Method of finding faulty units in discrete dynamic system. RU patent 2506622.
 System of automatic operability control and fault diagnostics of electronics / 2504828System comprises a unit being controlled which consists of a controlled unit identifier, a set of software-controlled sources of input test signals, a set of response signal parameters' meters, a computer, a replaceable adapter including an adapter identifier; the identifier inputs are connected to the outputs of supplementary test channels at software-controlled sources of input test signals, and the identifier outputs are connected to the inputs of the supplementary channels of the response signal parameters' meters. |
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 Method for automatic performance monitoring and diagnosing faults in communication electronic equipment / 2488872Method is based on applying systems for automatic monitoring of performance and diagnosing faults in communication electronic equipment. Before the beginning of inspection, combinations of polling signals are respectively transmitted to inputs of the removable adapter identifier and the control object identifier, installed on the removable adapter and the control object; identification signals are measured and used to generate identification codes; the generated identification codes are transmitted to a computer; the connected control object is identified; the obtained identification code (with the removable adapter identifier) is compared with the code of the type of the removable adapter to be used in monitoring said type of control object; the computer generates a message on authenticity of the used adapter and its fitness to conduct the monitoring and diagnosis process. |
 Apparatus for detecting faults in standby system / 2487389Invention involves generating signals signalling faults in components of standby radio automation systems and automatic aircraft control systems. The apparatus has an working element, three subtractors, two comparing elements, four threshold devices, two NOT elements, two AND logic elements, an OR logic element and a fault display device. The inputs of the first threshold device and the second threshold device are connected to outputs of the working element. The outputs of the first subtractor are connected to the series-connected third threshold device, first AND logic element, OR element and fault display device. The outputs of the second subtractor are connected to the series-connected fourth threshold device, second AND logic element, OR element and fault display device. The outputs of the first threshold device are connected to the third subtractor and the second input of the fault display device. The outputs of the second threshold device are connected to the second input of the third subtractor and the first NOT element. The first NOT element is connected to the third input of the fault display device. The input of the second NOT element is connected to the output of the third subtractor. The output of the second NOT element is connected to second inputs of the first and second AND logic elements. |
 Method to search for faulty block in discrete dynamic system / 2486570Previously a reaction of a knowingly good system is registered for discrete beats of diagnostics with discrete permanent pitch in the observation interval at reference points, and integral estimates of output signals of the discrete system are determined. For this purpose at the moment of test signal supply to the inlet of the discrete system with rated characteristics, simultaneously discrete integration of control system signals is started with the pitch in seconds in each of the reference points with discrete weights, by supplying of control system signals to the first inlets of the multiplication blocks. A discrete exponential signal is supplied to the second inputs of the multiplication blocks with the pitch in seconds, output signals of the multiplication blocks are supplied to the inputs of the discrete integration blocks with the pitch in seconds, discrete integration is completed at the moment of time. Estimates of output signals produced as a result of integration are registered. The number of the system blocks is fixed, elements of topological links of each block within the discrete system for each reference point are determined, elements are determined from many values {-1,0,1}, the value - 1 is defined, if the sign of signal transfer from the output of the i block to the j reference point is negative. The value 0 is determined, if signal transfer from the output of the i block to the j reference point is not available, the value 1 is determined, if the sign of signal transfer from the output of the i block to the j reference point is positive. Then the rated values of the vector of topological links for each block are defined, the system with rated characteristics is replaced with the controlled one, an identical test signal is supplied to the system inlet. Integral estimates of signals of the controlled discrete system are determined for reference points for a parameter of discrete integral conversion, deviations of integral estimates of signals of the controlled discrete system are defined for reference points from rated values. Rated values are determined for deviations of integral estimates of signals of the controlled discrete system, diagnostic criteria are determined, by the minimum of the value of the diagnostic criterion a serial number of a defect block is determined. |
 Method to search for faulty block in discrete dynamic system / 2486569Previously a reaction of a knowingly good time-discrete system is registered for discrete beats of diagnostics with discrete permanent pitch in the observation interval at reference points, and integral estimates of output signals of the discrete system are determined repeatedly (simultaneously) for the values of the discrete integration parameter. For this purpose at the moment of test signal supply to the inlet of the discrete system with rated characteristics, simultaneously discrete integration of control system signals is started with the pitch in seconds for integration parameters in each of the reference points with weights with the pitch in seconds, by supplying of control system signals to the first inlets of the multiplication blocks. Discrete exponential signals are supplied to the second inputs of the multiplication blocks with the pitch in seconds for discrete integration blocks, output signals of the multiplication blocks are supplied to the inputs of the discrete integration blocks with the pitch in seconds. Integration is stopped at the moment of time, estimates of output signals produced as a result of discrete integration are registered. The number of considered single defects of blocks is fixed, integral estimates of model signals are determined for each of the reference points and parameters of discrete integration, produced as a result of test deviations of parameters of each block. For this purpose in turns for each block of the discrete dynamic system they introduce test deviation of the parameter of its discrete transfer function, and integral estimates of output signals of the system are found for parameters of discrete integral conversions and the test signal. Estimates of output signals produced as a result of discrete integration for each of the reference points, every test deviation and every parameter of discrete integration are registered. Deviations of integral estimates of discrete model signals are determined, being produced as a result of test deviations of parameters of appropriate structural blocks, the rated values of deviations of integral estimates of discrete model signals are determined, being produced as a result of test deviations of parameters of appropriate blocks for parameters of discrete integration. The system with rated characteristics is replaced with a controlled one, an identical test signal is supplied to the inlet of the system, integral estimates are determined for signals of the controlled discrete system for reference points and for parameters of the discrete integration. Deviations of integral estimates of controlled discrete system signals are determined for reference points and parameters of discrete integration from rated values. Rated values of deviations of integral estimates of controlled discrete system signals are determined for parameters of discrete integration, diagnostic criteria are determined with parameters of discrete integration, by the minimum value of the diagnostic criterion, a faulty block is determined. |
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 Automated control and diagnostic complex (variants) / 2257604First variant of complex includes control computer, mating block, commutator, local data exchange main, tests forming block, logical analyzer, signature analyzer, synchronization block, digital oscillographs block, special form signals programmed generators block, programmed power-sources block. Second variant of complex additionally includes block for forming high-frequency test signals and block for measuring high-frequency signals. |
 Digital identifier of accumulators charge parameters / 2258952Device has first and second analog-digital converters, first and second coefficients forming blocks, first and second multiplication blocks, counter, first and second integrator, control effect forming device, division block, buffer and registering block, while coefficients forming blocks are made in form of digital filters and all remaining blocks of device are made digital. |
 Device for controlling analog objects / 2262128Device has block for forming control and stimulation signals, block for forming standard signals, multiplication blocks, frequency transformer, phase rotator, commutator, frequencies grid generator, integrators, blocks for square involution, adder, normalization block, key, analog-digital converter, comparison circuits, memory blocks, registers, information output block, interval estimation block (for setting lower and upper limits of trust range for each measured value of mutual difference coefficient of distorted and standard signals) and block for analysis of number of support values of mutual difference coefficient (to exclude from further processing results of measurements, for which within limits of trust interval number of support values of coefficient exceeds allowed limit). |
 Method for diagnosing equipment / 2265236Method includes, for each set of input test signals, forming of prior matching response signals for intermediate points of controlled device. Received response signals at outputs of product are compared to parameters of standard response signals and level of their match is determined, in case of mismatches broken branch of functional circuit is determined and diagnostics is repeated by substituting all formed combinations of input signals, after that diagnostics of erratic portions is started. |
FIELD: physics; control.
SUBSTANCE: field of application can be monitoring and diagnosis of automatic control systems and components thereof. The reaction of an operable time-discrete system is recorded for discrete diagnosis cycles with a discrete constant step on an observation interval at control points, and integral estimates of output signals of the discrete system are determined, for which at the moment of transmitting a test or operating signal to the input of the discrete system with nominal characteristics, discrete integration of signals of the control system is simultaneously started with a step at each control point with a weight function equal to the arithmetic average value of moduli of derivatives of its signals at the control points, where averaging is carried out based on the number of control points. To this end, system signals are transmitted to first inputs of multiplier units, the average arithmetic value of moduli of time derivatives of signals are transmitted to the second inputs of the multiplier units, output signals of the multiplier units are transmitted to the inputs of the units for discrete integration with a step, discrete integration is completed at a moment in time, estimates of output signals resulting from integration are recorded, the number of considered single and multiple defects of units is determined, integral estimates of model signals for each control point obtained as a result of test deviations for single and multiple defects of units are determined, for which the test deviation of the parameter of the discrete transfer function is successively input into each unit or combination of units of the discrete dynamic system and integral estimates of output signals of systems with test deviations for the same test signal or operating signal are found, output signal estimates obtained as a result of discrete integration for each control point and each test deviation are recorded, deviations of integral estimates of signals of the discrete model obtained as a result of test deviations of parameters of different structural units or combinations of units are determined, standardised values of deviations of integral estimates of signals of the discrete model obtained as a result of test deviations for single or multiple defects are determined, an analogue test signal or operating signal is transmitted to the input of the controlled system at the beginning of control, integral estimates of signals of the controlled discrete system for control points are determined, the obtained values are recorded, the deviations of integral estimates of signals of the controlled discrete system for control points from nominal values are determined, the standardised values of deviations of integral estimates of signals of the controlled discrete system are determined, diagnostic features are determined, the serial number of the defective unit or combination of defective units is determined from the minimum value of the diagnostic feature.
EFFECT: broader functional capabilities of the method of finding one or multiple faulty units (multiple defects) at once in a discrete dynamic system with an arbitrary connection of units, as well as broader functional capabilities of the method by applying operating diagnosis (without using test input), and lower hardware costs on calculating the weight function.
The invention relates to the field of control and diagnostics of automatic control systems and their elements.
Known way to search for bad blocks in a dynamic system. (The patent for the invention №2453898 from 20.06.2012 the application №2010148468, MKI 6 G05B 23/02, 2011).
The disadvantage of this method is that it provides a definition of divisible defects only in continuous dynamic system and has a high computational costs associated with computation of the exponential function.
The closest technical solution (prototype) is a way to find the defective unit in a discrete dynamical system (Patent №2444774 from 10.03.2012 the application №2011101271/08(001575), MCI 6 G05B 23/02, 2011).
The disadvantage of this method is that it provides the definition of the only single defects in discrete dynamical system and involves the integration of special test signals using an exponential weighting function.
Technical task, the solution of which was given invention is to expand the functional capabilities of the method for finding one or several of faulty units (multiples of defects) in a discrete dynamical system with an arbitrary coupling blocks, and also to expand the functional capabilities of the method by applying a working diagnosis (without using test impact) and the reduction of hardware costs for the computation of the weight function.
The task is achieved by the fact that pre-register reaction known good discrete-time system
, j=1,...,k N discrete quanta diagnosis
a discrete-constant step Ts on the observation interval [0, T k ] (where T k =T s ·N) k checkpoints and define the integral estimates of the output signals
, j=1,...,k discrete system, which at the time of filing of the test or working signal to the input of a discrete system with nominal characteristics simultaneously begin discrete integration of signals of the system control with step Ts seconds in each of the k control points with weight function, equal to the arithmetic mean modules derivatives its signals in control the points where the averaging is performed by the number of control points. To do this, on the first entrances of blocks of multiplication of the signals of the system, on the second inputs blocks multiplication serves average modules derivatives on a time signals output signals k blocks of multiplication serves on inputs k blocks of the discrete integration with step Ts seconds, discrete integration is completed in time T , obtained as a result of integrated assessment output signals
, j=1,...,k register, register the number m of the considered single and multiple defects blocks, determine integral estimates of signals model for each of the k control points obtained in the result of the trial of deviations for m single and multiple defects blocks, for which alternately in each block or a combination of blocks of discrete dynamical systems impose a trial deviation discrete parameter transfer function and find integral estimates of the output signals from systems with a trial deviations when the same test or production signal x(t)obtained as a result of discrete integration assessment of the output signals for each of the k control points and each of the m pilot deviations
, j=1,...,k; i=1,...,m register, determine the deviations integrated assessments signals the discrete model obtained in the result of pilot deviations of parameters of different structural units, or a combination of units
, j=1,...,k; i=1,...,m, determine the normalized deviation values of integral estimates of signals discrete model obtained in the result of pilot deviations for single and multiple defects from relation
at the moment of the beginning of the control t=1 the entrance of the controlled system serves a similar test or production signal x(t), define the integral estimates of signals discrete controlled systems for control k points F j (d), j=1,...,k, the values obtained for the record, identify deviations integrated assessments signals discrete controlled systems for k checkpoint from the nominal values
, j=1,...,k, determine the normalized deviation values of integral estimates of signals controlled discrete system of ratios
determine the diagnostic signs of a correlation
,the minimum values of diagnostic character determine the serial number of the defective unit or a combination of bad blocks.
The essence of the proposed method consists in the following. The method is based on the use of pilot deviations of parameters of models of discrete dynamical system. To obtain diagnostic signs of dynamic elements are integral estimates on the time interval T k k checkpoints
,The weight function in formula (4) as the average value of modules derived signals in the control points carries information about the importance of time in terms of speed signal changes in all the test points. More than the average rate of change of the signal, the more weight integrates output signal.
Using the vector interpretation of expression (3), we can write it as follows:
,where f i (d) is the angle between the normalized vector (vector of unit length) deviations integrated assessments signals discrete object
and normalized vector of unit length) deviations integrated assessments signals the discrete model
obtained in the result of the trial deviation of the i-th parameter of the block or a combination of parameters of structural units.
Thus, standardized diagnostic attribute (3) represents the value of the square of the sine of the angle formed by the k-dimensional space, where k is the number of control points) normalized vectors integrated assessments trial deviations signals the discrete model and deviations integrated assessments signals discrete object diagnosis.
Trial deviation of the parameter of the block or a combination of parameters of structural units that minimizes the value of the diagnostic indicator (3), indicates the existence of a single or multiple of the defect. The range of possible values of diagnostic character lies in the interval [0, 1].
Thus, the proposed method to search for bad blocks consists of the following operations:
1. As discrete dynamical systems consider a system, for example with selectable interpolation of zero order with a sampling rate of Ts, consisting of randomly United dynamic blocks, the numbers of single or multiples defects blocks m.
2. Pre-determine the control time T To & GE T PP , where T PP - transition time discrete system. Transition time estimate for nominal values of the parameters of the dynamic system.
3. Record the number of control points k.
4. Simultaneously serves test signal x(t) (single step, linearly increasing, rectangular pulse etc. for entrance control systems with nominal characteristics, at the entrance of the controlled system, the inputs m models with nominal parameters, each of which introduced trial variation of the parameters of one or more blocks so that the i-th system introduced trial deviations in the i-th combination of blocks. Major restrictions on the type of input test the impact of the proposed method does not.
5. Simultaneously record the response of the system
, j=1,...,k in the interval
in discrete steps Ts seconds on the observation interval [0, T k ] (where T k =T s ·N) k checkpoints and define discrete integral estimates of the output signals
, j=1,...,k systems with nominal characteristics of the controlled system F j (d), j=1,...,k, models with a trial deviations in the i-th combination of blocks P ji (d), j=1,...,k; i=1,...,m (formula 4). For this purpose at the moment when the input signal is simultaneously begin discrete integration of signals of the system control with step Ts seconds in each of the k control points system with nominal characteristics of the controlled system, models with a trial deviations of the parameters of the blocks with the weight function, equal to the arithmetic mean modules derived signals in the control points, where the averaging is performed by the number of control points, for which output signals of each system serves on the input k blocks multiplication on the second inputs blocks multiplication serves average modules derived signals in the control system the points where the averaging is performed by the number of control points output signals of the system, the output signals k blocks of multiplication serves on inputs k blocks of the discrete integration with step Ts seconds, discrete integration is completed in time T , received as a result of discrete integration with step Ts seconds evaluation of the output signals
, j=1,...,k, F j (d), j=1,...,k, P ji (d), j=1,...,k; i=1,...,m register.
6. Define deviations integrated assessments signals discrete models obtained in the result of the trial of the deviations of the parameters of one or several structural blocks
, j=1,...,k; i=1,...,m.
7. Determine the normalized deviation values of integral estimates of signals discrete models obtained in the result of the trial of the deviations of the parameters of one or several blocks according to the formula
.8. Define deviations integrated assessments signals discrete controlled systems for k checkpoint from the nominal values
, j=1,...,k.
9. Calculate the normalized deviation values of integral estimates of signals controlled discrete system by the formula :
.10. Calculate the diagnostic signs of faulty structural unit or a combination of several blocks according to the formula (3).
11. The minimum values of diagnostic character determine the defective unit or a combination of several blocks.
Consider the implementation of the proposed method of finding the defect for a discrete system block diagram is shown in figure 1.
Discrete transfer function blocks:
; ; ,nominal values of the parameters: K 1 =5; Z 1 =0.98; 2 =0.09516; Q 2 =0.9048; 3 =0.0198; Q 3 =0.9802.
When modeling the input signal will use a pseudo-random signal (when modeling was used block of Band-Limited White Noise in Matlab). Control time T to select equal to 10 s.
Define options (m=7) evaluation of deviations in the form of reducing the gain (k 1 ,...,k 3 ) each dynamic block and block combinations on 10%: k 1 =4 (i=1); k 2 =0.085644 (i=2); k 3 =0.01782 (i=3); k 1 =4 and k 2 =0.085644 (i=4); (k 2 =0.085644 and k 3 =0.01782 (i=5); (k 1 =4 and k 3 =0.01782 (i=6); k 1 =4, k 2 =0.085644 and k 3 =0.01782 (i=7). When searching for multiple structural defect in the form of deviations gain 20% (k 1 =4, k 2 =0.085644, k 3 =0.01782) in the first, second and third echelons, when submitting work (pseudo-random) input signal and T =10, when using the three control points located on the outputs of the units, using trial deviation amounts to 10%, the values of diagnostic characteristics according to the formula (3): J 1 =0.0609; J 2 =0.3762; J 3 =0.07686; J 4 =0.9795; J 5 =0.6962; J 6 =0.02014; J 7 =0.001525. Analysis of values of diagnostic signs shows that fold defect simultaneously in the first, second and third structural units controlled discrete system is correct. It should be noted that the method of functional and with high values of quantities trial deviations (10-40%). Limitation on the magnitude of the trial deviation is the need to preserve the stability of the models with a trial deviations.
Search multiples of structural defects according to the proposed method with respect to a discrete object diagnosis presented in figure 1, consists of the following operations:
1. Record the number of controlled single and multiple defects m=7.
2. By analyzing the chart nominal transient characteristics determine the time of the transition process discrete system. For this example, the transition process is T PP =8 C. Record the time control T k = T PP . For this example, T k =10 s.
3. Fixed checkpoints on the outputs of the units: k=3.
4. Simultaneously serves a single test signal to the input of the control system with nominal characteristics, at the entrance of the controlled system, which entered variation of the parameters of the first, second and third blocks from nominal at 20% (fold defect in three blocks) and the inputs of the m models with nominal parameters, each of which introduced trial variation of the parameters of one or more blocks so that the i-th system introduced trial deviations in the i-th combination of blocks. The magnitude of the trial deviations choose equal to 10%.
5. Define deviations integrated assessments signals controlled system for the three control points from the nominal values
, j=1,...,3.
6. Calculate the normalized deviation values of integral estimates of signals of the controlled system
according to the formula (2).
7. Pre find elements of the vectors
deviations integrated assessments signals model obtained in the result of pilot deviations of parameters of all controlled single and multiple defects. The magnitude of the trial deviations choose equal to 10%.
8. Find normalized vectors
deviations integrated assessments signals model obtained in the result of pilot deviations of the corresponding parameters of all controlled single and multiple defects according to the formula (1).
9. Calculate the diagnostic signs of faulty units according to the formula (3): J 1 =0.0609; J 2 =0.3762; J 3 =0.07686; J 4 =0.9795; J 5 =0.6962; J 6 =0.02014; J 7 =0.001525, where J 1 indicates a defect in the first block, J 2, respectively indicates a defect in the second, J 3 indicates a defect in the third, J 4 indicates the defects in the first and second blocks, J 5 - defects in the first and third blocks, J 6 defects in the second and the third block, a J 7, respectively defects in the first, second and the third block.
10. The minimum values of diagnostic character determine the combination of bad blocks (in this case - i=7).
Modeling of processes of search multiple defects in other cases of his manifestation for this object diagnosing gives the following values diagnostic signs.
In the presence of defects in sections №1 and №3 (in the form of reducing the parameters k 1 and k-3 at 20%, fold defect №5): J 1 =0.8392; J 2 =0.9997; J 3 =0.3689; J 4 =0.2646; J 5 =0.004584; J 6 =0.7689; J 7 =0.6741.
In the presence of defects in blocks №2 and №3 (in the form of reducing the parameters k 2 and k 3 20%, defect №6): J 1 =0.01478; J 2 =0.2546; J 3 =0.159; J 4 =0.9996; J 5 =0.8107; J 6 =0; J 7 =0.01169.
In the presence of defects in sections №1 and №2 (in the form of reducing the parameters k 1 and k 2 20%, defect №4): J 1 =0.9271; J 2 =0.5643; J 3 =0.9576; J 4 =0.04752; J 5 =0.4092; J 6 =0.9582; J 7 =0.9878.
We show that this method works, and to search for a single structural defects.
If there is a defect in the block №3 (in the form of reduction of the parameter k 3 20%, defect №3): J 1 =0.2457; J 2 =0.6634; J 3 =0.0001691; J 4 =0.821; J 5 =0.4162; J 6 =0.1743; J 7 =0.1056.
If there is a defect in the block №2 (in the form of reduction of the parameter k 2 20%, defect №2); J 1 =0.173; J 2 =0.0003466; J 3 =0.6335; J 4 =0.7847; J 5 =0.9967; J 6 =0.2321; J 7 =0.3261.
If there is a defect in the block №1 (in the form of reduction of the parameter k 1 20%, defect №1): J 1 =0.0001062; J 2 =0.184; J 3 =0.2361; J 4 =0.9967; J 5 =0.8825; J 6 =0.01257; J 7 =0.04964.
The minimum value of diagnostic character in all cases, correctly points to bad blocks.