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Method of bit load control during lateral drilling

Method of bit load control during lateral drilling
IPC classes for russian patent Method of bit load control during lateral drilling (RU 2505671):
E21B44/00 - Automatic control; Surveying or testing
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/ 2244117
/ 2250342
/ 2254431
/ 2263779
/ 2265719
/ 2285119
/ 2291293
/ 2296218
/ 2298080
/ 2301319

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: following equipment is installed preliminary: a) uncontrolled acoustic rejection filter in injection line in order to suppress interfering noises in wash liquid which are generated by drill pump; b) controlled acoustic rejection filter - rotational velocity sensor for hydroturbine motor shaft in order to carry out amplitude modulation of total sound, sound generated by rotor blades at hydroturbine motor shaft and sound generated by bit blows against rock to wash liquid filling drill-rod string; c) hydrophone with measurement tools between gooseneck in-built into swivel and drill hose. Turbine motor with bit at butt-end of drill-rod string is landed to the well with subsequent stop at distance of 10-20 metres from the bottom in order to measure rotational velocity of turbine motor shaft under no-load conditions. Drill pump is switched on to deliver wash liquid through drill-rod string to turbine motor for the purpose of rotor blades rotation. At that rotation of rotor blades generates sound in wash liquid. Then receipt is made by hydrophone from wash liquid by modulated controlled acoustic rejection filter - rotational velocity sensor for turbine motor shaft against noise amplitude proportional to rotational frequency of hydroturbine motor under no-load conditions in the band of suppressed interfering noise generated by drill pump, uncontrolled acoustic rejection filter. At that measurement devices convert processed audio information about rotational velocity of hydroturbine motor under no-load conditions in order to plot actual full-load characteristic by shifting plant characteristic in order to select optimal bit load at actual load characteristic of hydroturbine motor less friction of drill-rod string against walls of the horizontal well at minimum energy of sound propagated in the drill-rod string in wash liquid for this oil-reservoir horizon according to the work order specified by geologists. Then by means of set of discreet point actual load characteristic is plotted against simultaneous data - bit load and rotational frequency of hydroturbine motor shaft under no-load conditions before its stoppage, for example, at five tons. Then lateral drilling is made in optimal bit load mode shifted from plant load characteristic specified in the work order. In case of deviation of lateral drilling from the optimal mode demonstrating increase of sound energy from two sources bit load is regulated by change of load to a lesser or bigger value according to actual load characteristic of hydroturbine motor considering minimum energy of sound propagated in wash liquid from two sound sources - sound generated by turbine blades and sound generated by bit teeth blows to wash liquid filling the drill-rod string.

EFFECT: development of method for bit load regulation during lateral drilling against actual load characteristic of hydroturbine motor plotted against simultaneous data received in drilling process about rotational velocity and bit load.

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The invention relates to the oil industry, in particular to control operating parameters with the subsequent control of turbodrill for drilling directional and horizontal wells.

There is a method of forming an axial load on the bit, based on the loading of the bit, creating a downhole hydraulic pulses and fixing them at the wellhead, which are forming axial load (USSR Author's certificate No. 1265295, EV 45/00, 1986).

The disadvantage of this method is of low reliability, as used in their implementation parameters - the frequency of vibration of the drill string and the amplitude of the hydraulic pulse is dependent on a number of different random reasons not related to drilling modes (beat, uneven operation of the pumps and so on).

The closest way to the technical nature of the load control bit can be considered a way (Khmara GA, Savinykh Y.A. Control weight on bit information aim the sound at the turbine drilling. New information technologies in the oil and gas industry and education [Text]: proceedings of the IV all-Russian scientific-technical conference with international participation; edited Ongsakul. Tyumen: TSOGU, 2010. - P.119-122)based on the interference suppression in the total spectrum of the response generated by the drilling pump) in the form of a strip h is the frequency of using unmanaged terrestrial transducer notch filter, posted in manifolding line) and transmission in the suppressed frequency band energy of sound vibrations amplitudes of the sound (the energy change for the destruction of rocks and passed through the drill column) corresponding to the change of load on the bit.

The disadvantage of this method is that the effective loading on the bit prevents friction of the drill string against the borehole wall. With increasing length of the horizontal wellbore and Zenith angle of the inclined shaft, these forces increase.

Serial turbo-drills and chisels to work with a high degree of non-uniformity of rotation of 30-80%, reducing their efficiency. While maintaining the weight on the hook a constant deviation of the speed of rotation of the bit from the mean is ±70÷190 rpm Degree of non-uniformity of rotation of the shaft of the turbo-drill increases with the depth of the well and during the transition to drilling using mud [Balitsky PV Interaction of the drill string from the borehole bottom. - M.: Nedra, 1975. - C-23].

The drilling process is carried out on a load characteristic of a turbodrill according to geological-technological outfit. However, information about the axial load on the bit is determined to control the weight of the drilling tool type GIV-6. The error is at 40-50%, which is confirmed by measurements (Alexan the moat MM Resistance forces during movement of the pipe in the well. - Nedra, 1978. - 208 S.).

To build the load characteristics of the turbodrill is no information about the frequency of rotation of the bit, which also complicates the management of the drilling process.

The task is to develop method for controlling the weight on bit while drilling horizontal wells on the actual load characteristics of the turbodrill, based on the information obtained during drilling simultaneously on the rotational speed and the load on the bit.

The technical result is achieved by a method for controlling weight on bit while drilling horizontal wells, equipped with drilling pump, discharge line, flushing fluid, drilling hose, swivel, gander, drillstring, the turbo-drill, a chisel, a hydrophone with measuring equipment, namely, that the pre-post:

a) unmanaged acoustic notch filter in the discharge line for suppression of acoustic noise in the drilling fluid, sound noise generated by the drilling pump,

b) controlled acoustic notch filter speed sensor shaft of the turbo-drill - for the implementation of amplitude modulation of the total sound, the sound generated by the rotor blades, placed on the shaft of the turbo-drill, and the sound generated by blows to the PTA about rock into mud, filling a drill string,

C) hydrophone with instruments between gander, built-in swivel and drilling hose,

characterized in that make the descent into the well of the turbo-drill with a chisel, placed on the end of the drill string, followed by a stop at a distance of 10-20 meters from the bottom, to measure the shaft speed of the mud motor idling,

include mud pump for supplying drilling fluid through the drill string in the mud motor for effecting rotation of the rotor blades,

thus the rotation of the rotor blades produces a sound generation in the washing liquid,

then admit the hydrophone from the flushing fluid modulated, controlled acoustic notch filter sensor shaft speed of the mud motor, the amplitude of the sound is proportional to the shaft speed of the mud motor in idle mode, in-band suppressed audible noise generated by the drilling pump, unmanaged acoustic notch filter,

in this measuring apparatus converts the processed audio information to the shaft speed of the mud motor idling to build the actual load characteristics by shifting the factory specifications for optimum weight on bit on the actual load ha is acteristic turbodrill without taking into account the friction of the drill string wall horizontal wells on the minimal energy of sound propagating in a drill string for drilling fluid for a given horizon oil reservoir, according to geological and technological outfit, given by geologists,

then carried out through a set of discrete points build the actual load characteristics of simultaneous information - bit load and rotational speed of the shaft of the turbo-drill from the idle mode to the stop mode of the turbodrill, for example, five tons,

then the drilling of horizontal wells produce at optimal load on the chisel on the actual load characteristics carried over from the factory load characteristics specified geotechnical dress,

then, when the deviation of the drilling horizontal wells from the optimal mode, showing the increase in the energy of sound from two sources, generate the load control bit by changing up or down load actual load characteristics of the turbodrill subject to the minimum energy of sound propagating through the wash fluid from the two sound sources.

Comparative analysis of the prototype shows that the inventive method for drilling a horizontal well data on the load and the frequency of rotation of the bit shall be implemented by discrete sound is on (discrete - the scattering of sound waves propagating along the drill string, perform a controlled acoustic notch filter, rigidly connected shaft mud motor), published by the bit and the mud motor, on the basis of data transmitted build the actual load characteristics, which are compared to the known and the difference correcting parameter load on the bit for regulation up or down.

Thus, the present invention conforms to the criterion "novelty".

A comparison of the claimed solutions with other technical solutions shows that the control of axial load on the chisel on the efficiency of the drilling is carried out by measuring the integral of the energy level of the sound waves drill bit and the mud motor in the suppressed frequency band of terrestrial acoustic notch filter placed in the discharge line of mud pump, is known (Khmara GA, Savinykh Y.A. Control weight on bit information aim the sound at the turbine drilling. New information technologies in the oil and gas industry and education [Text]: proceedings of the IV all-Russian scientific-technical conference with international participation; edited Ongsakul. Tyumen: TSOGU, 2010. - 119-122).

However, it is known that when drilling horizontal wells can simultaneously transmit two modal parameter in the range of p is Glodeni frequencies, terrestrial acoustic notch filter, axial load band spectrum of low frequencies, and the frequency of rotation of the bit by the lack of spectrum band upper frequency (discrete carry out a controlled acoustic notch filter, rigidly connected shaft mud motor), to match the factory load characteristic with actual and difference characteristics to adjust the parameter load regulation up or down.

Thus, the present invention meets the criterion of "inventive step".

Figure 1 shows the flow chart of drilling horizontal wells with RPD. Information about the frequency of rotation of the shaft of the turbo-drill and WOB (without friction of the drill string, lying in a horizontal well) are transmitted simultaneously amplitude modulated total sound energy sound energy generated by the rotating rotor blades of the turbo-drill, and sound energy generated by the shock of the bit when breaking rocks.

Figure 2 shows the layout of the turbodrill in the well above the bottom to build the actual load characteristics in idle mode.

Figure 3 shows the scheme of drilling wells in the load mode bit less than the optimal load. The energy of impact sound from a bit at times is Uchenie rocks are transmitted by the drilling fluid as additional energy to sound energy of sound generated by the rotor blades of the turbo-drill.

Figure 4 shows a diagram of a drilling mode, the optimum weight on bit. The energy impact of sound - maximum from bits transmitted in the rock.

Figure 5 shows a diagram of a drilling mode, the load on the bit, more than optimal.

Figure 6 shows the factory default and actual load characteristics of the turbo-drill, explaining the regulation of the optimum weight on bit rejecting it bigger or smaller side.

Figure 1 shows: 1 - mud pump, 2 - injection line, 3 - sound generated by the drilling pump propagating along the wash liquid in the discharge line, 4 - drilling hose, 5 - gander, 6 - swivel, 7 - supply regulator bit (RPD), 8 - drill column, 9 - sound generated by the rotary blade of the turbo-drill, propagating along the flushing fluid filling the drill string, 10 - turbodrill, 11 - bit, 12 - hole, 13 - sound propagation in the rock in the process of interaction of the bit with borehole bottom, 14 - unmanaged acoustic notch filter (NRF), placed in the discharge line, to suppress the bands (interference) in the spectrum of frequencies generated by the drilling pump, 15 - sound propagation in drilling fluid with a suppressed frequency band (disturbance) in the range of the, generated by the drilling pump, surface acoustic notch filter (NRF), placed in the discharge line, 16 - instrumentation, 17 - hydrophone, 18 - distribution of amplitude modulated sound controlled acoustic notch filter (WHARF) for washing liquid, 19 - driven acoustic notch filter (WHARF), (shaft revolutions sensor turbodrill placed on the end of the shaft of the turbo-drill).

Figure 2 shows: 8 - drill column, 9 - sound generated by the rotary blade of the turbo-drill, propagating along the flushing fluid filling the drill string, 10 - turbodrill, 11 - bit, 12 - hole, the 19th - driven acoustic notch filter (WHARF), (shaft revolutions sensor turbodrill placed on the end of the shaft of the turbo-drill).

Figure 3 shows: 8 - drill column, 9 - sound generated by the rotary blade of the turbo-drill, propagating along the flushing fluid filling the drill string, 10 - turbodrill, 11 - bit, 12 - hole, the 19th - driven acoustic notch filter (WHARF), (shaft revolutions sensor turbodrill placed on the end of the shaft of the turbo-drill), 20 - contact of the bit with the rock at a minimum load on the bit, 21 - minimum energy shock sound generated by the bit in the process of rock failure propagation in rock, 22-energy shock sound (additional to the sound, generated by the rotor blades of the turbo-drill), generated by the bit in the process of rock failure, with minimal load on the bit.

Figure 4 shows: 8 - drill column, 9 - sound generated by the rotary blade of the turbo-drill, propagating along the flushing fluid filling the drill string, 10 - turbodrill, 11 - bit, 12 - hole, the 19th - driven acoustic notch filter (WHARF), (shaft revolutions sensor turbodrill placed on the end of the shaft of the turbo-drill), 23 - contact of the bit with the rock at the optimum weight on bit, 24 - maximum energy shock sound generated by the bit in the process of rock failure propagation in the rock.

Figure 5 shows: 8 - drill column, 9 - sound generated by the rotary blade of the turbo-drill, propagating along the flushing fluid filling the drill string, 10 - turbodrill, 11 - bit, 12 - hole, the 19th - driven acoustic notch filter (WHARF), (shaft revolutions sensor turbodrill placed on the end of the shaft of the turbo-drill), 25 - contact of the bit with the rock at maximum load on the bit, 26 - minimum energy shock sound generated by the bit in the process of rock failure propagation in rock, 27 - energy shock sound (the sound generated by the rotor is suspended by the blades of the turbo-drill), generated by the bit in the process of rock failure under maximum load on the bit.

Figure 6 shows: 28 - factory-load characteristic of the turbodrill. Point n(C,XX) on the axis of ordinates shows the idling mode of the turbodrill, where n is the rotational speed of the shaft of the turbo-drill, C - factory load characteristic of the twentieth - idling, 29 - point built on the factory load characteristic by the intersection of the two informations: the optimum weight on bit G(op,s), built on the x-axis, and the optimal rotation speed of the turbo-drill n(op,s), built on the y axis, where G is the weight on bit (set by geologists, according to geological and technological outfit), n - frequency of rotation of the shaft of the turbo-drill, op - optimal, C - factory load characteristic of the turbo-drill, a 30 - actual load characteristics of the turbodrill. Point n(f,XX) on the axis of ordinates shows the idling mode of the turbodrill, where n is the shaft speed of the mud motor, f is the actual load characteristic of the twentieth - idling, 31 - reject the load on the bit obtained by simultaneous information - frequency of rotation of the shaft of the turbo-drill and WOB (without taking into account the friction of the drill string in the borehole), to the lower side from the optimal value, 32 - optimum weight on bit. The point is built on the actual load x is racteristic by the intersection of the two informations: the optimum weight on bit G(op,f), built on the x-axis, and the optimal rotation speed of the turbo-drill n(op,f), constructed on the y axis, where G is the weight on bit (set by geologists, according to geological and technological outfit on the factory load characteristic of the turbo-drill), n is the rotational speed of the shaft of the turbo-drill, op - optimal, f - actual load characteristics of the turbodrill, 33 - reject the load on the bit obtained by simultaneous information - frequency of rotation of the shaft of the turbo-drill and WOB (without taking into account the friction of the drill string in the borehole), in a big way from the optimal value.

An example of the method.

The first operation.

Post unmanaged acoustic notch filter 14 (1) in the discharge line 2 (figure 1) to suppress the washing liquid (not shown) sounds (not shown)generated by the drilling pump 1 (Fig 1).

The second operation.

Place controlled acoustic notch 19 (Fig 1) is the speed sensor on the shaft of the turbo-drill 10 (figure 1) to perform amplitude modulation of the total sound of the sound generated by the rotor blades, placed on the shaft of the turbo-drill 10 (1), and the sound generated by the blows of the drill bit 11 (figure 1) on the bottom of the borehole 12 (1) rocks in the wash liquid.

The third operation.

Place the hydrophone 17 (1) of ericales equipment 16 (Fig 1) between gander 5 (1), posted on the swivel 6 (1), and drilling hose 4 (figure 1) for the implementation of the reception of the information - load on the bit 11 (1) and shaft speed of the mud motor 10 (Fig 1).

The fourth operation.

Make the descent into the well turbodrill 10 (figure 2) with built-controlled acoustic notch filter 19 (2) sensor shaft speed of the mud motor 10 (figure 2) and bit 11 (2), placed at the end of the drill string 8 (figure 2), followed by a stop at a distance of 10-20 meters from the borehole bottom 12 (2), for measuring the rotation speed of the turbo-drill 10 (2) in idle mode to build the actual load characteristics 30 (6).

The fifth operation.

Include mud pump 1 (Fig 1) for supplying drilling fluid through the drill string 8 (1) in the mud motor 10 (Fig 1) to effect the rotation of the rotor blades shaft mud motor 10 (Fig 1).

The sixth operation.

Carry out reception of sound, amplitude modulated, controlled acoustic notch filter 19 (2) sensor shaft speed of the mud motor 10 (2), the hydrophone 17 (1) of the drilling fluid in an idle mode, in-band suppressed audible noise generated by the drilling pump 1 (Fig 1), unmanaged acoustic notch filter 14 (Fig 1).

The seventh operation.

Carry out the construction of the actual load which features 30 (6) simultaneous information - the weight on bit 11 (figure 4) and the shaft speed of the mud motor 10 (figure 4) from the idle mode to the stop mode turbodrill 10 (figure 4) through a set of discrete points, for example, five tons. Then the optimal weight on bit 11 (figure 4) factory load characteristics 28 (6) of the turbodrill 10 (figure 4) is transferred to the actual load characteristics 30 (6) for the implementation of drilling wells.

The eighth operation.

Carry out the drilling of horizontal wells in the optimal load (power on bit 11 (figure 4) actual load characteristics 30 (6), moved with factory load characteristics 28 (6), given geotechnical outfit in point 32 (6) with the optimum bit load G(f) (6) and the frequency of rotation of the shaft of the turbo-drill n(f) (6)), but:

- in case of rejection of the load on the bit in the smaller side from the optimal load 32 (6), for example obtained point 31 (6) on the actual load characteristics 30 (6) (information received modulated in amplitude to the total sound generated by the rotary blades of the turbo-drill and impact sound from bit 11 (3) in contact with the face 12 (Fig 3) wells, for example, built point 31 (6)), produce the regulation (amendment) weight on bit 11 (figure 3) with the control moved the I point 31 (6 in accordance with the actual load characteristics 30 (6) to align it with the point 32 (6), showing that the energy of the percussion sound 22 (6) (additional sound generated by the rotary blade of the turbo-drill), generated by the bit 11 (3) in the fracture process of rock at the contact 20 (Fig 3) with bottom 12 (Fig 3), appears in the drill string, i.e. the total sound level increased (22+9, where the 22 - position, showing the propagation of a shock sound from the shock of the bit on the bottom, 9 - position, showing the propagation of sound from the rotary blade of the turbo-drill),

- in case of rejection of the load bit in a big way from the optimal load 32 (6), for example obtained point 33 (6) on the actual load characteristics 30 (6) (information received modulated in amplitude to the total sound generated by the rotary blades of the turbo-drill and impact sound from bit 11 (figure 5) in contact with the face 12 (5) wells, for example, built point 33 (6)), produce the regulation (amendment) weight on bit 11 (figure 5) with motion control point 33 (6) actual load characteristic 33 (6) to align it with the point 32 (6), showing that the energy of the percussion sound 27 (6) (additional sound generated by the rotary blade of the turbo-drill), generated by the bit 11 (figure 5) in the process of rock failure, when the contact 20 (figure 5) with the bottom of the borehole 12(5), appears in the drill string, i.e. the total sound level increased (27+9, where the 27 - position, showing the propagation of a shock sound from the shock of the bit on the bottom, 9 - position, showing the propagation of sound from the rotary blade of the turbo-drill).

Method for controlling weight on bit while drilling horizontal wells, equipped with drilling pump, discharge line, flushing fluid, drilling hose, swivel, gander, drillstring, the turbo-drill, a chisel, a hydrophone with measuring equipment, namely, that the pre-post:
a) unmanaged acoustic notch filter in the discharge line for suppression of acoustic noise in the drilling fluid, sound noise generated by the drilling pump
b) controlled acoustic notch filter speed sensor shaft of the turbo-drill for the implementation of amplitude modulation of the total sound, the sound generated by the rotor blades, placed on the shaft of the turbo-drill, and the sound generated by the blows bits of rock into mud filling the drill string,
C) hydrophone with instruments between gander, built-in swivel and drilling hose,
characterized in that make the descent into the well of the turbo-drill with a chisel, placed on the end of the drill string, the subsequent stop at a distance of 10-20 meters from the bottom, to measure the shaft speed of the mud motor in idle mode,
include mud pump for supplying drilling fluid through the drill string in the mud motor for effecting rotation of the rotor blades,
thus the rotation of the rotor blades produces a sound generation in the washing liquid,
then admit the hydrophone from the flushing fluid modulated, controlled acoustic notch filter sensor shaft speed of the mud motor, the amplitude of the sound is proportional to the shaft speed of the mud motor in idle mode, in-band suppressed audible noise generated by the drilling pump, unmanaged acoustic notch filter,
in this measuring apparatus converts the processed audio information to the shaft speed of the mud motor idling to build the actual load characteristics by shifting the factory specifications for optimum weight on bit on the actual load characteristic of the turbo-drill without taking into account the friction of the drill string wall horizontal wells on the minimal energy of a sound propagating in a drill string for drilling fluid for a given horizon oil reservoir, according to geological and technological outfit, given by geologists,
then carried the t through a set of discrete points build the actual load characteristics of simultaneous information - the bit load and rotational speed of the shaft of the turbo-drill from the idle mode to the stop mode of the turbodrill, for example, five tons,
then the drilling of horizontal wells produce at optimal load on the chisel on the actual load characteristics carried over from the factory load characteristics specified geotechnical outfit
then, when the deviation of the drilling horizontal wells from the optimal mode, showing the increase in the energy of sound from two sources, generate the load control bit by changing up or down load actual load characteristics of the turbodrill subject to the minimum energy of sound propagating through the wash fluid from the two sound sources of the sound generated by the turbine blades, and the sound generated by the blows of the teeth bit into mud filling the drill string.

 

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