Piston wrench with doubled ratchet gear. RU patent 2510614.
 Multi-spindle nut runner / 2508978Invention relates to mechanization of technological processes and may be used in making threaded joints. Proposed nut runner comprises case to accommodate motor 1, high-rpm low-torque and low-rpm high-torque rotation branches 13, 19, 27, 32, spindle rpm shifting mechanism engaged with motor 1, two clutches 10, 16, of which one of half-couplings being rigidly fitted on input shaft and another one on output shaft to reciprocate thereon, intermittent motion mechanisms 47, 49, 51, 53, two differential mechanisms 7, 22 and reduction gears 12, 18, 26, 31 articulated with differential mechanisms 7, 22. Besides, it incorporates extra clutches 24, 29, limit stops 54, 55, 56, 57 in contact with every clutch and clutch half-coupling operation pulse counter 58 fitted to interact with one of said clutches. Note here that all clutches 10, 16, 24, 29 are arranged downstream of differential mechanisms 7, 22 and articulated with reduction gears 72, 18, 26, 31. |
 Electrically driven tool / 2508183Proposed tool comprises motor arranged in casing composed of two parts, composite part and bearing support element to cover motor bearing outer circular surface radially from outside. Bearing and one end of said bearing support element are fitted at least partially in the tool composite part arranged coaxially. Opposite end of said bearing support element is composed by the part axially extending from the tool composite part and supported by the casing two parts. Bearing support element extending part has separator for bearing. |
 Nut runner / 2506155Invention relates to dynamometering and can be used at machine building plants in welding jobs that required tightening of bolt joints to specified torque. Nut runner comprises reduction gear with grooved housing to accommodate drive and driven gears fitted at periphery of drive gear to engage with groove surface, spindle, clutch and post secured at reduction gear case. Said single-stage reduction gear has idle engagement elements composed of rollers shaped to truncated cone in height larger than thickness of drive gear. Larger base of said rollers is bulged. Said rollers have cylindrical recesses at their central part to receive the balls spring-loaded by resilient element to engage with elastic retainer with its central part secured at drive where shaft. Said spindle is composed of torque prism with torque adjustment mechanism arranged coaxially therein. Said clutch is secured at spindle inside reduction gear box and composed of the ring with elements of engagement with driven gear engaged with spindle via bearing. Said post is secured at reduction gear box, with one edge coaxial with spindle fitted inside said post and box. |
 Method of making thread joints / 2502591Invention relates to machine building, particularly, to making thread joints. Proposed method comprises pre-tightening of thread joint by applying torque to joint moving element and subjecting it to ultrasound oscillations. Current magnitudes of oscillation amplitude and frequency are used to define current values of joint dynamics.In case dynamic index reaches reference value said joint is locked by locking moment at acting by ultrasound oscillations to thread joint elements, ultrasound oscillation amplitude exceeding that of pre-tightening. |
 Driven tool with friction coupling / 2490116Invention relates to driven tool with friction coupling. Proposed tool comprises handle, drive section with output shaft, end adapter section designed to retain end adapter, and friction coupling. Friction coupling is arranged between end adapter section and drive section. Friction coupling comprises drive part to rotate along with drive section that has contact surface of drive side and driven part coupled with end adapter section and having contact surface of driven part that can get in contact with drive side contact surface. On application of pressing force by end adapter handle gripped by the user to machined part friction between drive side contact surface and driven side contact surface is increased for end adapter to rotate. |
 Hand-held machine adapter / 2478035Invention relates to hand-held machines, for example, screwdrivers, nut runners or drill-screwdriver. Adapter includes detachable retainer to be secured to machine body and rotary shaft. The latter is engaged with hand-held machine drive shaft. Said retainer comprises, at least, one latch composed of ring spring. Said latch can engage with annular groove at machine body in adapter mounting. Ring spring one end is fixed in retainer. Second end of said spring may rotate about said retainer. |
 Nut runner / 2473417Invention relates to mechanisation of technological processes and may be used in making threaded joints. Nut runner comprises case to house motor with reduction gear, spindle with working head coupled via end coupling with reduction gear output shaft. Fixed half-coupling of end coupling is arranged on spindle and coupled with moving half-coupling spring-loaded to said fixed half-coupling. Nut runner is provided with central gear fitted on reduction gear output shaft, extra train of rotation composed of extra wheel articulated with central gear to run on extra shaft. Spring-loaded gear engaged with spring-loaded wheel arranged to displace axially on spindle is fitted on shaft opposite end to displace axial thereon. Besides, nut runner comprises threaded part turn angle control system consisting of sensor, signal matching device, pulse counter, relay, contact changeover lever, and spring-loaded trigger. |
 Hand-held rotary machine operated in first and second gear / 2468909Invention relates to hand-held rotary machine, particularly, to machine output shaft rpm control device. Proposed device comprises motor shaft, drive shaft, gear making a part of transfer mechanism to transmit torque from motor shaft to drive shaft, thrust element and, at least, one bearing element in contact with said gear. Gear wheel, thrust element and, at least, one bearing element make assembly staying in first position along rotational axis when machine in is first gear and in second position along rotational axis when machine is second gear. At least, one bearing element extends from thrust element toward gear to revolve in sync with the halter. |
 Method of disassembling threaded joint / 2466010Invention relates to machine building and may be used in disassembly of threaded joints with high tightening torque and aims at increasing wrench force. Proposed method consists in applying on or in bolt head polyhedron, or on that of wrench nut with mate polyhedral surface and turning wrench polyhedron in direction opposite bolt or nut thread turns. Wrench is turned by increased force. First, recesses are made on or in bolt head or nut faces and, then, wrench with mate ledges are applied thereto. |
 Electrically driven screwdriver / 2459695Invention relates to portable tools. Proposed screwdriver comprises drive motor 12, rated torque setting device 52, actual torque determination unit 46, torque gradient determination unit 48 and unit 40 to control motor depending on torque gradient (dmd-Ist/dt). Besides, it incorporates unit (50) to set threshold torque (Md-Lim, Md-Liml, Md-Lim2) dependent upon below torque gradient (dmd-Ist/dt) and lower that rated torque (Md-Soll). In case actual torque (md-Ist) exceeds threshold torque (Md-Lim, Md-Liml, Md-Lim2) motor control unit 12 either decreases motor rpm or shuts it down. |
 Hydraulic power nut-driver / 2247647Nut-driver comprises actuator made of hydraulic cylinder, housing which receives the piston, and actuating mechanism made of detachable unit which comprises housing with the ratchet mechanism, ratchet wheel, and spring-loaded dog which engages the wheel. The dog is mounted in the lever groove. The housing of the unit is pivotally connected with the housing of the hydraulic cylinder. The teeth of the dog and mating hollows of the ratchet wheel are cylindrical. |
 Screw swinging mechanism / 2251039Screw swinging mechanism comprises housing which receives above-piston and under-piston chambers, passages for supplying fluid into the chambers, and first nut. The mechanism is also provided with the piston with the rod and output shaft. The rod is provided with the first thread which cooperates with the first nut. The output shaft is mounted for permitting rotation and has the race provided with radial thrust bearing and second nut. The rod is also provided with the second thread, which interacts with the second nut. |
 Mechanized tool / 2252348Mechanized tool comprises clutching unit and multi-speed planet transmission. The clutching unit comprises clutch member and pusher. The clutch member is connected with the transmission member which is mounted in the vicinity of the means for supplying input torque to the transmission and should be irrotational, allowing the transmission to increase the torque. The pusher is loaded for its engagement with the clutch member to prevent their mutual rotation. When the clutch member and transmission member are interconnected, transmission capable to increase the torque. When the value of the torque applied to the clutch member is sufficient to overcome friction between the pusher and clutch member, the clutch member and transmission member rotate thus preventing the transmission from increasing torque. |
 Apparatus for dismounting threaded joints / 2254226Apparatus includes tool and guiding sleeve. Stem of tool has outer thread whose pitch is equal to that of unscrewed screw, bolt or nut. Sleeve has annular stop and inner thread forming together with tool stem screw pair. Sleeve through nut engages with bracket. The last sets position of tool relative to coordinate system of unscrewed screw, bolt or nut. In one end of tool stem with thread there is square for joining changeable heads for screws, bolts or nuts. In other end of tool stem there is cylindrical head with opening for placing tap wrench. It provides displacement and unscrewing of screws, bolts, nuts reliably locked by means of high effective means. |
 Automatic infinitely variable mechanical transmission / 2271272Multi-speed transmission unit for rotary powdered tool includes several transmission gears. At least two transmission gears have movable reduction member that provides operation of transmission gears in active and in passive modes. Movable reduction members are joined with mechanism for switching reduction members in order to provide at least three reduction degrees or gear ratio values. |
 Threaded joint assembling method / 2277041Method comprises steps of preliminarily tightening of threaded joint due to acting upon it by means of forced oscillations; converting mechanical oscillations to electric signal; registering quality parameter of joint; finally tightening joint and performing its quality control till achieving reference value of quality parameter; registering factor of dynamics of threaded joint as quality parameter. |
 Multi-spindle power driver / 2288834Multi-spindle driver includes housing in which are arranged: motor, joined with motor clutch with yokes, intermittent motion mechanism and two spindles with heads. Driver is provided with planetary reduction gear arranged between motor and intermittent motion mechanism; intermittent motion mechanism joined to second spindle and to planetary reduction gear; differential mechanism kinematically coupled to first and second intermittent motion mechanisms and to first and second spindles; two reduction gears. One reduction gear is kinematically joined with first spindle and with first intermittent motion mechanism; second reduction gear is joined with second spindle and with second intermittent motion mechanism. First intermittent motion mechanism is joined with first spindle and with planetary reduction gear. One yoke of clutch is mounted in inlet shaft; second yoke is mounted with possibility of reciprocation motion in outlet shaft joined with differential mechanism. |
 Impact nut wrench control system / 2299799Impact wrench control system includes in addition two single-shot multivibrators, two pulse shapers, two OR-gates, second flip-flop and second transistor switch whose collector through light emitting indicator is connected positive terminal of power source and whose emitter is connected to common zero bus. Outlet of amplifier of shaper is connected to inlets of single-shot multivibrators; outlet of one single-shot multivibrator through first pulse shaper is connected to first inlet of first OR-gate and to setting S-inlet of second flip-flop. Outlet of other single-shot multivibrator through second pulse shaper is connected to first inlet of second OR-gate whose outlet is connected to setting R-inlet of pulse counter. Second inlet of first OR-gate is connected to outlet of AND-gate and outlet of first OR-gate is connected setting S-inlet of first flip-flop. Second inlet of second OR-gate and setting R-inlet of second flip-flop through control button are connected by means of bus "voltage of logic unit". Outlet of second flip-flop is connected to control inlet of second transistor switch. |
 Pneumatic driver / 2317189Pneumatic nut driver includes housing, motor with reduction gear and outlet shaft; cut-off electromagnetic valve; spindle with working head; torque pickup; electronic control unit. First inlets of electronic control unit are connected to outlet of torque pickup; outlets of said unit are connected to inlets of cut-off electromagnetic valve. Nut driver also includes inlets for connecting angle pickup and inlets for connecting voltage of power source of electric generator mounted in shaft of motor. First outlet terminal of electric generator through first isolation circuit is connected to positive terminal of storage battery and to positive inlet for connecting voltage of power source of electronic control unit and through second isolation circuit it is connected to first inlet for connecting outlet of angle pickup of electronic control unit. Second terminal of generator is connected to negative terminal of storage battery and to second inlet for connecting angle pickup and to second inlet for connecting voltage of power source of electronic control unit. The last is arranged in housing nut driver. |
 Threaded joint ultrasound treatment method / 2319603Method comprises steps of tightening due to applying torque to fastening part of threaded joint and acting upon it by means of ultrasound oscillations while monitoring change of torque increment sign; decreasing amplitude of ultrasound oscillations and increasing torque at changing sign of torque increment corresponding to achievement of limit yield of material of fastening part for concrete amplitude of ultrasound oscillations; starting tightening at maximum amplitude of ultrasound oscillations and ending tightening at minimum amplitude of ultrasound oscillations. |
FIELD: machine building.
SUBSTANCE: pneumatic wrench with a ratchet wheel comprises a pneumatic drive, made of two power cylinders with cartridges pressed into them, a slide valve, having a body with a cartridge and with two pinned stop discs, the pneumatic drive with two power cylinders arranged in it with pressed cartridges, and pawls. In the cylinders there are pistons installed as capable of reciprocal movement and connected with pawls by means of traction rods. The ratchet wheel comprises two geared profiles and is placed as capable of rotation around its axis in coaxial holes of the bushings, pressed into a body and a cover. The pistons of the pneumatic drive are rigidly connected to each other by traction rods. Both pawls are mechanically connected to two geared profiles of the ratchet wheel.
EFFECT: increased intensity of a working cycle of a device.
2 cl, 3 dwg
The invention relates to the manual mechanized devices with pneumatic drive to tighten and disassembly of threaded connections.
Known wrench [1], containing piston actuator, including stock-piston power the camera with two channels for supply, drainage working environment and ratchet mechanism, consisting of ratchet wheel (capture) and block spring dogs, which in its frame (the device) posted by rotating grip. Moreover, in the grip has a hole or recess, which is set on the cylinder, bolt or nut. Between the cylinder and the capture is selected element, providing turn capture. One end of the specified element is connected to the piston rod, and the other is engaged with a seizure, and the connection between it and the grip is ensured by ratcheting mechanism that can be rotated in one side, around the axis of rotation of the gripper. The disadvantages of this wrench is the presence of idling, as the tightening of threaded connection is possible only when the piston is only one way that reduces the effectiveness of the Assembly and increases the duration of the process.
Known wrench [2], which contains a body with cylindrical slot and outgoing channels installed in the hull of a removable handle, is placed in a longitudinal opening, and forming a housing working cavity of the cylinder piston with rod, kinematically connected with the stem end of the finger is placed in the case spindle head turnkey end-to ratchet wheel, fixed in its middle part, installed on your finger and spring-loaded to ratchet wheel dog and spring in the axial direction, the focus for periodic interaction with teeth ratchet wheel in which to improve reliability and reduction of weight and size in the side walls are made of parallel electric arc grooves, the center of curvature which are aligned with the axis of a spindle, to accommodate all of your finger, the last plot pair with a dog in the normal section the ellipse pie slot, located symmetrically with respect to its major axis, and the dog is made of two connected with the possibility of longitudinal moving relative to each other halves, each of which is on one end of a tooth for interaction with the appropriate tooth ratchet wheel, the other end is a semicircular canal, forming together with a semicircular canal another half a cylindrical bore diameter equals the major axis of the ellipse, in one of the halves are through the threaded hole, published in semicircular canal and wrench supplied placed in through the threaded hole emphasis with end facing in semicircular canal and intended for periodic interaction with the sides sector groove. The disadvantages of this wrench is structural complexity and decrease the accuracy of the torque due to friction. The connection of the two halves dogs made studs, and when the wrench elliptic part of the axis of pressing on both halves of a dog, into the hairpin experiencing considerable stress, leading to tension and, as a consequence, deformations halves dogs. In addition, through the threaded hole placed the emphasis of the end, leaving in semicircular canal and which is designed for periodic interaction with the parties pie groove, but this interaction is on the line, not on the site, and this causes great stress concentration in it and its quick destruction.
Known wrench [3]containing building, situated in it with a hollow cylinder rod and ratchet mechanism with direct dog associated with hydraulic cylinder through the pusher to the tab, located in the stock, which ratchet mechanism is provided with an additional reverse dog installed on the same axis with direct dog, and both dogs to each other connected by a spring, and mounted on the housing cover, the internal surface of which is cylindrical, coaxial with ratchet to interact with the eye of the pusher at reverse motion. The disadvantages of this device is the presence of idling, which reduces the intensity of the business cycle and efficiency in General.
The nearest technical solution is wrench [4], which contains the actuator, ratchet with the spring block dogs and output shaft with the installed ratchet wheel in which to improve the reliability and accuracy of exposure torque the actuator is made of two cylinders, ratchet associated with pneumatic drive through the plug with two cranks that define the trajectory of the spring block dogs and mounted on the output shaft in one axis with a fork, and output shaft is located in two coaxial bearings, one of the which is pressed into the body, and the second in the cover, attached to the case. The disadvantage of the prototype is the low intensity of the business cycle (50% - stroke, 50% - idling), as in the design of useful work (tightening threaded connections) can be achieved only through the motion of the pistons from right to left, and at movement of the pistons from left to right is idle drive (dog slip on rear surfaces of ratchet wheel).
The objective of the invention is increasing the intensity of the business cycle by eliminating idle mode.
The task is achieved by two timing profile ratchet wheel turns to come into contact with dogs. The system of the valve allows alternately fanne in pneumochamber, the system of transmission from pigs to the dogs enables you to engage teeth ratchet wheel and pawl, since the calculation of the length of the rocker considered the diameter ratio of the gear rims ratchet wheel.
The technical result:
- the increase of the operating cycle of the device by performing ratcheting mechanism in the form of double ratchet transmission, kinematically bound respectively: a dog - with the left piston (in the case of motion of the pistons right-to-left), and through the second dog and a lever system - with the right piston (in the case of motion of the pistons from left to right);
- in addition, during the implementation of the business cycle (the essence - simultaneous joint motion of the piston rigidly connected to the left and right before the end of the tightening threaded connections) mechanical pistons are hard linked rods, so they come into work alternately, more intensively perform useful work (i.e. tightening Resilovo connection).
In Fig. 1 shows a wrench, a longitudinal section, Fig. 2 - the same, the view from the top of Fig. 3 - same, section a-a.
Wrench contains the case 1 (Fig. 1), ratchet 2 with two gear-profile, far-speed wheels are made with square section to allow connection coupling key (not shown). This ratchet placed with the possibility of rotation around its axis in coaxial holes of the two bronze bushings 3 (bearings), pressed external diameters in building 1 and cover 4. Building 1 is rigidly connected with pneumatic actuator, including (Fig. 2) two power cylinder 5 and 6 with embedded in them bushes 7 (Fig. 1), body of the valve 8 (Fig. 2) with pressed in the latter case 9 slide 10 (Fig. 1). To exclude the possibility of rotation of the valve 10 around its axis (in order to ensure the parallel axes of the inlet and outlet openings of the body of the valve and vozdukhoplavania channels the spool) in the body of the valve 8 (Fig. 2) hard-coded (zastepowany) two locking disc 11 (Fig. 1). This power cylinders 5 and 6 and the body of the valve 8 rigidly connected by bolts 12 (Fig. 2).
In a case 7 (Fig. 1) power cylinder 5 with the possibility reciprocating movements installed piston 13 with the rod 14 (Fig. 1), on the left end of which is installed doggy 15.
Piston 16 (Fig. 1) installed with the possibility of reciprocating movements in power 6 cylinder (Fig. 2) and four rods 17 rigidly linked with the left-hand piston 13 (Fig. 1)placed in power cylinder 5 (Fig. 2). Piston 16 has stock 18, rigidly linked with the thrust 19 using the rocker 20 (Fig. 1). Pull 19 installed in the guide 21 (1) with reciprocating motion. The deadlift 19 installed dog 22 (Fig. 1).
Inlet port 23 is pressed into the body of the valve 6. Vozdukhoplavanie channels 24 and 25 in the spool 10 and the two holes on 26 and 27 on the side of the chassis slide 8 when the extreme right or the extreme left of the provisions of the pistons 13 and 16 (Fig. 1) respectively are designed to allow the discharge of exhaust air to the atmosphere.
For easy operation of the wrench to the housing 1 attached handles 28 and 29, hook (the eye bolt) 30 screwed to the housing 1 and is intended for suspension of the device in the workplace collector.
Wrench works as follows.
Thus, the rotation of ratchet wheel continues regardless of the direction of motion of the pistons. With the continuous supply of air, the unit operates in automatic mode.
List of literature
1. Patent DE №3637605, IPC VR 19/06, 1987.
2. Speakers of the USSR №1609635 "Wrench" from 30.11.1990,
3. Speaker of the Russian Federation №2225288 "Wrench hydraulic" from 10.03.2004,
4. EN A "Piston wrench" from 27.12.2011.
1. Pneumatic impact wrench with ratchet wheel containing the actuator, consisting of two power cylinders pressed into them liners, valve body with sleeve with two sestihranne locking discs, and dogs, while in the cylinders with the possibility of reciprocating motion installed pistons associated with dogs by means of tie-rods, wherein the ratchet has two gear profile and placed with the possibility of rotation around its axis in coaxial holes of the sleeves, pressed into the housing and the cover, pneumatic pistons are hard linked rods, and both dogs mechanically linked with two gear profiles ratchet wheel.
2. Wrench according to claim 1, wherein the dogs mechanically connected with the timing profiles by gearing, with ratchet kinematically connected through one of the dogs with the left piston, and through the second dog and a lever system - with the right piston.