Detonating fuse of combined action. RU patent 2483274.

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: detonating fuse comprises the following components installed in a body equipped with an optical window: a beam detonator, a safety mechanism, an igniter and a unit of remote control of igniter actuation connected with a contact sensor. In the unit composition the following components are electrically connected in series: a receiving device of a time code and the following components controlled by a clock oscillator: a time delay device, a circuit of delayed cocking and an output key for switching of the igniter with a source of power supply. At the same time one of inputs of the delayed cocking circuit is connected to a contact sensor via a normally closed switch of a control unit controlled with a clock oscillator counter, which via a self-liquidation timer is connected with another input of a delayed cocking circuit.

EFFECT: minimised dimensions of a detonating fuse with the possibility of its use in small-calibre artillery ammunition and lowering.

3 cl, 3 dwg

The invention relates to the guided artillery projectile combined, contact and contactless operation fuse for remote initiating from the effects of managing external radiation source and undermine directly at a meeting with the purpose of the flight trajectory.

The level of the art characterizes installed in the artillery projectile fuse combined initiation of detonation, including Converter, safety and Executive mechanisms, remote control unit fuse associated with the source electric power supply and contains sequential receiving device time code decoder and time delay device, described in the patent RU 2135947 C1, F42B 15/01, 1999

Between the remote control unit and staff fuse containing a piezoelectric transducer, additionally installed a generator of shock pulse, made in the form of , actuation which the device command temporary slowdown in the housing projectile stimulates the shock wave passed on piezoelectric Converter fuse.

Shock pulse generated in a given point of the trajectory of the projectile, is equivalent to the impulse from a staff element at the contact triggered that determines the identity of functioning of the scheme to undermine the different modes of initiation.

Described munition characterized by universal mechanism undermine the filling, which is initiated from the shock at the meeting with the aim of using the inertia force effect on the piezoelectric Converter and alternatively: from shock pulse simulator such a meeting with the Autonomous working for foreign the management of coded command containing information about the time of detonation, to be converted to the standard Executive signal after the time delay.

The output signal from the remote control unit is transformed by means of the additional in shock pulse generates a shock wave in the body of the projectile, adequate intake of piezoelectric transducer regular fuse the real you with the obstacle.

Control unit indirectly connected with the Converter fuse that allows you to use a sub-slam-Executive mechanism, standardizing the construction and picking ammunition that reduces production costs.

Out on the mode of energy-battery - source power supply control unit occurs with a delay of 0,1s after the shot (100 m flight) to ensure the security, eliminating unauthorized break the shell near the firing position.

Generator shock pulse is placed in the casing of ammunition regardless fuse, that is without electrical and kinematic relations with him, that ensures structural mobility unit remote control.

This is a universal technical solution suitable for artillery shells large caliber, bombs and mines, however, the practical use in artillery shells, a small caliber difficult due to the limited volume of the placement of additional and the remote control unit with power supply.

The use of standard fuse provides adaptive adaptability of ammunition, but it reduces the combat effectiveness of the projectile is due to the large total size remote-control unit with the power supply and fuse with relatively strong piezoelectric transducer, operating autonomously, initiating actuation without additional power source.

In addition, remote control unit and the generator of a shock pulse should be insulated from the direct effects of high pressure of powder gases propellant charge. In the limited scope of the projectile this can only be done by reducing the weight of combat filling that reduces the combat power products.

Highly sensitive fuse described ammunition may cause false positive interaction with landscaped obstacles, the branches of the trees, bushes and with precipitation, hail, storm water jets, causing the projectile near the firing position and location of the personal composition of their troops.

Marked shortcomings in more perfect fuse by the patent RU 2229678 C1, F42B 13/00, 2002, that to the technical nature and number of matching characteristics chosen as the closest analogue proposed fuse for artillery munitions, small caliber.

The famous fuse for artillery ammunition includes placed in the casing equipped with optical window beam detonator, safety mechanism, igniting wire and associated with a contact sensor remote control unit operation of electric igniter associated with a source the power supply.

Remote control unit contains consistently electrically connected receiver time code and managed the clock time delay device, scheme of the far arming and key output for switching of electric igniter with the source the power supply.

Known fuse is all about downsizing fuse with remote control undermine them to be acceptable for use in artillery shells, small calibre rifle in hand-grenades, which significantly expanded the scope of application efficiencies actions ammunition for the purpose.

Direct connection of the remote control unit Converter, which is a sensitive igniting wire sensitive to the control signal time delay device without the efforts of guarantees the Fuze, as at the contact action at a meeting with the mission, as specified outside of time, without the use of additional energy-consuming detonator and powerful piezoelectric transducer.

Introduction in structure of devices of the time delay of control circuit far arming allows you to block accidental triggering of electric igniter against mechanical impacts on pin sensor at a shot and premature undermining of ammunition, that increases the safety of use and operational reliability.

Additional equipment fuse probe unified its action in both modes of operation of weapon: on contact with the target and managed undermining within a specified distance of the flight.

Continuation of the advantages are inherent disadvantages. So, initiation reliable electric igniter in the famous fuse comes from the relatively large current pulse (150-200 mA), which forces the use enough dimensional power source.

This is possible only due to the volume of explosive filling with concomitant worsening of destination parameters of ammunition.

In small-calibre ammunition for the specified reason is practically impossible to provide exact initiation of detonation without significant loss of damaging the fragmentation of the action.

Moreover, independent location of the touch sensor reduces the useful load of ammunition.

A significant disadvantage of the fuse is unsatisfactory safety of fuse because of the existence of the possibility of unauthorized detonation of ammunition in the barrel or above their positions for any failure schema far cocking as igniting wire with the output switch is connected directly.

If munition is not mined goal directly, for any reason not at a distance, could not work at a meeting with the soft ground with a large degree of ricochet what danger is in the form of a kind of stockpiled antipersonnel mines.

Technical task to be solved which directed the present invention is to expand the field of application of secure multipurpose fuse by minimizing its size at increase of functional reliability precise triggering of the given point of the trajectory of a small-caliber artillery munition inevitably self-destruct at the set time after the shot.

Desired technical result is achieved by the fact that, in a fuse of combined action for artillery munitions containing placed in the building, equipped with optical window beam detonator, the safety mechanism, igniting wire and associated with a contact sensor remote control unit operation of electric igniter, while in the remote-control unit consistently electrically connected to the receiver, the time code and managed clock generator unit time delay, the scheme of the far arming and key output for switching of electric igniter with power, according to the invention of one of the entrances to the scheme of the far cocking device is connected to a contact sensor a normally closed switch control unit, managed counter clock generator, which through the timer self-liquidation is connected with the other entry scheme of the far cocking and pin sensor normally closed switch control unit is additionally connected via the parallel connection scheme matches signal circuit contact sensor and pulse survey from the generator connected to the meter clock.

Another feature of the invention is that the axial igniting wire one pin is connected to the positive pole of the power source through a resistor and a diode through the condenser to the negative pole connected to the output key.

The proposed fuse is characterized by the additional function - constructively programmable time-liquidation for different types of artillery shells, which is measured in the associated with counter clock timer, independently control operation detonator of the projectile through a specified time after the shot.

Link touch sensor with the scheme of the far cocking a normally closed switch control unit connected to the meter pulses through the coincidence of the oscillator allows additional step protection, preventing unauthorized early the Fuze over the position of the shooting.

At the faulty contact sensor scheme matches signal circuit of a contact sensor pulse survey from the shaper is used to switch control unit, severing electrical connection pin sensor with output switch that eliminates the undermining of ammunition. This maintains Autonomous passing through the scheme of the far cocking signals from the receiver of a given distance, triggering a detonator.

After the completion of the pulse survey from the shaper, and in the absence of positives scheme matches the switch remains in the normal closed position, connecting pin sensor output key, providing the momentum of the Fuze when meeting with a purpose.

Additional Autonomous link oscillator with the scheme of the far cocking via a programmable timer enables the inevitable and independent detonator of ammunition through a set time of its liquidation.

A capacitor connected to both the electric igniter and conclusions closed through a resistor connected to positive terminal of the power supply provides electrical energy from a source to a target level, sufficient for operating the electric igniter, an intelligent drive.

Installation resistor in the circuit of electric communication electric igniter with the positive pole of the power source creates an additional level of protection fuse without activating electric igniter at the discharge of the capacitor to achieve it set level of pressure, and thus preventing unauthorized the Fuze dangerously close to the firing position.

Diode in electric circuit of connection of the electric igniter with the positive pole of the power source holds the accumulated capacitor voltage level when possible in the dynamics of flight fluctuations of the current characteristics of the power source.

Connection of the power supply, in particular, its negative pole, through the output key with permits operation of the latter after-circuit output switch control signal schema far cocking.

Thus, the proposed fuse for small-caliber artillery ammunition supports various modes of relay detonator at contact meeting to, without contact in a given point of the flight path and self-destruct, when not done fighting task.

Therefore, each a significant sign that you need, and their combination in a stable relationship are sufficient to achieve the novelty quality, featured in disunity, that is set by the invention of the technical task is achieved not by the sum of the effects, and new sum of features.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, which are of a purely illustrative purpose and does not limit the amount of claims of the totality of the features of the formula. The drawings depicted:

figure 1 - design fuse in a section;

figure 2 - a functional block diagram of the proposed fuse;

figure 3 - structure of the block of control of the state touch sensor.

Case 1 fuse (figure 1) with mechanical optical window 2 has consistently placed: block 3 remote control, channel 4 power mounted coaxial damping cowling 5, pin sensor 6, axial igniting wire 7, a staff safety mechanism 8 of centrifugal action and radiation primer-detonator 9.

Igniting wire 7 is placed inside the touch sensor 6 ring form that provides compactness of their spatial relationship in fuse.

source 4 power supply, made in the form of electrolytic batteries ampoule, and the electronic block 3 remote control independently placed inside the power shell 5, with which the latter is connected through damping layer 10 of adhesive compound. This guarantees the integrity and functionality of the source 4 and block 3, as the drums axial overload when fired, the perceived power cowling 5 and amortized in the space of 10.

Structurally functional block diagram fuse performed in the following interrelation of structural elements (figure 2).

Device 14 time delay consists of consecutive counter 15 trigger pulses scheme 16 comparisons, patterns, 17 far cocking associated with the meter 18 heartbeat, and output switch, 19.

Device 14 time delay contains the oscillator 20, one output, which with the frequency of the heartbeat f connected to the meter 18 clock, timer, 21 and decoder 13, and the other output with a frequency of f/to - to the counter 15 trigger pulses.

Counter 15 of clock pulses is associated with a block 22 of control, which is installed in the line telecommunications contact sensor 6 with the scheme 17 far cocking.

Block 22 control (figure 3) consists of a normally closed switch 23, electrically linking pin sensor 6 with the scheme 17 directly and in parallel via a scheme of 24 matches, which is additionally connected via the shaper 25 pulse survey to the counter 18 clock pulses.

Connected to negative pole of the power source 4 key output device 14 19 of the time delay (i.e. in General the output of the unit 3 remote control, trigger the fuse) is connected to one of two conclusions axial electric igniter 7, equipped with a staff safety mechanism 8 centrifugal action, stop firing circuit connection with the beam capsule-detonator 9.

The second conclusion electric igniter 7 is connected through a resistor 26 and diode 27 to the positive side of the supply 4 power supply, and through the condenser 28 to its negative pole.

Source 4 power supply device 14 of the time delay and with the decoder (13 receptor 11 time code connected through the stabilizer 29 voltage, and with its receiver 12 - through stabilizer 30 voltage.

The power line receiver 12 governors of encrypted signals between source 4 and stabilizer 30 voltage through a switch 31, associated with the output of the decoder 13.

Functions proposed fuse modes remote air and contact at a meeting with the purpose of demolition in the following way.

When fired, the mechanical overload acceleration of the projectile is initiated by the power source 4 structural elements fuse: receiver 12 governors of encrypted signals and the decoder 13 receptor 11 and device 14 delay.

The appearance of power scheme 17 far arming is not missing any of pulses at the output key 19, and the counter 18 heartbeat begins to pulse count oscillator 20.

While the 18 clock is ticking set their number, any random signals from the diagram 16 comparison will not pass on key output 19 and will not cause unauthorized positives fuse.

The signal from the counter 18 enters the shaper 25 pulse survey in the moment before the end of structurally pledged time interval far cocking. Impetus from the shaper 25 duration of this temporary difference is applied to one of the outputs of the schema 24 matches.

When contact sensor 6 (circuit overload shot or marriage Assembly) electric signal enters the scheme 24 during the action of the pulse survey from the shaper 25, resulting in a control signal from the circuit switch 24 23 switches and switching off the electric connection of the contact sensor 6 with the output switch 19.

As a result, the signals from touch sensor 6 after completion of impulse far arming will not be the input of the circuit 17 far cocking which excludes unauthorized triggering of electric igniter 7.

The remote undermining the fuse is in normal mode, the signal from the scheme 16 comparison.

If during the existence of the scheme matches 24 pulse survey with the shaper 25 on the contact sensor 6 signal is not received, the scheme 24 does not produce the control signal and the switch 23 remains closed, that ensure the fuse to action at a meeting with the purpose of signal inertial circuit with touch sensor 6.

Simultaneously, when the voltage source 4, starts to charge the capacitor 27 through resistor 26 and diode 27, which retains accumulated on the condenser 28 charge with accidental drops voltage source 4 power.

Until the specified level of voltage on the capacitor 28 is not reached, igniting wire 7 will not work, even when public key 19, that creates an additional level of protection, to improve the safety fuse and ammunition in General.

The process of charging the capacitor 28 requires time, which is characterized by the magnitude of τ=R·C (works resistor 26 and capacitor 28).

Selection of the capacitor 28 is based on the energy required for the operation of the electric igniter 7, and the selection of the resistor 26 provide the duration of time charge of the capacitor 28, the effect of this additional degree of protection.

So, for triggering of electric igniter 7 simply use a condenser capacity of 28 10 UF at a voltage of 8-10 In the condenser 28, installation resistor 26 resistance to 3 kOhm and at a voltage U o =12V power source 4.

In this case, the capacitor 28 is charged to the operating voltage U for the time t=30 MS: U=U o ·e-t/τ =8 B.

The average current i charge the capacitor 28 during this time will i=C·N/t sankhobe 3 mA, which considerably less current (150-200 mA), necessary for actuation of the electric igniter 7 when it is connected directly to the source 4 current prototype, that is, the workability of the proposed design fuse source provides 4 power significantly smaller capacity and dimensions correspondingly.

After the time delay required to ensure achievement of source 4 to the required level sufficient for the operation of the structural elements fuse, external emitting laser device associated with the weapon, radiates in the direction of the projectile code parcel as two pairs of pulses.

Depending on application, the transmitting device and, therefore, the receiver 12 on the projectile can work in the laser or radio frequency energy. In the first case in the bottom of the housing 1 installed optical window 2 (figure 1), and the second in the structure of the receiver 12 an antenna (not shown).

When entering the receiver 12 two pairs of governors coded pulses with external transmitter in decoder 13 begins temporary the interval between these two impulses and recorded in the form of pulses oscillator 20 received during the time between pairs of pulses.

The interval between two pairs of pulses is proportional to the time delay of the undermining of the projectile (in The times less), and the time interval between the pulses in pairs serves as identification feature to eliminate the reception random interfering signals as control signals.

Signal decoder 13 after receiving the code parcel arrives at the switch 31, which cuts off the power supply of the receiver 12 as unnecessary, and the device 14 of the time delay, where from the decoder 13 is transmitted and the number describing interval.

Disabling receiver 12 governors of encrypted signals after the execution of functional purpose (after the reception, processing and transmission code parcels) reduce in 2-3 times the consumption fuse current, which can further reduce the size of the source 4 power and reduce heat dissipation the electronic unit 3 fuse, than to increase the accuracy of timing.

With the decrease of the temperature error frequency oscillator 20 increases the probability of hitting a target of reducing distances to places of undermining the projectile to the target.

Then count the 15 begins the trigger pulses with a frequency in The times lower clock speed, and figure 16 compares the current value of the output of the counter 15 with the number of transferred device 14 of the time delay from the decoder 13.

If these numbers match the diagram 16 comparison produces a signal at the output 19 key that opens. The capacitor discharge 28 through the closed key output 19 current pulse arrives at igniting wire 7.

Force flame from actuated electric igniter 7 through open to this time channel staff centrifugal safety mechanism 8 comes on the radial primer-detonator 9, causing its actuation than is initiated by the detonation of the explosive filling of ammunition and its disruption in the given point of the flight path.

At a meeting of the projectile to the signal from the oscillating circuit of a contact sensor 6, regardless of the stage of operation of the device 14 delay, priority goes through the open scheme of 17 far cocking directly on the output key 19, closing it thinks is the undermining of the projectile.

From the moment of the shot, when initiated work source 4 power supply signals from the oscillator 20 arrive in timer 21, programmed when mounting on a particular time, in particular, 13, 16 and 27 seconds (depending on the type of ammunition), where they are stored.

When reaching the total time clock signals from the generator 20 with the time timer 21 produces a signal at the diagram 17 the far arming and forth, independently of the output key 19, with the closure of which is the self-liquidation of ammunition.

Bench and field tests of the prototype of a detonator of the proposed design actually confirmed achievement of qualitatively new indicators destination for all modes of its operation, that allows to recommend it for completion of small-caliber artillery ammunition.

Conducted comparative analysis of the proposed technical solutions with known analogues on the level of equipment, from which the invention is not obvious to a specialist munitions Agency, showed that it is not known, and taking into account the ability of series of industrial manufacturing in the current production of artillery shells calibre 23-30 mm grenades and grenade, equipped described fuse, you can make a conclusion on compliance with the criteria of patentability.

1. Fuse combined action for artillery munitions containing placed in the building, equipped with optical window beam detonator, safety mechanism, igniting wire and associated with a contact sensor remote control unit operation of electric igniter, while in the remote-control unit consistently electrically connected to the receiver, the time code and managed the clock time delay device, scheme of the far arming and output key for switching electric igniter with the power, wherein one of the entrances to the scheme of the far cocking device is connected to a contact sensor a normally closed switch control unit-managed counter clock generator, which through the timer self-liquidation is connected with other entrance schema far cocking.

2. Fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that the pin sensor normally closed switch control unit is additionally connected via the parallel connection scheme matches signal circuit of a contact sensor and pulse survey from shaper connected to the meter clock.

3. Fuse according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the axial igniting wire one pin is connected to the positive pole of the power source through a resistor and a diode, and through the condenser to the negative pole connected to the output key.