Furnace fuel combustion method, and furnace for implementation of above said method. RU patent 2520112.

IPC classes for russian patent Furnace fuel combustion method, and furnace for implementation of above said method. RU patent 2520112. (RU 2520112):

F24B1/00 - Stoves or ranges

Another patents in same IPC classes:

Steam generating device / 2520111
Steam generating device installed mainly into a bath-house furnace includes a steam-generating liquid reservoir with inlet and outlet branch pipes, which has upper and lower bases and a side wall and is made preferably in the form of a hollow cylinder. The outlet part of the inlet branch pipe for supply of steam-generating liquid inside the above reservoir is arranged in lower part of the above reservoir, preferably on the lower base, and the inlet of the inlet branch pipe is located above the upper base. The inlet part of the outlet branch pipe is located on the upper base, and the outlet branch pipe is made in the form of a spiral, and mainly of an Archimedean spiral. Diameter of turns of the above spiral is made so that installation of the above spiral onto a heating element of the furnace, mainly on the furnace stack, is provided.

Furnace fuel combustion method, and furnace for implementation of above said method / 2503889
Combustion method of fuel, and preferably wood, in a furnace containing at least a vertically oriented housing in which there are air supply channels to combustion zone formed mainly with furnace walls and bottom for fuel laying, an exhaust pipe, a door with an inspection glass, which is installed mainly in the frame on the housing, consists in fuel laying in furnace combustion zone with further air supply and ignition. A panel by means of which flow cross-section of the frame is divided at least into two parts is installed in the furnace door frame. Upper cavity formed with the frame and the above panel is connected to the combustion zone and used for wood laying, and lower cavity is connected to the combustion zone, thus forming the main air supply channel to the combustion zone. A gap serving as the first air supply channel to the combustion zone from the main channel cavity is formed by means of the above panel with the inspection glass. On the other panel end opposite to the above channel, preferably at the point of its attachment to the furnace housing, there made are through channels, by means of which the cavity of the main air supply channel is connected to the combustion zone so that the second air supply channel to the combustion zone is formed. The third air supply passage to combustion zone is made in the lower furnace part. Cavity of the above passage is connected on one side to the cavity of the main air supply passage and on the other side to lower part of cavity of combustion zone, preferably through passages at the fuel laying bottom. At initial instant for air supply to combustion zone there preferably used is the first passage, at burn-out of fuel column to the specified level, preferably to the half, there used is the first and the second passages, and when combustion process is completed, the third passage is mainly used. Besides, a furnace for implementation of the above method is described.

Stove / 2490551
Stove, preferably for a steam bath, comprises a stove body, preferably, a metal one, with a door for fuel charging and with a furnace installed inside the specified body, a stack that connects the furnace cavity with environment, besides, in the lower part of the stack there is a shell with a bottom, which forms with the stack body preferably a circular reservoir for a steam-generating liquid, preferably, water, preferably, with aromatic additives, and a heat exchange material, preferably, stones, at the same time the upper output part of the specified reservoir is closed with a cover, preferably in the form of a truncated cone, besides, between the specified cover and the stack body there is a gap, preferably, circular one, at the same time above the specified reservoir, in close proximity to it, coaxially with the stack body, there is a cylindrical jacket installed, preferably cylindrical one, made of at least two shells, inner and outer ones, installed coaxially with the circular radial gap relative to the stack body and to each other, besides, circular radial gaps between the stack body and the inner shell and between the inner and outer shells of the jacket are connected with the inner cavity of the circular reservoir for water via the specified circular gap between the cover and the body of the stack, at the same time the jacket at the ends is closed by profiled perforated bottoms.

Method for supply and heating of steam / 2490550
Method for supply and heating of steam consists in production of steam in process of heating of a steam-generating liquid with subsequent reheating of the produced steam during its contact with the heated heat-exchange coarse-dispersed material, besides, the steam-generating liquid, preferably, water, is filled into a reservoir, which is formed by means of installation, preferably, axisymmetric one, of a shell with a bottom on a stack, at the same time the heat exchange material is placed into the specified reservoir, preferably, stones, hot smoke gases are sent via the specified stack, preferably, stove combustion products, and thus the steam-generating liquid is heated with the heat-exchange material to the temperature of steam formation, at the same time steam produced from heating of the steam-generating liquid and related moist air, which create a steam and air mixture, is sent preferably along the stack, into a circular gap, which is formed between the reservoir cover and the stack, and further into circular cavities, inner and outer ones, which are formed by installation in the upper part of the stack jacket, made of two shells - inner and outer ones, and two profiled perforated bottoms installed at the ends of the specified shells, at the same time the heat-exchange material is placed in the outer cavity of the specified jacket.

Method for discharge of combustion products / 2490549
Method for discharge of combustion products from a combustion zone, preferably, for domestic stoves, consists in discharge of combustion products from the combustion zone via a flue comprising at least a stack made preferably in the form of a hollow thin-walled cylinder, having devices for closure of its throughput section and for entrance/exit of combustion products, besides, at least one section of the flue, preferably the one connecting the combustion zone with the stack, is made as capable of its rotation around the longitudinal axis of the pipeline and further fixation in the selected position, besides, axes of the input and output parts of the specified section are made as crossing, preferably, lying in one plane with the axis of the flue, at the same time the flow of combustion products is sent via the specified section into the specified flue, besides, direction of the combustion products flow at the initial section of motion relative to the stove is varied by means of variation of the position of the specified section relative to the flue, at the same time the input part of the flue is installed at the angle 135°, to the vertical axis of the stove, and axes of the input and output parts of the specified section are made as crossing at the angle of 135°.

Stack / 2490548
Stack for a stove, mainly for heating of steam bath premises, comprises a vertically aligned body, preferably made of a material on the basis of an iron alloy with carbon, the lower input part of which is connected with a source of hot gases, preferably, fuel combustion products in the stove, the upper output part - with environment. In the lower part of the stack body there is a shell with a bottom, forming preferably a circular reservoir for a steam-generating liquid, preferably, water, preferably, with aromatic additives, with the stack body, and a heat exchange material, preferably, stones. At the same time the upper output part of the specified reservoir is closed with a cover, preferably in the form of a truncated cone. Between the specified cover and the stack body there is a gap, preferably, circular one. Above the specified reservoir, in close proximity to it, coaxially with the stack body, there is a cylindrical jacket installed, preferably cylindrical one, made of at least two shells, inner and outer ones, installed coaxially with the circular radial gap relative to the stack body and to each other. Circular radial gaps between the stack body and the inner shell and between the inner and outer shells of the jacket are connected with the inner cavity of the circular reservoir for water via the specified circular gap between the cover and the body of the stack, at the same time the jacket at the ends is closed by profiled perforated bottoms.

Combustion method of wood wastes, and heat generator for its implementation with heater and heat exchange chamber and cover plate of combustion chamber / 2484378
Combustion method of wood wastes with heat recovery involves fuel supply to a loading hole of the combustion chamber, its ignition with air supply to the combustion chamber through an air intake channel, extraction of flue gases through an expansion chamber with adjustable exhaust airflow, and heat is extracted with heating agent passing through the heat exchanger with cleaning of flue gases from solid particles prior to the beginning of heat removal process, and then, after heat removal with further discharge of exhaust gases to atmosphere. Flue gases entering a separating chamber are divided into two flows, each of which rotates in a circumferential direction about a vertical virtual axis passing through centre of the heater holes and flows upwards to the holes of the heater that extracts the heat with heating agent from two divided flows by passing them easily through those holes for combination of those two flows in the heat exchange chamber and levelling of the combined flow for extraction using heating agent with transverse flow of movement and common direction of its upward movement, which coincides with movement direction of flue gases, heat passing through the heat exchanger, with its cleaning in the heat exchange chamber and before it is discharged to atmosphere. Besides, heat generator, heater, heat exchange chamber and cover plate of combustion chamber of heat generator are described.

Oven / 2472071
Oven, mainly for bath-house, comprises an oven housing, preferably made of metal, with a door to load fuel and a furnace located within the said housing, a smoke pipe connecting the furnace cavity with the surrounding atmosphere, a container with heat exchange coarse material, preferably naturally occurring stones located in the container in the vicinity of the combustion zone of the oven, and in the said container a device for feeding the evaporative fluid to the heat exchange coarse material is mounted for steam generation, which comprises at least two articulated together hollow sections forming a T-shaped housing of the device, and one section is mounted horizontally or practically horizontally. And its flow cross-section in the output parts is reduced, preferably the ends are made plugged, and the other section is mounted vertically or practically vertically, and along the entire housing of the L-shaped device the channels are made which connect the cavity of the device with the cavities inside the heat exchange material and/or with the heat exchange material itself.

Fuel combustion provision method / 2470231
Invention refers to fuel combustion methods in furnaces and can be used during development of furnaces and heating devices for preparation of food and heating of the room. Method providing the combustion of fuel, and mainly wood, in the furnace with vertically oriented housing, in which there are channels of air supply to combustion zone restricted with walls, consists in laying of fuel in combustion zone of furnace with further air supply and ignition. Fuel is laid into furnace combustion zone with formation of a gap, preferably guarantee one, between fuel and walls of combustion zone, at least on one side, preferably on two opposite sides; upper part of formed fuel volume is ignited; at that, supply channels of air to combustion zone are made so that air is supplied to upper area of combustion zone; at that, one main part of channels is kept constantly open; the other additional part is open as the fuel combustion advances downwards; at that, air to combustion zone at the initial and subsequent periods of time is supplied through the main channels.

Steam generating method and device for its implementation / 2470230
Invention refers to design of furnaces and superheated steam generation method and can be used for furnishing of bath houses of stationary and mobile types, as well as for heating of domestic and production facilities. Steam generating method applied mainly for bath rooms consists in supply of steam generating fluid, mainly of water, preferably with flavoured additives, to heated heat exchange material, preferably stones of natural origin, which are located in container in close proximity to combustion zone of furnace and accumulating the heat of combustion products. Steam generating fluid is supplied inside heat exchange material, at least below its first layer, preferably below the second one, by means of L-shaped device representing at least two hollow sections adjacent to each other; at that, one section is located horizontally, or almost horizontally, and its flow section is reduced in outlet parts, preferably, the ends are plugged, the other section is located vertically or almost vertically; at that, steam generating fluid is supplied to vertical section and discharged from horizontal section; at that, in order to discharge the above fluid in the whole housing of L-shaped device, there made are channels connecting the device cavity to the cavities inside heat exchange material and/or heat exchange material itself. Device for supply of steam generating fluid to heat exchange material for steam generation is also described.

Furnace / 2350845
Furnace consists of the inner and the outer furnace packages with a chimney and an air vent. The inner furnace package consists of a combustion chamber equipped with a fire grate, an ash tray, a longitudinal baffle and cross-baffles, the baffles forming vertical and horizontal furnace gas ducts communicating with the chimney. The longitudinal baffle is arranged along the whole of the inner furnace package length with a clearance maintained between the baffle and the upper wall. The first cross baffle is arranged along the whole of the inner furnace package height between the longitudinal baffle and one of the side walls. The above longitudinal baffle and cross baffle are positioned so that to provide for formation of a downward duct and an upward duct. The second cross baffle is mounted under the ash tray so that to enable the longitudinal baffle resting on it and positioned so that a clearance is maintained between the baffle and the other side wall. The outer furnace package is mounted with a clearance maintained between it and the inner furnace package on all its sides; in the longitudinal baffle and the first cross baffle there are through-holes arranged accordingly connecting the furnace to the downward duct and the downward duct and the upward duct - to each other. The clearance between the longitudinal baffle and the inner furnace package upper wall is confined to the downward duct zone.

Mechanism for control of air flow in furnace / 2398999
Mechanism for control of air flow in furnace comprises body 1 with zone of burning 2, where there are channels arranged for air supply 3, 4 into zone of burning 2 so that their one part continuously connects zone of burning 2 to environment, and the other one, additional one, 4 - is arranged with the possibility of their coverage, exhaust pipe 10, door 8 in body 1. Besides mechanism is arranged in the form of profiled lever 11, installed with the possibility of swinging in furnace body 1. One end of lever 11 is arranged in zone of fuel location and interacts with it, and the other one is kinematically connected to shutter 14, which isolates additional channel 4 of air supply into zone of burning.

Procedure facilitating combustion of fuel / 2417341
Procedure facilitating combustion of fuel, mainly, wood, in furnace with vertically directed case whereat channels supply air into combustion zone, consists in stacking fuel in combustion zone of furnace, in successive supply of air and in igniting. Fuel is stacked in the furnace, and an upper part of formed volume of fuel is ignited. Channels supplying air into the combustion zone ensure supply of air into an upper area of the combustion zone. One, main, part of channels is maintained continuously open, while another, additional one is opened as soon, as fuel has been combusted and as zone of combustion travels downward. At initial and successive moments air is supplied into the combustion zone via the main channels, while closer to termination of combustion process air is supplied through main and additional channels.

Furnace / 2446358
Furnace includes housing with walls and upper cover, in which there located is combustion chamber with combustion zone and air supply channels to combustion zone of combustion chamber and channels for removal of combustion products from the above chamber, which are connected to vent pipe. Door with lock with shutoff and stop elements is installed with possibility of being rotated in the frame arranged on the housing. In upper part of furnace, between combustion chamber and vent pipe there installed is shaped wall so that a cavity is formed, which is restricted with upper cover of furnace, side elements of furnace housing, mainly with walls of furnace, and shaped wall. In the wall there made are openings in the form of slots, mainly in its peripheral zone, which attach the cavity of combustion chamber to the above cavity by means of horizontally oriented channels which open into the above cavity towards each other, and swirler is installed between outlet parts of channels. The above channels are formed with side elements of furnace housing, mainly with walls, and vertical partitions on located on shaped wall.

Furnace / 2448304
Furnace comprises a body with walls and an upper cover, where a combustion chamber with a combustion area is installed, and channels are arranged for air supply into the combustion area of the combustion chamber, as well as the channels for combustion products discharge from the specified chamber connected with a discharge pipe. A door with a lock with locking and stop elements is installed as capable of rotation in a frame installed on the body. In the upper part of the furnace, between the combustion chamber and the exhaust pipe, there is a screen installed, preferably, a profiled one, to form a cavity limited with the upper cover of the furnace, side elements of the furnace body, preferably with furnace walls, and the specified screen. In the screen there are windows in the form of slots, preferably in its peripheral zone, which connect the combustion chamber cavity with the specified cavity using horizontally aligned channels. Specified channels open into the specified cavity towards each other, and there is a swirler installed between output parts of the channels.

Solid fuel combustion method, and heating appliance for its implementation / 2459145
Solid fuel combustion method in which air-blast gases are supplied through air intake hole adjustable as to the section depending on temperature and located in upper part of combustion chamber, self-adjusting air pipeline as to height with air distributor, and after oxidation reaction of fuel mixed with flue gases to the flue pipe, mixture of air and flue gases is passed downwards through secondary heat exchange chamber and flue pipe located in lower part of heat exchange chamber on the level of ash hole; at that, air in combustion chamber is distributed in the following way: to combustion centre - 65-75%; above combustion centre - 25-35%.

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: method of fuel combustion in a furnace, preferably a domestic one containing a housing with a door with an observation glass for fuel loading, in which there are channels for air supply to the combustion chamber with a combustion zone, channels for removal of fuel combustion products from the combustion chamber, a stack for removal of combustion products, consists in laying of fuel in the furnace combustion zone with further fuel ignition, its burning with heat emission, obtaining immediately combustion products themselves with further extraction of heat from combustion products by their warm-up of heating elements of the furnace and removal of the above combustion products through the stack; with that, in the furnace door frame there installed is a panel, by means of which cross-section of the frame is divided at least into two parts; with that, an upper cavity formed with the frame and the above panel is connected to the combustion zone and used for laying of fuel, mainly firewood, and the lower one is connected to the combustion zone, thus forming the main channel for air supply to the combustion zone; with that, a gap is formed by means of the above panel together with the observation glass, where the above gap serves as the first channel for air supply to the combustion zone from the cavity of the main channel. On the other panel end opposite to the above channel, preferably at the point of its attachment to the furnace housing, there made are through channels, by means of which the cavity of the main air supply channel is connected to the combustion zone so that the second air supply channel to the combustion zone is formed. With that, the third air supply channel to the combustion zone is made in the lower part of the furnace. The cavity of the above channel is connected on one side to the cavity of the main air supply channel and on the other to lower part of the combustion zone cavity, preferably via channels at the fuel laying bottom; with that, fuel is laid in the furnace combustion zone so that a gap is formed, preferably a guaranteed one, between fuel and combustion zone walls, at least on one side, preferably two, which are opposite located, there ignited is upper part of formed fuel volume, with that, at the initial time interval for air supply to the combustion zone there preferably used is the first channel; the first and the second channels are mainly used at burning-out of the fuel to the specified level, preferably half of the fuel level, and the third channel is preferably used at completion of the burning process. The obtained main flow of combustion products is divided at least into two additional intermediate flows by installing on the way of the above main flow of a profiled screen with openings, preferably in its peripheral zone, and the obtained additional intermediate flows are directed through the above openings to furnace walls; after that, mainly each additional intermediate flow is turned and passed along the furnace walls in its part located in close proximity to the tube. Additional intermediate flows, preferably all of them, are turned at least once towards each other and each flow obtains rotational movement, preferably along the spiral; then, additional intermediate rotating flows are mixed between themselves and the formed main rotating flow is directed to the stack. Besides, a furnace for implementation of the above method is described.

EFFECT: simpler furnace design; improvement of operating reliability; improvement of fuel combustion completeness; improvement of heat output and increase of furnace operation time at unchanged fuel consumption.

16 cl, 5 dwg

The invention relates to the methods of ensuring fuel combustion in furnaces and can be used in the design of furnaces and heating devices for cooking and space heating.

Known incinerator sectional patterns containing direct closed tube with holes located along its length, which is intended for submission of air in the furnace. Pipe air supply is inserted into the furnace through the hole, made in the upper part of the furnace. The air in the pipe is served by a fan. The air flows through the holes of the pipe and is involved in intensive combustion of fuel, in this case - garbage (patent EP 0636840 A1, IPC F24B 1/00, 5/00).

This method of supply and distribution of air in the combustion chamber and combustion is suitable for the safe and intensive burning of garbage, but not effective for long-term economical fuel combustion.

Known furnace for burning of granulated solid fuel heating and air of premises. The fire box consists of a combustion chamber, in its center stuck pipe supply air and screw devices. The air in the hearth of a combustion served by a fan at the top and granular fuel using a screw device download from below (patent USA 4782765, IPC F24B 1/00, 5/00).

The design of this furnace complex and is not suitable for burning firewood.

There is a method of supply and distribution of air in the combustion chamber, when the air in the combustion chamber serves on top of the pipe, the pipe ends the air distributor, which is based on fuel and together with the pipe falling down when the amount of fuel in the combustion chamber decreases, and the air in the combustion chamber is distributed as follows: in the hearth of a combustion serves 40-60%; on the edge of the hearth combustion serves 10-30%; over the hearth of a combustion - 20-40% (patent EP 005303, application №200301136 from 19.04.01, IPC F24B 1/00, 5/00).

The disadvantage of this method is that the pipe air supply into the combustion area, you need to install the air distributor and move it during the combustion process. This leads to the complexity of the design of the combustion chamber and worsening of conditions of work due to the fact that part of the fuel under the dispenser is practically not involved in the process of combustion. Besides, it is necessary accurately to distribute the air flows, which also leads to the complexity of the design of the furnace and complication of conditions of its maintenance and operation.

There is a method of ensuring fuel combustion in the furnace with vertically oriented housing, implemented using solid-fuel furnace, containing the combustion chamber with a visor in its upper part, which is adjacent to the side and rear walls and shares the combustion chamber at the top and the bottom, the door with a glass window on the front wall of the combustion chamber for fuel loading, bottom, and through with crack-like upper-air supply for blowing glass window door flat stream of air and forming inside the combustion chamber the field of post-combustion fuel combustion products and a pipe for removal of combustion products, located at the top rear of the combustion chamber.

Air for primary combustion of solid fuel is fed into the combustion chamber as part of a back wall of a furnace, and the lower part of the front wall of the combustion chamber using dampers controlled from the front of the furnace. Afterburning (secondary combustion) unburned fuel particles is fed into the combustion chamber of the two streams of air, one of which (cold) is controlled by a throttle, and the second unmanaged warm, after blowing glass doors comes in the front part of the combustion chamber in the area of post-combustion of the unburned products of firm fuel. The walls of the combustion chamber lined with brick masonry, and placed inside a metal casing. Between the walls of the combustion chamber and casing there is a space, which delayed the air from the bottom of heated space for cooling furnace shell (patent US 4766876 A, F24B 5/02, 30.08.1988).

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that with the composition of the solid fuel is not provided high efficiency furnace. This is because not all the chemical energy of solid fuel (different composition) can be completely transformed into heat energy without regulation of the necessary quantity of hot air for post-combustion of the unburned particles of this type of firm fuel. Unburned remains fully solid fuel, departing from the tube furnace, reducing its efficiency and degrade the environment. In addition, another shortcoming of the prototype is lining brick walls of the furnace, which reduces its mobility for heating of cottages and temporary buildings.

Famous manual fuel combustion in furnaces, mainly domestic, with a frame containing a door for loading fuel, which made the channels air supply into the combustion chamber with the combustion zone, channels removal of combustion products of fuel combustion, flue to remove products of combustion, which consists in laying of fuel in the combustion zone of the furnace with the subsequent ignition of fuel, its combustion to produce heat, getting themselves combustion products with subsequent selection from the combustion products heat by heating them furnace heating elements and outlet the products of combustion from the chimney, where the main flow of combustion products is shared by at least two additional intermediate flow through the installation on the main path of the flow profile screen with Windows predominantly in his peripheral zone and direct obtained additional intermediate flows through the mentioned window to the walls of the furnace, then, mainly, each additional intermediate stream develop and pass it along the walls of the furnace in its part, located close to the tube, then deploy additional intermediate streams, mostly everything at least once, to meet each other and give each thread a rotary motion, mainly, in a spiral, then stirred additional intermediate rotating flows between itself and send the resulting main rotating flow in the pipe (RF patent №2446359, IPC: F24B 5/00, F24B 7/00).

The main disadvantages of this method are not enough high efficiency of the organization of process of burning in the furnace and receiving of products of combustion, which ultimately leads to lower the efficiency of the furnace.

The known method ensure fuel combustion, mainly wood in the furnace with vertically oriented case in which the channels air supply into the combustion area, which consists in laying of fuel in the combustion zone of the furnace with subsequent supply air and firing, in which the fuel is placed in the oven, set fire to the upper part of the amount of fuel volume, and the TV air supply into the combustion area perform such a way that air moves in the upper area of the combustion zone, with one main part of the channels are kept open, other additional open as fuel combustion and move a zone of burning down, and the air in the combustion zone in the initial and subsequent moments of time are fed through the main channels, and towards the end of process of burning - through main and additional (RF patent №2417341 IPC: F24B 1/00, F24B 5/00 - prototype).

This method is implemented as follows.

Through the door in a vertically oriented furnace case, in the combustion zone, stack fuel such as firewood. Over the weekend, part of the main channels in the combustion air is injected. For more channels at this time closed using a special device. The upper part of the amount of the fuel column set on fire. Fuel begins to burn in its upper part, and the combustion process continues for a long time, because ignites and burns the fuel has not immediately, but the upper portion, bounded by the walls of the combustion zone. Combustion products divert through a pipe. As burn-out of the upper part of the fuel column, if necessary, through the door enclose the new batch of fuel, which is then burned. A large part of the previously laid post of fuel remains in its original state.

When burning of the fuel column below a specified level, for example lower half of the post, the air coming through the channels involved in the process of burning is not in full, resulting in deteriorating conditions of mixing, and fuel begins to burn with lower efficiency. In this case, using a special device, open up more channels, and the combustion air is injected through their weekend parts, which contributes to the continuation of the combustion process with the given effective. Combustion products also set aside through the pipe.

The main disadvantages of this method of providing fuel combustion is a significant challenge in the distribution of air flows, the complexity of the design of the furnace due mobile parts of the device for closing/opening of additional channels, in the combustion zone and experiencing thermal stress, which leads to a decrease of reliability of work of the furnace and its appreciation.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate these disadvantages and create method of burning fuel, the use of which will allow to simplify the design of the furnace, to raise reliability of its work, and to increase the completeness of combustion, heat transfer and increase the time of the furnace at a constant fuel.

Fulfillment of this task is achieved by the fact that in the proposed method of fuel combustion in the furnace, mainly domestic, with a frame containing a door with glass for fuel loading, which made the channels air supply into the combustion chamber with the combustion zone, channels removal of combustion products of fuel combustion, flue to remove products of combustion, which consists in laying of fuel in the combustion zone of the furnace with the subsequent ignition of fuel, its combustion to produce heat, getting themselves combustion products with subsequent selection of products combustion heat by heating them furnace heating elements and removal of the products of combustion flue, according to the invention in the frame of the door of the furnace establish the panel, which shared the cross-flow section of the frame at least two parts, the upper cavity formed by the frame and referred to by the panel, connect with the combustion zone and are used for laying of fuel, mainly firewood, and the bottom connect with the combustion zone, thereby forming the main channel air supply into the combustion area, and with help from the panels form with inspection glass clearance, an employee of the first channel of the air in the combustion zone of the cavity of the main channel, and on the other end of the panel, opposite the mentioned channel, mostly in the place of its fastening to the furnace case, perform end-to-end channels, which connect the cavity of the main channel for the supply air with the combustion zone, thus forming a second channel air supply into the combustion area, while in the lower part of the furnace perform the third channel air supply into the combustion area, with the cavity of the mentioned channel on the one hand connects with the cavity of the main channel flow air, on the other connects to the bottom the cavity of the combustion zone, preferably, through channels in the base for the laying of fuel, and the fuel is placed in the combustion zone of the furnace with the education gap, preferably guaranteed, between the fuel and the walls of the combustion zone, at least, on one side, preferably two, oppositely positioned, set fire to the upper part of the amount of fuel volume, while at the initial moment of time for submission of air in the combustion zone is mainly used first channel, with the burning of the fuel column to a specific level, mainly to half, apply first and second channels, and at the completion of the process of burning is used primarily third channel, with the main flow of combustion products is shared by at least two additional intermediate flow by setting in the way mentioned the main thread profiled screen with Windows, mainly in its peripheral zone, and direct obtained additional intermediate flows through the mentioned window to the walls of the furnace, then, mainly, each additional intermediate stream develop and pass it along the walls of the furnace in its part, located close to the tube, then deploy additional intermediate streams, mostly everything at least once, to meet each other and give each thread a rotational movement, mainly in a spiral, then stirred additional intermediate rotating flows between itself and send the resulting rotational main stream in the chimney.

In a variant of application of the method of hydraulic resistance/communicating sections of these channels do so to provide, through the first channel in the initial moment of time the combustion air consumption, equivalent to about 10-20% of the total flow through second - 60-80%, through third - 10-20%, with the burning of the fuel column about mid to provide through the first channel in the initial moment of time the combustion air consumption, equivalent to about 10-20% of the total flow through the second - 30-40%, through third - 50-60%, and at the final stage of process of burning, to provide through the first channel in the initial moment of time the combustion air consumption, equivalent to about 10-20% of the total flow through the second - 10-20%, through third - 60-80%,

The air flow rate through the first channel in the initial moment of time burning, equivalent to about 10-20% of the total flow, provide on the basis that if you change any of the parties is a redistribution of the overall air flow, which leads to sub-optimal mode of combustion of the fuel column in the middle and lower parts.

Air flow through the second channel in the initial moment of burning time equal to approximately 60-80% from the total consumption, provide a given that if you change any of the parties is a redistribution of the overall air flow, which leads to sub-optimal mode of combustion of the fuel column in the upper and lower parts.

Air flow through the third channel in the initial moment of time burning, equivalent to about 10-20% of total consumption, provide a given that if you change any of the parties is a redistribution of the overall air flow, which leads to sub-optimal mode of combustion of the fuel column in the upper and middle parts.

The air flow rate through the first channel on the final stage of process of burning, equivalent to about 10-20% of total consumption, provide a given that if you change any of the parties is a redistribution of the overall air flow, which leads to sub-optimal mode of combustion of the fuel column in the middle and lower parts.

Air flow through the second channel is in the final stages of the combustion process, equal to about 10-20% of total consumption, provide a given that if you change any of the parties is a redistribution of the overall air flow, which leads to sub-optimal mode of combustion of the fuel column in the upper and lower parts.

Air flow through the third channel at the final stage of the combustion process, equal to about 60-80% of the total consumption, provide a given that if you change any of the parties is a redistribution of the overall air flow, which leads to sub-optimal mode of combustion of the fuel column in the upper and lower parts.

In a variant of application of the method of geometrical dimensions of the combustion zone is chosen from the relation H=(2...9)L, preferably N=(4...7)L, where H is the height of the combustion zone from the base to the entrance to the chimney, L - transverse size of the base.

The lower the value of the specified ratio selected on the basis that in further reduction is sharp deterioration in the terms of use of the oven, in particular decreases the volume of the loaded fuel and worsening conditions of burning, which leads to an unplanned mode burning, irregular burning of the fuel column and decrease in profitability of the furnace.

The upper value of the specified ratio selected on the basis that in further increase occurs deterioration of performance characteristics of the furnace, in particular the worsening in the terms of loading of fuel at the bottom. In addition, increases the time of burning of fuel in a single load, thus, interruption of combustion of the fuel will not be used until the end, which will not allow to organize burning with the required efficiency in this area.

In the variant of application of method of fuel, preferably wood add to the combustion zone as it is burning, however, regardless of the size of the burn-out post of fuel, fuel type within approximately 20-25% of the total volume of the fuel column.

The lower the value of the specified ratio selected on the basis that in further reducing the added volume of wood will burn through almost immediately, as the flame from the top of the remaining pillar of fuel will affect downloadable fuel from below and will ignite the whole volume of the loaded fuel, which leads to an unplanned mode burning, irregular burning of the fuel column and decrease in profitability of the furnace.

The upper value of the specified ratio selected on the basis that in further increase occurs deterioration of performance characteristics of the furnace, in particular, increases fuel consumption, as the flame from the top of the remaining pillar of fuel will affect downloadable fuel from below and will ignite the whole volume of the loaded fuel, which leads to an unplanned mode burning, irregular burning of the fuel column and decrease in profitability of the furnace.

In a variant of application of the method of mixing zone and create threads rotational motion is separated from channels for passing additional intermediate flows.

In the variant of application of the method profiled screen installed at a distance of 0.1-0.5 height of the furnace from the top cover of the furnace.

The lower the value of the specified ratio chosen on the assumption that with the further decrease is significant deterioration of working conditions furnace associated with the deterioration of the terms of spin flows, and, accordingly, the efficiency of the furnace.

The upper value of the specified ratio selected on the basis that in further increase is a significant deterioration of the mass-dimensional characteristics of the furnace without significant improvement of the conditions of heat transfer heat from combustion products to the heating elements of the furnace.

In a variant of application of the method of profiling the screen are in the form of the letter "V" with the location of the educated ribs about axis vertical line the furnace.

In the variant of application of the method guaranteed the gap between the walls of the combustion zone and provide fuel due to the implementation on the side walls of the combustion zone, preferably, the opposite, the longitudinal ribs, preferably, vertically oriented, with at least two lateral walls and the top of the facing into the combustion zone.

In the variant of application of the method, the distance l between vertices located opposite edges perform within l=(0,9 0,6...) L, where L is the distance between the peaks of these edges, L - distance between the opposite sides of the case.

The lower the value of the specified ratio selected on the basis that in further reduction is sharp deterioration in the terms of use of the oven, especially space between the post of fuel and walls of the combustion zone, in particular decreases the volume of the loaded fuel, which leads to non-nominal mode of combustion and reduce the efficiency of the furnace.

In the variant of application of the method height specified ribs h choose within h=(0,2 0,05...) L, with the Foundation's chosen within s=(...1,5 0,75)h, where h is the height fin, s - fin, L - distance between the opposite sides of the case.

The lower the value of the specified ratio for the base of the fin s chosen on the assumption that with the further decrease is the reduction of the gap between the fuel column and the walls of the combustion zone, which does not allow to organize burning with the required efficiency in this area.

The upper value of the specified ratio for rib height h selected on the basis that in further reduction is sharp deterioration in the terms of use of the oven, especially space between the post of fuel and walls of the combustion zone, in particular decreases the volume of the loaded fuel, which leads to non-nominal mode of combustion and reduce the efficiency of the furnace.

In the variant of application of the method ribs perform with a triangular cross-section.

The lower the value of the specified ratio for rib height h is chosen on the assumption that with the further decrease is the reduction of the gap between the fuel column and the walls of the combustion zone, which does not allow to organize burning with the required efficiency in this area.

For the implementation of this method proposed oven, containing, as a minimum, vertically oriented housing with combustion zone, which houses channels air supply into the combustion area, formed mainly the walls of the furnace and for laying bottom of fuel, exhaust pipe, the door with an inspection glass is installed, preferably in a frame on the case, which according to the invention in the frame of the door of the stove panel, cross divides the flow area of the frame at least two parts, the upper part of the cavity formed by the frame and referred to by the panel, connected to the combustion zone and is used for packing of fire wood, and another, lower, connected to the combustion zone and forms the main channel air supply into the combustion area, these panel forms with inspection glass canal linking the main cavity channel air flow with the combustion zone, while at the other end of the panel, opposite the mentioned channel, mostly in the place of its fastening to the furnace case, made through the channels connecting the cavity of the main channel for the supply air with the combustion zone and in the lower part of the furnace is executed a channel, the cavity of which are connected with the cavity of the main channel for the supply air and opens in the lower part of the cavity of the combustion zone, preferably, through channels in the base for the laying of fuel, and on the side walls of the combustion zone, preferably, opposite performed punch, facing the inside of the zone combustion, mainly in the form of longitudinal ribs, preferably vertically oriented, with at least two lateral walls and the top of the facing in the combustion zone, while in the upper part of the furnace, between the combustion chamber and exhaust pipe, a screen, preferably, profiled, with the formation of a cavity bounded by the upper lid of the furnace, side panels furnace body, mainly the sides of the oven, and the specified screen, and the screen is made of the window as grooves, mainly in its peripheral zone connecting the cavity of the combustion chamber with the specified cavity using horizontally oriented channels, these channels open to the specified cavity towards each other, and between the output parts of the channels is installed swirl.

In a version of geometrical dimensions of the combustion zone is chosen from the relation H=(2...9)L, preferably, N=(4...7)L, where H is the height of the combustion zone, from the base to the entrance to the chimney, L - transverse size of the base.

The upper value of the specified ratio selected on the basis that in further increase is a reduction of the gap between the post of fuel and walls of the combustion zone, which does not allow to organize burning with the required efficiency in this area.

In the variant of application of the method ribs perform with a triangular cross-section.

In a version ribs made with a triangular cross-section.

In version the distance l between vertices located opposite edges made within l=(0,9 0,6...) L, where L is the distance between the peaks of these edges, L - distance between the opposite sides of the case.

In a version rib height of h selected within h=(0,2 0,05...) L, with the Foundation's chosen within s=(...1,5 0,75)L, where h is the height fin, s - fin, L - distance between the opposite sides of the case.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the furnace used to implement this method, the position of the fuel and direction of air flow in the initial moment of time, figure 2 - type of furnace front in figure 3 - a cross section a-a - cross the zone of turbulence flows, figure 4 - a cross-section of the combustion zone, figure 5 - distribution of the flow of products of combustion in the furnace case in a perspective view. The arrows show the direction of the air flow.

The proposed method can be implemented using a furnace with the following design.

Basic elements proposed furnaces are:

1 - body;

2 - top cover;

3 - combustion zone;

4 - exhaust pipe;

5 - door;

6 - sight glass;

7 - frame;

8 - panel;

9 - the upper part of the frame;

10 - the lower part of the frame;

11 - the main channel for the supply of air;

12 - channel;

13 - through channel;

14 - channel;

15 - channels;

16 - bottom;

17 - fuel;

18 - the wall of the combustion zone;

19 - vertical ribs;

20 - the top edge;

21 - a wall ribs;

22 - clearance;

23 - channel removal of combustion products;

24 - shaped screen;

25 - cavity;

the 26 - box;

27 - peripheral area;

28 - channels;

29 - the output part of the channel;

30 - swirl;

31 - partitions.

Furnace for the implementation of the proposed method of burning fuel contains vertically oriented housing 1 top cover 2 and combustion zone 3, exhaust pipe, 4, 5 door with glass 6, set out in box 7 on a building 1. In frame 7 5 doors of the stove panel 8, dividing the cross-flow section of the frame at least two parts - the top 9 and the bottom 10. The upper part of the cavity formed by the frame 7 and referred to by the panel 8, connected to the combustion zone and is used for packing of fire wood, and another, lower, connected to the combustion zone and forms the main channel 11 air supply into the combustion area. Panel 8 forms with inspection glass 6 channel 12 connecting the cavity of the main channel 11 air supply to the combustion zone 3. At the other end of the panel 8, opposite the mentioned channel 12, mainly, in the place of its fastening to the furnace case, made through channels of 13 connecting the cavity of the main channel 11 air supply to the combustion zone 3. In the lower part of the furnace is made channel 14, the cavity of which are connected with the cavity of the main channel 11 supply air and opens in the lower part of the cavity of the combustion zone 3, preferably, through channels 15 at the bottom of 16 for laying fuel 17. On the walls of 18 the combustion zone 3 completed vertical ribs 19, with the top 20 and the walls 21. By performing on the walls of 18 the combustion zone 3 vertical ribs 19, between fuel 17 and 18 walls, a gap of 22 after laying fuel 17 the combustion zone 3.

In case 1 is the combustion zone 3 and made channels 11, 12, 13, 14 air supply into the combustion area 3 and 23 channels of combustion gases from the combustion chamber 5. The 23 channels are connected with an exhaust pipe 4. In the upper part of the furnace case 1, between the combustion zone 3 and exhaust pipe 4, has profiled screen 24 with the formation of the cavity 25, limited top cover 2, enclosure walls 1 and profiled screen 24. In the profiled screen 24 executed box 26 in the form of grooves, mainly in its peripheral zone 27 connecting the cavity of the combustion zone 3 with a cavity 25 using a horizontally oriented channels 28. Horizontally oriented channels 28 open in the cavity 25 towards each other, and between the output parts 29 these channels 28 is swirl 30.

In a version horizontally oriented channels 27 formed the side panels of the housing 1 furnaces, mainly walls, and vertically located partitions 31 profiled on the screen 24.

The proposed method with the proposed furnace is implemented as follows.

Through the door 5 vertically oriented housing 1 furnace in the combustion zone 3, laid fuel 17, for example, firewood. Through the channel 12, in the upper part of the combustion zone 3, air, and the air coming through the channels 13 and 15, in the initial moment of time in the combustion process is practically not involved. The upper part of the amount of the fuel column 17 set on fire. Fuel 17 begins to burn in its upper part, and the combustion process continues for a long time, because ignites and burns the fuel has not immediately, but the upper portion, bounded by the walls of the combustion zone 3. The combustion products with lower density than the incoming air, rise up and discharged through a chimney 4. By removal of hot combustion products with lower density, there is a flow of air at a low temperature, and, consequently, higher density inside the furnace, in the combustion zone, mainly through the channel 12.

As burn-out of the upper part of the fuel column 17, where necessary, through the door 5 enclosed the new batch of fuel, which is then burned. A large part of the pre-post fuels 17 remains in its original state.

When burning of the fuel column 17 below a specified level, for example, up to half of the post, the air coming through the channels 12, participates in the combustion process does not fully, which leads to deterioration of conditions of mixing, and fuel begins to burn with lower efficiency. In this case, there is a redistribution of streams of air due to the difference of densities of the products of combustion and air, and in the burning process begins to participate air coming through the channel 13, in part, through channels 15.

When burning of the fuel column 17 below a specified level, for example less than a half column, air coming through the channels 13, participates in the combustion process does not fully, which leads to deterioration of conditions of mixing, and fuel begins to burn with lower efficiency. In this case, there is a redistribution of streams of air due to the difference of densities, and in the burning process begins to participate air coming through the channels 15 at the bottom of 16. In this case, the burning of fuel continues with the same efficiency up to his full burnout.

On the walls of 18 the combustion zone 3 completed vertical ribs 19, with the top 20 and the walls 21. By performing on the walls of 18 the combustion zone 3 vertical ribs 19, with the top 20 and the walls 21, between fuel 17 and 18 walls, a gap of 22 after laying of fuel in the combustion zone.

Due to the combustion of the fuel column 17 from both above and from the lateral sides of heating the furnace housing 1 occurs more intensively, thereby reducing the heating time of heated area to a specified temperature.

As burn-out of the upper part of the fuel column 17, where necessary, through the door 5 enclose the new batch of fuel, which is then burned. A large part of the pre-post fuels 17 remains in its original state.

When burning of the fuel column 17 below a specified level, for example less than a half column, air coming through the channels 3, participates in the combustion process does not fully, which leads to deterioration of conditions of mixing, and fuel begins to burn with less efficient for the following reasons.

By performing between the walls of the combustion zone 3 and the fuel column 17 clearance 22, part of the air of channel 12, 14, 15 enters the gap 22, and the side walls of the fuel column also continue to burn. Combustion of the fuel column 17 proceeds as above, due to the air flow through the channels 12, and partially, 14, 15, and from the sides, at the expense of the air intake channel 4 and, partially, channel 12, 13, 14 and 15 in the gap 22.

The combustion products are discharged via a chimney 4.

The combustion of the fuel 17 occurs heat with the formation of the main flow of combustion products, high temperature. Formed the main stream of combustion products is shared by at least two additional intermediate flow through the installation on his way profiled screen with 24 Windows 26, mainly in its peripheral zone 27. Received additional intermediate streams through the Windows of 26 guide to the walls of the furnace 1. Then each additional intermediate flow deploy and guide along the walls of the furnace 1 in its part, located close to the exhaust pipe 4, after which additional intermediate flows deploy, at least once, towards each other and served in the cavity 25 through the weekend part 29 28 channels. From the output of parts of 29 channel 28 additional intermediate streams served on swirl 30, installed in the cavity 25. Passing through swirl 30, each additional intermediate thread acquires the rotational movement, mainly in a spiral that leads to the intensification of heat exchange of the flows between itself and the heating elements of the furnace. Then additional intermediate rotating flows mix among themselves and sent to exhaust pipe 4.

Conducted by the author, applicant tests of the full-size sample furnaces for the implementation of the proposed method showed that the temperature of exhaust flue gases decreased approximately 200 to 300 C, with a simultaneous increase in the time of the furnace with the same fuel consumption, which allowed to significantly improve the efficiency of the furnace.

Conducted by the authors and by the applicant tests of the full-size sample of the proposed furnace confirmed the correctness laid technological design solutions.

The use of the proposed technical solutions allows to simplify the design of the furnace and to raise reliability of its work.

1. The method of fuel combustion in the furnace, mainly domestic, with a frame containing a door with glass for fuel loading, which made the channels air supply into the combustion chamber with the combustion zone, channels removal of combustion products of fuel combustion, flue to remove products of combustion, which consists in laying of fuel in the combustion zone of the furnace with the subsequent ignition of fuel, its combustion to produce heat, getting themselves combustion products with subsequent selection from the combustion products heat by warming up their heating elements furnace and removal of the products of combustion flue characterized by the fact that in the frame of the door of the furnace establish the panel, which shared the cross-flow section of the frame at least two parts, the upper cavity formed by the frame and referred to by the panel, connect with the combustion zone and are used for laying of fuel, mainly firewood, and the bottom connect with the combustion zone, thereby forming the main channel air supply into the combustion area, and with help from the panels form with inspection glass gap, an employee of the first channel of the air in the combustion zone of the cavity of the main channel, and on the other end of the panel, opposite the mentioned channel, mostly in the place of its fastening to the furnace case, perform end-to-end channels, which connect the cavity of the main channel for the supply air with the combustion zone, thus forming a second channel air supply into the combustion area, while in the lower part of the furnace perform the third channel air supply into the combustion area, with the cavity of the mentioned channel on the one hand connects with the cavity of the main channel flow air, on the other connected to the lower part of the cavity of the combustion zone, preferably through the channels in the bottom for laying of fuel, and the fuel is placed in the combustion zone of the furnace with the education gap, preferably guaranteed, between the fuel and the walls of the combustion zone, at least, on one side, preferably two, oppositely positioned, set fire to the upper part of the amount of fuel volume, while at the initial moment of time for submission of air in the combustion zone is mainly used first channel, with the burning of the fuel column to a specific level, mainly to half, apply first and second channels, and at the completion of the process of burning is used primarily the third channel, with the resulting main stream of combustion products is shared by at least two additional intermediate flow by setting in the way mentioned the main thread profiled screen with Windows, mainly in its peripheral zone, and direct obtained additional intermediate flows through the mentioned window to the walls of the furnace, then mostly each additional intermediate flow develop and pass it along the walls of the furnace in its part, located close to the tube, then deploy additional intermediate streams mostly everything at least once, to meet each other and give each thread a rotational movement, mainly in a spiral, then stirred additional intermediate rotating flows between itself and send the resulting rotational main stream in the chimney.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic resistance/communicating sections of these channels do so to provide, through the first channel in the initial moment of time the combustion air consumption, equivalent to about 10-20% of the total flow through the second - 60-80%, through third - 10-20%, when burning of the fuel column about mid to provide through the first channel in the initial moment of time the combustion air consumption, equivalent to about 10-20% of the total flow through the second - 30-40%, through third - 50-60%, and at the final stage of process of burning, to provide through the first channel in the initial moment of time the combustion air consumption, equivalent to about 10-20% of the total flow through the second - 10-20%, through third - 60-80%.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the geometrical dimensions of the combustion zone is chosen from the relation H=(2...9)L, preferably N=(4...7)L, where H is the height of the combustion zone from the base to the entrance to the chimney, L - transverse size of the base.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fuel, preferably wood add to the combustion zone as it is burning, however, regardless of the size of the burn-out post of fuel, fuel type within approximately 20-25% of total amount of the initially established post of fuel.

5. The method of burning of claim 1, characterized in that the mixing zone and create threads rotational motion isolated from channels for passing additional intermediate flows.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that shaped screen installed at a distance of 0.1-0.5 height of the furnace.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the profiling of the screen are in the form of the letter "V" with the location of the educated ribs about axis vertical line the furnace.

12. Furnace for the implementation of the method according to claim 1, containing at least vertically oriented housing with combustion zone, which houses channels air supply into the combustion area, formed mainly by the walls of the furnace and for laying bottom of fuel, exhaust pipe, the door with an inspection glass is installed, preferably in a frame on casing, which is characterized by the fact that in the frame of the door of the stove panel, cross divides the flow area of the frame at least two parts, the upper part of the cavity formed by the frame and referred to by the panel, connected with the zone combustion and is used for packing of fire wood, and another, lower, connected to the combustion zone and forms the main channel air supply into the combustion area, these panel forms with inspection glass canal linking the cavity of the main channel for the supply air with the combustion zone, while at the other end of the panel, opposite the mentioned channel, mostly in the place of its fastening to the furnace case, made through the channels connecting the cavity of the main channel for the supply air with the combustion zone and in the lower part of the furnace is executed a channel, the cavity of which are connected with the cavity of the main channel for the supply air and opens in the lower part of the cavity of the combustion zone, preferably through channels in the base for the laying of fuel, and on the side walls of the combustion zone, preferably opposite performed punch, facing the inside of the combustion zone, mostly in the form of longitudinal ribs, preferably vertically oriented, with at least two lateral walls and the top of the facing in the combustion zone, while in the upper part of the furnace, between the combustion chamber and exhaust pipe, a screen, preferably profiled, with the formation of a cavity bounded by the upper lid of the furnace, side panels the furnace case, mainly the sides of the oven, and the specified screen, and the screen is made of the window as grooves, mainly in its peripheral zone connecting the cavity of the combustion chamber with the specified cavity using a horizontally oriented channels, these channels open to the specified cavity towards each other, and between the output parts of the channels is installed swirl.

13. Bake according to claims 1, 2, characterized in that the geometrical dimensions of the combustion zone is selected based on the relation H=(1...7)L, preferably H=(2...5)L, where H is the height of the combustion zone from the base to the entrance to the chimney, L - transverse size of the base.

14. Bake according to claims 1, 2, characterized in that the distance l between the vertices of these edges is l=(0,9 0,6...) L, where L is the distance between the peaks of these edges, L - distance between the opposite sides of the case.

15. Bake according to claims 1, 2, characterized in that edges have a triangular cross-section.

16. Bake according to claims 1, 2 wherein the height of the specified rib h is h=(0,2 0,05...) L, with the Foundation's chosen within s=(...1,5 0,75)L, where h is the height fin, s - fin, L - distance between the opposite sides of the case.