Hand grenade |
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IPC classes for russian patent Hand grenade (RU 2512051):
   
 Bursting-type ammunition / 2442955
ammunition contains a casing housing an explosive substance, a point proximity fuse for triggering bursting-type ammunition that comprises a casing housing: a power-supply source, a detonator, a safety-and-arming mechanism, an electronics module connected with the above mechanism and the target detector equipped with at least two electrodes divided by a dielectric insert that constitute a part of the fuse casing. The external electrode is shaped as a part of the fuse casing, while the inner electrode is shaped as a body of revolution, mostly as a blunt-nosed cone, and is located inside the above insert. The electrical insulating insert thickness h is established based on the ratio: h ≥ 1/10 L, where: L - length of the external surface element of the point electrode in the meridian section, wherein the electronics module comprises a sensitive element of the environment dielectric conductivity sensor.
 Method of triggering a point proximity fuse / 2442954
method of triggering a fuse containing a casing housing a target detector connected to the electronics module and equipped with at least two electrodes divided by a dielectric insert is based on target detection and is associated with an alteration of dielectric conductivity of the environment the sensitive area of the sensor. The sensitive area of the target sensor is previously adjusted according to the dielectric conductivity of the environment, protecting the target sensor from interference by choosing the correct thickness of the ammunition shroud made of electroinsulating material. The ammunition is accelerated, then the electronics module is energized thus inducing the sensor's input capacity alteration by changing the dielectric conductivity of the environment in the sensitive area of the sensor and the blasting impulse is formed. The thickness of the ammunition shroud h is established based on the ratio: h ≥ 1/10 L, where: L - length of the external surface element of the point electrode in the meridian section.
 Method of triggering a point proximity fuse / 2442953
method of triggering a fuse containing a casing housing a target detector connected to the electronics module and equipped with at least two electrodes divided by a dielectric insert is based on target detection and is associated with an alteration of dielectric conductivity of the environment the sensitive area of the sensor. The sensitive area of the target sensor is previously adjusted according to the dielectric conductivity of the environment, protecting the target sensor from interference by choosing the correct thickness of the ammunition shroud made of electroinsulating material. The ammunition is accelerated, then the electronics module is energized thus inducing the sensor's input capacity alteration by changing the dielectric conductivity of the environment in the sensitive area of the sensor and the blasting impulse is formed. The thickness of the ammunition shroud h is established based on the ratio: h ≥ 1/10 L, where: L - length of the external surface element of the point electrode in the meridian section.
 Method for improving interference immunity of nose proximity fuse for explosive-action weapons / 2440552
Method for improving interference immunity of nose proximity fuse for explosive-action weapons containing the housing in which there arranged is power supply, target detector connected to electronics unit and having at least two electrodes separated with dielectric insert consists in decrease of threshold of target detector sensitivity to small-size interference. One of the electrodes, which is external one, is made in the form of the part of fuse housing, and the other electrode, which is internal one, is made in the form of rotation body, mainly flattened cone, and arranged inside the above insert made from electrical insulating material for protection of target detector against action of small-size interference. Fuse fairing thickness h is determined from the ratio: h ≥ 1/10 L, where: L - length of generatrix of outer surface of head electrode in meridional section.
 Nose proximity fuse for explosive-action weapons / 2440551
Device includes the housing in which power supply, detonator, safety cocking mechanism, electronics unit connected to the above mechanism and target detector having at least two electrodes separated with electrical isolating insert being the part of the fuse housing is arranged. One of the electrodes, which is external, is made in the form of the part of fuse housing, and the other electrode, which is internal, is made in the form of body of rotation, mainly of flattened cone, and arranged inside the above insert; at that, thickness h of electrical insulating insert is according to the ratio: h≥1/10 L, where: L - length of generatrix of outer surface of head electrode in meridional section, and electronics unit includes detection device of variation of medium dielectric permeability in the detector sensitivity zone.
 Contact device / 2380654
Proposed fuse contact device comprises outer contact representing a projective nose faring and inner contact mating the outer contact shape and arranged concentrically with a clearance with respect to outer contact. Nose fairing is furnished with hollow current conducting aerodynamic needle with rear end face arranged in fairing chamber. Inner contact is fixed on aforesaid end face along aerodynamic needle outer side on dielectric bush. Inertial contact element representing a metal core with its rear end face arranged on the base with clearance with respect to needle wall and connected, via conductor, with inner contact is attached inside needle nose part and on dielectric shaped base with rated break axial and radial forces.
 The contact device / 2206061
The invention relates to weapons, namely the contact devices of the electric fuses of shells and rockets
 Unified primer for hand grenades / 2473868
Proposed primer comprises fire circuit elements including capsule, igniter, retarder and detonator or petard arranged in soft plastic case with branch pipe, and safety-punching mechanism with spring-loaded striker, trigger, pin, cotter pin and ring arranged in cartridge. Primer cartridge is made from relatively stiff and elastic plastic, for example, armamide. It has two symmetric stepped lengthwise cutouts abruptly converging over open end face, on the side of open end face to height of case branch pipe. Cutouts divide cartridge bottom into semi-cylinders press-fitted on case branch pie with two wedge-like external ledges mating cartridge cutouts in cartridge to be plugged therein and latched. Note here that two radial through holes are made in case branch pipe wall, in plane perpendicular to its ledges. Coaxial cylindrical collar is made above point of safety-punching mechanism to enter inside branch pipe to stop during pining down igniter cap. Gas pressure is created via holes in branch pipe to act on semi-cylinders of cartridge to open it while, via striker, to remove safety-punching mechanism from case branch pipe.
 Fuse for training hand grenade / 2355998
Invention relates to training hardware allowing simulation of actual combat means. The fuse for training hand grenade includes the case with the blasting fitted therein, pyrotechnic retarder and safety-piercing mechanism consisting of a ring with cotter-pin, spring-loaded firing pin and the lever. Inside the casing, the plug is coaxially arranged with blunt bottom accommodating a smoke, sound and/or light charge and weakened plug and with a through aperture in a lateral wall on which a pyrotechnic retarder is fitted.
 Fuse for hand grenades / 2255301
Fuse for hand grenades has a bush of the detonation assembly connected inside the grenade body that is connected to the cavity of the fuse outer body, positioned in which is an additional functional assembly of the time fuse, that has a pyrotechnical retarder and a flash igniter, which is positioned in the side seat of the fuse body for initiation of the given flash igniter by means of a trigger pricking-safety mechanism that is positioned in the seat of the fuse body asymmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of the bush of the detonation assembly of the given fuse. The novelty is in the fact that there is a time controller of the hand grenade blast, which contains a shaped retarder frame rotating in the longitudinal axis of the detonation assembly bush. The frame is made for transmission of the initiating fire impulse from the side flash igniter to some section of the side outer surface of the rotating horizontal semi-ring component that has the respective profile for arrangement of the pyrotechnical component of the retarder on it, and connected to the radial component that is positioned in the radius of the horizontal semi-ring component for further transmission of the initiating fire impulse to the time assembly of the fuse, which initiates the main charge of the hand grenade. Provision is also made for a setting and fixing mechanism of the retarder shaped frame through a preset angle of its turn for determining the angle of setting of the rotating shaped frame of the retarder relative to the side flash igniter according to the digital graduated scale of the time fuse, having an increased time range.
 The fuse for hand grenade non-lethal actions / 2235289
The invention relates to the technical devices for short-term neutralization of armed enemies, in particular for non-lethal hand grenades actions, and may find application in special forces to neutralize armed criminals, and military units for training purposes
 Fragmentation grenade / 2503920
Fragmentation grenade includes a housing, a propellant charge, a point fuse, a diaphragm and a detonator. The latter is arranged inside explosive filling of the housing equipped with a drive device and symmetric transverse grooves on outer and inner sides. Propellant charge is arranged in a shank. An open end of the housing is connected through an installation coupling to the fuse and the diaphragm. Communication opening of the diaphragm is interconnected with expelling charge of reverse through a throttle connected to a pyrotechnic device of temporary retardation of radial capsule-detonator. Throttle is equipped with a distributing grid above an ignition pellet. The pellet adjoins the pyrotechnic device of temporary retardation of the detonator. The diaphragm is equipped with a thin-wall skirt for detachable connection to the installation coupling. The coupling is rigidly fixed in the housing and aligned as one piece with a detonating assembly unit, thus forming a separated fighting unit.
 Fragmentation grenade body / 2486450
Shell body comprises three interconnected shells. Inner and outer shells are composed of axially coupled turns of spiral of metallic bar furnished with transverse rifles. Medium shell is a solid element.
 Preset fragmentation shell body / 2486449
Shell body comprises three interconnected shells. Inner and outer shells are composed of axially coupled turns of spiral of metallic bar furnished with transverse rifles. Medium shell is a solid element.
 Fragmentation shell body / 2486448
Shell body comprises three interconnected shells. Inner and outer shells are composed of axially coupled turns of spiral of metallic bar furnished with transverse rifles. Medium shell is a solid element.
 Grenade body / 2486447
Body comprises three interconnected shells. Inner and outer shells are composed of axially coupled turns of spiral of metallic bar furnished with transverse rifles. Medium shell is a solid element.
 Rifle-grenade body / 2486446
Shell body comprises three interconnected shells. Inner and outer shells are composed of axially coupled turns of spiral of metallic bar furnished with transverse rifles. Medium shell is a solid element.
 Shell body / 2486445
Shell body comprises three interconnected shells. Inner and outer shells are composed of axially coupled turns of spiral of metallic bar furnished with transverse rifles. Medium shell is a solid element.
 Hand grenade / 2486444
Proposed shell comprises body whereat cartridge, head fuse, ignition cap and powder charge are accommodated. Explosive charge is arranged inside said body. Shell body comprises three interconnected shells. Inner and outer shells are composed of axially coupled turns of spiral of metallic bar furnished with transverse rifles. Medium shell is a solid element.
 Fragmentation grenade / 2486443
Proposed shell comprises body whereat cartridge, head fuse, ignition cap and powder charge are accommodated. Explosive charge is arranged inside said body. Shell body comprises three interconnected shells. Inner and outer shells are composed of axially coupled turns of spiral of metallic bar furnished with transverse rifles. Medium shell is a solid element.
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FIELD: weapons and ammunition. SUBSTANCE: hand grenade includes fuse with fuse actuator element. The fuse includes at least six microelectromechanical structures. The structures consist of coaxial series of silicon crystal with cantilever needle formed inside, silicon crystal with doped hydrogen and solid oxidant with 50 mcm thick porous layer are, heat-conducting monocrystalline silicon crystal, and silicon crystal with porous layer area of at least 60 mcm thickness, mounted on a glass substrate. The substrate features a hole in the central part. Heat conductivity rate of heat-conducting element is higher than heat conductivity rate of silicon crystal with porous layer area of at least 60 mcm thickness. Microelectromechanical structures are mounted on revolver drum and attached in a frame. The frame is built in a case with vacuum inside. Fuse actuator element includes button with needle, coaxial to cantilever needle and connected to fuse axis by a nut. EFFECT: increased specific volume of brisant explosive in a standard grenade. 5 dwg
The invention relates to military technology, namely the means melee. Known fuses, the principle of which consists in the use of shock-nachalnogo action and mechanical action on pyrotechnic compositions for ignition and explosion blasting explosives (see, for example, patent RF №2202765, IPC F42C 19/10, 2001). They consist of nicolino-safety mechanism, the target sensor, remote device, mechanism far arming and detonating site. The disadvantages of these structures are: large managability reproducible slow explosion due to pyrotechnic substances. Known universal hand grenade group (see weapons and ammunition, A.V. Babkin, etc. Ed. MSTU n.a. Bauman, 2008, pp. 301-314). The device and its principle of shock-nachalnogo actions are mechanical impact on pyrotechnic compositions for ignition and explosion of the blasting explosive. It consists of nicolino-safety mechanism, the target sensor, remote device, mechanism far arming and detonating site. The disadvantages of this design are: muscularity, comparable to the volume and weight of the grenade; delay of explosion due to pyrotechnic substances. The technical problem to be solved in the proposed manual Gras is ATA, is to increase the effectiveness and impact, the change in weight ratios fuse grenades, ensuring controlled explosion due to changes in the design of execution of the fuse. To accomplish the task at hand grenade containing a fuse element for actuation of the fuse installed in the case that the fuse contains at least six microelectromechanical structures made of contiguous and coaxial crystal silicon, which is formed cantilever-needle crystal silicon doped with hydrogen and a solid oxidant area porous layer of thickness up to 50 μm, the heat-conducting element is a crystal of monocrystalline silicon, and the crystal of the silicon area of the porous layer with a minimum thickness of 60 μm, mounted on glass substrate having a hole in the Central part, while the ratio thermal conductivity of the heat transfer element is larger than the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the crystal of the silicon area of the porous layer with a minimum thickness of 60 μm, microelectromechanical structure is installed on the revolving drum type and is fixed on the frame, the built in case, inside of which created a vacuum element for actuating the Fuze contains a button with a needle, mounted coaxially with nilevar-needle, and connected through the nut with the axis of the fuse. The invention is illustrated in the drawing, in which figure 1 shows the main nodes of the fuse (inherent in the prototype)that contains the fuse 1, primer-igniter 2, the actuator 3, the sting 4, primer-detonator 5; - figure 2 is a microelectromechanical structure (MEMS) cell site hand grenades, designed to detonation of high explosives in the garnet mechanically (without electric circuit). Microelectromechanical node contains the structure of the silicon crystal 6 with cantilever-needle, silicon crystal 7 with a region of porous silicon with a thickness of not more than 50 μm, crystal 8 monocrystalline silicon, is used as the heating element, silicon crystal 9 with a region of porous silicon with a thickness of more than 60 μm, the glass substrate 10, with a hole 11 in the center, mounted in series and coaxially with each other, a frame 12, a housing 13, the bottom cover 14 and the top cover 15. MEMS node in the housing 13 should be vacuumed; - figure 3 shows the MEMS Fuze containing a button 16 with the needle, a nut 17, the axis 18, the cover 19, the housing 20, the node 21 MEMS, the drum 22 revolver-type; - figure 4 shows a grenade with the fuse uslm-2 (uniform fuse hand grenades modified), comprising a housing 23 grenades and vzryvatel.jpg-2, 24. - figure 5 is a hand grenade with micro-fuse, comprising a housing 23 grenades and microelectromechanical fuse 25. MEMS node of the contiguous and coaxial crystal silicon, which is formed cantilever-needle crystal silicon doped with hydrogen and oxidant from the scope of the porous layer thickness to 50 μm, the heat-conducting element is a crystal of monocrystalline silicon, and the crystal of the silicon area of the porous layer with a minimum thickness of 60 μm, mounted on glass substrate having a hole in the Central part, while the conductivity of the heat transfer element is larger than the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the crystal of the silicon area of the porous layer with a minimum thickness of 60 μm, a structure mounted on the frame, the built in case, inside of which created by the vacuum. When svorachivaniya in grenade mechanism nachalnogo actions - button 16 with the needle, which depending on the required delay time: 1t; 2t; 3t, 4t, 5t, 6t by differential thread moved six vacuum-cavity MEMS - lengths of tube inner diameter of 3 mm and a height of 5 mm, which are MEMS devices providing ignition and explosion initiating and blasting agents. Nodes MEMS installed on Stekla the percent substrate with a diameter of 3 mm with 1.5 mm symmetrical hole, all the pipe pieces using a hot landing, forming a glass-to-metal connection. MEMS node fuse grenades (figure 2) consisting of two equally sized silicon crystals of 2×2 mm, one of which is integral pressure transducer, which instead of a hard heart shaped cantilever-needle, the second crystal is connected to the first, with the two sides of the second crystal is formed of porous silicon, and the layer of porous silicon, closest to the cantilever-needle, 40-50 μm thickness and 150-300 microns in diameter, inside the nanopores is hydrogen remaining after electrochemical etching in a solution of hydrofluoric acid, and small amounts of peroxides, resulting in deflagration, in the middle of the crystal - monocrystalline silicon, and the opposite side has a layer of porous silicon, a thickness of 100-150 μm and a diameter of 350-500 microns in diameter, formed as the first layer, but with doped and which is in a solid phase peroxides, providing temperature after exposure to ignition and explosion - rapid exothermic reaction, which lasts a millisecond. The dimensions of the porous single-crystal layer of the second crystal is different for different slow explosion initiating and blasting agents: 1t; 2t; 3t; 4t; 5t; 6t. The fuse of the grenade works in the following way: 1) is set as Adelina delay using differential thread and the top of the twisted pair mechanism nuts-lamb-17, that is, under the button with the needle is the part of the tube, which houses the MEMS element with the required deceleration explosion - 1t, 2t, 3t, 4t; 5t; 6t; 2) to initiate the explosion of the blasting substance (HMX) under the button with the needle moves microelectromechanical node with the desired delay time is 1-6 seconds, by pressing the button with the needle penetrates the vacuum cavity from above, while the air pressure is deformed silicon crystal 6 integral pressure transducer and the cantilever-needle hits the spot porous silicon and mechanically initiate the combustion reaction in the upper layer of porous silicon, the burning time of the first layer of porous silicon and the time thermodynamic transmission temperature through the layer of monocrystalline silicon are the main summands time delay fuse, because after the initiation of rapid exothermic reaction in the second layer of porous silicon is explosion initiator and main blasting substances within milliseconds, which is not taken into account for the time delay. The use of MEMS Fuze gives the following differences and advantages: 1. Weight and dimensions of fuse grenades significantly reduced; 2. Principle and procedure differ significantly, except for p is pout nachalnogo impact; 3. Share blasting substances in pomegranate are of the same size (RHS, group) and efficiency is increased. The design of microelectromechanical fuse miniature and provides increased specific volume blasting explosive in standard munitions, reducing mesohabitat, easy to implement use grenades; provides only mechanical interaction and is not affected by electromagnetic disturbances in the environment (EMP). The functionality of the MEMS Fuze and its design can be supplemented or modified for specific types of ammunition and their applications. Hand grenade containing a fuse element for actuation of the fuse installed in the housing, wherein the fuse includes at least six microelectromechanical structures made of contiguous and coaxial crystal silicon, which is formed cantilever - needle crystal silicon doped with hydrogen and a solid oxidant area porous layer of thickness up to 50 μm, the heat-conducting element is a crystal of monocrystalline silicon, and the crystal of the silicon area of the porous layer with a minimum thickness of 60 μm, mounted on glass substrate having a hole in the Central frequent is, moreover, the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the heat transfer element is larger than the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the crystal of the silicon area of the porous layer with a minimum thickness of 60 μm, microelectromechanical structure is installed on the revolving drum type and is fixed on the frame, the built in case, inside of which created a vacuum element for actuating the Fuze contains a button with a needle, mounted coaxially with the cantilever-needle, and connected through the nut with the axis of the fuse.
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