System and method of bioretention. RU patent 2506229.

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to system of discharge flow purification, such as rain water and sewages, containing hard particles and dissolved substances. System of water purification contains, at least, one retention layer, constructed for receiving water, flowing into system, with retention layer containing media, which have composition, intended for retention of phosphorus, which contain residues of water purification; drainage layer, including drainage system under retention layer, with retention layer and drainage layer being constructed and placed in such a way that, at least, part of water, passing through retention layer will be received by drainage system.

EFFECT: improvement of removal of excessive nitrogen and phosphorus from polluted water flows.

20 cl, 8 dwg, 4 tbl

This application sets the priority of the application at the U.S. patent serial No. 61/045506, filed on April 16, 2008, entitled «System and method of », and serial No. 61/149175, filed February 2, 2009, the Full contents are included in this summary as a reference.

Preconditions of creation of the invention

In General, the present invention relates to the purification system stream containing solids and dissolved contaminants. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system and method of removing excess phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N), such as dissolved P and N in the form of P and N compounds and ions, of the flow of storm water and other polluted wastewater. The present invention also relates to improved Wednesdays for long-term retention of phosphorus in the systems and improved production to facilitate the retention of nitrogen.

System often include a reservoir for content flow, which is subjected. The bottom of the reservoir usually consists of a porous medium, which planted vegetation. When the normal flow passes through the system , particulate contaminants are removed by filtration. Dissolved phosphorus can be removed from the flow by biological means,. such as plant and microbial biomass consumption, as well as ways of chemical adsorption/deposition (here referred to under the category of sorption), which are characteristics of the environments. Dissolved nitrogen can also be removed from flow of plant and microbial consumption of biomass and biological transformations, including the denitrification, which effectively turns the nitrogen to nitrogen gas.

System are cost-effective means of cleaning flow for flow of storm water in terms of removal of precipitation and precipitation connecting nitrogen and phosphorous. This can be, in particular, considered in the watersheds, which are affected by urban and/or rural reset to the extent that they are the object that refers to the criteria of the total maximum daily load (() (TMDL)for nutrients. However, typical system with sandy environments and free unloading releases are less effective for the removal of dissolved nitrogen and long-term removal of dissolved phosphorus. Ways to increased retention of pollutants nutrients responsible -criteria are important in the development of cleaning thread so that they can more effectively clean the normal flow of more appropriate and effective manner.

Consequently, there is a need for improved systems and how and enhanced environments, which are used in systems .

Short description of the invention

Examines the system and the way for the removal of phosphorus and nitrogen from stream, such as storm water and waste water. The system and method may contain filtration environment, having matrix, preferably well fractionated sand with a low coefficient homogeneity associated organic material, resistant to degradation, such as peat moss, mixed together with modifier of material with high sorption ability to phosphorus. Rough matrix fraction can vary from 50 to 8 0% about. Organic material can vary from around 10 to 20% about., and modifier can vary from around 10 to 40%. Component of the coarse fraction may include crushed materials sorted sand particles, preferably the primary zone gradation of American Golf Association ((AAG) (USGA)), which at least 60% have a diameter of 1/25 inch to 1/100 of an inch (0,25-1 mm), not more than 10% should be larger than 5 1/2 inch (1 mm), not more than 5% should be smaller than 1/500 inch (0.05 mm). Examples preferable materials include crushed limestone, sand, covered with iron, neutralized sand-balance processing of bauxite ore, crushed brick etc. Organic component may include fiber coconut (coconut shell), peat moss or peat moss. Material modifier may include aluminium or iron-containing residues of water purification ((OSU)(WTR)), red mud, neutralized sea water, is a byproduct of the processing of bauxite to aluminum, red gypsum is a byproduct of the processing of rutile, titanium or iron - and natural soils, and OBO are preferred for many applications.

The system may also include the exhaust system, which has a bottom outlet pipe going up from the place closest to the bottom of the issue and the issue connected with the far end of the pipe. Editions, preferably, increase the retention time for the enhanced nitrogen removal in small cases, treatment plants, which contain the annual volumes of wastewater. The mentioned issues, preferably, also contribute to high flows in large water treatment cases pass through the environment, thus providing cleaning systems and significant cases with minimum by-pass flow left uncleared.

The system can also contain herbs, trees, shrubs, and/or shrubs provided in sufficient quantity to improve the biological consumption and reactions, as well as infiltration properties environments.

The system may also include the environment, breed and exhaust system in a unitary structure. The system can also contain herbs, trees, shrubs, and/or bushes. They should be in sufficient quantities to improve the filtration properties and/or to prevent the erosion of the surface. Preferably higher than the average envisaged grate to protect media from the masses of people, animals and objects passing above it. Grille, preferably, has one or more holes to allow water to flow and gases to escape.

Other objectives and characteristics of the present invention will be seen from the following detailed description, considered in conjunction with enclosed drawings. However, it should be clear that the drawings are intended for illustration purposes only and not as a definition of the scope of the invention, to which reference will be made in the appended claims.

Brief description of drawings

Some of the characteristics and advantages of the present invention, as well as other purpose will be seen from the foregoing description made in conjunction with the attached drawings, which:

figure 1 shows a cross-section of the front view of the system in accordance with the variant of the invention;

figure 2 shows the cross-section in the front view of the exhaust system in accordance with the variant of the invention;

figure 3 presents a cross section of the front view of the system in accordance with the variant of the invention;

figure 4 shows a cross section of the front view of the exhaust system in accordance with the variant of the invention;

- on the figure 5 (5(a) and 5(b)) shows the reduction in the nitrogen concentration due to vegetation systems in accordance with the variants of the invention;

- in figure 6 (6(a) and 6(b)) shows the reduction in the nitrogen concentration, due to the limited editions systems in accordance with the variants of the invention;

- in figure 7 (7(a) and 7(b)) shows the reduction in the concentration of phosphorus systems in accordance with the variants of the invention;

- on the figure 8 (8(a) and 8(b)) shows the reduction in the concentration of phosphorus systems red mud and vegetables in accordance with the variants of the invention.

Description of preferred options

The present invention relates to a system and method for the removal of phosphorus, nitrogen and other pollutants from fluid flow, such as flows of the storm water and wastewater. The system and method may include layers of filtration media. Some environments may have matrix, preferably well fractionated sand with a low coefficient of uniformity. It can form layers or miscible with organic material, resistant to degradation, such as peat moss, or with modifier of material with high sorption ability to phosphorus. Rough matrix fraction can vary from about 50 to 80%. Organic material can vary from around 10 to 20%. modifier can vary from around 10 to 40%.

Component of the coarse fraction may include crushed materials sorted sand particles, preferably the primary zone gradation of the American Association for the course ((AAG) (USGA)), which at least 60% have a diameter of 1/25 inch to 1/100 of an inch (0,25-1 mm), not more than 10% should be larger than 1/25 inch (1 mm), not more than 5% should be smaller than 1/500 inch (0.05 mm). Examples preferable materials include crushed limestone, sand, covered with iron, neutralized sand-balance processing of bauxite ore, crushed brick etc. Organic component may include fiber coconut (coconut shell), peat moss or peat moss.

Preferred filtration environment included, for example, as modifier may include aluminium or iron-containing residues of water purification ((PSBS) (WTR)), red mud, neutralized sea water, is a byproduct of the processing of bauxite to aluminum, red gypsum is a byproduct of the processing of rutile, titanium or iron - and natural soils. All such materials are characterized as having a very low index ((IFN)(PSI)), where low values are high ability to .

The remains of water purification ((PSBS) (WTR)) are commonly used in installations for purification of drinking water and may include material in its fresh, and in a consistent form. Seasoned form is preferred for many applications. They may include residues remaining from coagulation of dissolved organic acids and mineral colloids sulphate or aluminium or iron. These materials containing clay, organic matter and base metals are usually and are very resistant to air dried, when fresh. If they are dry, they form a fragile hydrophobic units. After a period of exposure at atmospheric effects OBO become less fragile and hydrophobic and easier to mix.

Ferrous sulfate forms ferrihydride-OBO (Fe 5 O 7 (HE)·4H 2 O), where adsorption processes require acidic conditions, so that the capacity for R-sorption ferrihydrite-OVO much more sharply expressed in acid soils. The effect of ferrihydrite may be in 5 0 times more at a pH below 6.0 compared to alkaline soils with a pH above 8,0. Lime can be introduced into soil in which the introduction of ferrihydrite-OVO gives pH below 6.0. Application of ferrihydrite may increase the R-adsorption and hold in typical field soils.

Alum containing OVO, dominated by advanced proportions aluminium hydroxides, often 25%, a significant proportion of which is in the most efficient amorphous form. There are also significant quantities of iron compounds, as well as small proportion of calcium, magnesium and other elements. IFN OVO can range from 0.37 to 6.34 middle 2,10. Operating effectively under neutral pH PSBS may be effective in reducing the intermediate concentration of dissolved R P highly-enriched soils. 6% use can significantly reduce the concentration of dissolved R lower than the threshold value for the P-desorption. High degree of VEGETABLES applications in R-enriched soils can significantly reduce the loss of dissolved R in the drain and improve retention dissolved R introduction PSBS in the soil. The increase of content of amorphous aluminium substrates may correlate with lower concentrations of dissolved R.

PSBS may have a maximum capacity to the P-adsorption in the interval from approximately 6.6 to about 16.5 g/kg after 17 hours of balance. When aggregates crushed from approximately 2 mm to about 150 microns, average values may increase to approximately 9,68 g/. balancing within six days of the average value may increase to about 22,9 g/kg, a value significantly more initial value. A large part of this balancing can occur in the first two days, showing the influence of the surface area and time. After the maximum consumption of less than about 10% of adsorbed P may , showing that the adsorption processes are irreversible.

diffusion of the particles is described and is a complete aspect of the irreversibility of sorption'OVO. specific surface area is 24 times larger than the average size of the particles. Accelerated aging multiple cycles of wetting-drying accelerates internal diffusion to the places, where P is irreversibly bound.

It was found that PSBS are very effective in keeping the dissolved R even after the sorption of large quantities of R. Concentration of dissolved R in the water passing through the PSBS, remain very low even after quantities that will give high concentration of dissolved P out of other materials, usually used in mediums .

Red mud is a byproduct of the processing of bauxite to aluminum. In the way Bayer injected with sodium hydroxide to dissolve aluminum oxide crystal mineral matrix at high temperature and pressure. The resulting solution is then separated and lighten, after which it is ignited for the Department of aluminum oxide from the solution. Red mud usually contains a small fraction of the original bauxite, remaining after the specified process.

Iron - and mineral soils, such as soils derived from basalt, are very effective in keeping the phosphorus. Compared with most of the soils in these soils contain high proportion of amorphous aluminum and iron. soil known for retention of phosphorus.

soils are very effective in keeping the dissolved R even after significant number of R. The concentration of dissolved R in the water passing through soil, remain very low even after quantities that will give high concentration of dissolved P out of other materials, usually used in mediums .

Unlike a deduction of R, which means a chemical method of sorption in the environment, the retention of nitrogen is a biological process, which can eventually be powered by photosynthesis of plants. Plants not only directly consume the nitrogen, they release carbon compounds in the soil which is consumed microbiological activity, which may also consume nitrogen, and also convert a part of nitrogen to nitrogen gas, which is lost from the system. These methods delete N amplified increase the retention time and conditions of saturation.

Systems and methods according to the present invention may also include drainage system which, preferably, has a control system of output, which can adaptively managed with the regulation of the holding time of saturation and the surface that is filled above the layers of filtration media in response to changes in the properties of environments and soils over time. The drainage system may include exhaust system, which has a bottom outlet pipe going up from the bottom of the issue and the issue connected with the upper end of the pipe. Editions, preferably, increase the retention time for the enhanced nitrogen removal in small cases, treatment plants, which constitute a large part of the annual volume of wastewater. The mentioned issues, preferably, also ensure passage of high flows through the environment in major cases, water treatment, thus allowing systems to purify even major cases with minimum by-pass flow remaining uncleared. Regulation of the flow through the drainage system can also affect the removal of phosphorus.

The system may also include the environment, breed and exhaust system in a unitary structure. The system may, in addition, include trees, shrubs or bushes, and grass. Preferably higher than the average envisaged grate to protect media from the masses of people, animals and objects passing above it. Grille, preferably, has one or more holes to allow water to flow and gases to escape.

Some preferred options of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. With regard to figures 1-4, water treatment system 100 can be placed, preferably in contact with the existing platform soil 1. System 100, preferably includes layer media 5, preferably above the layer of the breed 3, preferably containing rocks with closed drainage. Subsurface drainage 9, preferably, on the layer of rock with closed drainage 3. Material of soil retention, such as a drainage layer of geotextile 2, can be introduced to prevent soil 1, the system of migration in the environment 5 and a layer of rocks with closed drainage 3.

In accordance with the variant of the invention environment 5 may contain coarse matrix, also called the coarse fraction. They can also contain organic component also called the organic fraction. Environment 5 may also contain fine modifiers, who, preferably, have a high ability to adsorb phosphorus. Preferably, environment 5 contain approximately 50-80%. component of the coarse fraction, approximately 10-20%. the organic component and 10-40%. component modifier. Organic and small modifiers can be provided to improve soil conditions. For example, they can improve soil and enter the trace amounts of micronutrients. Coarse fraction, the organic fraction and small-sized modifiers can be mixed sorting installation or other mechanical device.

Coarse fraction may include sand peat varieties with a low coefficient of uniformity, which, preferably, contributes to infiltration. Other preferred examples of the coarse fraction include any or all of the following (without limitation): sand derived from the crushed limestone, sand coated iron, obtained from areas with a high content of iron, neutralized sand residue from the processing of bauxite and/or crushed brick.

modifier, preferably, includes material that has high ability to absorb phosphorus and high specific surface area (ratio of surface to volume). Preferred an example of fine material is balance of water purification ((PSBS) (WTR)), which may be an industry waste water treatment. It was found that OVO continues to hold more than 95% of phosphorus applied concentrations of storm water, even after about ten days loads of storm water, when ordinary sandy loam systems become inefficient. Other preferred examples of small materials include (without limitation) iron OVO and/or 'OVO.

Another example is the preferred small material includes red mud, thin material remaining after the extraction of aluminium from ore. Because he is , it, preferably, neutralize, to reduce the alkalinity. Neutralized seawater red mud is a byproduct of the processing of bauxite to aluminum - can be effective. It was found that the medium with red mud can hold more than 85% of phosphorus applied at concentrations of storm water, even after much more than ten days loads of storm water.

Another example is the preferred small material includes the red plaster, fine material remaining after the extraction of rutile titanium ore. Red gypsum shows a very high affinity for residual phosphorus, at concentrations of storm water.

Another example of fine material includes natural soil, in particular, natural soils that have a high content of iron and/or aluminum. It was found that the medium with soils with a high content of iron may hold more than 70% of phosphorus applied at concentrations of storm water, even after more than ten days loads of storm water.

Fine material may be equally distributed between small materials and coarse aggregates of small materials. When petty environment Matures, coarse fragments can be dispersed, providing greater ability to hold the R, as the system Matures.

In accordance with the variant of the invention plot can be obtained groove and/or filling of the soil to a depth sufficient for placement of the layer media 5 and breed with closed drainage 3, while allowing storage flow with filling up the surface when the speed of incoming flow exceeds the infiltration rate environment. Preferably, geotextile 2 keeps the environment 5 and breed with closed drainage 3 and separates environment 5 and breed with closed drainage 3 from soil 1 on one side of geotextile 2 and soil 1 on the other side of geotextile 2. Geotextile material is, preferably, porous to allow Wednesdays 5 and layer breed 3 drained into the soil. In conditions, where the load of total nitrogen ((OA) (TN)), and the rate of infiltration of natural soils are high, geotextiles can be made essentially impermeable to prevent the exfiltration of nitrogen in groundwater.

Layer of rocks is, preferably, at least five inches (127 mm), is more preferable, than about six inches (152.4 mm) deep. He preferably contains unit, preferably, openly sorted №4 crushed aggregate, the average diameter of approximately 1.0 or about 0.8-1.2 inch (25,4 or about 20,3-30.5 mm). Unit, preferably, washed, most preferably water to remove very small particles which can accumulate in the process method of crushing. 4 layer can be approximately two to four inches (50,8-101.6 mm), preferably three inches (76.2 mm) depth and, preferably, also contains unit, preferably, mixed unit №8 9 the average diameter of approximately 0,2 5 inches or approximately 0.2-0.3 inch) (6.35 mm (or about 5.08 to 7.62 mm)). Such a unit, preferably, facilitates migration limitation media 5 down in the layer of rocks with closed drainage 3.

Preferably, the environment 5 are deep, at least, about 15-36 inches (380-915 mm), preferably, approximately 18 inches (4 57 mm). In areas of concentrated phosphate loads depth environments and the proportion modifier can be increased with the inclusion of more sorption ability. When more media 5 for the best characteristics of cleaning the environment depth can be increased along the parties, preferably, to a depth of a typical filling with water 6.

Example of how to implement the system in accordance with the variant of the invention will be described here. Upon receipt of the site excavation and filling soil geotextile 2 can be placed in base to the level of essentially every external surface obtained zone. Therefore, geotextile 2 can provide the Foundation and walls, reaching upwards from the base. Part of the layer breed 3 can be placed on the specified grounds. Hidden drainage 9 can be installed in the layer of rocks 3. layer 4 can be placed on top of the layer of rock with closed drainage 3 with closed drainage 9 in the layer breed 3. After this environment 5 can be placed on top of layer 4, preferably without the use of a wheeled or caterpillar equipment that will condense it. Wednesday 5, preferably, allow to settle at approximately 15-25%, preferably, about 20%, until the medium 5 not reached the required depth. Environment 5, preferably, wetted sufficient rainfall or irrigation for the introduction of a settlement, by at least 10-15%, preferably, approximately 15%, before planting of one or more of plant materials 7.

After the initial settling of plant material 7 can be introduced into the system to improve the ways of the removal of phosphorus and nitrogen, as well as maintaining the infiltration rate, when deposits accumulate. Preferably, plants 7 contain a mixture of herbs cold season C3 and warm season C4 intended for the hydrological regime of the site. In particular, it was established that the grass C4 Pennesetum alopecuroides ( rock) and Panicum virgatum (switchgrass) are effective in facilitating the retention of nutrients in the modes . As an alternative to plant material can also be used woody shrubs, bushes and small trees, intended for the hydrological regime. Such plants, preferably, shallow rooted to prevent being wrenched off by the wind. In addition, you may be any combination of herbs, grasses, shrubs and trees, depending on the mode without derogating from the volume of the invention.

The surface layer of mulch 8 may be precipitated after planting vegetative material 7. Mulch 8 may prevent surface seal at impacts of rain drops, erosion from surface suction and excessive drying and cracking. One variant of the invention uses for this purpose several inches (tens mm) small well-unsorted gravel, the average diameter of approximately 0.20 to 0.30 in (5.08 to 7.62 mm), preferably, about 0.25 inch (6.35 mm). Another example of a layer of mulch 8, which, preferably, provides the best reduction of clogging surface and greater sorption of metal cations, is a well-aged mulch hard wood, which retains many of suspended solids in thread. This may facilitate the removal of accumulated solid precipitation as part of the process of periodic replacement of mulch.

The choice of mulch may depend on plant material 8. In installations in which the plant material contains grass, preferred mulch can contain gravel. Because grass can grow, its fallen part can create its own organic mulch, and the high density of the stem of grass can improve infiltration rate, when accumulated solid precipitation. In the case of shrubs and trees lower density trunk may be less effective in preventing the clogging, although allows easy replacement of mulch. In this option, planting of plants mulch from hard wood can be preferable.

Threads purged by passing through the medium 5 can enter the layer of rocks with closed drainage 3. Accordingly, you may be exhaust system containing one or more closed drainage 9, such as punched or slotted pipe, preferably, which has a diameter of about two to about eight inches (approximately 50,8-203.2 mm), which (drains) are separated from each other at the right intervals, preferably, about 30 feet (9 m) or less. Big pipes and large depth breed may be preferred when closed drains 9 are long. In large systems, closed drains can be connected by pipeline. Subsurface drainage (or pipe can be connected to the exhaust system, so that the liquid can flow of subsurface drainage 9 in the exhaust system.

In accordance with typical variant of the invention, with the configuration shown in figure 1, normal flow may enter the environment 5 through the mulch 8. When he passes through the medium 5, phosphorus can be adsorbed from flow. Preferably filtered normal thread can be closed drainage 9 and a leak in the exhaust system, 200 and sealed well 10, then the drainage pipe 11. Exhaust system 200, preferably, regulates the speed with which the normal flow passes through the medium 5, to improve the filtering, adsorption and transformation. For example, more nitrogen can be removed from thread, if normal flow of retained in the media 5 over a long period of time. When providing two or more issues in the closed pit exhaust system 200 can provide an increased flow of flow of subsurface drainage 9 in sealed well 10. Although showing two issues, it should be clear that a number of issues may vary as the question of the choice of the particular application design.

Exhaust system 200 in accordance with the variant of the invention is shown in figure 2. Environment can have high infiltration rate. In some cases the system without adjustable exhaust system can ensure the retention time environment hour or less. The specified retention time may be too short for transformations of nitrogen, such as denitrification, so they effectively took place. Exhaust system, preferably, provides regulation of flows to a speed that is part of the infiltration rate environment, thus increasing the duration of retention of environments. Effective speed of issuance may preferably be regulated with the provision of the desired retention time, to contribute to the transformation of nitrogen, as selected. Ensuring regulatory structure low-flow can increase the retention time, for example, up to six hours or more with minimal impact on the depth of the filling with water up to the surface. Exhaust system, preferably, also increases the length of the conditions of saturation to over about six hours, about twelve hours or up to a day or more, thus promoting improved denitrification.

With regard to figure 2, the installation of 200 to increase the rate of production, where the prevailing rainfall are more intense, or where the ratio of the area between the source and size of the device is high. Alternatively, when the infiltration rate in the natural soils are high, low flow can be limited. The release also can preferably be adjusted to correspond to the change of conditions over time.

Exhaust system 200 may include pre-formed sealed well, such as concrete sealed well 10, preferably made of such size to fit standard street . Sealed well 10 drained exhaust pipe 11, which can be sized in accordance with the standard procedures of choice, well-known to specialists in the field of technology. Exhaust system 200 can include one or more interim releases flow 12 on the side of the grating 13, close to the top of the closed 10 well, for the conduct of cases of large flows of all, preferably made with dimensions in accordance with the standard procedures of choice, well-known to specialists in the field of technology. Issue 12 is preferably to approximately 6 to 24 inches (152-610 mm), preferably, about 9-12 inches (229-305 mm) above the surface layer of mulch 8.

Subsurface drainage 9 (or pipeline) can pass through the sealed well 10 and end at the tee 14. Swivel elbow 15 with reducing bushing and tapered male node 16 can be foreseen at the other end of the tee 14 and may end with end cover, preferably with a hole 17. Hole 17, preferably adjustable for interim releases drilling its Central sleeve drill a certain size.

Whereas infiltration in natural soils and desire to create a zone of saturation, the size and height of the hole 17 may preferably be calculated exactly by experts in the field of equipment with the creation of the saturated zone and increased retention time environments, unless the system is drained below the top issue discussed below. Hole 17 can be protected from clogging of surface fluxes fastening of a grid over 18 nipple 16. Flows of closed drainage 9 and out of the issue may be, preferably, filtered environments.

End cover 26, preferably may be of such size and its height can be installed by experts in the field of technology to optimize the time and depth of flooding, as much as possible to slow down the drain when cleaning large cases. Stormwater cases during normal rainfall surface levels can rise above issue at a height 24 inches (610 mm). This can cause an increase in the depth of the filling with water, thus causing a corresponding increase in the effective pressure. As a result, the first low speed leakage, adjustable lower release 201, can be supplemented flow through the top issue 202, for example, according to the Darcy law, so that the rate of flow can be many times higher than the normal speed of unloading flow. The advantage of having a height-adjustable upper issue 202 may be that its height can be changed to reflect changes in the infiltration rate in the environment over time. When deposits accumulate and saturated hydraulic conductivity decreases the height of the top issue 202 can be reduced to increase the effective pressure, thereby supporting an effective response infiltration. This can provide the ability frequency control to obtain the best efficiency on the basis of stabilized characteristics of the environment.

In areas where N-keeping is an important, and soils are very permeable, geotextile 2 can be made essentially impermeable to ensure that all flows through the release, so that they can be governed by the parameters of the issue. The treated water can then go out of the site of the issue through the holes 203 and held in a layer of rocks 204, located under the impermeable membrane 2. Thus, the only fully purified water can then penetrate into the soil.

Exhaust system 200, preferably, provides a way not only to the regulation of small common threads with the improvement of removal of nitrogen, but also uses the ability to fast infiltration rate environments for cleaning transients high threads that contain dispersed material, which still need to be filtered. The ability to adjust the height and diameter of the holes of the exhaust system 200 can help these systems in accordance with the invention to be receptive to change the infiltration rate environments or to the criteria unloading design. In combination with improvements sorption media and the response to the infiltration of the design issuance of options exhaust system 2 00 can improve the retention of nutrients in comparison with the systems of free unloading environments not in accordance with the invention.

The water treatment system 300 in accordance with a variant of the invention is shown in figure 3. The water treatment system 300 may include, at least, one tree or shrub 27. System 300 will be called hereinafter referred to as the installation of 300. This option may be preferable in places where space is limited or closed, such as urban system. With regard to figure 3, the plant material installation 300 may include tree or Bush 27, intended for the hydrological regime. Trees and shrubs can provide greater evapotranspiration for the same space environments than grass, and can thus improve the overall water retention. Examples of trees suitable for installation 300 include Acer rubrum (red maple), Platanus acerifolia (Platan ) and Quercus palustris (Quercus palustris). However, it should be clear that other trees and shrubs can be used without derogating from the volume of the invention.

Around the tree can be a mixture of herbs cold season C3 and warm season C4. In accordance with the preferred option of the invention warm season grass C4 may include Pennesetum http://alopecuroid.es ( rock) and/or Panicum virgatum (switchgrass), which, as identified by the authors, are effective in facilitating the retention of nutrients. In accordance with the variant of the invention coverage breed №4, or other loose soil can be placed around the tree 27 to fill patterns. It is, preferably, can be air and water, while preventing compaction environment water treatment for walking. Device having breed №4, may be less costly, but it can also be less effective for removal of nutrients and can provide the volume filled with water with a smaller surface.

Layer of rocks 32 can be depth, preferably at least approximately three inches (76.2 mm), preferably, about four inches (101.6 mm) and can preferably include open sorted crushed unit №4, the average diameter of about 0.8-1.2 inches (approximately 20,3-30.5 mm), preferably, about 1.0 inch (25.4 mm). The unit can preferably be rinsed with plenty of water for rinsing the little things that has accumulated in the process of ways of crushing. The unit can be covered layer 33 depth, preferably, approximately 1.5 to 2.5 inches (38-63,5 mm). layer 33 can, preferably, to include mixed unit no. 89, the average diameter of approximately 0.2 to 0.3 inches (5.08 to 7.62 mm), preferably, about 0.25 inch (6.35 mm), which may restrict migration environment down in the layer of rocks 32. Layer of rocks 32 can, preferably, drained perforated closed drainage 34, having a diameter of at least approximately one inch (25.4 mm), preferably, approximately two inches (50.8 mm), which can be connected to the exhaust system 350 in vertical drain pipe 35 discussed in more detail below and shown in more detail in figure 4.

Layer environments 36 can be placed on top of layer 32, preferably without the use of a wheeled or caterpillar equipment, which can condense the environment. Depth environments may be, preferably, at least, approximately 18 inches (457 mm), preferably, about 24 inches (610 mm)with then settling at about 20%. In areas of concentrated loads of phosphorus depth environments 36 and composition and proportion modifier can be adjusted with the provision of greater sorption capacity in accordance with the specific requirements of the site.

Flows from the street 37 can be collected highly permeable concrete border section 38, made with dimensions to provide a direct admission of polluted runoff containing large waste such as leaves and debris from the collapsing environments 36. Alternatively, the discharge can be assembled standard border intake system, located upstream from 300 system. A large part of the contaminated «first wash and low flows can be selectively allocated in the pipeline system of intake upstream of the distribution pipe 39, has holes or slots of 40. Hole 4 0 can be pre-selected the dimensions of specialists in a given field of technology to distribute the flow essentially evenly among multiple installations at different altitudes. Below pipes 39 and/or near the porous concrete inlet section 38 can be placed inspiring display of turf 41 to prevent erosion and erosion from concentrated .

Exhaust system 350 in accordance with the variant of the invention, which has a top issue 352 and bottom outlet 351, is shown in the General plan on the figure 4. Exhaust system 350 may include vertical pipe 42, preferably containing plastic. Tube 4 2 may, preferably, have a diameter of about 10-18 inches (254-457 mm), preferably, 12 inches (305 mm). Edition may additionally include a trailing cover 43, sealed to prevent uncontrollable losses of water. To conduct spillovers runoff, on the surface, may enter the upper end of the pipe 42 35 through the bars 44, which can detect the height of the overflow of the vertical pipe. These flows can, preferably, be transported from 300 system to the outlet pipe 45.

Inlets of subsurface drainage 3 4 can pass through to end cover 43 in waterproof booster fitting 48. Subsurface drainage 34 can, preferably, end with a knee 47, above which can be assigned to a tee 48. Site rotating the knee 4 9 with node-reducing adapter and nipple 50 can be provided at the other end of the tee 4 8 and end with a hole 51. Hole 51 can preferably be adjusted to intermediate-sized drilling Central adapter drill a certain size, as applicable to the bottom port 51.

Node reducing adapter and nipple 50 may be, preferably, is located at the end of the host of the tribe of 49 and end host adapter 50, who preferably has a hole 51. Whereas infiltration in natural soils and the possibility of creating a saturated zone, the size and height of the hole 51 may be, preferably, developed by a specialist in a given field of technology with the creation of the saturated zone and increased retention time in the environment, once the system is drained below the top issue 352 discussed below. Hole 51 can preferably be immune from clogging the provision of grid 52 over the nipple, where the mesh can preferably be mounted on the nipple. Flows from the issuance of the 352 may be, preferably, have already been filtered environments.

Lower production can be adjusted to match velocities infiltration of the plot. In permeable soils it may be difficult and/or upgraded, increasing the volume of purified water, which . In poorly drained soils issue may be further extended and/or reduced rate increasing flow while reducing preserved volume. Thus, the operation of the system may be developed with respect to the conditions found on site as to ensure consistent operation.

Lower vertical pipe 53 may go up from tee 48 and end in a flexible lower 55 and may preferably be fixed pipe clamp 54. Upper vertical pipe 58 can preferably be designed and placed to be at least partially inside the lower vertical pipe 52. Upper vertical pipe 58 may be, preferably, attached to relieve fitting 53 pipe clamp 54. Pipe clamp 5 4 can, preferably, to facilitate the regulation extended the length of the upper vertical pipe 55. Folding 5 6 suspension can be placed for fixing the upper vertical pipe 55 to the wall designs 42.

The top issue 352 may, preferably contain knee 57, neighboring with the top of the upper vertical pipe 55, which can preferably be mounted reducing adapter 58. Nipple 59, may preferably be introduced via the adapter reduces 58. Nipple 59 can be insulated from clogging the provision of grid 60 over the end of the nipple, 59. Preferably, net 60 can be fixed on the nipple 59. Nipple 59 may preferably be adjusted to the introduction of intermediate sizes terminal cover with a hole formed by a drill of a certain size, as applicable to the bottom port 51.

End cover 60 should preferably be chosen with the size and the height of the specialist in a given field of technology so as to optimize the time and depth filling with water to delay as much as possible runoff at cleaning of large cases. Stormwater cases during normal rainfall surface can rise above the height of the upper issue 352. This can cause an increase in the depth of the filling with water, thus causing a corresponding increase in the effective pressure. As a result, first of low infiltration rate, adjustable lower release 351, is increased according to the Darcy law in such a way that the flow velocity in the upper issue 352 are many times more low discharge rate of the stream. The potential advantage of a flexible height to top of issue may be that its height can be adjusted to conform to changes infiltration rate that can occur over time. When accumulated solid precipitation, and the saturated hydraulic conductivity is reduced, the issue can be reduced to increase the effective pressure, thereby supporting an effective response infiltration. This can provide the ability frequency control to obtain the best efficiency on the basis of stable characteristics of the environment.

Exhaust system, preferably, provides a way not only to the regulation of small common threads, to improve the removal of nitrogen and correspond to the rate of infiltration of the plot, but also uses the ability to fast infiltration rate environments for cleaning transients high threads that contain dispersed material, which still need to be filtered. The ability to adjust the height and diameter of holes can allow systems to be receptive to change the infiltration rate environments or criteria unloading design. In combination with improvements sorption media and the response to the infiltration of the design issuance of options exhaust system can improve the retention of nutrients in comparison with the systems of free unloading environments not in accordance with the invention.

In accordance with preferred option invention system may be appropriate for wastewater treatment and/or storm water. Various examples of mediums water treatment, as described here, can improve phosphorus removal of the wastewater. Preferably, the environment can ensure the retention of phosphorus, providing a quick drainage. Flows through the medium may preferably be regulated exhaust system in accordance with typical variants of the invention with the increase retention time for enhanced nitrogen removal in small cases which constitute a large part of the annual volume of wastewater. Exhaust system can preferably be designed and constructed to provide high flows in major cases, thus allowing systems to purify even major cases with minimum by-pass flow remaining uncleared.

It was also found that the ability of a typical environment without plants help to retain phosphorus concentrations of storm water may become exhausted within a few years. However, the presence of plants can significantly increase the retention of phosphorus, far beyond that can be attributed to consumption.

It should be clear that the examples below are only illustrative, as the subject of the application, a separate one for the selection of the design and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way.

Twenty-seven devices «» (mesocosms), size 240 l, used for studies of hydraulic regimes and retention of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus systems in accordance with the invention. Environments contain soil, red mud and the remnants of water purification ((PSBS)(WTR)) in connection with sand and fibrous peat. All cleaning, except one, were plant with shrubs and herbs, while one had no vegetation (wasteland). Table 1 presents the composition of environments cleanings.

The composition of different environments cleanings. (The proportions of minerals are given by mass, as defined Fe, and Al. The proportion of peat are given by volume)

Type of media

Brand media

Peat-sand

soil

The remains of a water treatment

Fibrous peat

30% of the rests of water treatment

15% of the rests of water treatment

6% of red mud

10% of red mud

Despite the fact that there was a high proportion of small materials environments, saturated hydraulic conductivity were very high with the average values in the interval from 15.1 to 55.7 cm/H. to increase the time For keeping all systems, except one (room cleaning WTR-K)regulated configuration with dual release. This includes unlimited increased release, which conducts release as a function of the flow through the environment according to the law Darcy. The specified issue is likely to be close to the surface of the media and regulate the output stream when saturated cleaning and filling water.

When regulating the height with the provision of more or less effective pressure in response to repeated permeability specified location gives as a result of such flooding and drainage in repetitions, containing environments with very different permeability. This placement reduces the possible displacement different retention times with the retention of nutrients. For drainage cleaning after each event 4 mm sleeve establish on the bottom layer of gravel, at low bit rates (average of 8.4 cm/h). Unlike top-release this release regulates the flow velocity as a function of the hydraulic properties, which are more limited than the media, so that the triggering is similar in all repetitions. The specified issue is choked to very low speeds unloading (+or-1 cm/h) in the process of load mode. Its height is raised above the drainage layer with the creation of saturated conditions in the lower part of the media.

During one study device «» with and red mud loaded once a week 4 9 cm tertiary flow, containing 2.2 mg/l nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and 4.4 mg/l total nitrogen ((OA) (TN)), over 81 weeks. Device «» OVO loaded once a week 4 9 cm tertiary flow, containing 2.2 mg/l NO x and 4.1 mg/l OA, for 80 weeks. With cleaning intervals were measured artificial storm water containing 0.7 mg/l NO x and 1,1-1,6 mg/l OA, as shown in table 2.

Characteristics of flow and contamination of storm water mass concentrate flow (mg/l) and mass load (kg/h), the overall experiment and 80-81-weekly nature

Modes of contamination

Total phosphorus (())

Total nitrogen (OA)

Pollution flow: February-July 2007

Pollution stream: August 2007 - January 2008

Pollution flow: March - June 2008

Pollution stream: August 2008 - January 2009

Average storm water: August 2007

Average storm water: February 2008

Average storm water: August 2008

Average storm water: February 2009

Mass load full 110 weeks (kg/h)

Mass load the last 81 weeks (kg/h)

Mass load the last 80 weeks (kg/h)

For each type of media device «» were planted with native vegetation with software 3 repetitions for each cleaning. Planted with greenery device «» with and red mud contained two groups reed marsh (Pennisetum http://alopecuroid.es), sorted out on the opposite corners, and woody shrubs horsetail (Equisetum arvense (Bouganville pachyphyllus) and Golden (Melaleuca thymifolia), sorted out on the remaining corners. Kamysh (Ficinia nodosa) was grown in the center. Cleaning K2 0 was duplicated without vegetation to compare its response with the same cleaning vegetation. Instead of P. alopecuroides other cleaning with OVO included two .apressa in opposite corners, .pachyphyllus grown in one corner, with M. thymifolia grown in the left corner, and F. nodosa, grown in the center. All devices «» were covered gravel depth of 2,5 see

It was also found that the system with well-established plants and long retention time can provide more than about 7 0% and even more than about 90% retention of the total nitrogen ((OA)(TN)) of storm water. The specified retention OA improves dense Seating plants, that is to retain nutrients.

Can be achieved repeated the results of the retention of nitrogen with holding more than about 70% and even more than about 90% of the dissolved nitrogen (NO x ) of storm water.

In figures 5A and 5b graphically presents the frequency distribution of intake and exhaust concentrations of NO x and OA for cleanings K20nv and K20 in the experiment. Data for other cleanings K10/40, K40, RM06 and RM10 coincide with the displayed data, so that they are omitted for clarity. Because cleaning K20nv eventually become ineffective, their data is not collected after the first 81 weeks.

OA-retention of stormwater, when the plants were mostly installed, is as high as 63% in limited OVO-TO-cleaning with the lowest retention of 43%, established in 30-. Compared with clearings with vegetation removal OA environment wasteland is less than 7%. NO x-hold is in the range from 72% to 45% in with vegetation, while cleaning without vegetation displays 72%. During the final run of the storm water OA-hold is in the range of 34% to 60%, whereas NO x-hold is in the range from 3% to 84%. NO x-hold-OA-hold unlimited cleaning are the lowest and are significantly lower than the corresponding adjustable cleaning, which is the most high. This confirms the impact of the hold time on the improvement of the N-hold. Unlike the shavings with vegetation OA and NO x displays cleaning without vegetation in the process runs storm water. Cumulative OA-hold clearings with vegetation significantly exceeds its estimated rate of consumption, N plants, which suggests that denitrification is also contributing to OA-uninstall .

As a further confirmation of previous observations on the figure 5A shows how to clean without vegetation always leached higher concentrations of NOx compared with , while NO x-hold with vegetation, is significant. NO x-hold clearings with vegetation is especially apparent when the concentrations below 1.5 mg/l in the process runs storm water, where the concentration of editions are close to the entry below. These trends suggest that the removal of the mass is usually a constant quantity, despite the inlet concentration. In this process, small inlet load is reduced proportionally more than the big loadings. These observations show that the cleaning occasionally able to rid concentration of NO x even below 0.1 mg/L.

Unlike the results for NO x on the figure 5b shows that OA is kept even cleanup without vegetation, although far less effective compared with clearings with vegetation. As noted in the case of NO x , cleaning with vegetation are better at inlet concentrations below 2.5 mg/l, but the reduction is not as great as was observed for NO x . However, the relative characteristics of OA-hold in high concentrations of pollution flow is better than that observed for N0X. This data suggests relatively uniform process of removing the weight, in which smaller intake load will be reduced proportionally more than the large intake load. These systems are capable of outputting concentration OA below 0.5 mg/L.

Table 3 presents the characteristics of N-hold developed cleanings.

Retention of nitrogen oxides and total nitrogen pollution stream: August 2008 - January 2009 (kg/ h, and the percentage of withholding intake pollution)

Nitrogen oxides

Total nitrogen

Consumption

K20

K10/40

K40

Red mud RM06

Red mud RM10

It was also found that N-retention is much less unstable in new OBO- with much less a factor of instability in permeability. Although permeability unlimited OBO-Knr-cleaning was not determined, as it always exceeds the maximum speed intake 40 cm/h, these are cleaning noticeably wealthy in terms of holding. These freely output purification output of more than 4 9% NO x and over 47% OA compared with the respective PSBS-K-cleanup.

As a further confirmation of previous observations on the figure 6A shows how unlimited OVO-Knr-cleaning almost always leached higher concentrations of NOx as compared with the relevant PSBS-K-cleanup. Figure 6b shows how unlimited OBO-Knr-cleaning almost always leached higher concentrations of OA compared with the respective PSBS-K-cleanup.

Normally, when you use up to 25% and 40% of volume of fine material medium saturated hydraulic conductivity of the medium 5 may exceed 20 inches per hour (508 mm/h) in with vegetation. These speeds were large for a material that has a high percentage content of fine material. It was found that the specified high speed, which may persist for a year and even more than two years or more, it shows a tendency for improvement in with vegetation, and when they're ready. On the contrary, cleaning without vegetation usually have less than half the speed and declining infiltration rate.

This provides a conclusion that the system of the present invention can purify a significant flow in a given time period, including Stoke even in case of high intensity rainfall.

System of the present invention are two stage editions to reduce the velocity of the flow and increase the retention time. Releases according to the present invention can align the effective flow rate, although still missing a significant flows without transfusion. The system also can increase the retention time during low flows.

N-hold one cleaning without regulation of production is considerably lower than in the corresponding regulated cleaning, showing how increased retention time, secured the release improves N-hold.

The results show that a significant retention of NO x and OA can occur even in a rapidly drained systems , and that the presence of vegetation significantly increases retention. As a result of consumption of vegetation and denitrification systems can also be obtained significant OA-hold. At concentrations of storm water NO x-hold is up to 95%, disconnecting at concentrations approaching the limits of experimental determination. OA-storm water retention in the previous with silica ranged from 66% to 80%.

Excretion with such a low average concentrations of 0.2 9 mg/l, implies a lower limit for the OA-concentrations of systems . The authors found confirmation that longer retention greatly improves retention as NO x , and OA, with the increase in deduction for the storm water to 80% and 48%, respectively.

Figure 7 shows the cumulative distribution of frequency setting P-retention of the shavings with ; and in figure 7(a) shows the cleaning without vegetation K20nv, as in figure 7(b) shows a cleanup with vegetation. The border between runs of the storm water and purlin flow shown as a curve at 0,8 0 mg/l, while desirable ecological criterion is shown as a curve at 0.05 mg/L. Cleaning K20nv is unable to meet the specified criteria in any run, while cleaning with with vegetation K20 able to meet the specified criteria in half runs storm water, and cleaning K10-40 is capable to meet the specified criteria almost in all runs the storm water. A reduction of at least 90% of pollution in all runs flow.

Figure 8 shows the cumulative distribution of the response frequency according to R-retain the shavings with red mud and vegetables, and figure 8(a) shows the cleaning with red mud, and figure 8(b) shows the purification of the PSBS. Cleaning with red mud able to meet the criterion of 0.05 mg/l in more than half the runs of storm water. A reduction of at least 90% of pollution in all runs flow. Cleaning with OVO able to meet the criterion of 0.05 mg/l in all runs the storm water. Cleaning 30 able to meet the specified criteria in more than half the runs of storm water. There is a decline of more than 98% of pollution in all runs flow. Table 4 summarizes the results of the experiments.

Environment in accordance with the variants of the invention continue to hold significant quantities of phosphorus even at low exhaust concentrations. Up to 92% and even up to 99% removal total dissolved phosphorus ((Russian Federation)(DP)) can be achieved in these systems, after a ten day and even loads of storm water.

As an example, after 8 0 weeks loading loads wastewater environment in accordance with the variant of the invention, may show of the Russian Federation-the withholding of wastewater over 88% and 99%.

The results also show that the P-hold environments without vegetation eventually becomes exhausted under full load. Improved environment slow specified inevitable R-saturation, but the vegetation may be desirable for both consumption and its impact with the increasing ability to absorb R. Even when inlet concentrations less than 0.40 mg/l, a significant P-hold storm water persists after loads of storm water in all of the tested environments. Environment do not show saturation in Q4 0 and vegetables with the lowest possible low concentration of 0.003 mg/l is even below the prom ultimate criterion for stormwater. This shows that the environment according to the present invention may lower P contents in storm water and waste water.

A downward trend in the R-retention, since R is accumulated and the environment becomes more intense. On the other hand, up to 99% of the total content of P is held in systems with the remnants of water treatment, and there is no tendency to a decrease in the retention characteristics in time.

These results indicate that these improvements will not only greatly improve R-hold systems , but also increase the service life of the systems. In addition, these improvements can be as inexpensive and widely available.

Hydraulic tests indicate that can be obtained hydraulic conductivity even with environments that contain a very high proportion of clay minerals. In some a wide interval conductivity between repetitions. To meet these changes, was developed innovative exhaust design to hold the threads with providing almost the same operation. This design is not only aligns flows in comparison with the systems of free unloading, it shows that the system response can be developed in accordance with the needs of development. In places where advanced cleanup provided increased retention, production can be designed accordingly. On the other hand, in conditions, where the systems are designed for filtration flow with high speed, releases may be designed to hold a small flows, although still with the clearing of large cases with the help of the media, to the avoidance of, thus, bypass flows. This greatly improves the retention of precipitation, metals, and oil and grease. In addition, when deposits accumulate on the surface and reduce the effective rate, releases may be adjusted to improve speeds. This capability adaptive management is an emerging trend in the development of the regulation of storm water.

As described above, the water treatment system to remove substances from the water flowing into the system, in accordance with the invention may contain water treatment section, has the sides, bottom _ and inlet. She could have at least one retention layer containing environment with composition designed to retain phosphorus, containing at least one of the remnants of water treatment, red mud, red gypsum and iron - or soil, water treatment section, and retention layer is to obtain water from the intake. The system may have a size of at least 36 ft 2 (32,4 m 2 ), the volume of waste treatment, at least 36 3 ft (1 m 3 ) both the depth of 1 foot (0.3 m)multiplied by the square of filtering layer, on the hour.

System according to the present invention may have a drainage layer under a layer of retention and should be designed and placed so that the water purified by a layer of retention, may be collected by a drainage system. The drainage system may be under the inlet and layer retention and drainage layer and can be designed and placed so that the treated water can flow from intake through a layer of retention in the drainage system. Drainage systems can be designed to direct the water that has passed through a layer of withholding out of the water treatment section.

The walls of the section of water purification can be essentially impermeable to water flow and the bottom is permeable for water flow of the section. The drainage system may contain a network of drainage pipes/tubes, at least one of which passes through and out of the section of water treatment and ends with a mechanism to control the flow. That mechanism could be designed and placed to automatically regulate the flow of water from the water treatment for different flow velocities in proportion to the pressure of water flowing through the filter layer. This can provide adaptive management control flux dynamics in response to changes in the environment, and/or infiltration rate of the soil, and/or changes required graduation criterion. The mechanism of regulation of stream can contain a pipe that receives water from the water in a liquid message, at least with the first and second outlet holes, and the second outlet is located at height above the height of the first outlet, so on the first pressure of the water will flow only from the lower outlet, but the second a high enough pressure water will flow from both outlets.

Thus, despite the fact that shown and described, and highlighted the new features of the variants of the present invention, it should be clear that various omissions and replacement and changes in the form and details of the considered invention can be made by experts in the field of technology without derogating from the essence of the invention.

Also it should be clear that the formula of the invention covers both the public and private incarnation of the described invention.

1. The water treatment system to remove substances from water, current in the system, containing at least one layer hold designed for provide the water current in the system, and retention layer contains the environment, with the composition designed to retain phosphorus containing residues of water purification; - drainage layer, which includes the drainage system under a layer of retention and retention layer and drainage layer designed and placed so that at least part of the water passing through the layer of the deduction will be taken as a drainage system; where a layer of deduction is effective for cleaning the volume of water equal to a depth of at least 24 inches (610 mm) of water passing through a layer hold for 24 hours, such water has the content phosphorus at least 0.30 mg/l, and the layer deduction is effective to reduce such concentration of phosphorus at least 90%.

2. The system of claim 1 in which the retention layer has a thickness of at least 12 inches (305 mm).

3. The system of claim 1, comprising water treatment section, has the sides, bottom, and input, in which a layer of retention and drainage layer are in this section.

4. The system of claim 3, in which the walls of the section of water treatment are essentially impermeable to water flow and the bottom is permeable for water flow of the section.

5. The system of claim 1 in which bottom is impenetrable for water flow through the bottom.

6. The system of claim 3, in which the drainage system maintains a network of drainage pipes, at least one of which passes through and out of the section of water treatment and ends with a mechanism to control the flow, designed and placed to automatically regulate the flow of water from the water treatment for different flow velocities in proportion to the pressure of water flowing through a layer of retention.

7. The system of claim 6, in which the mechanism of flow control contains a pipe that receives water from the water in a liquid message, at least with the first and second outlet holes, and the second outlet is located at height above the first outlet, so on the first pressure of the water will flow only from the lower outlet, and at the second sufficiently high pressure water will flow from both outlets.

8. The system of claim 1 in which the remains of water treatment are aged remains of water purification installation of water treatment.

9. The system of claim 3, containing an effective quantity of any type of plant, growing environments to facilitate the removal of nitrogen and/or phosphorus pollution of water springing up into sections.

10. The system of claim 1, containing aluminium or iron-containing residues of water treatment.

11. Method of water treatment containing molding retention layer containing environment with composition designed to retain phosphorus containing the remains of water treatment inlet guide flow of rain water or waste water, and this water is the content of phosphorus, at least 0.30 mg/l; the direction of the water retention layer and allowing the water to flow down through the filter layer with the reduction of the specified content of phosphorus, at least 90%.

12. The method according to claim 11, where rain water is directed in a layer of retention with cobbled streets.

13. The method according to claim 11, in which the water is sent on a layer of retention, which has an area of at least 36 ft 2 (32,4 m 2 ), and in which the volume of waste treatment is at least 36 3 ft (1 m 3 ) as the depth of 1 foot (0.3 m)multiplied by the size of the layer withheld, hour, and the water contains phosphorus and nitrogen, and retention layer contains the environment, with the composition designed to retain phosphorus, containing at least one of the remnants of the water treatment plant, red sludge, red plaster and/or iron or aluminium enriched soil, allowing water to pass through environment with a decrease in the concentration of phosphorus at least 90%.

14. The method according to item 13, in which the layer retention contains aluminum or iron-containing residues of water treatment.

15. Water treatment system, containing a layer of deduction, including the environment, with the composition designed to retain phosphorus containing residues of water purification; the drainage system that contains at least one drain pipe under a layer of deduction, where the drain pipe is designed and placed to divert water from the bottom of the drainage layer; and the drain pipe goes to the exhaust system, which has at least the first and second hole in a liquid message with a drainage pipe, and the second hole is located at a height above the first hole.

16. System on item 15, additionally contains a layer underneath the drainage pipe, which is essentially impermeable to water.

17. System on item 15, additionally contains a layer underneath the drainage pipe, which is essentially a water-permeable.

18. System on item 15, in which a layer of retention contains aluminum or iron-containing residues of water treatment.

19. System on item 15, in which the first hole is in a liquid message and at the remote end of the tunnel, and the height of the first hole can be selectively adjusted sample rotation of the pipe.

20. System in line with article 15, in which the second hole is in a liquid message and at the remote end of the tunnel, and the height of the second hole can be selectively adjusted in relation to the height of the first hole selective movement of the pipe.

21. System in line with article 15, in which the system contains a layer of soil and effective number and type of plants growing in the soil, to facilitate the removal of nitrogen and/or phosphorus pollution from water.

22. System on item 15, in which rain water is sent to the retention layer with cobbled streets.

23. Water treatment system, located in the existing site of the soil, for removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from the water, containing: surface intended for reception of water intended for processing, allowing water to flow through it; a layer of deduction, set for receipt of water flowing through the surface layer and retention is intended for removal of nitrogen and phosphorous containing nitrogen and phosphorus to the water flowing through a layer of deduction, where the retention layer contains aged remnants of water treatment plants for treatment of drinking water; drainage layer under a layer of deduction, where a layer of retention is designed to allow water to flow into the drainage layer.

24. System-23, which has a surface area of at least 36 ft 2 (32,4 m 2 ).

25. System 23 containing plant comes from a layer hold up through the surface.

26. System 23 in which the retention layer has a thickness of at least 12 inches (305 mm).

27. System 23 containing bottom that is impervious to water.

28. System 23 containing the bottom, if it is permeable to water.

29. System 23, containing or soil mulch layer hold.

30. System 23, containing drainage system, which includes at least one drainage pipe, designed and placed to tap water, which has passed through a layer of retention and drainage system includes a control unit for flow control, which regulates the flow through the drainage system based on adjusted the height of the specified block of relatively layer hold.