System of grenade launcher control /versions/. RU patent 2513629.

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to portable and movable launching devices and to armed missiles, namely, to grenade launchers of all calibres, to launching plants of ground and air basing, to long rifles, to artillery when firing under conditions of visual visibility. The system of grenade launcher control comprises a laser range finder, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of a processor or a memory unit, has a wind sensor, a sensor of atmospheric pressure and a sensor of gravity force, at the same time it comprises an auxiliary source of distance signals, which includes three buttons, single pressing of two of them adds or cuts the measured distance, and long-term pressing starts increment change, besides, the adjustment is reflected in the field of vision of the optical sight, and the third button zeroes the manual adjustment, and these buttons are arranged above the thumb of the right hand at the left side of the rear handle.

EFFECT: higher accuracy of firing.

4 cl

The invention relates to portable and mobile starting devices and to combat missiles, namely a grenade launchers of all sizes, to launch installations ground-based and air-based, sniper rifles, artillery firing in the field of vision.

Known grenade launchers, consisting of the warhead, and rocket engine, see, for example, the Internet, Wikipedia, RPG-7, sighting device which is hinged frame. But shooting them small. At the modern level of rocket technology is not a problem to deliver a combat unit on any distance, the problem is to get! You can produce 100 pomegranate and not to fall in no time, and with good management system can be accessed from the first-second shot. Achievements of electronics has allowed to make cheap and easy system of determining the distance and the calculation of the angle of elevation and time of flight.

Famous serial samples and projects grenade launchers with a laser rangefinder and a computer trajectory, and timed grenades, fuses, see Pat. № RU 2240485.

The task and the technical result of the invention is increasing the accuracy and the use of grenades in the air at a given point.

OPTION 1. For flight grenades within direct interference (flight grenades in a straight line according to my specific invention, Pat. № RU 2499973) installation elevation angles are not needed, but no harm will be amendments to the wind, the highlands (i.e. atmospheric pressure), temperature (that is, its density), the temperature of the charge (that is, the speed of its burning), the elevation or decline, the force of gravity in the given place and the amendment to the Earth's rotation. All amendments must be made taking into account the distance to the object, followed by or before which hides the enemy, it is possible - in the value range. These indicators will continue to influence the direction of a direct flight (above-below, level-Prava). They will insignificantly affect the straightness of the flight path, but it is the impact of the lower order, and it can be neglected. Theoretically should be amended and the Coriolis acceleration, but within line of sight of it compared to other small, and it can also be ignored.

With all said and management system grenade launcher consists of a laser range finder, the output of which is connected to the input processor or memory block with the input of the latter is also connected: unit of manual correction range sensors or referencing the following options: lateral and longitudinal (associated or counter) components of wind velocity and/or atmospheric pressure and/or temperature, and/or the temperature of the charge, and/or elevation or lowering and/or gravity in this place, and/or amendments to the Earth's rotation, and the output of the processor or the memory block is associated with display/display while the introduced amendments to the divisions of the Vizir optical sight and/or in divisions limb vertical aiming sight (with any combination of alternative signs with other signs is provided by one and the same technical result - the amendments and the consideration of their impact on issued signal), and the finder and the processor or the memory block is included with the switch through the switch time. The latter is advisable for you to fix the results of measuring the distance and to inform his friends that do not have rangefinder.

The optimal location of this switch is on the trigger within a free motion.

The system may have a processor that calculates the value of the distance, as amended, and may be just a memory block, which made all the values of the distance up to the maximum with a certain step, for example 0,25 m, and the corresponding elevation angles. In the latter case, the storage system obtains from the range finder.

Comparing it to the nearest range in memory and provides a display of the appropriate amendments to this range of values. The performance of such a system can be higher than with a processor, which is especially important when shooting a fast-moving target.

In some cases it is necessary to set value ranges, before you take the shot. For example, when shooting in a window without the back wall, or when shooting a fast-moving or flying object, when it is necessary to take proactive and make the line of sight, and hence line laser distance ahead. And in both cases, the finder will show "infinity". It is necessary first to restore rangefinder on the wall a little further window, or on a moving object or if the object is moving on the way - on the road, and then commit this value range. And only after that - to shoot, in particular, with the necessary pre-emption.

So I can capture the range defined for the same object, when translating the guidelines into the party system has a switch that disables the finder and including memory, preserving the last value range. This switch can be located on the trigger within the future of free running, or in the second arm of weapons (or pedal - for artillery). Desirable indication commit mode (led) in visere optical sight, especially if the switch is located on the trigger to further choosing of free running, which tactile feel weak.

In some cases you want to make a manual adjustment range, for example when the shooting in the window, or when shooting deep into the bushes, or when shooting a fast-moving object that is not moving strictly on traverse, and approaching or leaving. For example, the line of sight is induced in the bushes behind which hid the enemy. Rangefinder determines the distance to the first sheet of this Bush, and the shot will be in line with Bush, but with shortround to the enemy. Therefore arrows manually adds to the range of the measured distance of several meters, and fires, which will be taken where necessary.

So you can make manual amendment in the range, the system has an auxiliary source signal range that has three buttons, press briefly on two of which add to or diminish the measured range, and long-term pressing includes incremental change-range (how to set the time in an electronic clock), and the amendment appears in sight reticle optical sight, and the third button clears manual amendment. Are these buttons can be under the thumb of the right hand from the left side of the rear handle (right-handed).

So that the arrows are not diverted from the aiming, displays amendments, measured in divisions of sight optical sight, can be located in the field of view viewfinder optical sight. And the display amendments on limbu vertical aiming sight, can be located about this limb. There may be located display showing measured the distance, and structurally, it could be the same display.

Amendments to visere can be shown on one display, for example: N-3.5mm, L-1,5, +4. That means that the aim should not be in the crosshairs, and below it a 3.5 division, left him by 1.5 division, and has a manual correction range +4 meters. However, in the conditions of stress and urgency modern combat understanding of this display will be time-consuming at hand and may cause errors. It should be used six different displays, with the amendment in divisions of sight is shown in the side of the crosshair, which should to be objective, and manual correction range is displayed at an angle of 45 degrees to the cross to the left or right of it with the correct sign and/or color depending on whether negative or positive. That is, in the case described above at the bottom of the cross shone would 3,5, to the left of 1.5, and right at an angle of 45 degrees (easier on the right below) glowed would be red +4. This indication of the amendment eliminates errors arrow moves the goal in those parties, in which light from the amendment.

Moreover, if the amendment on vertical exceeds field of vision rifle scope, the displays are as follows: upper and lower displays equally show the measured range, or zero (if indeed zero amendment they do not show anything), or the maximum number, or any other meaningless characters, and the amendment shown around the limb vertical interference optical sight.

It would be to show in this case visere range to the target, but you'll need a four-digit display, as the maximum range to the target can exceed 1000 metres and for artillery systems - even five digit. In this case, if the number of divisions of the Vizir selected not more than 16-20, then you can get single-digit display showing numbers by type of zip codes. Numbers greater than 9 this can be shown as follows: 10 - like the letters D, 11 - two sticks, 12 - like wand and two, 13 -, 14 - just (get the letter H, 15 - how wand and five, but that of the five bottom half should be like three (otherwise letter B), 16 - how wand and six or as the letter B, 17 - how wand and seven, 18 - as a unit with the "nose" and eight, 19 - how wand and a nine, 20 - all nine elements display enabled.

Consider how you can enter the eight amendment, and the amendment to the wind is considered as two amendments - the length and breadth of the shot.

Referencing of the amendments on the above parameters can be in the form cremallera or the slider to the limb, and provide a variable resistors, chokes and capacitors, and resistors (potentiometers) may be different characteristics (linear, nonlinear) depending on the progression of changes made by this amendment.

These settings can be made and sensors, but this is not always justified. Consider the examples of sensors.

But atmospheric pressure sensor will be very useful. It can be an aneroid with the transfer of its position in the processor or the memory block by remote transmission, for example resistive, capacitive, inductive, synchro, light type "led-flap-photodiode". The sensor will reduce the number of controls on the panel grenade launcher that will reduce possible confusion.

The air temperature sensors and charge may be a thermocouple or thermistors, including semiconductor. However, in a rapidly changing environment, for example when out of the car and into the cold, they can give false testimony. Therefore, referencing preferable. Although in the case of grenade launcher is desirable to have a thermometer any design that shows the temperature of the surrounding air.

Sensor elevation or reduction might constitute a pendulum in a sealed capsule, filled with a nonfreezing liquid, with the transfer of its position in the processor or the memory block by remote transmission, for example resistive, capacitive, inductive, synchro, light type "led light-valve-photodiode".

The gravity sensor can be a burden, located on a spring or on the load cell, with the transfer of its position in the processor or the memory block by remote transmission, for example resistive, capacitive, inductive, synchro, light type "led-flap-photodiode". But the error of the sensor will be almost equal introduced the amendment, and it is better to amend the unit.

This amendment takes into account the Earth's rotation. As is known, the acceleration of gravity depends on the latitude - at the pole it best, and at the equator is minimal, and the difference is 0,344%. Not so many, but if all the other amendments made correctly, it makes sense to make it. At the time of the flight grenades (bullets, shell) 3 sec amendment will be 15 cm, which significantly when aiming at small-size target type embrasures Dott.

Amendment "to the rotation of the Earth" takes into account the addition of the linear velocity of rotation of the Earth (at the equator it is 464 m/s) at an average speed of flight grenades (bullets, shell). For example, a shell flew on the equator some distance with an average speed 836 m/s in the direction of rotation of the Earth - East. That is its velocity relative to the source of gravity will make already 1300 m/s (shell from the mathematical point of view is a satellite moving in an elliptical orbit). Then acting upon the centripetal force will decrease to the amount of 2 mV /r, that is, 0,265 N, which is about 2.7% of the acceleration of free fall at the latitude of Moscow. This is already a significant penalty - in the above case with flying grenades for 3 seconds penalty will amount to 1.2 meters in height in comparison with a shot to the North or South. That is, you can't even get in such a relatively high goal, as the window of the building.

When shooting on the West penalty will be approximately 15 cm on top, and when shooting on the South or the North this amendment is equal to zero. Only considers the amendment to gravity.

Sensor amendments to the rotation of the Earth can be a magnetic or gyroscopic compass with the transfer of its position in the processor or the memory block by remote transmission, e.g. a capacitive or light type "led-flap-photodiode". Resistive, inductive and synchro transmission is practically not applicable because of the small torque sensor and the influence of magnetic fields on magnetic needle or a gyroscope. Therefore it is better to use the dial widget for editing dates based in the sides of the world.

For amendments to the pre-emption when shooting fast moving targets on the grenade launcher can be hinged collimator sight, especially useful within the direct flight grenades.

This option works system. For example, the challenge is to strike close to a mile) flying a helicopter with a grenade with non-contact laser fuse on Pat № 2412427, automatically blow up a grenade at a minimum distance from the target. The shooter before introduces all amendments except those that are entered automatically. Then select a part of the free motion trigger, thus it is included a range finder. Then directs the crosshair on the helicopter, select a part of the free motion trigger, thus it is included a range finder, and presses the trigger on the front handle, thereby locking the measured range. Then given the estimated speed of the helicopter transfers targeted area of the Vizir (it does not coincide with the crosshair) to the front of the helicopter on the corresponding number of divisions of sight, or, if the field of view of the scope for this is not enough (not enough), then the corresponding number of divisions folding collimator sight, and with allowance indicated on the display in visere lateral corrections (for quick conversions of divisions of sight in the division collimator sight of the latter should be more exactly 10 times). The shot is made. When migration at a minimum distance or in direct contact with the grenade explodes.

Such a system together with the specified grenade is a good substitute of portable anti-aircraft missile systems to a distance of kilometers, and at a height of 500 m Estimated probability of defeat helicopters rounds of 76 mm caliber experienced shooter firing "sideways" - 25%, while shooting meet or vedogon - 75%. Estimated probability of defeat attack aircraft, respectively, 10% and 30%. Mentioned grenade, modernized so that it exploded when moving away from the goal, together with this system, you can also hit the opponent in the box multi-storey houses or behind a rock ledge - grenade will explode, flying the window frame or flying the crest of the cliff.

More opportunities are promised grenade with aerodynamic scheme for a stalemate. no 2439376 with a homing on the Pat. no 2400590 - hit probability at a distance of 1.5 km and the height of up to 1 km on the helicopters will increase to 95%, and the aircraft up to 80%.

OPTION 2. What I described above is the simplest of the considered system management grenade launcher. It provides only an indication of sighting data, but not install them. Of course, in the stress of battle it would be desirable to introduce sighting data automatically. Then the arrows will need only to point the crosshairs on the target and make a shot. The most difficult task would accounting of pre-emption when shooting at moving targets. But great help arrow will be the system automatically establishes at least the elevation.

To do this the system has electrical installation mechanism elevation associated with the release of processor or memory block, and the mechanism has a sensor of his position, the output of which is fed to the input of the processor or the memory block (with any combination of alternative signs with other signs provides the same technical result - the amendments and the consideration of their impact on output signal), and the output of the processor or the memory block is connected with displays lateral correction. Does this version is this: the shooter rolls the grenade launcher at the target primarily horizontal line and then moves on it point to the left or to the right in accordance with the instruction side displays.

OPTION 3. Even better is automatically make and lateral amendments. For this management system grenade launcher contains a laser rangefinder, the output of which is connected to the input processor or memory block, and the output of the processor or memory unit is connected to electric mechanisms for setting the elevation and side coupling, and mechanisms have sensors of his position, the output of which comes with back to the login processor or memory block. Displays vertical and lateral amendments in this case is not needed in visere should be only displays (or a single display) manual amendments range and led alarm enable commit range.

This option works the same version of the system 1, but to direct a gun on a fixed goal can cross, and when firing at moving targets you can make pre-emption, bringing forward not aimed region, and the crosshair, including collimator that much easier and increases the probability of hitting a target.

1. Control system grenade launcher, containing a laser rangefinder, the output of which is connected to the inlet of the processor or the memory block has a wind sensor, the sensor of atmospheric pressure and gravity sensor, which differs in that it has an auxiliary source signal range that has three buttons, press briefly on two of which add to or diminish the measured range, and long-term pressing includes increasing the change and amendment appears in sight reticle optical sight, and the third button clears manual amendment, and are these buttons under the thumb of the right hand from the left side the rear handle.

2. The system of claim 1, characterized in that the wind sensor is a covered metal grid vane on the barrel grenade launcher with the transfer of its position on two axes in the processor or the memory block by remote transmission, for example resistive, capacitive, inductive, synchro, light type "led-flap-photodiode".

3. The system of claim 1, characterized in that the atmospheric pressure sensor is an aneroid with the transfer of its position in the processor or the memory block by remote transmission, for example resistive, capacitive, synchro, inductive, light type "led-flap-photodiode".

4. The system of claim 1, characterized in that the gravity sensor is a weight situated on a spring or on the load cell, with the transfer of its position in the processor or the memory block by remote electric transmission, for example resistive, capacitive, inductive, synchro, light type "led-flap-photodiode".