Uninterrupted and secured power supply system for crucial power consumers

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: system consists of an accumulator battery, a direct-current motor coupled to the generator shaft, a three-phase rectifier, the system has an asynchronous generator with rotor and special stator windings with load connection terminals taken from the middle of the above windings, the main and auxiliary exciting capacitors, a voltage regulator, a frequency control and regulating unit, a regulating element, an active power directional relay, a high-speed breaker, and the supply mains.

EFFECT: expansion of functionality and provision of load commutation in emergency mode without discontinuity in sinusoid.

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The invention relates to power engineering, in particular to the field of power supply to consumers of electricity. To responsible consumers include the following main groups: hardware local area network systems; special communication; technical means of satellite data network; security systems and equipment strategic interest and similar equipment, preventing rupture of the sinusoid in the time of switching to the backup source.

Known systems ATS (automatic transfer), which provide load switching from one independent power source to another, thereby making the power supply. The lack of ABP that at the time of switching of the switching devices (circuit breakers, contactors and the like) of the working and back-up power source power supply is interrupted.

Known static uninterruptible power supply units, based on transformation of DC power from the rectifier or the battery into three-phase alternating current. The main Assembly of such a unit is the inverter current is complex and expensive unit, performed at a power semiconductor technology, which is a disadvantage of such a system. The output waveform contains additionally the e harmonic voltage and current.

Known uninterruptible power system consumers alternating current and voltage (patent RU 2208285, IPC H02J 9/04, NN 5/10, NN 7/06. Published 10.07.2003). This system uninterrupted power supply of consumers of alternating current and voltage containing the load, two independent power sources with the same frequency and phase sequence, two asynchronous machines, two condensing units, with rotor induction machines jointed mechanically on the same shaft, the stator winding induction machines, condensing units and half load connected each to its own independent power source. There is a diagram of the control system is made on the contactors.

According to the description in the normal operation mode asynchronous machines operate with engines idling, rotating common shaft. Capacitors compensate for reactive power in the network, increasing its cosφ. Load, motor and capacitors eat each from their line. In the accident on any of the lines decreases, the voltage at its input and turns off the contactor damaged line. Asynchronous machine intact line continues to rotate the common shaft. Machine is off line switches in the generator mode, excited by the capacitor battery and powering the load disconnected line. Load the second line continues to eat of it. the ri this third contactor connects the load to a working line. Thus, it is an uninterrupted supply of 100%load.

In our opinion, the known system has a low reliability and the following significant disadvantages:

1. In the accident, for example, on line 1 (patent), if the induction motor 9 quickly and automatically initiated from the capacitors 5, this line will always be tension, and the contactor 13 is not disconnected from the network and disturbed operation.

2. In the accident in the line at the moment of excitation of the motor 9 in the load 3 will be the start of an induction motor, then the process of self-excitation will not occur.

3. When two asynchronous machines, for example, 10 in the mode of a drive motor, and a 9 - asynchronous generator - frequency current through slip fall sharply.

Known Autonomous power system (prototype, patent RU 2284644, IPC NR 9/02, NR 9/30. Published 27.09.2006), consisting of a battery, a rheostat, direct current motor, synchronous generator with exciter and power consumption of nodes, where synchronous generator with exciter is rigidly connected with the direct current motor and has a first, second and third outputs connected respectively to the first, second and third inputs consumed by nodes, and the output of the battery is connected to the input of the rheostat will complement the correctly entered a three-phase rectifier with a smoothing filter, automatic release and the unit automatically adjusts power, the first, second and third outputs of the synchronous generator with exciter are connected respectively with the first, second and third inputs of the three-phase rectifier with a smoothing filter, the output of which is connected through the unit automatically adjusts power to the first input of the automatic trip unit, a second input connected to the output of the rheostat, and the output to the input of the direct current motor. The disadvantages of the known system are:

1. The drive circuit is a DC motor that receives power through a three-phase rectifier from the generator. Thus, in addition to consumer nodes from the generator consumes power and the drive motor.

2. The power of the generator and drive motor are comparable, therefore, the proposed control scheme with variable load consumer nodes causes swinging system of Autonomous power.

3. Not supported stable frequency current generator with a known scheme for speed control of the driving of the DC motor.

4. The presence of a rheostat in the control circuit reduces the overall efficiency of the system.

The technical result of the invention is to expand the functionality of the system esperaban the th and guaranteed power supply, improving reliability and providing switching load under emergency conditions without breaking the sine wave of the supply voltage.

The technical result of the invention is achieved by the fact that the system is trouble free and guaranteed power for the most demanding consumers, consisting of batteries, direct-current motor connected to the shaft of the generator, three-phase rectifier has an asynchronous generator with a rotor and a special stator winding with leads for connection of the load taken from the middle of these windings, the primary and secondary capacitors excitation regulator-a voltage regulator, the control device, and frequency control, regulatory element such as a transistor, relay direction of active power, high speed circuit breaker, supply network, and a special stator winding are connected in a triangle and vertices this triangle is connected with the main capacitor excitation, the United triangle and additional capacitors excitation, the United star, and through a three-phase inputs relay direction of active power and high performance circuit breaker with the mains supply connected to the inputs of three-phase controlled rectifier with functions saradnik the device, and its outputs are connected with the conclusions of the battery and armature of the DC motor, which shaft is rigidly connected to the rotor of the asynchronous generator, the field winding of a DC motor through a regulatory element such as a transistor, is also connected with the conclusions of the battery, the input-regulating element connected to the output of the control and regulation of frequencies, the inputs of the latter are connected with the conclusions of the special winding for connection of the load to these pins is connected and the input of the regulator is a voltage regulator whose output is connected with the zero point of the star of additional capacitors excitement.

The novelty of the claimed proposal due to the fact that due to the design features, namely asynchronous generator special stator winding are connected in a triangle, the vertices of this triangle are connected with the main capacitor excitation, the United triangle, and additional capacitors excitation United star, and through a three-phase inputs relay direction of active power and high performance circuit breaker with the mains supply connected to the inputs of three-phase controlled rectifier with the functions of the charger, and its outputs are connected with the conclusions of the battery and armature movement is of the motor is DC, shaft which is rigidly connected to the rotor of the asynchronous generator, the field winding of a DC motor through a regulatory element such as a transistor, is also connected with the conclusions of the battery, the input-regulating element connected to the output of the control and regulation of frequencies, the inputs of the latter are connected with the conclusions of the special winding for connection of the load to these pins is connected and the input of the regulator is a voltage regulator whose output is connected with the zero point of the star of additional excitation capacitors, to achieve the technical result consists in extending the functionality of the system and uninterrupted power supply, improving reliability and ensuring the switching of the load under emergency conditions without breaking sine wave of the supply voltage.

The proposed solution is industrially applicable. The prototype system uninterrupted and uninterruptable power supply of manufactured and tested in the laboratory of the Department of EM and EP Kuban state agrarian University.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, in which figure 1 presents a functional diagram of the system and uninterrupted power supply for the most demanding consumers.

The system contains an asynchronous generator with what oterom 1 and special stator windings 2 conclusions 3 from the middle of these windings, the main excitation capacitors 4 and additional capacitors excitation 5, the regulator-a voltage regulator 6, the device control and frequency regulation 7, the DC motor 8 with the excitation winding 9, the regulating element (transistor) 10, a battery 11, a three-phase controlled rectifier with the functions of the charger 12, a supply line 13, a fast-acting circuit breaker 14, the relay direction of active power 15.

Induction generator with rotor 1 and the special stator windings 2 conclusions 3 from the middle of these windings vertices of the triangle is connected with the main excitation capacitors 4 and additional capacitors excitation 5, at the zero point of which its output is connected to the regulator the voltage regulator 6, and the entrance with leads 3 which are connected to the load and input devices control and frequency regulation 7, the DC motor 8 directly, and its excitation winding 9 through the regulating element (transistor) 10 is connected with the conclusions of the rechargeable battery 11, which is attached and the output of three-phase controlled rectifier with charger features 12, an input connected to the mains supply 13, which through high-speed circuit breaker 14, the relay direction of active power 15 the vertices of the triangle are connected to the winding 2 of the stator of the asynchronous generator.

Special stator winding 2-2-2... asynchronous generator are modulated winding with a phase width of the zone of 120°. These windings can be represented in the form of a six-phase windings connected in a triangle. The ratio of EMF on the conclusions of the vertices of the triangle to EMF on the taps 3-3-3 is 1/1.

The main excitation capacitors 4 are selected from conditions to compensate for the reactive component of the induction generator when idling. Additional capacitors excitation 5 designed for compensation of the reactive component of the load and generator when offline.

Regulator-a voltage regulator 6 in the function values of the output voltage at the load (conclusions 3-3-3) changes the magnitude of the capacitive current of the additional capacitors 5, thereby stabilizing the voltage at the load.

Device control and frequency regulation 7 changes the excitation current in the winding 9 of the DC motor 8 as a function of frequency of the load current on the taps 3-3-3 winding 2-2-2 asynchronous generator. By reducing the frequency of the current at the load decreases, the excitation current in the winding 9, at a constant voltage on the armature of the motor 8 increases its speed (frequency) of rotation. Is the speed control of a DC motor the magnetic flux changes.

the Relay direction of active power can be type RM-11, RM-12 with high performance (response time not more than 0.03 seconds).

Three-phase controlled rectifier 12 with the functions of the charger is limited (current charge) and device for stabilizing the output voltage equal to the open circuit voltage of the battery 11. This voltage is maintained and at the terminals of the motor armature 8.

The uninterrupted and continuous power supply for the most demanding consumers is as follows.

The regular mode. When applying voltage to the terminals of the power supply network 13 to the output of three-phase controlled rectifier 12 with the functions of the charger you receive the specified voltage, consistent with the nominal voltage of the battery 11 and the rated armature voltage of the DC motor 8. The transistor 10 is open and the excitation winding 9 passes rated current. The DC motor 8 can accelerate up to speed (frequency) of rotation, for example, 3000^-1(314^-1). With the same rotating speed and the rotor of the asynchronous generator 1.

Simultaneously, the voltage of the supply network 13 through the contacts of high-speed circuit breaker 14, the relay direction of active power 15 acts on the vertices of the triangle special windings 2 of the stator of the asynchronous generator, the and the main excitation capacitors 4 and additional capacitors excitation 5. Since the rotor 1 asynchronous generator rotates with synchronous speed of the magnetic field in the windings of the stator is the reactive current (power) of the magnetization and the active component of current is proportional to the losses in the steel alternating magnetization. Reactive (capacitive current) also comes from the main excitation capacitors 4 and additional capacitors excitation 5.

When connecting the load to the findings of the 3 stator windings 2 asynchronous generator works as an autotransformer, transmitting power from the supply line 13 to the load with minimal losses.

Emergency mode. Disappears voltage in the supply network 13. The rotor 1 continues to rotate from the DC motor 8 and asynchronous generator goes offline with excitation from the main excitation capacitors 4 and additional capacitors excitation 5. The findings 3 and the load voltage does not disappear and cannot be changed. Relay direction of active power 15 responds to the change of power flow (connected three-phase controlled rectifier 12 with the functions of the battery charger or other load) and signals on the pins of fast-acting circuit breaker 14, which quickly turns off the power supply network 13 with all the current collectors. The DC motor 8 is transferred to the food item from the Torno battery 11. The frequency of rotation and the current frequency of the asynchronous generator is reduced, the device control and frequency regulation 7 responds and adjusts the excitation current in the winding 9 of the DC motor 8 as a function of frequency of the load current. The engine speed and the current frequency of the asynchronous generator and load is stabilized.

If we change the value of the load voltage on the outputs of the 3 special stator winding 2 is changed. The reaction of the regulator-a voltage regulator 6, which automatically when the voltage increases the capacitive current of the additional capacitors excitation 5. So is the voltage regulation at the load.

When the voltage on the supply line 13 from the sensor control network (not shown) turns on the high speed circuit breaker 14 and uninterrupted and uninterruptable power supply goes into regular operation.

The advantages of the proposed technical solutions.

1. When operating in normal mode asynchronous generator consumes reactive (capacitive current) from the excitation capacitors 4 and 5, thereby relieving the supply network 13. Due to this capacitive current, the regulator-a voltage regulator 6 maintains a constant voltage at the load 3 even in normal mode when powered from the network 13.

2. As is the coils 2 are constantly circulates capacitive current, in emergency operation (and during the transition in normal mode) sine wave voltage at the load is not interrupted, which is very important for responsible consumers of electrical energy.

3. Due to the symmetric rotor asynchronous generator to the load is maintained stable voltage even when a two-phase or non-symmetrical load.

The uninterrupted and continuous power supply for the most demanding consumers, consisting of batteries, direct-current motor connected to the shaft of the generator, three-phase rectifier, characterized in that it has an asynchronous generator with a rotor and a special stator winding with leads for connection of the load taken from the middle of these windings, the primary and secondary capacitors excitation regulator-a voltage regulator, the control device, and frequency control, regulatory element such as a transistor, relay direction of active power, high speed circuit breaker, supply network, and a special stator winding are connected in a triangle and vertices of this triangle are connected with the main excitation capacitors connected triangle and additional capacitors excitation United star, and through a three-phase inputs relay direction of the population of active power and high performance circuit breaker with the supply chain, connected to the inputs of three-phase controlled rectifier with the functions of the charger, and its outputs are connected with the conclusions of the battery and armature of the DC motor, which shaft is rigidly connected to the rotor of the asynchronous generator, the field winding of a DC motor through a regulatory element such as a transistor, is also connected with the conclusions of the battery, the input-regulating element connected to the output of the control and regulation of frequencies, the inputs of the latter are connected with the conclusions of the special winding for connection of the load to these pins is connected and the input of the regulator is a voltage regulator whose output is connected with the zero point of the star of additional capacitors excitation.