Rotary hydraulic machine

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to positive-displacement hydraulic machines with rotary working tools and can be applied in pumps and engines. Proposed machine comprises housing 1, stationary round ring gear 2 with inner gearing, round sun gear 3 with outer gearing, two floating pinions 4 engaged with said ring and sun gears, eccentric offset from ring gear 2 axis by distance equal to eccentric eccentricity, fixed end covers 5 and system of channels 7 and 8 for fluid feed and discharge, respectively. Ring and sun gears 2 and 3 have identical number of teeth. Sun gear 3 is rigidly engaged with rotary eccentric.

EFFECT: simplified design, higher wear resistance, efficiency and power output.

5 cl, 9 dwg

The invention relates to hydraulic machines volumetric displacement rotary actuators. It can be used in pumps and engines.

At the present time to discharge and the discharge displacement of viscous fluids with lubricating properties, is widely used gear pumps with internal or external toothing round toothed wheel having a fixed axis (Basta T.M. displacement pumps and hydraulic motors hydraulic systems. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1974. - 606 S. - str). These pumps are simple in design, but their disadvantage is a relatively small effective volume which is limited by the space between the tooth and the housing. Such gear pumps are only effective at high speeds of rotation of the rotor and only for liquids.

Known planetary gear hydraulic floating satellites (EN 2116513, IPC F04C 2/08 publ. 1998 and EN 2137943, SU 484710, SU 1403993, WO 0166948, US 6230823, DE 3542913 and others). Such hydraulic machines includes a non-circular sun wheel for internal and external gear arranged coaxially associated with them floating satellites and end cover with channels for supplying and discharging the working environment. In such hydraulic machines working volume defined by the space between the satellites, which is greater than the volume enclosed between the teeth. The lack of the same, the hydraulic machines is the difficulty of manufacturing a non-circular gears.

Known planetary hydraulic floating satellites, one of the sun wheels are round. So, for example, hydraulic machines (SU 861734, IPC F04C 2/08, publ. 1981, and DE 288340, DE 19621051) has a round sun wheel with external teeth and a non-circular sun-wheel with internal teeth. In hydraulic machines (WO 02052125, IPC F01C 1/10, publ. 1981, and WO 0166948) solar wheel with internal teeth are made round, and the sun-wheel with external teeth is non-circular. A common shortcoming of such hydraulic machines is the presence of non-circular wheels, causing technological complexity.

Known rotary hydraulic machines (GB 1158638, IPC F1C 1/12, publ. 1969 - Fig.1-3), comprising a fixed round epicycle wheel with internal teeth, round the sun-wheel with external teeth, a hinge mounted on the rotating Cam, the axis of rotation which is offset from the axis of the epicycle wheel a distance equal to the eccentricity of the eccentric, two floating satellite interacting with epicycle and sun wheels, end cover and channels for supplying and discharging working medium, made in the end cover and the epicycle wheel. In the projection on a face plane of the centers of the satellites in the initial position of the mechanism are in-line with the same in this position the centers of the epicycle, u is knogo wheels. The advantage of this hydraulic machines - large useful volume of the working cavity and high manufacturability of its main components.

The main drawback of this hydraulic machines is that in certain positions of the sun gear, the satellites can't "myself" out of the "dead" position. To eliminate this drawback requires optional external clock system providing continuous movement of the sun gear regardless floating satellites. Parametric ratio, which provides a synchronizing system, is that one revolution of the eccentric half of the turnover of the satellite axes in a figurative movement relative to the stationary epicycle wheel. The presence of a synchronizing system greatly complicates the design as a whole.

Known rotary hydraulic machines (SU 699229, IPC F04C 1/06, publ. 1979), containing a stator in the form of a crown with internal teeth, which is connected through satellites with outer teeth of the rotor mounted on the rotating Cam. The rotor is made hollow and its inner surface is made teeth. The device further comprises a synchronization system comprising a gear with external teeth, rigidly connected with the stator, and parasitic gear, hinged on Cam, communicate with the General with the stationary gear and the internal teeth of the rotor. The advantage of this design compared to the previous one, is that the satellites freely pass the "dead" position.

The disadvantages of the hydraulic machines are: technological complexity eccentric, large friction losses and unfavorable conditions for the transfer of motion, due to the presence of kinematic pairs of slip between the rotor and the eccentric axis of the eccentric and parasitic gear.

Another rotary hydraulic machines (EN 2445512, IPC F04C 2/08, publ. 2012) differs from the previous design additional synchronization devices. This device provides a more reliable operation of hydraulic machines, but no less difficult.

In hydraulic machines (US 4229152, IPC F01C 1/08, publ. 1980) synchronizing device comprises a pair of gear wheels arranged on axes eccentric forming external gearing, one of which is fixedly mounted relative to the housing, and the other relative to the sun gear. The disadvantages of the hydraulic machines, in addition to the structural complexity due to the presence of parts of a synchronizing device console are the location of the sun gear on the axis of the eccentric, the need for tight coupling of the eccentric housing on the cylinder of large diameter and a large axial force pressure on the Cam.

The closest one of those is the practical essence of the present design is the hydraulic machines (GB 1158638, IPC F1C 1/12, publ. 1969, 5), comprising a housing, a fixed round epicycle wheel with internal teeth, round the sun-wheel with external teeth, a hinge mounted on the rotating Cam, the axis of rotation which is offset from the axis of the epicycle wheel a distance equal to the eccentricity of the eccentric, two floating satellite interacting with epicycle and sun wheels, end cover and a system of channels for supplying and discharging the working environment. As the synchronizing system of this structure contains the second section of the hydraulic machines, similar to the first. The sun gear of the two sections are rigidly interconnected and are freely mounted on a common axis eccentric. To ensure the collectability of the design contains a floating eccentric bushing separating section hydraulic machines.

The disadvantages of this device are its structural and technological complexity. To ensure a good seal on the ends, you must provide the exact pair of movable links with housing on three surfaces (two mechanical and one cylindrical) on each side of the device. Reliable design reduces the presence of the floating eccentric bushings - it is in the adverse conditions of the corners of the pressure.

The technical problem of the invention is sostoi is to simplify the design of a rotary hydraulic machine and increase its reliability.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to provide a construction of the rotary fluid machines simpler than known, not containing unreliable and-low-tech elements, while maintaining guaranteed overcoming satellites "dead" pixels and high quality sealing of the working cavities.

We offer rotary hydraulic machines includes a housing, a fixed round epicycle wheel with internal teeth, round the sun-wheel with external teeth, two floating satellite interacting with epicycle and sun wheels, the eccentric shaft, the axis of rotation which is offset from the axis of the epicycle wheel a distance equal to the eccentricity of the eccentric, the fixed end cover and a system of channels for supplying and discharging the working environment. The differences are that the epicycle and the sun gear have the same number of teeth, and the sun-wheel is rigidly connected with a rotating eccentric.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that with the same number of teeth epicycle and the sun wheel angular speed of the sun gear is equal to half the angular velocity of the portable motion of the satellite and, thus, coincides with the desired angular velocity of the eccentric. This allows you to connect a sun wheel with a Cam rigidly or manufacture of the o be catching them in the form of a single part. As a result, the need for special synchronizing the system disappears. Thus, the proposed design provides the correct passage of satellites dead spots. However, it is easier, smarter and more reliable prototype and analogues.

The most simple, from a technological point of view, a variant of the implementation of the proposed technical solutions that do not require special studies, is the use of involute gear units. The optimal parametric correlations lie in the following range: angle of 15°...30°number of teeth of the epicycle and the sun wheel 60...100, satellites - 7...10; the ratio of the bias source circuit epicycle wheel +6...+12, the sun gear -2...0, satellites 0...+0,6.

To improve the tightness and decrease the sensitivity of the hydraulic machines to manufacture errors gears, floating satellites made the teams, consisting of several gears, while interacting with epicycle and sun wheels.

To improve the stability of the output characteristics when operating in liquid environments rotary hydraulic machines contains additional sections, separated by flat walls, each of which, like the first section contains a fixed round epicycle wheel with internal teeth, the range of the second sun wheel with external teeth, two floating satellite interacting with epicycle and sun wheels, and eccentrics on which the fixed sun wheel all sections are expanded relative to each other and mounted on a common shaft. If this rational is a constructive solution, in which the working cavities of the first and additional sections are connected in series through the bypass channels made in the end walls.

Examples of implementation of the invention is illustrated by drawings.

The figure 1 shows the structure of a rotary fluid machines, the figure 2 - its axial section along A-A.

Figure 3 depicts a picture of the gearing of gear units hydraulic machines in an enlarged scale.

Figures 4 to 7 illustrate the operation of the hydraulic machine. The figure 4 shows the location of the links at the bottom position of the rotor; figure 5 - when the rotor is displaced to the left; in figure 6 when the rotor occupies the top position; PA figure 7 - when the rotor is displaced to the right.

The figure 8 shows the hydraulic machines containing additional sections, and figure 9 is a wiring diagram of the working cavities of its sections. Rotary hydraulic machines shown in figures 1, 2, includes a housing 1, a fixed round epicycle wheel 2 with internal teeth, round the sun wheel 3 with the outer teeth of the two floating satellite 4, which interacts with apiti the symbolic and sun wheels, and the fixed end cover 5. Cover 5 are flush with its flat working surfaces to the ends of the satellites 4 and the sun gear 3. The sun wheel 3 with the eccentricity "e" is rigidly fixed on the shaft 6, which is pivotally connected with the housing 1, so that the axis O₆the shaft 6 is displaced relative to the axis O₂epicycle wheel 2 is also on the value of "e" (that is, O₃O₆=O₆O₂=e). The channel inlet 7 and outlet 8 of the working environment is made in any of the end caps 5, their diameters do not exceed the diameter of the tooth satellites, and an axis located in the plane passing through the axis O₆and perpendicular to the plane containing the axis O₆and O₂(so that at the lowest position of the sun gear 3 these channels are completely blocked with 4 satellites). In the construction shown in figure 2, the floating satellites 4 are modular, i.e. consisting of several separate gears - this reduces the sensitivity of the design to the errors of its manufacture. Epicycle 2 and sun 3 wheels handled tool having a standard source path (angle of 20°, the ratio of head height of the tooth h_a=1). These wheels have the same number of teeth Z₂=Z₃=80, but different coefficients offset: X₂=+9,7, X₃=-1,6. Satellites 4 is performed with the number of teeth Z₄=8 coefficients and the Ohm offset X ₄=to+0.3. The corresponding picture of the gearing shown in figure 3, where, in addition to profiles of gear units, shows the initial circle and the poles P_w42P_w43links.

The Assembly of the mechanism is made in such a way that the centers of 4 satellites (in projection on the frontal plane) in the initial position of the mechanism are in-line with the same in this position the centers of the epicycle 2 and sun 3 wheels.

Mode pump rotary hydraulic machines operates as follows.

When the shaft 6 with eccentric planted on him by a sun wheel 3 interacting with this wheel floating satellites 4 obkatyvalisj internal crown stationary epicycle wheel 2. Due to the fact that the number of teeth Z₂and Z₃epicycle 2 and sun 3 wheels are the same, the angular velocity of the sun gear 3 twice more portable angular velocity of the satellite (i.e. the speed of the imaginary drove). During this one revolution of the eccentric of the sun gear 3 corresponds to one cycle of change of the system configuration of the satellites 4. As a result of movement of the links of the volumes of the working chambers of prisoners between the end caps and the surfaces of all gears, cyclically change (see figure 4...7). When the sun wheel 3 in the lowest position (figure 4) supply channels 7 and from the ode 8 blocked with 4 satellites. Further, as the eccentric rotation of the sun gear 3 (figures 5, 6, 7), left in the working cavity of the suction side and the right injection.

When the hydraulic machine in the mode of a hydraulic or pneumatic engine working medium through the channel 7 is supplied under pressure, and the movement is removed from the shaft 6.

In figures 8, 9 shows the hydraulic machines, which contains an additional section, similar to the first, i.e. it consists of two hydraulic machines-sections with the overall body, but separated by a flat partition wall 9. The sun wheel 3 both sections mounted on a common shaft 6 by means of pins 10 in opposite phases (axis$$O_3^I$$and$$O_3^{II}$$rotated relative to each other around the axis O₆180º). Inside the partition 9 is made the bypass channel 11, that is, workers cavity sections are connected in series. The channel inlet 7 and outlet 8 and the bypass channel 11 have the shape of a cross section elongated in the circumferential direction, and the length of a cross-section of each hole exceeds the diameter of the satellite. When the hydraulic channels 7, 8, 11 at the same time is never completely blocked. This section creates (or perceived) pressure environment consistently. In the passive phase of the work of the environment section, through the channels in limiting its end walls, flows freely. The channel inlet 7 and outlet 8 in the end caps may be replaced by radial channels (holes 12 made in the epicycle wheel (figure 6 are shown by the dotted line). In the two sections mitigate fluctuations in flow and pressure when the hydraulic mode of the pump and provide continuous rotation of the rotor in the motor mode. It is also advisable the use of hydraulic machines containing three, four or more sections.

Seems to be a promising use of the invention in pumps for pumping oil and fuel oil, pump dispensers for various liquids, pumps and motors hydraulic, pneumatic, vacuum pumps low vacuum.

1. Rotary hydraulic machines, comprising a housing, a fixed round epicycle wheel with internal teeth, round the sun-wheel with external teeth, two floating satellite interacting with epicycle and sun wheels, the eccentric shaft, the axis of rotation which is offset from the axis of the epicycle wheel a distance equal to the eccentricity of the eccentric, the fixed end cover and a system of channels for supplying and discharging working medium, characterized in that the epicycle and the sun gear have the same number of teeth, and the sun wheel as the TKO is connected with a rotating eccentric.

2. Rotary hydraulic machines according to claim 1, characterized in that the floating satellites made the teams, consisting of several gears, while interacting with epicycle and sun wheels.

3. Rotary hydraulic machines according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains additional sections, separated by flat walls, each of which, like the first section contains a fixed round epicycle wheel with internal teeth, round the sun-wheel with external teeth, two floating satellite interacting with epicycle and sun wheels, and eccentrics on which the fixed sun wheel all sections are expanded relative to each other and mounted on a common shaft.

4. Rotary hydraulic machines according to claim 3, characterized in that the working cavities of the first and additional sections are connected in series through the bypass channels made in the end walls.

5. Rotary hydraulic machines according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that its gear links made involute angle profile 15°...30°, epicycle and the sun wheel are the number of teeth 60...100, and satellites - 7...10, the ratio of the bias source circuit epicycle wheel +6...+12, the sun gear -2...0, and satellites 0...+0,6.