Method of treating hip dislocation in small laboratory animals. RU patent 2510249.

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, veterinary science, orthopaedics, namely to methods of treating a hip dislocation in small laboratory animals by means of subcutaneous fixators. An open reposition of the hip dislocation is followed by a perforation of a femoral bone, femoral neck and head and an iliac bone along a medial line at an angle to a distal line of the femoral bone with using a guide drill. A triangular-pointed stylette is removed from a guide drill sleeve and replaced by a doubled primary suture to be brought out from the femoral bone, femoral neck and head, and the iliac bone from the medial line of the iliac bone. Another intermediate suture is threaded into a loop formed thereby. The guide drill sleeve is removed from the drilled canal thereby spinning the primary and intermediate sutures. A fixing suture is inserted into a loop of the intermediate suture and drawn through a bone canal; thereafter, nylon monofibre and an orthopaedic pin are inserted into the loop from the medial surface of the iliac bone. A primary loop is drawn from the bone canal, pressed to the iliac bone so that an upper portion of the pin or monofibre extends into a greater trochanter. On the side of the femoral bone, the suture is knotted three times with the orthopaedic pin pre-inserted between the knot and bone, with the loop or double suture with the ends brought out under the skin within the grater trochanter. Then 10-14 days later, the skin within the greater trochanter is incised, and the rest is pulled out on the side of the iliac bone; then the double monofibre that retracts the suture fastened on its end, is removed with demounting the structure supporting the joint.

EFFECT: method enables eliminating the defects of the proximal hip and cotyloid cavity, recovering the spatial relationships in the hip joint by improving the methods for fixation accompanying the hip dislocation.

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The invention relates to medicine, veterinary medicine, orthopedics, namely to the treatment of hip dislocation in small animals by means of subcutaneous commit.

Known method of treatment of fractures of the hip joint in small animals by General anesthesia, setting joint and temporary fix to set the hip through the introduction of a metal l-shaped pin through the head of joint in thickness pelvic bone through an incision in the skin of the animal. As of pin use a pointed metal needle deflected the outer end of which after the introduction sew under the skin of the animal. Pin stand under the skin of the animal 14-15 days, after which it is removed. As a pin can be used flattened kononyhina surgical needle triangular profile (EN, the application for the invention №99121241/13, IPC AV 17/74, AV 17/78, AV 19/00, A61D 1/00, publ. 27.02.2000 year).

This method is not stable captures the hip joint with a possible bend the locking pins or needles.

Also known method of treatment of damages of the hip joint in small animals, including stable fixation and reposition structures of the hip joint and/or its slices using compression-distraction device in combination with courses of drug therapy (EN, the application for the invention №2008102256/13, IPC A61D 99/00, publ. 27.07.2009 year).

The disadvantages of this method include the inconvenience of using such a cumbersome structure to the need for care system, the animals are trying to break free.

The closest solution is the way operative surgery commit the femoral head and acetabulum with threads (of non-absorbable material), carried out through the roof of the acetabulum and the holes drilled in the base of the neck of the femur. For this two threads hold back, and two - in the form of eight. The ends of strings tied with a slight lead and turn thigh, then the wound closed (Horst SABIC, Wilhelm Brass. Operative surgery of dogs and cats. The second revised edition. - M: Aquarium, 2001, s-428) prototype.

This method allows for the fixation of the femoral head, but this design is difficult to remove (requires optional operation) and not reliable.

The present invention is to improve the known methods of fixation at the dislocation of the femur small animals.

The technical result that will be achieved from the use of this invention is to eliminate defects of the proximal femur and the acetabulum and the restoration of the spatial relationships in the hip joint.

The technical result is achieved that way treatment of dislocation of the femur in small animals is carried out by way of fixation of the femur in the acetabulum using threads, perforation of the neck of the femur and the acetabulum Ilium, closing the wounds of skin seam, the subsequent conduct of drug therapy. Moreover, besides the perforation of the neck of the femur and the acetabulum Ilium perforabout also thigh and her head. In addition, the perforation is done according to the medial line at an angle to the distal line thigh with the help of a drill guide. From drill-Explorer-remove stiletto and insert instead of the primary thread, folded twice, formed a loop which then with the medial side of the Ilium fill another, intermediate, the thread. Then drilled from channel remove the socket drill-conductor, pulling the primary and intermediate filaments. Then in the loop intermediate filaments insert the locking thread and stretch it through the bone channel, then it looped from the medial surface of the Ilium insert the nylon monofilament or orthopedic (metal) spoke as the stop. Then pull the basic the loop from the bone channel, press it to the Ilium, so that the upper part of spokes or monofilament was in the region of the greater trochanter, then from the side of the femur tied the thread on three nodes with pre-inserted between the node and bone metal pin, with loop or double strand (monofilament), the ends of which derive under the skin in the area of the greater trochanter. 10-14 days cut the skin in the area of greater trochanter and pull resistant thread or orthopedic spoke on the part of the Ilium, then take out the double monofilament fiber that pulls fixed on the end of the thread, deleting all of fixing the joint construction.

Summary of the invention is a reliable fixation of the femoral head and acetabulum using yarn (nylon Monopolka)Yu perforated with special drill-Explorer medial line thighs, neck, femoral and iliac bones with original design the drill guide.

This technique allows to reliably fix the head of the femur fits into the socket at the same time excludes due to the elasticity of monofilament locking thread compression on the cartilage of the joint, excluding the subsequent development of osteoarthritis. For prevention of these complications drill conductor passes through the place of fixation of the round ligament as the head of the femur and the acetabulum. The drill is made of stainless steel with a diameter of constituting 1:8 on the diameter of the femoral head. Thanks stiletto tailored triangle, when drilling Explorer pushes bone and cartilage tissue eliminating pollution wound surface of bone chips that appears when drilling the usual drill.

During a forced commit within 10-14 days is formed inflammatory capsule, and then the joint capsule, quite firmly defines the position of the femoral head and acetabulum.

From the analysis of scientific-technical and patent literature inventive combination of methods of treatment dislocation of the femur, which ensures reliable fixation of the femoral head and acetabulum to help eliminate the defects of the proximal femur and the acetabulum and restore spatial relationships in the hip joint, the us is not revealed, that allows to make a conclusion on the compliance of the proposed technical solution to the criteria of "novelty" and "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by the following images where:

figure 1 shows the drill-conductor,

figure 2 - stiletto drill-conductor,

figure 3 - to commit the head of the femur, stage 1;

figure 4 - same stage 2;

figure 5 - the same, stage 3;

figure 6 - the same, stage 4;

figure 7 - the same, stage 5;

on Fig - same stage 6;

figure 9 - same stage 7;

figure 10 - same step 8.

The drill-the conductor consists of socket 1, with slots 2, 3 stiletto with triangular tip 4 and opposite end of 5 with 2-way sections 5A (see figure 2).

The invention is as follows.

After reposition the open way dislocation of the femur 6 in the acetabulum 9 (3, 4) bore through triangular tip 4 3 stiletto drill guide (inserted in the socket 1 and securely opposite end of 5 (5A) in slots 2) on a medial line thigh 6, neck 7 and 8 cylinder hips, Ilium 10 (Figure 5). Remove cartridge 1 drill-Explorer stiletto 3 with triangular tip 4 and insert it into the cartridge 1 instead nylon monofilament (primary thread) 11, rolled twice, and make it through the femoral bone 6, neck 7 and 8 cylinder hips and Ilium 9 from the medial side of the Ilium 10. In the fed so the loop of thread 11 is charged another intermediate filament 12 (6). Then the drill-conductor removed from the drilled in the bone channel, pulling the channel intermediate filament 12. Primary thread 11 is removed, and instead of it in the intermediate loop yarn 12 seasoned main thread 13 to commit joint (Fig.7) and pull it from the medial surface of the Ilium 10. In the loop the main thread 13 from the medial surface of the Ilium 10 insert the emphasis in 14 the form of nylon fiber or orthopedic metal needles (Fig), then pull the main thread 13 from the bone channel, pressing stop 14 to the medial surface of the Ilium so that the upper part of the emphasis 14 (fiber or spokes) went into the region of the greater trochanter (Fig.9). On the part of the femur 6 (Fig.9) tied the thread on 13 three nodes, previously inserted between the node and bone 6 metal pin, with loop 15 (or double nylon monofilament) with the withdrawal of all under the skin in the area of greater trochanter (not shown). The wound closed cutaneous stitch. 10-14 days the skin of the big spit make an incision and pull the emphasis 14 from Ilium 9. Then take out from the side of the femur 6 needle 14, thus removing all of fixing the joint design (Figure 10). If necessary on a place of a skin incision impose a seam.

Medical therapy after surgery include: antibiotics course of 6 days (amoxicillin is known to be in a dose of 15 mg/kg once in two days, 3 injections). After the normalization of the overall body temperature intramuscularly injected solution aktovegin in a dose of 1 ml (40 mg) once a day for 14 days, and Hondartron - intramuscularly in a dose of 0.07 ml/kg of 1 time per day during 10 days. Processing of a seam is carried terramycin once a day for 14 days.

Thus, the proposed technical solution allows compared to prototype more stable to fix the femoral head in the acetabulum. Combining the attachment of the round ligament, a more correct anatomical position of the bones of the joint, which provides for prevention of possible joint arthrosis. In addition, the use of elastic material - monofilament allows some abstraction of the femur not only outside, but inside, while the prototype - the movement of the femur can only be outside.

The method of treatment of a dislocation of the femur in small animals, including the fixation of the femur in the acetabulum using threads, perforation of the neck of the femur and the acetabulum Ilium, closing the wounds of skin seam, the subsequent conduct of the drug therapy, wherein the perforation of the femur, the neck and the femoral and iliac bone carried out on a medial line at an angle to the distal line femur using drill-conductor, remove from the drill-Explorer stiletto and inserting instead primary thread, folded twice, formed a loop which then with the medial side of the Ilium refuel other intermediate thread, drilled channel remove the socket drill-conductor, pulling the primary and intermediate filaments, in the loop intermediate filaments insert the locking thread and stretch it through the bone channel, then it looped from the medial surface of the Ilium insert the nylon monofilament or orthopedic spoke as it stops, then pull the main loop of the bone channel, press it to the iliac bone so that the upper part of spokes or monofilament was in the region of the greater trochanter, then from the side of the femur tied the thread on three nodes with pre-inserted between the node and bone orthopedic spoke with a loop or double thread, the ends of which derive under the skin in the area of the greater trochanter, 10-14 days cut the skin in the area of greater trochanter and pull out the stops on the part of the Ilium, then take out the double monofilament fiber that pulls fixed on the end of the thread, deleting all of fixing the joint construction.