter, the technical specifications of the connection matrix, specifications for automatic air conditioning system, technical characteristics of the port, as well as data that is known about the vehicles or their batteries, and other potential data.

The administrator of network connections can be part of the charging post. The administrator of the network connection, and cable and connector can be removed from the charger post so that he could be replaced as a single part. Using the power Converter with multiple outputs with fewer charging stations, multiple outputs can be connected to a single network connection. At the improvement of the system with more charging posts, some compounds can be broken into parts. In some cases, a single administrator network connections can be attached to multiple charging posts or single administrator network connections can be attached to a single charger post that has a lot of connections (charging cable and charger connector).

The main feature of the charging of fasting is that it is located at a distance from the power converters. It is placed close to one or more (Parking) points for vehicles (for example, at a gas station/charging station or at the production shops). They can be located indoors (for example, closed Parking). Charging the post can be powered (power transformers) from the bottom or from the top part of his body (image not shown). In addition, AC, for example, the electronics inside the charger post or output for charging AC, can be accessed through the same thing or another connection.

Charger post will usually have to download cable and the item to place the connector in a safe and dry situation.

The subsystem, such as the user interface, the terminal for payment, the identification system user, the system input for a user or a system of digital transmission, can be connected to the connection line, which is part of the cable (s)who joined charging post.

Port of energy exchange can have one or many connectors for charging connectors may submit, or variable, or a constant charge current, or both.

Fig.7 shows the charging system where multiple power converters connected with charging ports through a dial-up connection matrix. When using a dial-up connection matrices many electric vehicles can be charged simultaneously without the need to use additional converters. The connection matrix is managed by the controller. Information about the session of the charging system will be sent from the charging station to the server, then the server may decide to expand or collapse the charging station. It is also possible that the server or the controller may decide to disable each of the modules of the Converter or the charging ports in the event of a malfunction.

Figure 10 shows three configuration charging station with two charging stations. The first configuration is made up of modules with a capacity of 20 kW, the second module of 10 kW, and the third is a combination of the first two. Each of the modules of the inverter and charger port is selected using switches. Administrators network connections are used in the charging ports, they also include a pair of radio buttons, which are used to select the charging port. In this way the above matrix is distributed throughout the configuration of the charging system. The administrator of network connections is a device that contains a means of communication with the electric vehicle and change the connection charging station for electric vehicle or detaching from it.

1. Charging system for electric vehicles, containing: - many charging ports, each of which has an interface for the exchange of energy with at least one electric vehicle; different that she has: - a lot of power converters to convert the energy from a source of energy, such as the electrical network, in a suitable format for charging of the vehicle; - switched connection matrix to attach at least one of the power Converter to at least one charger port; - at least one controller to control, at least one of the power converters, and/or to control the operation of switching the connection matrix and the power Converter; - means of communication for the exchange of options with at least one electric vehicle.

2. Charging the system of claim 1 in which at least one of the power Converter and a coupling matrix are in a remote location from the charging port, for example, such as a separate room and/or a separate building.

3. Charging system according to claim 2, in which remote location contains at least one power inverter, at least with two DC outputs on the same Converter.

4. The charging system is in paragraph 2 or 3, in which a remote location is a transformer box or the location forms part of the booth.

5. Charging system according to claim 2, in which remote location additionally contains a system of energy storage, such as a battery installation, the system of capacitive energy storage, or the handwheel.

6. Charging system according to claim 4, which a lot of power converters and transformers are placed in separate rooms inside a remote location.

7. Charging the system of claim 1 in which the power Converter physically linked below charger port.

8. Charging the system of claim 1 in which the controller is an internal controller in the connection matrix to control the performance of such a connection matrix.

9. Charging system according to claim 1 or 8, in which connection matrix can be managed on the basis of input from the system connected to the Internet, or method that runs on a computer.

10. Charging system according to claim 7, in which connection matrix can be managed on the basis of the rules of decision making.

11. The charging system of claim 8, in which the controller is attached to the many power converters via the Internet from a remote location.

12. The way a switching matrix according to claim 1, which contains the following stages: - assign a priority to each port, based at least on one parameter; - determining the power required for each port; - distribution of power modules among the ports, based on the priority and required capacity; - repeat the above steps.