Combined cooling tower with rational system of water reuse. RU patent 2511851.
 Ejection device for cooling of recirculating water / 2511784Invention relates to power engineering and can be used in recirculating water supply systems of process equipment cooled with water. An ejection device for cooling of recirculating water of a cooling system of production equipment consists of a housing with vertical and horizontal ejection channels equipped with nozzles and an air outlet shaft provided in its upper part with drip pans, a receiving tank connected via main lines, to which pumps are connected, to the production equipment cooling system, to a nozzle of a vertical ejection channel and to a nozzle of a horizontal ejection channel; with that, in the lower part of the housing there is a main line for water draining from the housing to the receiving tank, and additional ejection chamber with one or more nozzles inside it, with a drip pan in its upper part and one or more air receiving openings in its lower part, nozzles arranged in an additional ejection chamber are connected through the main line to the production equipment cooling system; in the lower part of the additional ejection chamber there is a main line for water draining from it to the receiving tank, in which there is a partition wall with a hole in the lower part, which separates the zone of water drain from the housing to the receiving tank from the zone of drainage to it from the additional ejection chamber, the air receiving openings of which can be equipped with forced air supply elements. A temperature sensor is installed in the receiving tank, which is connected via electric circuits to speed converters of electric motors of pumps for water supply for cooling of equipment and speed converters of electric motors of forced air supply elements respectively; with that, a rotary wind motor is arranged on the ejection device housing after drip pans. |
 Diffuser of ventilation cooling tower / 2509280Diffuser of a ventilation cooling tower comprises a body made in the form of a shell from glass material. Crossing stiffening ribs are made on the external surface of the body. A blade wheel is installed in the diffuser, the shaft of which is connected with the drive of rotation of the blade wheel. Crossing stiffening ribs are made as hollow with trapezoidal cross section and are arranged vertically and horizontally with formation of cells between them. The shell is made in the form of a rotation body with an outlet diffuser section, smoothly coupled at the side of inlet into it with the cylindrical section of the shell. The diffuser section of the shell is made as conical. The generatrix of the conical surface is smoothly coupled by means of the circumference arc with the generatrix of the cylindrical section of the shell. The shell body is made as composite from connected vertical sections. The lower part of each section, forming after assembly the cylindrical section of the shell is made with two horizontal rows of cells. The upper row is made with square cells, and the lower one - with rectangular cells. The upper part of each section, forming after assembly the diffuser section of the shell, is made with one horizontal row of cells of trapezoidal form that expand towards the bottom. |
 Cooling tower / 2509279Cooling tower comprises a body, a water-distributing system and water-jet nozzles - ejectors, a water-distributing system and an axial fan. The body is made in the form of a vertical box with air-inlet windows made along the perimetre in its lower part. Nozzles-ejectors are connected to a water-dispensing header. The axial fan is located in the upper part of the cooling tower. A helical channel is made on the inner surface of the cooling tower body. Water-jet nozzles-ejectors are arranged at the angle to the vertical line. |
 Sectional ejection cooling tower / 2506512Invention can be used for cooling of recirculating water. A sectional ejection cooling tower (CT) has a single housing separated into sections with curved partitions and through air-duct tunnels. A supporting frame and a water storage basin are located in lower part of the housing. An exhaust channel with a drop catcher installed inside is arranged in CT upper part above each section. All CT enclosures are made of two layers of shaped polymer sheets. Water drains - from above, wind partition walls - on sides and a lower deck - from below are enclosing surfaces of each tunnel. Curtains are mounted above tunnel inlets. Its internal volume is divided into two tiers with a process platform, the flooring of which in the middle part is of grating type. Each section has two water drains with an inclination towards each other. Headers of a water distributing system are located under water drains. In each ejector a provision is made for a hydraulic lock between an atomiser flame and an ejection channel wall. The hydraulic lock in a zone of not more than 150 mm wide from an upper edge of the channel is provided by selection of diameter and height of the ejection channel and an opening angle of the atomiser flame. During winter period, curtains fall down to the level of the process platform, thus preventing formation of icicles and formation of frost on CT structures. |
 Kochetov fan cooling tower / 2505769Fan cooling tower includes a housing, a spraying device, a liquid collecting tank and a fan. The housing consists of two parts - upper part including a sprinkler and a drop separator, between which there located is a header of the spraying device with atomisers and the lower part in which a water collecting tank is located and intended for collection of cooled water with a fan installed on it; at that, the housing is made from stainless steel sheets, and in the water collecting tank there is a diffuser that represents a part of the housing and is connected to the fan provided with a plastic impeller and a multi-speed electric motor allowing during operation, depending on weather conditions, to change the cooling tower capacity owing to changing the air flow rate, and the sprinkler includes tubular elements from thermoplastic material with a grate wall, which are laid in layers parallel to each other. Tubular elements are welded to each other on their end faces; tubular elements have a triangular cross section and a strip made from thermoplastic material is laid between each layer of tubular elements across tubular elements along each of their end faces and welded to tubular elements at their contact points to the strip; besides, end sections of tubular elements strips laid between them are fused during welding and solid end walls of the unit are formed during fusing process. Cavities of each of the tubular elements and inter-tube space is filled with hollow polymer balls; diameter of balls is by 5-10% larger than maximum size of the cell of the grade wall of tubular elements. An atomiser of the spraying device includes a housing into which a screw is pressed and a liquid supply nozzle, and the housing consists of two coaxial cylindrical bushings connected to each other: a bushing of larger diameter and a bushing of a smaller diameter. Inside the bushing of smaller diameter there located coaxially to it is a screw rigidly attached to its inner surface, for example the one that is pressed into it. Outer surface of the screw represents a screw groove, and inside the screw there is a hole with screw thread, and in the bushing of larger diameter there located coaxially to it is a nozzle rigidly fixed in it for example by means of a threaded connection through a sealing gasket. Inside the nozzle there is a coaxial cylindrical hole changing over to an axisymmetrically located diffuser that is connected to the cylindrical chamber formed with the inner surface of the bushing of smaller diameter and end surface of the screw. |
 Ventilation cooling tower / 2500964Ventilation cooling tower comprises an exhaust tower with air inlet windows along the perimetre of its lower part, a water trap, a water distributing system with narrowing nozzles and arranged symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of the tower, a sprinkler and a pond divided into sections with partitions, every of which is made from bimetal in a zigzag manner with formation of confusors and diffusers alternating in a staggered order in the section, and the water-distributing system is made from pairwise narrowing nozzles, and on the inner surface of each nozzle in the pair there are curvilinear grooves arranged longitudinally from the larger base to the smaller one. At the same time in the first nozzle of the pair the guide of the curvilinear groove has a clockwise direction, and in the second one - the guide of the curvilinear groove has a counterclockwise direction. The exhaust tower is equipped with a fan installed in its upper part, a controller of fan drive rotation speed and a controller of temperature with a sensor of atmospheric air temperature. At the same time the temperature controller with its outlet is connected with a controller of rotation speed in the form of a unit of powdered electromagnetic couplings, and the temperature controller comprises a comparison unit and a setting unit. Besides, the comparison unit is connected with an inlet of an electronic amplifier equipped with a unit of non-linear feedback and an outlet of an electronic amplifier is connected with an inlet of a magnetic amplifier with a rectifier, which is at the outlet connected to the rotation speed controller. |
 Kochetov fan cooling tower / 2494327Fan cooling tower includes a housing, a spraying device, a liquid collecting tank and a fan. The housing consists of two parts - upper part including a sprinkler and a drop separator, between which there located is a header of the spraying device with atomsiers and the lower part in which a water collecting tank is located and intended for collection of cooled water with a fan installed on it; at that, the housing is made from stainless steel sheets, and in the water collecting tank there is a diffuser that represents the past of the housing and is connected to the fan provided with a plastic impeller and a multi-speed electric motor allowing during operation, depending on weather conditions, to change the cooling tower capacity owing to changing the air flow rate, and the drop separator is provided with triple corrugation, where the air flow changes the direction for three times and as a result, considerable reduction of drop entrainment is achieved. Each of the atomisers of the spraying device includes a housing, a nozzle and an insert-swirler located coaxially to it, and in the nozzle there is a divergent channel for liquid supply to a cylindrical hole that is axisymmetrical to the housing and is smoothly continued to a shaped hole coaxial to it and made in the form of a convergent-divergent nozzle, and in the housing cylindrical hole there installed axisymmetrically to it is a cylindrical insert-swirler having external peripheral screw-shaped threaded channels; at that, along the insert-swirler axis there is a central axial hole with screw thread on inner surface that is reverse to thread direction of channels; at that, insert-swirler is installed in the housing through elastic gaskets and pressed with a nozzle by means of a housing-nozzle threaded connection. |
 Cooling tower / 2494326Cooling tower includes an open hollow tower located above a water-collecting reservoir and provided with side openings at the bottom, an earthed electroconductive network installed with a gap relative to discharge electrodes connected to a high-voltage power supply source, a cooled water sprayer and a water-collecting device. Earthed electroconductive network is installed in the tower cavity and inclined to horizon not lower than the cooled water sprayer level and has conical shape with a top in the tower cavity centre. Inclined installation of the earthed electroconductive network in the tower cavity not lower than the cooled water sprayer level allows providing downward dripping of drops formed on the network surface and excluding dripping to a discharge gap, which allows providing stable combustion of corona discharge and effective separation of moisture on the earthed network surface. |
 Ventilation cooling tower / 2493522Ventilation cooling tower comprises a body, a spraying device, a tank for liquid collection and a fan, the body comprises two parts - an upper part, comprising a spray nozzle and a drop separator, between which there is a header of a spraying device with nozzles and a lower part, in which there is a water chamber tank for collection of cooled water with a fan installed on it, besides, the body is made from thin-sheet stainless steel, and in the water chamber tank there is a diffuser, which represents a part of the body and is connected with the fan, made with a plastic impeller and a multi-speed electric motor. The nozzle comprises a body, a nipple and a coaxial swirler insert, and in the nipple there is an expanding channel for liquid supply into a cylindrical hole, which is made axisymmetrically to the body and changes into a coaxial figured hole made in the form of a Laval nozzle, and in the cylindrical hole of the body, axisymmetrically to it, there is a cylindrical swirler insert installed, which has external peripheral helical threaded channels, besides, along the axis of the swirler insert there is a central axial hole with helical thread on the inner surface, which is reverse to the direction of channel threading, at the same time the swirler insert is installed in the body via elastic gaskets and is pressed with the nipple by means of the threaded connection between the body and the nipple, the spray nozzle comprises tubular elements laid in layers in parallel to each other from thermoplastic material with a latticed wall. Besides, at the ends the tubular elements are welded to each other, tubular elements are made with triangular cross section, and between each layer of tubular elements across tubular elements along their every end there is a strip from thermoplastic material, which is welded with tubular elements in places of their contact with the strip, besides, in the process of welding the end sections of tubular elements and strips laid between them are melted, and monolithic end walls of the block are formed in process of melting, besides, cavities of each element and the annular space are filled with hollow polymer balls, besides, the diameter of the balls is by 5-10% more than the maximum size of the cell of the latticed wall of tubular elements. |
 Water reuse system by kochetov / 2493521Water reuse system with application of cooling towers comprises cooling towers connected to each other by hydraulic circuits of water preparation and consumption, every of connected cooling towers comprises a body, in the lower part of which there is a tank for water collection, which is connected with a system to make up water spent for evaporation, and in the upper one - a header with nozzles, besides, the tank is connected with a pump, which supplies water cooled in the cooling tower to the consumer via a filter, besides, in the section between the filter and the consumer there is a system of control of hydraulic resistance of the filter, comprising a pressure gauge and a valve, the body of every nozzle is made in the form of a supply nipple with a hole for liquid supply from the manifold, and a coaxially connected cylindrical cartridge, and coaxially to the body, in its lower part, there is a nozzle connected, made in the form of a centrifugal swirler in the form of a dead cylindrical insert with at least three tangential inputs in the form of cylindrical holes, at the same time in the end surface of the centrifugal swirler there are serially connected and coaxial between each other and the body axial conical and cylindrical throttling holes, and the centrifugal swirler is installed in the cylindrical chamber of the body to create a circular cylindrical chamber to supply liquid to tangential inputs of the centrifugal swirler and is connected to three chambers, installed in series and coaxially to it: conical, cylindrical, diffuser output chamber, besides, chambers are installed in such a manner that the output of one chamber is the input for the other one, at the same time tangential inputs are made in the form of channels, which are tangentially arranged to the inner surface of the insert. |
 Sectional cooling tower / 2244234Proposed sectional cooling tower includes tower with peripheral and inner circular sprinkling sections mounted inside it, water catcher located above these sections and sprinkler located under them. Lower portion of tower is provided with air intake ports and pond. Sprinkling sections are connected to water distributing system consisting of two supply pipe lines and support pipe lines. Inner and peripheral sprinkling sections are formed by dispensing pipe lines running from periphery to axis of tower which are communicated in pairs by means of water spraying pipe lines. Water distributing system is provided with two circular water distributing pipe lines laid in pond. Supply pipe lines are located in pond and are connected to one of water distributing pipe lines each. Support pipe lines are connected to circular water distributing pipe lines by means of distributing pipe lines laid in pond. Support pipe lines connected to peripheral circular sprinkling section are connected to one of circular water distributing pipe line and support pipe lines connected to inner circular sprinkling section are connected to other circular water distributing pipe line. Inner diameter of pipe lines connected to inner circular sprinkling section is lesser than inner diameter of pipe lines connected to peripheral circular sprinkling section. Cross sectional area of tower occupied by peripheral circular sprinkling section is 55 to 65% of total cross sectional area of tower occupied by peripheral and inner circular sprinkling sections. Air intake ports are provided with swivel dampers mounted on vertical axles and stops for locking these dampers in closed position. Each damper is mounted for free turn and area of each damper is divided by vertical axis into two unequal parts for automatic opening by incoming air and closing by air escaping from ports of cooling tower. |
 Sectional cooling tower / 2244235Proposed sectional cooling tower includes peripheral and inner circular sprinkling sections, water catcher located above these sections and sprinkler located under them. Lower portion of cooling tower is provided with air intake ports and pond. Sprinkling sections are connected to water distributing system consisting of two supply pipe lines and support pipe lines. Inner and peripheral sprinkling sections are formed by dispensing pipe lines laid in way from periphery to axis of tower and communicated in pairs by means of spraying pipe lines. Water distributing system is provided with water distributing riser located in central portion of tower and provided with vertical partition dividing it into two cavities for supply of peripheral and inner sprinkling sections. Supply pipe lines are located in pond and are connected to different cavities of water distributing riser. Support pipe lines are connected to water distributing riser by means of distributing pipe lines laid in pond and connected to respective cavities of water distributing riser in upper portion. Cross-sectional area of tower occupied by peripheral circular sprinkling section is 55 to 65% of total cross-sectional area of tower occupied by peripheral and inner circular sprinkling sections. Air intake ports are provided with swivel dampers mounted on vertical axles and stops for locking these dampers in closed position. Each damper is mounted for free turn and area of each damper is divided by vertical axis into two unequal parts for automatic opening by incoming air and hermetic closing by escaping air. |
 Cooling tower / 2248510Cooling tower has tower with sprinkler, basin, and ports for air supply. The ports are adjacent to the top edges of the movable deflectors provided with an actuator made of a winch with ties. The top member of each movable deflector is pivotally connected with the top edge of the port for permitting rotation around the horizontal axis. The facing of the top member of the movable deflector and member for overlapping the port are made of the cloth made of a flexible material. The bottom edge of the cloth is secured to the polymeric or metallic pipe with closed faces and partially filled with dry sand, gravel or granular filler. The ties from winches pass through blocks mounted above the movable deflectors and under the pipes. The ends of the ties are secured to the bottom edges of the top members of the movable deflectors from the side facing the cooling tower. |
 Eddy evaporative condenser / 2252376The eddy evaporative condenser has eddy heat exchangers in the form of large - diameter pipes with U-shaped ribs forming ducts for passage of refrigerant secured on the outer surface, axial-flow fans with profiled blades, nozzle fin with nozzles, circulating pump, filter, tray, drop separator and an outer guard. Eddy of air flow in the heat exchanger is effected by the axial-flow fan with profiled blades installed at angle ϕ=40°-65° between the generating line of the fan body and the tangent line to the blade at the air outlet hear the body wall. Eddy heat exchangers are made with a ribbing coefficient varying in accordance with relation: γ=πD/(nl)=1-5, where D - the pipe diameter; n-quantity of ducts; l-the duct width, which in turn vary within D=400-1000 mm; l -20-140 mm; the duct height l1=20-60 mm; pipe wall thickness δ=3-6 mm; duct wall thickness, δ1=2-4 mm, and pipe length L to diameter ratio D, L/D≤40. |
 Cooling tower / 2256136Proposed cooling tower includes tower proper with multi-section swirling unit in form of curvilinear guide members and water supply pipe line. Curvilinear guide members are discrete and varying in direction; at the end of each guide member in its lower part there is sill for dividing the flows; on the external side, device is provided with chutes having spraying and overfilling units. Upper part of each chute has port connected with sill and lower part has perforated plate which is connected with guide member; spraying unit is located in upper part of pipe line. |
 Water distribution structure for cooling tower / 2258880Structure has water feeding pipelines, wherein each pipeline is linked with separate water sprinkling section. Water distribution structure has two identical water sprinkling sections located one adjacent another and connected with water feeding pipelines by three support pipelines spaced equal distances one from another along water feeding pipeline. Each support pipeline is linked with horizontal water distribution pipeline in central part thereof. Water distribution pipelines are installed in parallel one to another and are mutually communicated by parallel water delivery pipelines having water sprinkling nozzles. Water sprinkling nozzles are uniformly distributed along water delivery pipelines. Two adjacent water sprinkling nozzles of each water delivery pipelines are spaced equal distances from the nearest water sprinkling nozzle connected to water delivery pipeline, wherein the distance is equal to distance between neighboring water sprinkling nozzles. Drift diameters of water distribution pipelines decrease in steps in direction from support pipeline connection with water distribution pipeline ends. Each end of water distribution pipeline is provided with flush orifice having 25 mm diameter. Diameter of one support pipeline located between two other ones exceeds diameter of these support pipelines by 20-30%. |
 Method of cooling a temperature of water in the heat-mass exchange aggregates, for example in cooling towers / 2263863The invention is pertaining to the method of cooling a temperature of water in the heat-exchange aggregates, for example, in cooling towers and may be used in the systems of water recirculation of industrial enterprises. The method of cooling a temperature of water in the heat-exchange aggregates provides for the action by airflows on an evaporated surface of water. At that the surface of water in addition is exposed to a high-frequency ultrasonic action using the frequencies corresponding or multiple to the frequencies of the natural thermal oscillations of molecules of water: VA = Vnto·n and VA = Vnto /n, where:VA - frequency of acoustic oscillations; Vnto - frequency of natural thermal oscillations: where: i - average number of the intermolecular spacing intervals passed by a molecule or a particle till their concussion; L - a distance between the centers of molecules; d - a diameter of a molecule; k - Boltzmann constant; T-thermodynamic temperature of water; m - a molecular (corpuscle) mass; n - an integer 1,2,3,4,5, etc., at that with an amplitude of an oscillation displacement of the acoustic waves, equal or exceeding the value of the intermolecular spacing interval, at which the forces of attraction between the molecules of the water are insignificantly small: A ≥ l, where: A - is an amplitude of an oscillation displacement of the acoustic waves; l - a spacing interval between molecules of water, at which forces of attraction between them are insignificantly small: l ≈ 10-9 m. The high-frequency acoustic action on the evaporated surface is conducted simultaneously in two mutually intersecting directions. At that one of the directions is tangential to the evaporated surface. The high-frequency acoustic action on the evaporated surface is conducted mainly in the direction of motion of the aerodynamic airflows of the cooling tower. The evaporated surface is exposed to the high-frequency acoustic action frontally with an intensity level ≥ 145 dB, and tangentially - with a level of intensity ≥ 120 dB. The invention allows to raise intensity of cooling of water. |
 Micro-type ejection cooling tower / 2267728The ejection cooling tower has a body, water distributor unit made in the form of an ejector, lower tray for water collection and a mixing chamber. The mixing chamber has a round section, is positioned vertically, and an annular gap is provided between the body and the mixing chamber, a guide nozzle, reflector and a baffle plate are installed above the mixing chamber, a nozzle spraying the heated water from the using equipment, and a cup-shaped reflector are positioned inside it, and the ejector nozzle providing water recirculation is positioned below it at the inlet to the chamber in the lower part of the body, has a circular part for air inlet. |
 / 2269733 |
 Mechanical-draft tower / 2272231Mechanical-draft tower has stack with air-intake windows disposed along perimeter of lower part of stack, water distribution system, pool, water catcher, sprinkler made in form of sections. Any plate composing the section is wave-shaped. Each section is disposed at 90° degrees angle relatively adjacent one in alternating order as in vertical and in horizontal planes. Cycloid-formed jigs are provided at surfaces of plates at their both sides. Water distribution system is made in form of structure composed of concentrically circled metal-plastic tubes. Insertion-free widening gaskets are placed onto the tubes. Gaskets have internal spiral-shaped guides directed up. Tubes are connected together by means of branch pipes. They are also connected with feeding collector. Water catcher is made of ribbed tubes disposed in vertical. |
FIELD: power industry.
SUBSTANCE: combined cooling tower includes shell, in the lower part of which there is a water-collection bath matching the shape of shell made of water-collecting shields, and above the bath there is a device for air intake made in the form of louvre grids arranged along the perimeter of the shell; in the upper part of the cooling tower shell there is a casing of an axial fan made of glass plastic and including a confusor positioned above a drop catcher coaxially to the cooling tower shell and rigidly connected to it, while a cylindrical part housing a fan impeller installed with a gap and a diffuser, in which at least three adjustable braces are attached for fan mounting with built-in electric motor are coaxially connected to the confusor; in the middle part of cooling tower shell, a water distribution system with headers of variable cross-section bearing nozzles spraying water above sprinkler fixated in the shell by stiffeners is positioned, and water reuse system features separate hydraulic circuits of water preparation and utilisation. In lower part of cooling tower shells there are at least two tanks for water collection connected to each other by compensation pipe, providing for hydraulic independence of circuits for working water preparation and utilisation, where one tank is connected to pump supplying water cooled in cooling tower to consumer, which returns via valve by pipeline into the second tank, from which heated water is supplied by pump through filter and valve by pipeline into collector with nozzles arranged in upper part of cooling tower shell; a system of hydraulic filter resistance control consisting of manometer and valve is located in section between filter and valve, while shell of each spraying nozzles is comprised by interlinked cylindrical bushings of larger and smaller diameter, and inside each bushing of smaller diameter an auger rigidly linked to its inner surface, e.g. by pressing-in, is placed, so that outer surface of an auger is a screw groove, and a hole with screw thread is made inside an auger.
EFFECT: improved efficiency of secondary power resources by increasing active area of cooling tower without increase of aerodynamic resistance.
4 cl, 2 dwg
The invention relates to heat engineering, in particular to the heat-exchange apparatus, and can be used in circulating water supply systems of thermal power plants and industrial enterprises that employ tower and/or cooling towers.
Closest technical substance and the result achieved by the declared object is cooling tower with a frame containing vozdukhovody Windows at the bottom, the water distribution system with nozzles directed the outlets up, and placed symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the exhaust towers, drainage basin, located under the building of the tower, exhaust device, made in the form of fan and located above the body, water entrapping the device and capitalizename device in the form of spatial design (patent RF N 2306513, IPC F28C 1/00, prototype).
The disadvantage of the device where the water is cooled from the surface of fine droplet flow is relatively small range of hydraulic and thermal loads that this type of cooling tower efficient cooling the circulating water consumption.
Technically achievable result of increase of efficiency of use of secondary energy resources by increasing the size of the active area of the tower without increasing drag.
This is achieved by the combined cooling tower, containing case, the bottom of which located catchment bath, made according to form a corps of catchment boards, and over the bath there is a device for air intake, made in the form louvered lattices, located on the perimeter of the body, in the upper part of the body of the tower is installed case of an axial fan, made of fiberglass and including the confuser, located above the liquid trap, coaxially the tower casing, and rigidly joined with him, and with confuser coaxially connected cylindrical part inside of it with a gap fan impeller, diffuser, which fixed, at least three adjustable stretch to install the fan with built-in motor, while in the Central part of the body of the tower is a water distribution system with manifolds of variable cross-section and fixed on them nozzles, spray water over irrigation device is fixed to the housing by means of ribs, water recycling system has separate hydraulic circuits of cooking and drinking water, with the bottom of the chassis cooling towers have at least two tanks to collect water, which connect between the compensation pipe, providing hydraulic independence outlines the preparation of the working of water and its consumption, with one tank connected to a pump that delivers cooled in cooling tower water to the consumer, which is routed back through the valve on the pipeline in the second tank of the which heated water through the filter pump and the valve serves on the pipeline in the header nozzles placed in the upper part of the body of the tower, and in the area between the filter and the valve establish a system of control of the hydraulic resistance of the filter, consisting of a pressure gauge and valve, and the case of each of the spray nozzle consists of two coaxially connected, cylinder sleeves: sleeve larger diameter and sleeve smaller diameter, while the inside of the sleeve of a smaller diameter, coaxial her, is screw, rigidly linked with its inner surface, for example pressed into her, with outer surface of the screw is a helical groove, and on the inside of the screw is made a hole with a screw thread.
Figure 1 shows a diagram of combined cooling tower with rational water recycling system, with separate hydraulic circuits of preparation and consumption of water, figure 2 shows a General view of the nozzles for atomization of liquids.
Combined cooling tower (figure 1) with rational water recycling system contains a body 1 in the lower part of which is located catchment 2 bath, made according to form a corps of catchment boards 3. Over the bath 2 device for air intake, made in the form louvered lattices 4, located on the perimeter of building 1. In the upper part of the housing 1 tower installed housing axial fan 14 made of fiberglass and including the confuser 10, located above the liquid trap 9, coaxially the tower casing, and rigidly connected with it. With confuser 10 coaxially connected cylindrical part 11 inside of it with a gap impeller 15 fan 14, and the diffuser 12, which establishes at least three adjustable stretch 13 fan mount 14 with built-in motor. In the middle of the unit 1 of the tower is a water distribution system 7 with collectors variable cross-section and are fixed on them by 8 nozzles, spray water on irrigation unit 5 is fixed to the housing by means of stiffening ribs 6.
Each of centrifugal atomizers 8 (2) consists of a body, consisting of two coaxially connected, cylinder sleeves: sleeve 33 larger diameter and sleeve 32 smaller diameter. Inside the sleeve 32 smaller diameter, coaxial her, is screw 29, rigidly linked with its inner surface, for example pressed into her. The external surface of the screw 29 is a helical groove on the right (or left) meats. Between the inner surface of the sleeve 32 smaller diameter and the outer surface of the screw 29 formed screw external cavity 31 auger 29.
Inside auger 29 made the hole 30 on the left (or right) screw cutting.
When the direction of screw thread holes 30, performed within the auger 29, may be opposite to the direction of the outer spiral grooves of the screw.
In the sleeve 33 larger diameter coaxial it is fitting 35, rigidly fixed to it, for example by means of threaded connection, through a sealing layer 34. Inside fitting 35 coaxially made cylindrical hole 36, ending with asymmetrically located diffuser 37, which is connected with cylindrical camera 38 formed the inner surface of the sleeve 32 smaller diameter, and the end surface of the screw 29.
Thanks to the injectors 8 is to lay out a trickling stream consisting of fine droplets. Its cooling capacity in the field of flame spraying identical heat and mass transfer in irrigation device. The formation of droplet flow occurs due to the spray nozzles, for example involute type. Due to the effect ejection air flow coming from irrigation devices, accelerated. Upon reaching vertical speed drip flow zero value drops rush down where they create the aerodynamic resistance of the counter-flow of air is very small quantities. Hence the region of droplet flow is neutral on aerodynamic characteristics and active on heat and mass transfer parameters.
Water recycling system has separate hydraulic circuits of preparation and consumption of water for cooling tower (the variant with several in parallel, the United cooling towers not shown); it contains two tanks to collect water: tank 15 and tank 16 system recharge 17 water spent for evaporation. Tanks 15 and 16 (capacity) are connected by the compensation pipe providing hydraulic independence outlines the preparation of the working of water consumption.
Tank 15 is connected to the pump 20, which feeds cooled in cooling tower water consumers 21. In the section between the pump 20 and 21 consumer installed control system of the hydraulic resistance of the system, consisting of 22 gauge and valve 23. After heating the water in the consumer 21 she goes again through the valve 19 by pipeline 18 in the second tank 16, from which the heated water pump 24 through the filter of 25 and valve 28 is supplied by pipeline in the water distribution system 7 with 8 nozzles placed in the upper part of the irrigation devices 5 of the tower.
Water cooled counter current of air entering a counter at the bottom and the loop heat and mass transfer process is repeated. In the section between the filter 25 and 28 are mounted valve control system, the hydraulic resistance of the filter 25, consisting of a pressure gauge 27 and Verila 26.
Combined cooling tower with rational water recycling system works as follows.
The fan casing 14 provides draught of air that comes into the combined cooling tower through the louvered grill 4. Getting into the area occupied by the irrigation system 5, airflow aligns its velocity field, and there is an active heat removal. Then the air is directed through the water distribution system 7, equipped with spray nozzles 8, water entrapping (cablewholesale) device 9 and through the fan casing is released into the atmosphere. Through the water distribution system 3 is supplied with hot water circulation, which is sprayed jets 8 in the stream coming from the bottom of chilled in irrigation device 5 air. Here is the cooling of hot water circulation, and the more intense, the more the pressure of the water to the spray nozzles 8. The pressure of the water cooled before the spray nozzle 8, is in the range of 0.2 to 1.0 bar. Hence, the above limitation elevation accommodation the spray nozzles 8 is to provide the greatest possible pressure cooling water on them, which creates a clickable area fine droplet flow, i.e. they are located at a distance from the top of irrigation devices, at a distance of 0.1-1.0)x h, where h is the height of irrigation devices.
Centrifugal nozzle atomization of liquids works as follows.
Liquid is supplied on cylindrical hole 36 fitting 35 in the cone of 37, and from it to the camera 38, from which it is supplied under pressure simultaneously in two directions: first, screw in the external cavity auger 29, forming external rotating fluid flow, and secondly, in the hole 30, screw-cutting, forming inner rotating fluid flow.
At the exit of the nozzle there are two rotating fluid flow, with one thread, such as domestic, makes rotation in the direction opposite to the external flow going along the screw 29, or may make incidental (same) rotation, if the direction of the screw grooves same. When interacting rotating flows at the exit of the nozzle is additional crushing liquid droplets due to their collisions in passing or counter-rotating liquid flows (internal and external). While the total fine rotating stream on the output can have the direction of rotation, which is defined by the hydraulic resistance respectively external or internal screw cavities and screw grooves 29, and can be fixed, if the opposite direction of flows, and equity in their present mass velocities.
Auger 29 nozzles can be made of solid material: tungsten carbide, ruby, sapphire.
At an average pressure of the supplied through a cylindrical bore 36 fluid under pressure 6...9 MPa provides spraying from 400 to 1000 kg/HR of liquid. Injector is simple in manufacturing and service.
The cooling effect in the tower reached due to the evaporation of 1% of the circulating through the cooling tower water that is sprayed jets 8 and in the form of a film flowing down into the tank through a complex system of channels of fill towards the flow of cooling air. Effective droplet separator 9 allows to reduce water losses in the droplet entrainment. The number of condensed moisture, carried away by the stream of air depends on the density of irrigation and at the maximum value of 25 m 3 /hour lb-ft 2 ) does not exceed 0.1% of the volume flow of cooling water through the cooling tower. The performance of the cooling towers is characterized by the density value irrigation - specific consumption of cooled water per 1 m2 of irrigated area. When placing the tower inside production premises should ensure fresh air intake outdoors and exhaust outside exhaust air by means of pressurized air ducts.
1. Combined cooling tower with rational water recycling system, containing a body, in the lower part of which is located catchment bath, made according to form a corps of podobnyh shields, and over the bath there is a device for air intake, made in the form louvered lattices, located on the perimeter of the body, in the upper part of the body of the tower is installed case axial fan, made of fiberglass and including the confuser, located above the liquid trap, coaxially the tower casing, and rigidly joined with him, and with confuser coaxially connected cylindrical part inside of it with a gap fan impeller, and the diffuser, which has at least three adjustable stretch to install the fan with built-in motor, while in the Central part of the body of the tower is a water distribution system with manifolds of variable cross-section and are fixed on them by injectors, spray water on irrigation device is fixed to the housing by means of ribs, and water recycling system has separate hydraulic circuits of cooking and drinking water, with the bottom of the chassis cooling towers have at least two tank water harvesting and connect the compensation pipe, providing hydraulic independence outlines the preparation of the working of water and its consumption, with one tank connected to a pump that delivers cooled in cooling tower water to the consumer, which is routed back through the valve on the pipeline in the second tank from which the heated water through the filter pump and the valve serves on the pipeline in the header nozzles placed in the upper part of the body of the tower, and in the area between the filter and the valve establish a system of control of the hydraulic resistance of the filter, consisting out of gauge and valve, characterized in that case each of the spray nozzle consists of two coaxially connected, cylinder sleeves: sleeve larger diameter and sleeve smaller diameter, while the inside of the sleeve of a smaller diameter, coaxial her, is screw, rigidly linked with its inner surface, for example pressed into her, with outer surface of the screw is a helical groove, and on the inside of the screw is made a hole, screw-cutting, and in the hub larger diameter coaxial it is fitting, rigidly fixed to it, for example by threaded connection, through a sealing layer, while inside the fitting coaxially made cylindrical hole, ending with asymmetrically located diffuser, which is connected with cylindrical chamber formed by the inner surface of the sleeve of a smaller diameter, and the end the surface of the screw.
2. Combined cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that direction screw thread holes, made on the inside of the screw sprayers, opposite to the direction of the outer spiral grooves of the screw.