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IPC classes for russian patent Polymer dispersion (RU 2495053):
Method for production of bleached cellulose material, method for prevention of yellowing and loss of whiteness in bleached craft-cellulose in storage and method for production of paper goods / 2387751
Methods refer to manufacturing of bleached cellulose material, prevention of yellowing and loss of whiteness in bleached craft-cellulose, and manufacturing of paper goods. In process of bleached cellulose material manufacturing, bleached craft-cellulose is produced and exposed to contact with sufficient amount of more or several reducing agents. Additionally bleached craft-cellulose is exposed to contact with one or several optical bleach, with one or more chelating agent. Method for prevention of yellowing and loss of whiteness of bleached craft-cellulose in storage includes addition of efficient amount of one or more reducing agent into bleached cellulose and possibly one or more chelating agent, one or more polycarboxylate or their combinations. Method for production of paper goods includes production of bleached craft-cellulose, formation of initial water suspension from it, water drainage with formation of sheet and sheet drying. Besides efficient amount of one or more reducing agent is added into bleached craft-cellulose, initial suspension or sheet. Additionally one or more chelating agent is added there, one or more optical bleach, one or more polycarboxylate, or their combination.
 Method of preparation of paper pulp / 2130987
 A method of manufacturing paper pulp / 2130986
 Sheet of absorbent fibrous material / 2129182
The invention relates to the production of a composite fiber material having a high hydrophilic properties and intended for use in various fields of national economy in the manufacture of products to which the requirements of high sorption capacity, capillary transport and filtration properties
 Absorbent napkin / 2129181
 Method of obtaining cross-linked hydrophilic polymer demonstrating properties of superabsorbent / 2467017
Method of obtaining cross-linked hydrophilic polymer, demonstrating properties of superabsorbent, includes radical polymerization of acryl monomer in water medium in presence of oxidation-reduction initiating system, as acryl monomer used is N,N-dimethylacrylamide or its mixture with hydrophilic uncharged and/or ionogenic acryl monomer, polymerisation is carried out in frozen water medium, for which purpose initial solution of reagents is frozen and kept at -5…-40°C for 4…24 h, after which frozen system is thawed out, target product is separated and dried by known methods.
 Non-formaldehyde containing emulsion polymer dispersed composition, containing completely hydrolysed polyvinyl alcohol, used as colloidal stabiliser for enhancing thermal stability / 2444535
Disclosed is use of (meth)acrylic acid amide(s) as a comonomer (comonomers) (b), meant for enhancing thermal stability using non-formaldehyde containing aqueous dispersion of a polymer obtained via emulsion copolymerisation of at least the following components: (a) vinyl ester monomer (monomers) and (b) a comonomer (comonomers) containing said amide derivatives of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, in the presence of at least (c) a completely hydrolysed polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), the average degree of hydrolysis of which is more than 95.00 mol %, wherein polymerisation does not include comonomers which are amide derivatives of N-alkylol(meth)acrylic acid, and thermal stability of the adhesive compound which is measured in form of a WATT 91 value in accordance with DIN EN 14257 is higher than that of samples obtained without using amide derivatives (b) of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid. The invention also discloses a non-formaldehyde containing polymer dispersion and a method of preparing said dispersion using (meth)acrylic acid amides, as well as a binder composition containing said aqueous polymer dispersion.
 Polymers obtained via polymerisation under effect of nitroxy radicals / 2425057
Invention relates to a polymer of formula (I): In-[(A)x-(B)y-( A')x-(E)z]n, obtained via controlled free-radical polymerisation using nitroxyl radicals with excess acrylate. In is a fragment of an initiator. A and A' are identical or different monomers selected from a group comprising methylacrylate, ethylacrylate, ethylhexylacrylate, propylacrylate, cyclohexylacrylate, hydroxyethylacrylate, n-butylacrylate, styrene and vinylpyridine. The amount of unsubstituted C1-C22 alkyl acrylic esters and/or C1-C22 alkyl methacrylic esters is more than 30 wt %. B is propargylacrylate. E is a group containing at least one stable nitroxyl free radical.
 Cation-active and amphoteric polymers used as additives in paper production and method of producing said polymers / 2404199
Invention relates to cation-active or amphoteric polymers used as additives in paper production to improve efficiency of gluing paper products, methods of production and use of additives.
Method of preparing polymer dispersion and polymer dispersion / 2394841
Group of inventions relates to technology of preparing a dispersion of a water-soluble polymer which can be used as a retention and dehydrating additive during production of paper, as an additive which increases strength of paper in dry state, as a thickener in chemical, biotechnological, pharmaceutical or cosmetic industry or as a soil-improving additive. The method of preparing a dispersion of a water-soluble polymer involves polymerisation of one or more water-soluble anionic monomers and one or more non-ionic vinyl monomers present in a reaction mixture which is an aqueous medium which additionally contains a polymer stabiliser (B) and a polymer co-stabiliser (C). Disclosed also is a polymer dispersion composition and a method of making paper using the said dispersion.
 Paper making method / 2384661
Method relates to paper production and can be used in pulp-and-paper industry. Method involves the use of cellulose suspension from cellulose fibres and fillers (optional), dehydration of cellulose suspension on grid or sieve so that a sheet can be formed. Then the sheet is dried. In this method there used is polymeric addition which includes ethylenically unsaturated monomer soluble in water or potentially soluble in water, and ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a reactive group. The latter represents an epoxy group. The polymeric addition used has molar weight which is less than one million. Polymer is obtained from mixture of monomers, which includes acrylamide and glycidyl methacrylate. Thus, the obtained polymer is used as an addition for increase of paper durability in dry condition, in wet condition, as reagent for internal paper sizing and for surface sizing.
Method of preparing glucose-sensitive polymer hydrogels / 2381238
Invention relates to chemistry of polymers, biochemistry and medicine, and specifically to a method of preparing glucose-sensitive polymer hydrogels used as carriers for controlled secretion of insulin. The glucose-sensitive polymer hydrogels are obtained from reaction of a glucose derivative with concanavalin A. The reaction is carried out through copolymerisation in an aqueous solution under the effect of a redox initiator of 0.1-2.0 wt % N-(2-D-glucose)acrylamide, 1-5 wt % acrylamide and 0.01-0.075 wt % N,N-methylenebisacrylamide in the presence of 5-20 wt % concanavalin A.
 Cationic polymer dispersions, method of producing said dispersions and use therof / 2371454
Present invention relates to water-in-water cationic polymer dispersions. A water-in-water polymer dispersion is described, containing cationic polymer A and at least one dispersant B, characterised by that, the said polymer A is formed from: a1) 1 to 60 wt % of cationic monomers of the type of cationised dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates and a2) 40 to 99 wt % of nonionic monomers, and that said polymeric cationic dispersant B is formed from 100 wt % of cationised dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamides and has average molecular weight Mw from 75000 to 350000 g/mol. Also described is a method of producing said water-in-water polymer dispersions from cationic polymer A and at least one polymeric cationic dispersant B, characterised by that, in the polymerisation reactor, aqueous solution of the polymeric cationic dispersant B with average molecular weight from 75000 to 350000 g/mol is synthesised from 100 wt % cationised dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamides, and a monomer mixture a1) 1 to 60 wt % cationised dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates and a2) 40 to 99 wt % of nonionic monomers, which are combined, with addition of free-radical initiators, and free-radical polymerisation of the monomer mixture is carried out. Also described is use of said water-in-water polymer dispersion as a flocculant in precipitation of solids, preferably in water and treatment of water or waste water purification, in extraction of raw materials, preferably coal, aluminium or petroleum, or as demulsifier in the separation of aqueous mixtures containing oil and/or fat, as a preservative and dehydrating agent in paper production, as thickener, as well as an additive in phytosantitary reagent, optionally together with other biologically active substances as an additive in anti-erosion reagent.
Water-soluble powdered cation-agent polymer compound, method of production and application / 2352590
There is disclosed water-soluble powdered cation-agent polymer compound containing at least two cationic polymers differing by cationic types with the first cationic polymer made of composing monomers by radical polymerisation in aqueous solution with the second cationic polymer added. The first cationic polymer is polymerised in an aqueous solution of the second cationic polymer by adiabatic gels-polymerisation. Ratio of the second cationic polymer to the first cationic polymer is 0.01:10 to 1:4. Additionally there is disclosed method of producing this polymeric compound applied as an auxiliary flocculative agent in solid/liquid separation.
Method for producing biosoluble copolymers of acrylamide, vinylpyrrolidone and alkylacrylate / 2352589
Invention refers to method for producing biosoluble copolymers of medical acrylamide, vinylpyrrolidone and alkylacrylate to be used for eye medicated film manufacturing. Method consists in radical copolymerisation of acrylamide, vinylpyrrolidone and alkylacrylate in ratio as follows, wt %: acrylamide 50-70, vinylpyrrolidone 15-25, alkylacrylate 15-25. Method includes the procedures as follows. At first water, initiator, acrylamide, vinylpyrrolidone are charged in amount 70-90 % of total vinylpyrrolidone volume. The mixture is heated up to temperature 70-90°C and within 0.5-1 hours stirred vinylpyrrolidone mixture in amount 10-30 wt % of total vinylpyrrolidone, initiator and alkylacrylate volume is ntroduced. Total monomer concentration in the reaction mixture is 5-30 wt %. Within 2-3 hours the mixture is exposed to the specified temperature. Hydrogen peroxide is added in amount 0.1 to 2 wt % of total monomer weight with additional stirring at polymerisation temperature within 1-3 hours. Further the reaction mass is cooled to temperature 30-45°C. Acetone is added to form coacervate copolymer solution. Mixed water - acetone are decanted. Chloroform is added in volumetric ratio coacervate solution - chloroform 1:0.5 to 1:2, and stirred. After that chloroform is separated, water is added to copolymer concentration 10-35 wt %. While stirring acetone is added in volumetric ratio solution - acetone 1:2 to 1:4. Then sediment is filtered, and copolymer is dried at temperature 80-100°C within 2-6 hours.
Packed composition containing compound subjected to exothermic decomposition / 2495052
Invention relates to a packed composition, a method of storing and/or transporting a mixture containing a compound which is subjected to exothermic decomposition, a method of producing a polymer and a method of modifying a (co)polymer. The packed composition contains a compound which is subjected to exothermic decomposition, and additionally one or more organic diluents, said mixture being packed in a container with a volume of at least 250 litres, which is fitted with a gas outlet opening and is made from thermoplastic material having Vicat softening point measured by a standard ASTM D1525-00 method not higher than (a) the deviation of the temperature of the compound subjected to exothermic decomposition, which is defined as self-acceleration decomposition temperature (SADT) of plus 40°C, which is measured using UN NA test, if the mixture does not contain any diluents, or (b) boiling point of at least 50 wt % of the total weight of the diluent, if the mixture contains an organic diluent.
Polymerisation method / 2494111
Invention relates to a polymerisation method and particularly to a method for copolymerisation of ethylene with higher α-olefins. Described is a method for copolymerisation of ethylene and an α-olefin comonomer containing 7-10 carbon atoms in a fluidised bed gas-phase reactor. Copolymerisation takes place in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst with multiple polymerisation centres. Said method is carried out in condensed mode. The amount of said α-olefin is kept less than the amount where considerable condensation occurs in the reactor. At least one of the following conditions is also used: a) the catalyst has 1-octene absorption rate of at least 700; b) polymerisation is carried out in the presence of an activator.
Method of producing polymer beads of uniform size / 2494110
Present invention relates to a method of producing beads having a uniform particle size distribution. Described is a method of producing monodisperse cross-linked polymer beads, comprising the following steps: (a) introducing droplets having a harmonic mean size from 50 to 1500 mcm and comprising at least one monomer, at least one cross-linking agent and a free-radical polymerisation initiator into an aqueous medium through openings in a moulding column to produce an aqueous suspension of droplets having a volume fraction of droplets from 35 to 64%; wherein the droplets are not encapsulated; wherein the monomers are selected from a group comprising monoethylene unsaturated compounds and polyethylene unsaturated compounds, monoethylene unsaturated monomers are selected from a group comprising (meth)acrylic acids and esters thereof, methyl-substituted styrenes, vinyl pyridines and vinyl esters, ethers and ketones; (b) forcing the aqueous suspension of droplets to move down a pipe such that: (I) the ratio of droplet harmonic mean size to inside pipe diameter is from 0.001 to 0.035; (II) mean linear flow velocity in the pipe is from 0.5 to 2.5 ft/s (0.15 to 0.75 m/s); and (III) temperature in the pipe is maintained at least 20°C below the temperature at which the polymerisation initiator has a half-life of 1 hour; wherein the droplets are forced up the moulding column, and the redirected down into the pipe, with subsequent redirection up into a reactor; and (c) polymerising the droplets in the reactor.
 Method of cleaning distribution of tray in reactor system with fluidised bed / 2493904
Invention relates to cleaning of distribution tray in polymerisation reactor system with fluidised bed. One of proposed versions comprises: first mode wherein cleaning is performed at approximately normal base magnitude of reduced rate of gas in polymerisation reactor system with fluidised bed. Said system comprises reactor vessel, circulation circuit and distribution tray arranged in said vessel nearby its inlet. In second mode, gas reduced rate is increased to magnitudes exceeding said base magnitude in aforesaid first mode to the level sufficient for increasing circulating gas temperature at inlet to temperatures higher than circulating gas mean temperature at inlet in aforesaid first mode and to the level sufficient for displacement of dirt from distribution tray holes.
 Polyethylene compositions / 2493182
Composition contains a high-molecular weight polyethylene component and a low-molecular weight polyethylene component, and has density of 0.940 g/cm3 or higher and melt strength of 18 cN or higher. The ratio of the weight-average molecular weight of the high-molecular weight component to the weight-average molecular weight of the low-molecular weight component in the composition is greater than 15:1 and less than 28:1, the high- and low-molecular weight polyethylene components being formed by polymerisation in one reactor. The composition is classified as PE 100 material and has the appropriate balance of properties. A tube made from the composition, subjected to an internal strength test, has extrapolated stress of 10 MPa or higher, when the internal strength curve of the tube is extrapolated to 50 or 100 years according to ISO 9080:2003(E).
Method of producing polymers / 2493176
Apparatus includes a reaction vessel and a degassing vessel. In the method, each of the first and second processes includes the following steps: (a) bringing a main olefin and a comonomer into contact with a catalyst in gas-phase polymerisation conditions in a reaction vessel to obtain a first polymer or a second polymer, respectively, wherein said first and second methods employ the same main olefin, the difference between the two methods being at least one of the following factors: (1) the comonomer used and (2) the reaction temperature at which the polymer is obtained, and (b) subsequently bringing the first or second polymer, respectively, into contact with a blowout gas in a degassing vessel. The transition method involves changing the flow rate of the blowout gas in the degassing vessel from a first value X1, which is used when degassing the first polymer, to a second value X2, which is used when degassing the second polymer. The second value is determined relative the flow rate Xi and temperature Ti used at earlier steps of producing the polymer during transitional polymerisation using the same comonomer as in the second process, and reaction temperature T2 in the second process. The method is characterised by that, (a) if T2 increases relative Ti, X2 is at least 1% lower than Xi when T2 is raised every 1°C compared to Ti, (b) if T2 drops relative Ti, X2 is at least 1% higher than Xi when T2 is decreased every 1°C compared to Ti, (c) if T2 is equal to Ti, X2 is equal to or greater than Xi, preferably equal to Xi.
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FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an aqueous polymer dispersion, a method for production thereof, use thereof and a method of making paper. The aqueous polymer dispersion for use as a flocculant when making paper or for water treatment contains an anionic water-soluble dispersion polymer which contains, in polymerised form, a monomer mixture containing (i) one or more anionic monomers, (ii) a first nonionic vinyl monomer which is an acrylamide, and (iii) at least a second nonionic vinyl monomer; a water-soluble salt and a stabiliser, where the water-soluble salt is present in an amount equal to at least 2.0 wt %, with respect to the total mass of the dispersion, and where the monomer mixture contains about 1 to about 40 mol % anionic monomer, about 20 to about 98 mol % acrylamide, and about 1 to about 40 mol % second nonionic vinyl monomer, wherein the sum of the percentage content equals 100, and the stabiliser is a polymer. EFFECT: disclosed dispersion is characterised by better dehydration time. 23 cl, 2 tbl, 2 ex
The technical FIELD The present invention relates to aqueous polymer dispersions and their preparation and use and method of manufacture of paper, in which the dispersion is used as an additive. The LEVEL of TECHNOLOGY Aqueous dispersions of anionic polymers are widely used in industry, for example, as flocculants, in particular, as dewatering and retention of additives in the manufacture of paper and water treatment. In General, these dispersions contain water-soluble anionic dispersion polymer dispersed in an aqueous continuous phase, which may contain one or more water-soluble salts and one or more stabilizers. The variance in General get in the dispersion polymerization in which the monomers and the initiator are soluble in the polymerization medium, but water containing large amounts of soluble salts, is a poor solvent for the resulting polymer. The reaction mixture initially is homogeneous, and initiate polymerization in homogeneous solution. At an early stage of the polymerization method is phase separation, forming colloidal polymeric particles, which are stabilized in the result of the adsorption is carried stabilizer. In the document WO2001/18063 describes a method of increasing retention and dewatering in the manufacture of paper using a high molecular weight water-soluble anionic or nonionic dispersion polymers. The dispersion polymer is obtained using from about 2 to about 40% of the mass. soluble salts in the calculation of the total mass of the dispersion. In document WO 2006/123993 describes a method of obtaining a polymer dispersions and polymer dispersion obtained by the method, which is suitable for use as a retention and dewatering additives in the manufacture of paper. The polymer dispersion obtained using anionic polymeric stabilizer and an anionic polymer joint stabilizer relatively low molecular weight. The polymeric stabilizer and joint stabilizer makes it possible to use from 0 to approximately 1.9% of the mass. inorganic salts. Preferably the dispersion is essentially free of salts. In the General case of aqueous dispersions of anionic polymer can be easily obtained and are effective as a retention and dewatering additives in the manufacture of paper. However, there is still scope for improvement. For example, as practical experience shows, upon receipt of the dispersion polymers in the presence of water-soluble salts to ensure efficient and stable polymeric particles typically require large amounts of water-soluble salts, which are the two which is undesirable from an economic and environmental points of view. Also according to the observations is possible and excessively high viscosity of the reaction medium and the resulting dispersion, which is undesirable from the point of view of production and processing. Also according to the observations is usually difficult to obtain a dispersion, which is characterized by a high content of the dispersion polymer, which is undesirable from the standpoint of transportation. In addition, if we talk about polymer dispersions containing more than one anionic stabilizer, and, in particular, low molecular weight anionic joint stabilizers, as is known, low-molecular anionic materials to increase demand for pulp suspensions in the cations in the manufacture of paper, and, as practical experience shows, low molecular weight anionic materials may interfere with the implementation of the operational characteristics of cationic additives used in the method of manufacture of paper, and have adverse effects on their implementation. It would be advantageous to have the possibility of offering water anionic polymer dispersion and method of reception that requires low amount of soluble salts in order to achieve efficient and stable polymeric particles. It would also be advantageous to have the possibility of offering water is Oh anionic polymer dispersion and method of reception, which would be characterized by low viscosity and avoided or reduced if the peak viscosity during polymerization method. It would also be advantageous to have the possibility of offering water anionic polymer dispersion and method of reception, which makes it possible for elevated levels of dispersion of the polymer. It would also be advantageous to have the possibility of offering water anionic polymer dispersion and method of reception, which can be implemented without resorting to the use of low molecular weight anionic joint stabilizers. It would also be advantageous to have a method of making paper, which includes the use of aqueous anionic polymer dispersion, demonstrating superior performance characteristics dewatering and retention. SUMMARY of INVENTION The present invention relates to an aqueous polymer dispersion containing an anionic water-soluble dispersion polymer comprising in polymerized form a Monomeric mixture containing (i) one or more anionic monomers, (ii) a first non-ionic vinyl monomer, which is an acrylamide, and (iii) at least one second non-ionic vinyl monomer; water-soluble salt and a stabilizer, where the water-soluble salt Pris is tstuat in number, equal to at least 2.0% of mass. in the calculation of the total mass of the dispersion. The present invention additionally relates to a method for producing an aqueous polymer dispersion containing an anionic water-soluble polymer dispersion, which comprises the polymerization of Monomeric mixtures containing (i) one or more anionic monomers, (ii) a first nonionic monomer, which is an acrylamide, and (iii) at least one second non-ionic vinyl monomer; in the conditions of formation of free radicals in the aqueous solution of soluble salts in the presence of the stabilizer, where the water-soluble salt is present in amount equal to at least 2.0% of mass. based on the weight of the dispersion. The present invention also relates to the use of an aqueous polymer dispersion containing an anionic water-soluble dispersion polymer as a occulant, in particular, as dewatering and retention of additives in the manufacture of paper and as a occulant for water purification. The invention in General additionally relates to a method of making paper, which includes (i) obtaining aqueous suspension containing pulp fibers; (ii) adding to the suspension one or more dewatering and retention additives, including bodogpoker dispersion, corresponding to the invention; and (iii) dewatering the obtained suspension. DETAILED description of the INVENTION In accordance with the present invention include a water dispersion of the anionic water-soluble polymer, also referred to herein anionic dispersion polymer, which is suitable for use as a occulant in the manufacture of paper and water treatment, in particular, as dewatering and retention of additives in the manufacture of paper. "Dispersion polymer in accordance with the usage in this document refers to water-soluble polymer dispersed in an aqueous continuous phase containing one or more inorganic salts and one or more stabilizers. The water-soluble polymer is preferably dispersed in the aqueous phase in the form of colloidal particles stabilized in the result of the adsorption is carried stabilizer. "Anionic dispersion polymer in accordance with the usage in this document refers to the dispersion of the polymer, as defined herein, which is resulting negative charge. "Dewatering and retention additives in accordance with the usage in this document to denote one or more additives, which in the case of new is to aqueous pulp suspension provides the best of dehydration and/or retention in comparison with the what do you get without resorting to the addition of the aforementioned one or more additives. The present invention offers a low-viscosity, stable aqueous polymer dispersion, characterized by elevated levels of dispersion of the polymer and lower levels of salt. In comparison with the methods of the prior art, the present method demonstrates improved viscosity characteristics and requires a reduced amount of salt for stable deposition of the polymer particles. Thus, the present invention results in a simplified and improved production method and to achieve economic benefits. In addition, anionic dispersion polymer of the invention when used for making paper demonstrates superior performance characteristics dehydration in comparison with the anionic dispersion polymers of the prior art. Thus, the present invention makes it possible to increase the speed of the paper machine and the use of reduced dosages of additives to obtain the appropriate dewatering and retention effect, which thus leads to an improved method of manufacture of paper and achieving economic benefits. Anionic dis is arianny polymer, corresponding to the invention, includes depolimerization the form of one or more anionic monomers, the first non-ionic vinyl monomer, which is an acrylamide and one or more non-ionic vinyl monomer, herein referred to as the second non-ionic vinyl monomer and non-acrylamide. Anionic monomer, as defined herein, bear the resulting negative charge. Examples of suitable anionic monomers include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, acrylamidophenylboronic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, taconova acid, vinylsulfonic acid, styrelseledamot acid, vinylphosphonic acid, arylsulfonate acid, allylphosphonate acid, sulfometuron acrylamide, phosphonomethylglycine acrylamide and water-soluble salts of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and ammonium. Examples of preferred anionic monomers include acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. The first and second non-ionic monomers that are defined in this document are electrically neutral and contain one or more vinyl groups or Ethylenediamine links. Examples of suitable second non-ionic vinyl monomers in luchot those which form homopolymers that if there srednevekovoi molecular weight greater than 10,000, are characterized by a solubility in water of less than 1 g/l, as measured at 70°C in deionized water, preferably less than 0.1 g/l, as measured at 70°C in deionized water, or less than 0.1 g/l, as measured at 20°C in deionized water. Examples of suitable second nonionic vinyl monomers include N-isopropyl(meth)acrylamide, N-tert-butylacrylamide, methyl(meth)acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl(meth)acrylate, sec-butyl(meth)acrylate, tert-butyl(meth)acrylate, benzyl(meth)acrylate, mono(meth)acrylate simple poly(ethylene glycol)monoalkyl ether, 2-alkoxymethyl(meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate, vinylpyrrolidone, vinylmation, (meth)acrolein, a simple unilateraly ether simple minimizebutton ether, finalproject and vinyl acetate. Examples of preferred second nonionic vinyl monomers include methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and vinyl acetate. The Monomeric mixture and the resulting anionic dispersion polymer typically include anionic monomer in an amount of from about 1 to about 40 mol%, preferably from about 10 to about 30 mol%. or from about 15 to about 25 mol%; usually include Smoot the amide in an amount of from about 20 to about 98 mol%, preferably from about 40 to about 80 mol%. or from about 50 to about 70 mol%; and usually include a second non-ionic vinyl monomer in an amount of from about 1 to about 40 mol%, preferably from about 10 to about 30 mol%. or from about 15 to about 25 mol%, this percentage gain in the calculation of the total amount of monomers. Anionic dispersion polymer usually has srednevekovoy molecular weight in the range from about to about 1000000 15000000 g/mol, in an appropriate case, from approximately 1500000 to about 10000000 g/mol, or from about to about 2000000 8000000 g/mol. The particles of the anionic dispersion polymer present in the dispersion, usually characterized by an average diameter of particles less than 25 microns, typically in the range from about 0.5 to about 20 microns, preferably from about 0.8 to about 15 microns. The aqueous polymer dispersion usually contains anionic dispersion polymer in an amount of from about 5 to about 40 wt. -%, preferably from approximately 10 to approximately 30% of the mass. or from about 12 to about 25 wt. -%, in the calculation of the total mass of the dispersion. The aqueous polymer di the Persia of the invention further comprises a stabilizer particles anionic dispersion polymer, present in the dispersion. The stabilizer in a suitable case is a polymer, preferably an anionic polymer. Preferably the polymer stabilizer is soluble in water and soluble or slightly soluble in the salt solution used in the polymerization method of the invention. Examples of suitable polymeric stabilizers include anionic polymers and copolymers based on acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, for example, polyacrylic acid, poly(meth)acrylic acid, poly(2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) and copolymers of 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. Examples of suitable anionic polymeric stabilizers include those described in document WO 2001/18063, the description of which by reference is incorporated herein. The polymer stabilizer is usually srednevekovoy molecular weight in the range from about 5000 to about 2000000 g/mol, preferably from about 20,000 to about 1000000 g/mol, or from about 50,000 to about 500000 g/mol. The remainder of the aqueous polymer dispersion comprises an aqueous solution containing one or more water-soluble salts. Preferably rastvorimyv water salt is inorganic. Examples of suitable water soluble salts include ammonium salts, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal containing one-, two -, and trivalent anions, such as halides, sulfates, nitrates and phosphates, preferably salts containing divalent or trivalent anions. Examples of preferred water-soluble salts include ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate and mixtures thereof. The aqueous polymer dispersion contains a water-soluble salt in a quantity of at least 2 wt. -%, usually being in the range from about 3 to about 40 wt. -%, in an appropriate case, from approximately 6 to approximately 32% of the mass. or from about 10 to about 25 wt. -%, in the calculation of the total mass of the dispersion. In the aqueous polymer dispersions according to the invention can be present and additional ingredients. Examples of such additional ingredients include chelating agents, regulators, polymerization degree, nucleating, staplers, razvitsya supplements, joint dispersers or joint stabilizers. Such additional ingredients in the aqueous polymer dispersion may be present in amounts typically used in modern technology. Examples of suitable joint stabilizers include polymeric joint stabilizers, is for example, anionic polymers. Preferably in the case of anionic polymeric stabilizer anionic polymer joint stabilizer will be different from the anionic polymer stabilizer, for example, due to receipt of other monomers or other quantitative ratios between the monomers. In one embodiment of the invention the polymer joint stabilizer in the aqueous polymer dispersion is present in an amount in the range from 0 to 1% of the mass. in the calculation of the total mass of the dispersion. In yet another embodiment of the invention in the aqueous polymer dispersion is no polymer joint stabilizer is not present. The aqueous polymer dispersion in a suitable case get in the way of free-radical polymerization initiated by the initiator, polymerization, forming free radicals, preferably soluble in water azoinitiators, peroxide, hydroperoxide the initiator, the initiator based on complex Pereira or redox initiator. Examples of suitable initiators include 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane]dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis(2-methyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)propionamide, 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile), 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanovalerianic the acid) and its alkali metal salts and ammonium, tert-butylhydroperoxide, perhydrol, peroxydisulfate or the above-mentioned peroxides in combination with a reducing agent such as sodium metabisulfite or salts of divalent iron. To achieve the proper inclusion of monomers in the resulting dispersion polymer of the monomers before polymerization can be mixed with water, salt and stabilizer, or alternatively, one or more monomers can be Paladino added during the polymerization. In this way the temperature of polymerization may vary, inter alia, depending on the used monomers and initiator. The polymerization is usually carried out at a temperature in the range from approximately 30 to approximately 90°C, in an appropriate case, from about 35 to about 70°C. or from about 45 to about 65°C. the Reaction mixture during the polymerization method in an appropriate case stirred by the stirring speed is suitable for this method. In an appropriate case, the mixing speed is in the range from approximately 100 to approximately 1000 rpm it goes without saying that in the aqueous solution used in the method of obtaining the anionic polymer dispersion may be present and additional ingredients, including those that were definitely the Lena river above together with their quantities. The invention additionally includes the use of an aqueous polymer dispersion as a occulant, in particular, as dewatering and retention of additives in the manufacture of paper and as a occulant for water purification, for example, for wastewater treatment, as an additive, giving strength in the dry state, in the manufacture of paper, thickener and soil amendment. The invention additionally includes a method of making paper from an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibres, and optional fillers, which comprises adding to the suspension one or more dewatering and retention additives, comprising the aqueous polymer dispersion, and forming and dehydration (dehydration) resulting suspension on the grid. One or more dewatering and retention additives can also include one or more cationic polymers, silicon-containing materials, aluminum compounds and their combinations. Examples of suitable cationic polymers include cationic polysaccharides, for example cationic starches, cationic synthetic polymers, for example, cationic polyacrylamides, cationic poly(diallyldimethylammoniumchloride), cationic polyethylenimine, cationic polyamine and cationic polyamidoamine. Srednevekovaja molecular weight cationic polimerowych is greater than approximately 1000000 g/mol, and in a suitable case, greater than approximately 2000000 g/mol. The upper limit is not critical; it can be greater than 50000000 g/mol, typically 30000000 g/mol. Examples of suitable silicon-containing materials include anionic particles based on silica and anionic clay smectites type. Preferably the silicon-containing material includes particles in the colloidal range of particle size. Preferably used anionic particles on the basis of silicon dioxide, i.e. particles based on SiO2or silicic acid, and such particles is usually served in the form of aqueous colloidal dispersions, the so-called sols. Examples of suitable particles on the basis of silicon dioxide include colloidal silicon dioxide, and various types of polysilicon acid or homopolymerization or copolymerizing, for example, polymeric silicic acid, the microgel polysilicon acid polysilicate and polysilicates the microgel. Sols on the basis of silicon dioxide can be modified and contain other elements, for example, aluminum, boron, magnesium, nitrogen, zirconium, gallium, titanium and the like, which may be present in the aqueous phase and/or particles on the basis of silicon dioxide. Examples of dehydrating and retaining additives suitable for use the of in connection with the aqueous polymer dispersion, include cationic starch, cationic polyacrylamide, anionic silica-containing materials, aluminum compounds, and combinations thereof. Examples of preferred combinations of dewatering and retention additives include (i) cationic starch and this aqueous polymer dispersion, (ii) cationic polyacrylamide and this aqueous polymer dispersion and (iii) cationic polyacrylamide particles based on silica and this aqueous polymer dispersion. One or more dewatering and retention additives for dewatering a suspension can be added in amounts which can vary within wide limits, among other things, depending on the type and amount of additives, the type of pulp suspensions, filler content, type of filler, the moment of addition and the like. Anionic dispersion polymer is usually added in a quantity of at least about 0.001%, often at least 0.005% wt. calculated on the dry weight of the pulp suspension, and the upper limit is usually 3%, and in an appropriate case, 1.5% of the mass. The aqueous polymer dispersion of the invention prior to its addition to the pulp suspension in a suitable case, dilute with water. In the case of cationic polymer is usually added in a quantity equal to at least approximately 0.001% of the mass, and often the th, at least about 0.005% wt., calculated on the dry weight of the pulp suspension, and the upper limit is usually about 3%, and in an appropriate case, approximately 1.5%, mass. In the case of silicon-containing materials are typically added in a quantity equal to at least approximately 0.001% of the mass, and often at least about 0.005% wt., calculated on the dry weight of the pulp suspension, and the upper limit is usually approximately 1.0%, and in an appropriate case, approximately 0.6%, mass. Needless to say that in combination with the aqueous polymer dispersion, corresponding to the invention, can be used more additives that are conventional in the manufacture of paper. Examples of such additional additives include additives, which impart strength in the dry state, additions, giving strength in the wet state, optical brighteners, dyes, sizing tools, for example, a sizing tool for rosin-based and size, reacting with cellulose, for example, alkyl - and alkenylamine dimers and multimer and alkenylamine anhydrides, and the like. The pulp suspension or fibrous mass may also contain mineral fillers of conventional types, such as, for example, kaolin, porcelain g is in, titanium dioxide, gypsum, talc and natural and synthetic calcium carbonates such as chalk, ground marble and precipitated calcium carbonate. The term "paper" in accordance with the use herein includes not only paper and products from it, but also other containing cellulose fiber products such as sheet or fabric, such as, for example, cardboard and cardboard construction and products from them. The method can be used in the manufacture of paper from different types of suspensions of cellulose fibers, and suspensions in an appropriate case should contain at least 25 wt. -%, and preferably at least 50 wt. -%, such fibers in the dry substance. The basis of the suspension can be fiber pulp chemical processing, such as Solfatara, sulfite and organosolvent pulp, pulp mechanical processing, such as the pulp thermo-mechanical processing, the pulp chemicomechanical processing, refiner wood pulp and groundwood pulp from wood of deciduous and coniferous species, and its basis can be recycled fiber, not ennobled wastepaper pulp, and mixtures thereof. The invention is additionally illustrated in the following example, the, that, however, does not suggest its limitations. Parts and % are mass parts and % wt., accordingly, unless other specified. Example 1 This example demonstrates how to obtain aqueous polymer dispersions, the relevant technical regulations, the relevant prior art and the present invention. The polymer dispersion was obtained in accordance with the following further General method: In a double-walled glass reactor HWS volume of 150 ml, equipped with a reflux condenser, an inlet for nitrogen and anchor stirrer, was added 53 g of deionized water, 0.04 g of sodium formiate, 0.03 g EDTU, x g of sodium sulfate, grams of ammonium sulfate, 1.2 g of a copolymer of acrylic acid/2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid with the composition of 80/20 (mol./mol.) and anionic monomer (partial (25% or 50%) or fully (100%) neutralized with sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 50 wt. -%). From the dropping funnel was added an aqueous solution of acrylamide with a concentration of 50 wt%. and optionally a second non-ionic monomer. After closing the reactor through the mixture for 30 min blowing in nitrogen when the stirring speed 150 rpm, and then the mixture was heated to 55°C. the Polymerization was initiated in the stepwise addition of 0.5 g (500 μl) of an aqueous solution of polymerization initiator VA-044 with what concentratie 2% of the mass. Stepwise addition of a solution of VA-044 was carried out as follows: 30 μl at time 0 h, 30 µl after 1 h, 30 µl after 2 h, 120 ál after 4 h and, in conclusion, 290 ál after 5 hours after 6 h the reaction mixture was cooled and analyzed. The resulting polymer dispersion is shown in table 1, which also demonstrates the degree of neutralization of the anionic monomer (N=25%), (N=50%) or (N=100%). The aqueous polymer dispersion No. 1 to 7 represent the polymer dispersions of the prior art, and an aqueous polymer dispersion No. 8 to 10 represent polymer dispersion corresponding to the invention.
where AAM = acrylamide MAC = methacrylic acid AK = acrylic acid EMA = ethyl methacrylate, MMA = methyl methacrylate VA = vinyl acetate N = percentage of present charged (neutralized) of the form OK = white homogeneous, low-viscosity flow. As should be pretty obvious from table 1, when the same degree of neutralization of the anionic monomer for stable deposition of polymer products, soo the relevant prior art, it would take more salt (sodium sulphate and ammonium) in comparison with what took place for the polymer products of the invention. In addition, it is obvious that in the absence of a second nonionic monomer used in accordance with the present invention, the salt concentration in the dispersions of the prior art were insufficient for stable deposition of polymer products. In addition, as shown in table 1, the present invention provides a polymer dispersion, characterized by elevated levels of polymer and low levels of salt content. Example 2 Performance specifications for dewatering of the anionic polymer dispersions corresponding to example 1 were evaluated using a dynamic analyzer dehydration (TAO), available in the company Akribi AB, Sweden, which measures the time of dehydration for a given volume of the fibrous mass. Fibrous mass was stirred vessel with baffles at a speed of 1500 rpm./min during the entire test, during which conducted the addition of chemicals. The volume of the fibrous mass of 800 ml was obezvozhivani on the grid when you remove the plugs and creating a vacuum on the other side of the grid, which is the opposite side, which is the fibrous mass. Ek is operating characteristics dehydration is shown in expression over the time of dehydration (s). Used pulp suspension or fibrous mass consisted of 50% cellulose fibers (60% bleached birch and 40% sulfate bleached pine) and 50% pre-dispersed suspension of ground calcium carbonate Hydrocarb 60. To increase the conductivity of the fibrous mass was added CaCl2. The pH value of the pulp was 7.4, conductivity were 5.0 MS/cm, and the consistency was 5.9 g/l In the test trials were subjected to anionic polymer dispersion in combination with cationic starch (RV). Add was calculated from the amount of dry additives in a dry load. Adding conducted in accordance with the following further General sequence: (i) adding cationic starch followed by stirring for 20 seconds; (ii) adding anionic polymer dispersion, followed by stirring for 10 s; and (iii) dewatering the fibrous mass with simultaneous automatic time recording dehydration. Table 2 shows the results when varying dosages anionic dispersion polymer.
As should be pretty obvious from table 2, the aqueous polymer dispersion, corresponding to the invention (aqueous polymer dispersion No. 8 and 9) resulted in obtaining improved dewatering in comparison with the aqueous polymer dispersion prior art (aqueous polymer dispersion No. 5). 1. The aqueous polymer dispersion for use as a occulant in the manufacture of paper or for purification of water containing anionic water-soluble dispersion polymer clay is, comprising in polymerized form a Monomeric mixture containing 2. The aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 1 or 2, where the anionic monomer is acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. 3. The aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 1 or 2, where the second nonionic vinyl monomer chosen from the group consisting of methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate and mixtures thereof. 4. The aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 1 where the anionic water-soluble dispersion polymer is present in an amount in the range of from about 5 to about 40 wt.% in the calculation of the total mass of the dispersion. 5. Water polymer of the second dispersion according to claim 1, where the stabilizer is an anionic polymer or copolymer based on acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid. 6. The aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 1, where the stabilizer is srednevekovoy molecular weight in the range from about 5000 to about 2000000 g/mol. 7. The aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 1 where the water soluble salt is selected from salts of ammonium, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals containing one-, two -, and trivalent anions. 8. The aqueous polymer dispersion of claim 7, where the water-soluble salt include ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate or a mixture. 9. The aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 1 where the water soluble salt is present in amount in the range of from about 3 to about 40 wt.% in the calculation of the total mass of the dispersion. 10. The method of obtaining an aqueous polymer dispersion, which comprises the polymerization of Monomeric mixtures containing 11. The method according to claim 10, where the anionic monomer is acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. 12. The method according to claim 10, where the second nonionic vinyl monomer chosen from the group consisting of methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate and mixtures thereof. 13. The method according to claim 10, where the anionic water-soluble dispersion polymer is present in an amount in the range of from about 5 to about 40 wt.%, in the calculation of the total mass of the dispersion. 14. The method according to claim 10, where the stabilizer is an anionic polymer or copolymer based on acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid. 15. The method according to claim 10, where the stabilizer is srednevekovoy molecular weight in the range from about 5000 to about 2000000 g/mol. 16. The method according to claim 10, where the water-soluble salt selected from salts of ammonium, alkali metals and alkaline earth met low, containing one-, two -, and trivalent anions. 17. The method according to claim 10, where the water-soluble salt include ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate or a mixture. 18. The method according to claim 10, where the water-soluble salt is present in amount in the range of from about 3 to about 40 wt.%, in the calculation of the total mass of the dispersion. 19. The method according to claim 10, where the polymerization is carried out at a temperature in the range from approximately 45°to approximately 65°C. 20. The use of an aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 1 as a occulant in the manufacture of paper. 21. The use of an aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 1 for the purification of water. 22. Method of making paper, which includes 23. The method according to item 22, where dewatering and retention of the additive include a cationic polymer which is a cationic starch or cationic polyacrylamide.
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