Sensorless security system for determination of rotation of laundry drum of household electric appliance driven by three-phase asynchronous electric motor. RU patent 2519908.

IPC classes for russian patent Sensorless security system for determination of rotation of laundry drum of household electric appliance driven by three-phase asynchronous electric motor. RU patent 2519908. (RU 2519908):

D06F58/28 - Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05)

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FIELD: personal use articles.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an electric appliance (1) containing a body (2), a laundry drum (3) mounted inside the body (2) so that to be capable of rotation round a rotation axis, a three-phase asynchronous electric drive (6) rotating the laundry drum (3) and a sensorless security system (7) intended to determine where the rotor (32) rotation is in place (32) with a view of determining whether rotation of the laundry drum (3) is in place. The sensorless security system (7) is designed so that to enable supply of three DC values (Ias, Ibs, Ics) to the stator three power windings (31) during a preset time interval (ΔT) for the rotor magnetisation (32), direct currents (Ias, Ibs, Ics) supply tripping, determination of the temporal character of at least one of the three currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr) induced in the stator windings (30) as a result of the rotor magnetisation (32) and determination whether rotation of the rotor (32) is in place based on the temporal character of at least one of the three induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr).

EFFECT: design improvement.

16 cl, 7 dwg

The invention relates to the field of security, intended to determine the rotation of the drum for linen appliance, particularly washing machine, containing a body, in which is installed with the possibility of free rotation dryer for linen; the door, connected with the frame chassis and is used to open and close the holes to access the dryer for linen; three-phase induction motor that serves to bring the rotation of the drum for linen; and inverter, containing in its turn power electrical circuit consisting of six transistors, located in pairs in three branches schemes that are connected to the three phase asynchronous electric motor stator and the control unit, which performs continuous control of six transistors for submission to the engine three currents stator windings for the formation of a magnetic field, resulting in a rotation of the rotor of the electric motor.

As is known, the security of the washing machine the above type are designed to measure the speed of rotation of the rotor three-phase asynchronous electric motor with the purpose of definition, rotates or not dryer for linen. Information received by the security system on the rotor is spinning or not, are usually sent to a Central control unit that monitors the state of the washing machine and allows or prohibits the safe door is opened in case of power loss.

More specifically, in the case of power loss, if the Central control unit that monitors the status of a washing machine that detects the presence of rotation of the drum for linen, it prevents accidental touch user washing machine to a rotating drum. In fact, the washing machine has a relatively large moment of inertia, which provide rotation of the drum for a considerable time after loss of power.

With this purpose, some of the currently available on the market of security systems include sensors that are installed on the motor and intended for measurement of speed of rotation of the rotor, and computational module, which determines the fact of rotor rotation, when the speed measured by the sensors, different from zero.

Although the security of the type specified above are effective and reliable, it is necessary to use speed sensors, which, in addition to the complexity of the hardware part of the system, have a very significant negative impact on the total cost of the security.

Respectively, were proposed technical solutions without the use of sensors in which the inverter the control unit is used to assess the speed of rotation of the rotor on the basis of the values of current and voltage windings used in the mathematical model of electric behavior of three-phase asynchronous electric motor.

More specifically, the asynchronous electric motor can be represented by a system of equations in which the voltage supplied by the inverter, and the measured phase currents of the electric motor are input variables, the speed of rotation of the rotor is the output function, and the parameters of the equation are the resistance of the windings of the stator and rotor, and also the values of inductances of windings of the stator and rotor. Knowing these parameters, you can calculate the speed and implement this function in the controller.

Although security system that determines the presence or absence of rotation of the drum for linen, working on the basis of the estimated speed above the control unit is not so reliable to determine the presence of rotation or absence of rotation in case of failure of a power system.

That is, in case of refusal of the power system in the control device temporarily disappear specified values of currents or stator voltage used to drive the rotation of the electric motor, and it is not able to make a correct assessment of the rotor speed. In this case, there is an automatic reset device control to reset the motor control by forming the status reset circuits of stator and rotor.

In other words, although the above device management is effective and reliable in determining the presence or absence of rotation in the "normal" operating conditions, it is not possible to provide these functions in case of failure of the power supply system, which affects the safety of the washing machine.

Accordingly, the objective of the invention is to create a washing machine with Sensorless security system, which would be inexpensive to manufacture and reliable in determining the existence of rotation of the drum for linen in case of failure of a power system.

This problem is solved in household appliance under paragraph 1 of the claims and preferably in any of the claims based directly or indirectly dependent, paragraph 1, of the claims.

The invention also relates to a method for determining the existence of drum rotation for linen household washing machines according to paragraph 7 of the claims and preferably according to any of claims, directly or indirectly dependent on item 7 of the claims.

A variant of realization of the given invention is not limiting his essence enter here framework will be described on the basis of the example with reference to the attached drawings.

Figure 1 shows a side view, with details removed for clarity, washing machine, equipped with Sensorless security system in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 shows a block diagram of Sensorless security, the corresponding figure 1, in the state of magnetization of the rotor.

Figure 3 shows a block diagram of Sensorless security, the corresponding figure 1, in a state where it is carried out determination of the values of the currents induced in the stator in response to the flow of current in windings.

Figure 4 shows the timing diagram of currents, given in the stator winding Sensorless security system corresponding to figure 2 and figure 3.

Figure 5 shows the timing diagram of currents induced in the stator windings fixed rotor.

Figure 6 shows the timing diagram of currents induced in the stator windings of rotating rotor.

7 shows the block diagram of operations Sensorless security system to detect the presence of rotation of the drum for linen washing machine.

Position 1 figure 1 is marked household appliance as a whole, which essentially contains external enclosure 2, drum 3 for linen, installed inside the housing 2 and directly facing the 4 hole for loading and unloading, educated in case 2, 5 door, connected with the housing 2 and having the ability to move, like rotating between open position and closed position, respectively opening and closing the hole 4.

Electropribor 1 also contains a three-phase asynchronous motor 6, which, as is widely known, are not described in detail here, except that it contains the stator 30, with three-phase winding 31, and the rotor 32, installed with the possibility of free rotation inside the stator 30 and coupled with a dryer for linen using the well-known item 33 transfer of rotation is intended for rotation of the drum 3 for linen.

Electropribor 1 also contains a Sensorless system 7 security to determine whether rotor three-phase asynchronous electric motor 6 employee to determine rotates or not rotating drum 3 for linen after the termination of failure of a power system.

It should be noted that the dryer for linen typically has a relatively large moment of inertia, which causes the rotation of the drum for a long time after the failure of a power system.

Unlike Sensorless security systems installed on known washing machines, Sensorless system 7 security according to this invention made so that it delivers within a predetermined time interval DT magnetization three values DC Ias, Ibs, Ics to three phase windings 31 stator of a three-phase asynchronous electric motor 6 for the magnetization of the rotor 32 three-phase asynchronous motor 6.

Sensorless system 7 security also has a capability to feed off DC currents Ias, Ibs, Ics on the stator winding 30 at the end of a predetermined interval Delta t time magnetization, and it defines a temporary character at least one of the currents Iar, Ibr, Icr, and propelled rotor 32 in the windings of the stator 30 in the magnetization due to the supply of DC currents Ias, Ibs, Ics.

Sensorless system 7 security also made with the possibility of determining the presence or absence of rotation of the rotor 32 three-phase asynchronous electric motor 6 in the function of certain of its time parameters of at least one of the three currents induced Iar, Ibr, Icr.

More specifically, Sensorless system 7 security detects the presence of rotation of the rotor 32 three-phase asynchronous electric motor 6 when at least one of the currents Iar, Ibr, Icr, induced in the windings of the stator 30 magnetized rotor 32, has essentially variable, with decreasing with time and amplitude.

More specifically, figure 4 shows an example timing diagram supplied currents Ias, Ibs, Ics, as figure 6 shows an example timing diagram of currents Iar, Ibr, Icr, induced in the windings of the stator magnetized rotor, when the rotor rotates. It should be noted that the temporary nature of currents Iar, Ibr, Icr, induced in the windings of the stator rotating magnetized rotor, is essentially a sine wave and its amplitude is continuously decreasing exponentially in time with points ZC crossing the zero line.

Sensorless system 7 security also made with the possibility of missing the rotation of the rotor 32 three-phase asynchronous electric motor 6 after the termination of failure of the power system when the amount of at least one of the currents Iar, Ibr, Icr, and propelled rotor 32 in the windings of the stator 31 three-phase asynchronous electric motor 6, decreases essentially exponentially in time.

More specifically, figure 5 shows an example timing diagram supplied currents Ias, Ibs, Ics and currents Iar, Ibr, Icr, induced in the windings of the stator is fixed magnetized rotor. It should be noted that the curve is a function of time currents Iar, Ibr, Icr, induced in the windings of the stator is fixed magnetized rotor, decreases exponentially with points ZC crossing the zero line.

In the embodiment of the present invention, shown on the drawings, Sensorless security system 7 has the benefit that it determines the temporal characteristic, decreasing exponentially corresponding to the absence of rotation of the rotor, when following the submission of constant currents Ias, Ibs, it defines Ics no points ZC zero-crossings axis induced currents Iar, Ibr, Icr.

Figure 2 and 3 show the preferred option of the Sensorless system 7 security, which essentially includes power wiring diagram 15, with two terminals 9 for submission to the first and second feed lines 10, 11 DC voltage and three control terminals 13, United respectively, with three-phase windings 31 stator three terminals 14 three-phase asynchronous electric motor 6.

More specifically, the electric power scheme 15 has three control branch 16, United with two feeding lines 10 and 11, and each of them contains two electronic switch 18, such as the transistor, and the intermediate node (point branching) 19, which is located between two switches 18 and coupled with appropriate phase winding 31 stator through the relevant terminal 14 three-phase asynchronous electric motor 6.

More specifically, the smart host 19 connects the switch 18, located in the upper part of the branch circuit 16, with switch 18, located in the lower part of the branch circuit 16.

Sensorless system 7 security also contains three modules 20 for measuring currents, which are located along the three branches scheme 16, preferably in the lower part of the branch circuit 16, and are designed to measure the instantaneous values of currents running through phase windings 31 stator.

In the example shown in figure 3, the modules contain 20 shunt winding, which measure the current values Iar, Ibr, Icr, induced in the windings of the stator 30 magnetized rotating rotor 32.

Sensorless system 7 security also contains a control unit 21, prednaznachennyi for: submission to the transistors 18 control signals SCOM, switching transistors between spending and locking States, obtain values of the currents Iar, Ibr, Icr, measured shunt windings and generate signal status ST, pointing to the rotation or absence of rotation of the rotor 32 three-phase asynchronous electric motor 6.

More specifically, the control unit 21 preferably contains a microprocessor, such as digital signal processor (DSP), intended for realization of procedures for determining the rotation or absence of rotation of the rotor three-phase asynchronous electric motor 6 after the failure of the supply system, and who shall perform the operations described in more detail below.

Referring to the flowchart shown in Fig.7, in the case of system failure power unit 21 management closes switches 18 power electric circuits 15 for submission to the phase winding, 31 three stator currents Ias, Ibs, Ics (section 100).

In the example shown in figure 4, after the failure of the supply system, i.e. when the electric household washing machine provides the supply voltage, power electric circuit takes 15 to phase windings stator following currents: the current Ias, equal to about 2 a, and currents Ibs and Ics, equal to about 1 A.

Three supplied current Ias, Ibs, Ics part is subjected to application rotor 32 motor 6, which leads to a temporary accumulation of energy.

After a predetermined interval Delta t time magnetizing unit 21 management disables currents Ias, Ibs, Ics from phase windings 31 stator, which leads to demagnetization rotor 32 motor 6 (section 110). At this stage rotor 32 three-phase asynchronous electric motor 6 gives the energy stored during the magnetization supplied currents Ias, Ibs, Ics, and the energy of the rotor causes currents Iar, Ibr, Icr in phase winding 31 stator 30, and the time response of which will depend on rotating rotor 32 or not rotating.

As mentioned above, if the rotor 32 turns, each of currents Iar, Ibr, Icr is essentially a time-varying nature of gradually decreasing amplitude, while in the opposite case, i.e. if the rotor 32 fixed, the value of each of these currents is reduced esponenziale in time and the intersection points of the zero axis no.

More specifically, as noted above, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention block 21 management determines the temporary character of every current Iar, Ibr, Icr based on a points ZC crossing the zero axis curves of these currents.

More specifically, having the sequence of points ZC crossing the zero axis curves currents, block 21 management determines the presence on the merits of the variable nature of the current (section 140), formed by the rotation of the rotor 32, while in case of absence of the zero-crossings axis control unit determines the gradual reduction of the current time, caused by a lack of rotor rotation 32 (section 150).

It should be noted, however, that in another embodiment of the present invention block 21 management determines the temporal nature of each of induced currents, using the procedure of discretization curves currents.

After it was determined the temporary nature of induced currents, the control unit generates a signal ST state, indicating the presence of rotation of the rotor (section 170) and, therefore, drum rotation for linen (section 180) in the case of the variable temporal dependence of the currents.

In addition, the block 21 management generates a signal ST state, pointing to the absence of rotation of the rotor (section 190), respectively, and the dryer for linen (200 unit) in case if the induced currents are reduced esponenziale in time.

Signal ST can be served on the witness block 50 (figure 1), which prevents the door is opened 5 when the signal ST indicates the presence of rotation of the rotor 32 three-phase asynchronous electric motor 6 and, therefore, drum rotation 3 for linen.

In view of the above facts it should be noted that the block 21 of management may determine the presence of rotation of the rotor 32, as described above, based on the time dependence of at least one of the induced currents, and this means that Sensorless security system can contain only one module 20 to measure current.

In addition to the above, it should be noted that Sensorless security system may also have an advantage in that it allows you to define the speed of the rotor 32 motor 6 on the basis of the frequency of one of the currents Iar, Ibr, Icr circulating in the phase windings of the stator and propelled rotor stator windings.

The above Sensorless security system has the following advantages. First, it is very cheap, because it does not require additional electronic components. Namely, described Sensorless security system contains electronic components inverter, which is typically used for control of three-phase asynchronous electric motor, but in which the invention with great convenience allows to realize the above procedure control, and this procedure can be conveniently written in the control unit in the form of software and firmware.

Secondly, persistent currents applied to the coils of the stator leads in the rotor due to its rotation electromotive force and, consequently, currents, which, according to Lenz's law, create a counter-generating their source, i.e. the rotor rotation. In other words, besides the possibility to determine the status of rotation or absence of rotation, supply DC currents also has a braking effect on the rotor and, therefore, dryer for linen, which is very important from the point of view of safety of operation of the washing machine in case of failure of a power system.

1. Household Electropribor, containing case (2), drum (3) for linen, installed inside the case (2), with the possibility of rotation around the axis of rotation, three-phase asynchronous motor (6) to adjust the rotation of the drum (3) for linen and Sensorless system (7) security to detect the presence of rotation of rotor (32) three-phase asynchronous electric motor (6) to determine the presence or absence of rotation of the drum (3) for linen, characterized in that system (7) security made with the possibility of: - supply of three dimensions DC currents (Ias, Ibs, Ics) to the three-phase windings (31) stator (30) three-phase asynchronous electric motor (6) within a predetermined time interval (Delta t)to magnetize the rotor (32) three-phase asynchronous electric motor (6); - cessation of constant currents (Ias, Ibs, Ics) to the coils of the stator (30) at the end of a predetermined time interval (DT) and the definition of a temporary nature at least one of the three induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr)induced in the windings of the stator (30) in response to the magnetization of the rotor (32); - determine whether or the absence of rotation of rotor (32) three-phase asynchronous motor (6) on the basis of a temporary nature at least one of the measured three induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr).

2. Household electrical device according to claim 1, wherein the Sensorless system (7) security made with the possibility of determining the presence of rotation of rotor (32) three-phase asynchronous electric motor (6)when at least one of the induced currents has essentially variable, and its value decreases with time.

3. Household electrical device according to claim 1, wherein the Sensorless system (7) security made with the possibility of determining points (ZC) crossing the zero line at least one of the induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr) and the definition of a temporary nature induced current on the basis of points (ZC) crossing the zero line.

4. Household electrical device according to claim 2, characterized in that Sensorless system (7) security made with the possibility of determining points (ZC) crossing the zero line at least one of the induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr) and the definition of a temporary nature induced current on the basis of points (ZC) crossing the zero line.

5. Household appliance on any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the Sensorless system (7) security made with the possibility of missing the rotation of the rotor (32) three-phase asynchronous electric motor (6)when the value of at least one of the induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr) esponenziale decreases with time.

6. Household electrical device according to claim 5, wherein the Sensorless system (7) security made with the possibility of determining the presence of crossings (ZC) the zero axis at least one of the three induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr) and the definition of a temporary nature induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr), decreasing esponenziale with time, when the induced current (Iar, Ibr, Icr) has no intersection points of the zero axis.

7. Household appliance on any of claim 2-4, 6, wherein the system (7) security made with the possibility of definition of speed of rotation of rotor (32) on the basis of the number of points (ZC) crossing the zero line, measured within a predetermined interval.

8. Household electrical device according to claim 5, wherein the system (7) security made with the possibility of definition of speed of rotation of rotor (32) on the basis of the number of points (ZC) crossing the zero line, measured within a predetermined interval.

9. The method of determining the presence of rotation of the drum (3) for linen appliance (1), driven in rotation around the axis with three-phase asynchronous electric motor (6)is characterized by the fact that it includes the stages in which: - served three permanent current (Ias, Ibs, Ics) to phase windings (31) stator (30) three-phase asynchronous electric motor (6) within a predetermined time interval (Delta t)to magnetize the rotor (32) three-phase asynchronous electric motor (6); - switch off the supply of DC currents (Ias, Ibs, Ics) to stator (30) after pre-specified time interval (Delta t) and determine vremeni character at least one of the three induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr)induced in the stator (30) Magnetisation of the rotor (32); - determine the presence or absence of rotation of rotor (32) three-phase asynchronous electric motor (6) on the basis of a temporary nature at least one of measured currents induced (Iar, Ibr, Icr).

10. The method of claim 9, characterized by the fact that include a step in which determine the presence of rotation of rotor (32) three-phase asynchronous electric motor (6)when at least one of the induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr) has essentially variable temporal in nature, and its amplitude decreases with time.

11. The method of claim 9, characterized by the fact that it includes the stages at which determine the point (ZC) crossing the zero line at least one of the three induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr) and determine the temporary nature of the induced current on the basis of the presence or absence of points (ZC) crossing the zero axis.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that it includes the stages at which determine the point (ZC) crossing the zero line at least one of the three induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr) and determine the temporary nature of the induced current on the basis of the presence or absence of points (ZC) crossing the zero axis.

13. Way on any of PP-12, which is characterized by the fact that include a step in which determine the absence of rotation of rotor (32) three-phase asynchronous electric motor (6)when at least one of the induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr) is of temporary nature when its amplitude decreases essentially exponentially with time.

14. The method according to item 13, which is characterized by the fact that it includes the stages at which determine the presence of points (ZC) crossing the zero line at least one of the three induced currents (Iar, Ibr, Icr) and determine the temporary nature of the induced current in which its amplitude decreases essentially exponentially with time, if the induced current (Iar, Ibr, Icr) has no points (ZC) crossing the zero axis.

15. Way on any of § § 11, 12, 14, characterized by the fact that include a step in which determine the speed of the rotor (32) on the basis of the number of points (ZC) crossing the zero axis, measured within a pre-specified time interval measurements.

16. The method according to item 13, which is characterized by the fact that include a step in which determine the speed of the rotor (32) on the basis of the number of points (ZC) crossing the zero axis, measured within a pre-specified time interval measurements.