Method for determining operating parameters at quasi-linear law of their change in band-and-shoe brakes of boring winches. RU patent 2507423.
 Method of electrodynamic definition of operating parameters of metal-polymer friction pairs of drilling winch belt-shoe brakes / 2502900Thermal-contact interaction of working surfaces between brake pulleys and friction lining generates electric currents governed by sine law of flat electromagnetic wave variation at glow and spark discharge modes. Operating parameters of friction pairs vary in time with different amplitudes described for specific loads by period π, period of dynamic friction factor 2-π, period of surface temperature at heating and forced cooling π/2, as well as solitons, i.e. pulses with different wavelengths of period π in contact gap of friction pairs, wear of pulley rim working surface and that of friction lining π. |
 Stabilisation method of operating parameters of band-shoe brakes of drilling winches with fixed straps on brake band / 2489619Depending on geometrical parameters of straps and angle of contact of a brake band of a pulley working surface in friction assemblies there determined are ratios of coefficients of mutual overlapping, which is equal to ratio of specific loads occurring on straps of branches. Then, as per values of ratio of specific loads there determined is how many straps there shall be on an incident branch of the band in comparison to a diminishing branch. |
 Multi-stage belt-drum brake with pairs of sliding and rolling friction / 2467219Invention refers to machine-building industry and can be used in belt-drum brakes of drill winches. Multi-stage belt-drum brake includes brake pulley, friction elements of various shape, as well as mechanical and pneumatic actuators. Cylindrical friction elements are installed in through sector slots of pulley flanges with partitions along the pulley's perimetre. Cylindrical friction elements interact with each other and are made in the form of cylindrical rollers with external friction bushings rigidly attached to metallic bushings with slots. Axes are put on plate washers into annular slits with projections made in the flanges. Maximum deformation of plate washer shall be equal to allowable wear friction element material. |
 Ribbon-shoe brake / 2460911Proposed brake comprises brake pulley and rake ribbon with friction linings arranged on leading and training flights at variable pitch, drive of said linings and brake mechanical drive. Friction linings are jointed together by different-rigidity cable passed through ribbon holes. Said cables allows independent displacement of friction linings on ribbon runs. Brake band runs are provided with recesses to receive bushes with solid bulges on their ends for cables to run there over and pressed from above by lugs. Leading run cable makes a closed circuit. Leading edge cable lengths are fitted inside fixed bushes arranged at start and end of leading band. Band trailing end cable represents incomplete circuit with independent ends. |
 Cooled belt-type drum brake / 2446327Cooling assemblies are made up of hollow cylindrical ring filled with heat carrier. Said hollow cylindrical ring is arranged between half-pulleys of brake pulley. Said hollow cylindrical ring represents a thermal tube with its cylindrical surface making evaporation zone in constant contact with working surfaces of friction elements. Ring lateral surface stay in contact with face surfaces of half-pulley band. Ring condensation zone is made up of surface extending above inner surface of said bands or arranged flush therewith. |
 Device and method of balance of specific loads in two-step belt-shoe brake / 2432511Device consists of brake pulley with ribs, of brake shoes with external and internal friction linings located on brake pulley, of brake belt and of mechanical drive. Cross slots of various lengthwise section are made along whole perimetre of working surface of the brake pulley. Friction elements are pressed into the slots. Ribs of L-shape are secured to the brake pulley on ends through magnet insulated padding. The ribs have tapered flanges forming a cavity along perimetre of the pulley in form of a dovetail. Brake shoes with bases transformed into arc-shape plates are installed into the cavity. Internal and external friction linings are arranged on surfaces of the plates. The method consists in the following: before operation of the brake there is determined ratio of coefficients of mutual overlap equal to ratio of specific loads on entering and leaving branches of the brake belt; while the second ratio of coefficients is equal to ratio of specific loads realised on entering and leaving surfaces of the brake pulley, resulted in transfer of the brake shoes under branches of the brake belt in process of operation of friction pairs. Transfer of brake shoes causes re-distribution of specific loads in friction pairs. |
 Belt-shoe brake with sectional friction lining on brake belt / 2432510Belt-shoe brake with sectional friction straps on brake belt consists of brake pulley and brake belt with sections arranged on it with friction lining and also of mechanical drive of brake control. Friction linings are interconnected with cables facilitating their transfer in sections. Matching radial orifices are made on ends of the brake belt and in friction linings. The orifices in a body of linings transit into mutually perpendicular orifices of length of one third of their width and are arranged at height of allowable wear of working surfaces of linings. Also, cables are let through the system of orifices and envelope blocks set on external surface of the brake belt. Ends of the cable are brought into a belt keeper plate from the side of an entering section of the belt. From the side of a leaving section of the belt the cable envelops side surface of the last friction lining of the section. |
 Belt-shoe brake with fixed and moving friction linings on brake belt / 2432509Belt-shoe brake with fixed and moving friction linings on brake belt consists of brake pulley on shaft and brake belt with separate fixed linings arranged on it at beginning of entering and at end of leaving branches of belt and at its middle, and also of mechanical drive of brake control. Moving linings are installed between fixed linings. Cylinder friction elements are set on screws between side double walls of a sleeve jacket. Fastening plates of friction linings are inserted into slots of these walls. Contact lines of cylinder friction elements interact simultaneously with internal surface of the sleeve jacket and external surface of the brake belt. The friction elements roll along external surface of the brake belt simultaneously with transfer of bases of side double walls of the sleeve jacket of the friction linings relative to lengthwise slots of the belt. The lengthwise slots are less by length on entering branches of the belt and bigger - on leaving branches of the belt thus facilitating braking of fixed alternate step between moving friction linings positioned between working surfaces of metal friction elements. |
 Belt-shoe and inductor brake / 2414634Belt-shoe and inductor brake consists of lifting shaft. A hoist drum with brake pulleys is mounted on the lifting shaft. Brake shoes with friction straps are arranged on the brake pulleys. Further, the brake consists of inductor with teeth of different poles, of a stator with an exciting coil and cooling system, of brake belts and of mechanical and electrical drives. Two rows of lugs in form of a dovetail are made on external and internal surfaces of a cylinder flexible ring from the side of its edges; with their arcs the internal lugs enter slots located on external surface of the brake pulley. Recesses of the friction straps coated with sheet metal are put on arcs of external lugs. Dynamic coefficient of sliding friction in a friction pair "external surface of flexible ring - non working surfaces of friction straps" is higher, than in a friction pair "internal surface of brake belt - external surfaces of friction straps". |
 Combined belt-shoe and inductor brake / 2414633Combined brake consists of lifting shaft and of inductor. A drum of a hoist with brake pulleys brake belts with friction straps are mounted on the lifting shaft. The inductor has teeth with different poles, a stator with an exciting coil and cooling system, and also mechanical and electrical drives. The rotor of the inductor brake corresponds to a pulley, the projection of which is magnet-insulated by means of padding from a flange of the drum. Rectangular teeth are arranged on internal surface of the pulley along ends of its perimetre with a gap between rows. The rows of the teeth function as poles of different polarity. The stator of the inductor brake is made as a square coil of excitation is cross section. It is positioned in the gap between the rows of the teeth and below ends of their heads. Also, axis of the coil is perpendicular to axis of rotor rotation. The coil is encased into a cooling jacket mounted on a stationary cylinder circular lug of the flange resting on a setting foot. |
 Belt-block brake with movable self-adjusting friction linings / 2256109Brake comprises braking pulley provided with spring-loaded friction linings and braking belt. The friction linings are fit on the rigid metallic members that pass through the middle of the lining thickness for permitting movement. The linings each π/4 are secured to the rigid metallic members. In each sector, the friction linings are interconnected via springs of different rigidity. |
 Belt-block brake / 2263832Belt-block brake comprises braking pulley and braking belt provided with movable friction linings, individual unmovable friction linings in the beginning of the running-in belt of the braking belt, at the middle of the braking belt, and at the end of the running-off braking belt. The movable friction linings are interposed between the unmovable friction linings, provided with transverse cuts in their top sections, and set in the L-shaped grooves made in the braking belt. The movable friction linings can move with respect to the inner side of the braking belt and working surface of the pulley. The branches of the belt have different number of movable friction linings interconnected through springs of different rigidity. |
 Double-stage belt-block brake with three-layered rubber-rope ring / 2270942Brake comprises braking pulley, braking belt, tree-layered rubber-rope ring with friction linings made on the working surface of the pulley, and drive. The friction linings are composed of two members that are in a longitudinal contact with each other. The friction linings are mounted on the rubber-rope ring whose central part is provided with the longitudinal ropes over periphery. The outer and inner cylindrical surfaces of the three-layered rubber-rope ring are provided with the dovetailed projections. The transverse ropes are molded in the bases of the dovetailed projections. The projections are provided with the friction linings whose inner working surfaces are fit with interference on the working surface of the braking pulley from the side of its detachable flange due to the flexibility of the three-layered rubber-rope ring. |
 Belt-block brake / 2295067Belt-block brake comprises braking pulley, braking belt, friction members, and mechanical and air-operated drives. The ports receiving the friction members are arranged over periphery of the cylindrical surface of the braking pulley. The radii of curvature of the friction members correspond to these of the mating surfaces. The greater base projects out of the pulley surface. The smaller base is provided with the thick-walled convex metallic plate whose projection locks the friction member in the pulley port. The inner side of the air chamber is mounted on the unmovable cylindrical ring projection of the flange that bears on the setting lag. |
 Brake / 2295068Brake comprises braking belt, mechanical drive, and braking pulley whose one flange is detachable and has hollow that receives central and two side sections with friction linings. The central section bears on the wavy spring. The side and central sections are in a contact with the double-sided wedge-shaped blocks for permitting radial movement of the section due to interaction of their sides with the wave springs. The periphery of the hollow is separated into sectors. Each of the sector receives the central section and two side sections spring-loaded by means of wavy springs of different rigidity. The spring that underlies the central section is magnetized. The inner conical surfaces of the flanges and surfaces of the sections that are in a contact with them are provided with radial hollows that receive the locking balls. |
 Belt-block brake / 2299368Belt-block brake comprises braking pulley, drive, and braking belt provided with friction linings separated by spacer planks. The lining are secured to the belt by means of nibs. The braking belt is free from spacer planks between the linings arranged to the right and to the left of the interface between the running in and running off branches by the value equal to two or three linings. The friction linings are provided with chamferings from the side of rotation of the braking pulley, i.e. from the side of running in parts of the braking belt and friction linings. |
 Band brake / 2323375Invention relates to brakes of transmissions of transport and traction self-propelled crawler and wheeled vehicles and power drives of load-lifting machines and mechanisms. Proposed band brake contains cylindrical brake drum and floating brake band concentrically enclosing the drum, band tensioner and two stops for ends of brake band. To select braking with servoaction or without servoaction at any two possible directions of rotation of brake drum, each stop is made with possibility of forced shifting to other stop by means of brake band tensioner. |
 Two-stage band-and-shoe brake with thermal electric cooling / 2352832Invention refers to engineering industry, and can be used in band-and-shoe brakes of drill winches. Two-stage band-and-shoe brake consists of brake pulley whereon there located are generators and stabilisation device; brake band and elastic brake band-ring that is attached to the pulley edges on both sides; main and auxiliary friction pads, and cooling points and a drive. Band-ring is made from rubber reinforced with ropes. Pulley edges have ventilation holes at the bottom. There is "П"-shaped cavity along the perimeter of brake pulley; main and auxiliary friction pads are located in that cavity. Main and auxiliary friction pads are attached to inner and outer surface of brake band-ring. Cooling points are made in the form of thermobatteries consisting of plate-like thermocouples and cylindrical pins that comprise thermal elements with electronic conductivity and hole-type conductivity, which are installed in the body of auxiliary and main pads comprising the first and the second circuits. Non-working surfaces of thermal elements of batteries are connected to each other by means of heat-conductive plates-connecting straps. |
 Cooled two-stage band-and-shoe brake / 2352833Invention refers to engineering industry, and can be used in band-and-shoe brakes of drill winches. Brake consists of brake pulley, friction elements, brake bands, toroidal rubber pneumatic chamber and cooling points, and mechanical and pneumatic drives. Cooling points are made in the form of tubes having the thread on outer surface and inner surface for 1/4 of its length, and filled with heat-absorbing filler, and tightly closed with a cover with a longitudinal slot. Tubes are combined into friction elements - main and auxiliary pads located on outer surface and inner surface of brake pulley. In auxiliary pads, the tube end is located at the level of allowable wear thickness of their working surfaces, and from above, the tube is taken out flush with working surfaces of the main pads. |
 Method for control of specific loads in strands of brake belt of belt-block brake of draw works / 2357130Invention is related to the field of machine building and may be used in belt-block brakes of draw works. Method for control of specific loads consists in the fact that depending on diametre of brake wheel and wrapping angle of its working surface in specified friction units, ratio is defined between coefficients of mutual overlapping. Coefficients of mutual overlapping are characterised with areas of working surfaces overlapping in tight and slack strands of brake wheel working surface belt. Ratio of mutual overlapping coefficients is equal to ratio of specific loads developed in strand pads. Value of specific loads ratio is used to decide how many more pads should be there on tight strand of belt compared to the slack one. In order to determine permanent pitch between friction pads, on every strand of belt in its ends pad is installed, and in its middle part - pad, halves of which are related to the end of tight strand and beginning of belt slack strand. Afterwards equal wrapping arcs of strands are determined. Length of tight and slack strands pads are distracted from common length of wrapping arc and divided into number of gaps between strands. |
FIELD: machine building.
SUBSTANCE: at quasi-linear law of change of rotation frequency of a brake pulley from the steady-state value to zero at startup of a loaded elevator the operating parameters of a band-and-shoe brake, which are included in the first group, are determined in the following sequence: the brake pulley rotation mode is evaluated; then, braking time, tension of a tight strand of a brake band, maximum and minimum specific loads in friction pairs, a brake moment developed by friction assemblies are determined; besides, brake moment reserve coefficient, power consumption of friction assemblies, forces applied by a drill man to a brake control lever, and efficiency coefficient of the brake are determined. Then, subsequent determination of operating parameters included in the second, the third and the fourth groups relative to a band-and-shoe brake of the boring winch takes place.
EFFECT: possible determination of operating parameters at quasi-linear law of their change in band-and-shoe brakes with interconnected power, thermal and wear-friction properties of their friction pairs and limiting allowable restrictions of speed, dynamic and thermal modes, which provide serviceable state of a boring winch brake system.
4 cl, 34 dwg
The invention relates to the mechanical engineering and may be used in the band Shoe brakes drilling winches.
Known method for determining performance parameters of the serial band Shoe brakes drilling winches, in which the friction lining attached to the brake tape. For any operational parameters are: the tension of the accumulating branches brake belt; the maximum and minimum stresses arising in friction pairs; brake torque delivered by the friction pairs; the energy intensity of friction pairs; the total deformation of the elements of the brake system; efforts applied to the lever of the brake; the duration of a braking cycle, and others [1, 2, analogue]. However, these methods determine the operating parameters are not subject to the linear law of change of frequency of rotation of brake pulley from the steady-state value to zero.
There is a method of heating, natural and forced cooling of brake pulleys of belt Shoe brakes drilling winches to determine the amount of heat that is generated is accumulated and dissipated into the environment from matte and polished surfaces of brake pulleys [2, prototype]. However, the data in ways not listed laws, according to which accumulates warmth in the body of the brake pulley and is scattered from the surface.
Objective of the invention is development of a method to determine the operating parameters when the quasilinear regularities of their change in the band Shoe brakes with interconnected power, heat and wear-frictional properties of their friction pairs and the limiting permissible limitations of high-speed, dynamic and thermal regimes, ensuring a healthy state of the brake system drawworks.
Compared with analogue and prototype suggested ways of defining operating parameters when the quasilinear regularities of their change in the band Shoe brakes drilling winches have the following advantages:
- allows to consistently move from the first to the fourth group of operational parameters of the band Shoe brakes, taking into account their pairs friction, the friction and design features in a number of limitations;
- presence of restrictions concerning not only the power and thermal loading in the friction brakes, but I of limitations with respect to the whole brake system;
- allows to establish the relationship between the operating parameters of the band plate brake who appreciate high-speed, dynamic and thermal regimes as the main elements of an entire brake system;
- allows to trace the influence of the previous operational parameter to follow, especially wear-frictional properties of friction pairs brakes.
This goal is achieved by the fact that the band brake when law of change of frequency of rotation of brake pulley from the steady-state value to zero during the descent loaded Elevator definition of operational parameters, summarized in the first group in relation to the band brake drawworks performed in the following sequence: evaluation mode rotation brake pulley; define: Decel time; tension incident branches brake belt; minimum and maximum stresses in friction pairs; brake torque delivered by the friction nodes; factor of brake torque; the energy intensity of the friction; efforts applied to the lever of the brake; efficiency of the brake. Definition of operational parameters, flattened in the second group with respect to the band brake drawworks performed in the following sequence: a safety factor for the cross-section brake belt; deformation brake belt at the location of the arch of her girth of friction plates with variable and constant pitch; radial deformation of the friction lining; assess the overall deformation of the brake system.
Definition of operational parameters, summarized in a third group in relation to the band brake drawworks performed in the following sequence: heat, temperature and their distribution over the thickness of the rim of a pulley at the quasilinear regularities of changes of unit loads in friction nodes brakes; intensity of heat from the surface of the brake pulley; factor of heat flows between the elements of brake pulley and friction. When quasilinear laws of change of frequency of rotation of brake pulley from the steady-state value to zero; deformations brake belt and quantity of the generated, accruing and dissipation of heat from the friction when descending the Elevator pattern wear of the working surfaces of friction linings (fourth group) is likened to changes in patterns of unit loads in friction pairs brakes and the prevailing impact on the amount of wear linings has a thermal condition of the friction brake.