Method of extracting yttrium (iii) from salt solutions |
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IPC classes for russian patent Method of extracting yttrium (iii) from salt solutions (RU 2478724):
 Complex processing method of carbon-silicic black-shale ores / 2477327
Invention refers to complex processing method of carbon-silicic black-shale ores, which contain vanadium, uranium, molybdenum and rare-earth elements. The above method involves ore crushing to the particle size of not more than 0.2 mm and two leaching stages. Oxidation sulphuric-acid leaching is performed at atmospheric pressure. Autoclave oxidation sulphuric-acid leaching is performed at the temperature of 130-150°C in presence of oxygen-containing gas and addition of a substance forming nitrogen oxide, as a catalyst of oxygen oxidation. Ion-exchange sorption of uranium, molybdenum, vanadium and rare-earth elements is performed from the obtained product solution.
Method of extracting rare-earth elements from phosphogypsum / 2473708
Invention relates to the technology of producing compounds of rare-earth elements during complex processing of apatites, particularly extraction of rare-earth elements from phosphogypsum. The method involves preparation of pulp from phosphogypsum and sorption of rare-earth elements on a sorbent. The pulp is prepared from ground phosphogypsum and sulphuric acid solution with pH=0.5-2.5 until achieving liquid:solid ratio of 4-7. Sorption is carried out directly from the phosphogypsum pulp on a sorbent with sulphuric acid functional groups for 5-7 hours with solid:sorbent ratio of 4-7.
 Universal method of selective extraction of salts of transition, rare-earth and actinoid elements from combination solutions by means of nanoporous materials / 2472863
Method involves selective extraction of salts in volumes of nanopores of nanoporous conducting materials due to effect of electrostatic interaction of dipole moments of solvated ionic complexes of transition, rare-earth and actinoid elements with electric field of double electric layer of "nanopore wall - solution" boundary line. The method is implemented by subsequent filling of nanopore of nanoporous conducting material with the solution containing ionic complexes of transition, and/or rare-earth and/or actinoid elements, displacement from nanopore of ionic complexes of transition, rare-earth and actinoid elements weakly localised in nanopores by means of pressure of gases or liquids, by filling of nanopore with solution of inorganic acid of high concentration, and by extracting from nanopores of residual ionic complexes of transition, rare-earth and actinoid elements by means of pressure of gases or liquids. The above method can be implemented in an electrochemical cell.
 Extraction method of rare-earth metals from phosphogypsum / 2471011
Invention can be used in the technology of obtaining the compounds of rare-earth metals at complex processing of apatites, and namely for obtaining of concentrate of rare-earth metals (REM) from phosphogypsum. Method involves sorption of rare-earth metals. At that, prior to sorption, phosphogypsum is crushed in water so that pulp is obtained in the ratio Solid : Liquid=1:(5-10). Sorption is performed by introducing to the obtained pulp of sorbent containing sulphate and phosphate functional groups, at the ratio of Solid : Sorbent=1:(5-10) and mixing during 3-6 h.
Processing method of micro production wastes of constant magnets / 2469116
Method involves oxidation of micro production wastes at temperature of 550-650°C in air atmosphere for destruction of crystal latitude Nd2Fe14B so that Fe2O3, Nd2O3, Fe2B is formed and moisture and oil is removed. Then, anhydrous fluorides of rare-earth metals are obtained and their metallothermic reduction is performed for production of constant magnets. After oxidation from oxidated microwastes is completed, rare-earth metals are leached with nitric acid with concentration of 1-2 mol/l at temperature of 20-80°C. Obtained nitrate solutions containing rare-earth metals and impurity elements are processed with solution of formic acid with extraction of formiates of rare-earth metals in the form of the deposit cleaned from impurity elements, which includes iron, aluminium, nickel, cobalt, copper and other transition metals.
Method of extracting rare-earth elements from wet-process phosphoric acid / 2465207
Invention relates to methods of extracting a concentrate of rare-earth elements from wet-process phosphoric acid, which is obtained in a dihydrate process of processing an apatite concentrate, and can be used in chemical and related industries. The method involves sorption of rare-earth elements and thorium contained in wet-process phosphoric acid at temperature 20-85°C, wherein the sorbent used is a sulphoxide cationite, washing the saturated sorbent with water, desorption of rare-earth elements and thorium with concentrated ammonium sulphate solution to form a desorbate, and treating the desorbate with an ammonia-containing precipitant in form of ammonium carbonate or ammonia gas, which is fed in two steps, wherein at the first step the precipitant is fed until achieving pH 4.5-5.0 with precipitation and separation of a thorium-containing precipitate, and at the second step - until achieving pH of not less than 7 with precipitation and separation of a concentrate of rare-earth elements.
 Method to extract holmium (iii) cations from nitrate solutions / 2463370
Method to extract holmium (III) cations from nitrate solutions includes ion floatation using an anion-type surfactant as a collector. Besides, the collector is dodecyl sodium sulfate in a concentration corresponding to stoichiometry of the following reaction: Ho+3+3C12H25OSO3Na=Ho[C12H25OSO3]3+3Na+, where Ho+3 - holmium cation, C12H25OSO3Na - sodium dodecyl sulfate. Moreover, ion floatation is carried out at pH=6.6-7.4, which makes it possible to achieve 90% extraction of holmium from aqueous solutions of its salts.
 Method to extract lanthanum la+3 cations from aqueous solutions / 2463369
Invention relates to the method for production of pure lanthanum or its oxides from lean or industrial raw materials by method of ion floatation. The method to extract lanthanum La+3 cations from aqueous solutions of salts includes ion floatation using an anion-type surfactant as a collector. Besides, the collector is dodecyl sodium sulfate in a concentration corresponding to the stoichiometric reaction: La+3+3NaDS=La[DS]3+3Na+, where La+3 - lanthanum cation, NaDS - dodecyl sodium sulfate. Moreover, ion floatation is carried out at pH=7.8-8.1, which makes it possible to achieve 98% extraction of lanthanum from aqueous solutions of its salts.
 Method of extraction of rare-earth elements from technological and productive solutions / 2462523
Method for extracting rare-earth elements from the technological and productive solutions containing iron (III) and aluminium, with a pH-0.5÷2.5, includes the sorption of rare-earth elements with strong-acid cation resin. As the strong-acid cation resin the microporous strong-acid cation resin is used based on hypercrosslinked polystyrene having a size of micropores 1-2 nm.
Method of phosphogypsum processing for manufacture of concentrate of rare-earth elements and gypsum / 2458999
Method of phosphogypsum processing involves leaching of phosphogypsum with sulphuric acid solution with change-over of phosphorus and rare-earth elements to the solution, and gypsum residues is obtained, rare-earth elements are extracted from the solution and the gypsum residue is neutralised with the main calcium compound. In addition, leaching is performed with sulphuric acid solution with concentration of 1-5 wt %. After that, rare-earth elements are extracted from the solution by sorption using sulfocationite in hydrogen or ammonia form with further desorption of rare-earth elements with ammonia sulphate solution. After desorption to the obtained strippant there added is ammonia or ammonium carbonate with deposition and separation of hydroxide or carbon-bearing concentrate of rare-earth elements. Extraction of rare-earth elements of medium and yttrium groups to concentrates is 41-67% and 28-51.4% respectively. Specific consumption of neutralising calcium compound per 1 kg of phosphogypsum has been reduced at least by 1.6 times.
 Method for quantitative determination of tin (ii) and (iv) ions in aqueous solutions / 2475548
Method involves extraction using as a complexing agent and an extractant a mixture of antipyrine and sulphosalicylic acid, taken in molar ratio of 3:2. Extraction is carried out in the presence of urotropin in the solution in amount of 0.05-0.15 g. After extraction, concentration of tin (II) and (IV) ions determined using a complexometric technique.
 Method of extracting copper (ii), nickel (ii) and/or cobalt (ii) ions from weakly acidic and aqueous ammonia solutions / 2472864
Invention relates to a method of extracting copper (II), nickel (II) and/or cobalt (II) ions from weakly acidic and aqueous ammonia solutions with an organic reagent, followed by re-extraction with aqueous solution of a mineral acid. The organic reagent used is N',N'-dimethylhydrazides of α-branched tertiary carboxylic acids of general formula (I)
 Para-tertbutylbenzoic acid "n', n'-dialkylhydrazides / 2448174
Invention relates to novel compounds of the N',N'-dialkylhydrazide class and can be used in copper hydrometallurgy. Para-tertbutylbenzoic acid N',N'-dialkylhydrazides of general formula tertC4H9C6H4CONHN(R)2 are obtained, where R is an aliphatic radical CnH2n+1 n=1-10. The compounds, preferably with number of carbon atoms per radical (n) from 6 to 10, are used as an extraction agent for copper (II) from ammonia solutions. Degree of extraction of copper (II) from solutions with ammonia content of up to 8 mol/l is equal to 96.5-99.4%.
 Method of extracting rare-earth metals yttrium (iii), cerium (iii) and erbium (iii) from water solutions / 2441087
Proposed method comprises contact of extragent containing rapic acid and inert latent solvent with water solution, mixing obtained mix, settling and phase separation. Kerosene is used as said inert latent solvent. Extraction is performed for 10-15 min in two steps at pH=4.5-5.5 and extragent-to-water solution ratio of 1:10. In first step, extraction is carried out at content of rapic acid in extragent of 5-7 vol. % with separation of cerium (III) and mix of yttrium (III) and erbium (III). In second step, extraction is carried out at content of rapic acid in extragent of 15-17 vol. % with separation of yttrium (III) and erbium (III).
 Procedure for processing uranium ore / 2434961
Silicate uranium ore is crushed and crumbled; further, it is leached with sulphuric acid with addition of nitric acid as oxidant. Uranium is extracted and refined from impurities using mixture of extragents. Also as mixture of extragents there is used synergetic mixture containing di(2-ethyl-hexyl)phosphoric acid - 0.05-0.075 mole/l, tri-alkyl-amine - 0.05-0.075 mole/l in hydrocarbon dissolver at ratio of volumes of organic and water phases VO-VW= 1-3÷6. Upon extraction organic phase saturated with uranium is washed with solution of sulphuric acid. Further, uranium is re-extracted with solution of coal-ammonia salts producing crystals of ammonia-uranyl-tri-carbonate and is filtered. Produced crystals are tempered to production of protoxide-oxide of uranium.
 Procedure for separation of actinoide from lanthanide in water medium by complexation and membrane filtration / 2427658
Procedure consists in stage of introduction of complex forming compound to contact with water medium containing said actinoid and one or more lanthanides. Also, the said complex forming compound in not complexated state is not retained with the said membrane and is capable to form complex with said actinoid containing the said element and at least two molecules of the said complex forming compound, also, complex is capable to be retained with the membrane. Further, there is performed the stage of water medium passing through the membrane for formation of filtrate containing water effluent depleted with said actinoid from one side, and retentate containing the said complex.
 Procedure for extraction of scandium out of scandium containing solutions, solid extractant (solex) for its extraction and procedure for production of solex / 2417267
Procedure for extraction of scandium consists in extracting scandium out of producing sulphuric acid solution whereto alkali agent is added before extraction to bring its acidity to pH equal to 2.5-3.0 on solid extractant (SOLEX) with raised selectivity to scandium. Further, scandium is re-extracted from the SOLEX after complete extraction by processing it with solution of fluorine-hydrogen acid at ratio 1:3 of water and organic phases. Successively, scandium fluoride is settled and the SOLEX is washed. Before re-extraction the SOLEX is after-saturated with a part of concentrated solution of scandium produced from preceding re-extraction. Extraction and re-extraction are performed in the same sorption unit; spent sulphuric acid solution and the SOLEX washed with water are returned for extraction of scandium. The procedure for production of the SOLEX consists in synthesis of styrene-di-vinyl-benzene with di-2-ethyl-hexyl ether of phosphoric acid at presence of initiator of copolymerisation. As initiator there is used di-nitrile of azo-di-izobutyric acid to increase strength properties of granules of extractant at the following ratio, wt %: di-2-ethyl-hexyl ether of phosphoric acid - 40-60, di-nitrile of azo-di-izobutyric acid - 3-5, ammine-methyl-phosphonic acid - 3-5, styrene-di-vinyl-benzene - the rest. Produced mixture is poured with distilled water and heated at equal ratio of water and organic phases, overflowed through a sieve and rapidly cooled at continuous mixing with formation of porous granules of the SOLEX which are cut and dried.
 Method of extracting tungsten (vi) and/or molybdenum (vi) ions from aqueous sulphate solutions / 2405049
Invention relates to a method of extracting tungsten (VI) or molybdenum (VI) ions or tungsten (VI) and molybdenum (VI) ions together or separately from aqueous sulphate solutions when they are simultaneously present in the solution using an organic reagent. The organic reagent used is N',N'-dialkylhydrazides of 2-ethylehexane acid of general formula {(H2L)+ nSO4 2-} (I), where (H2L)+ - C4H9CH(C2H5)CONHN(C5H11)2, C4H9CH(C2H5)CONHN(C7H15)2 or C4H9CH(C2H5)CONHN(C4H9CH(C2H5)CH2)2. Extraction of tungsten (VI) ions is carried out in an acidic medium with pH 3 and sulphuric acid concentration of 8 mol/l. Extraction of molybdenum (VI) ions takes is carried out in an acidic medium with pH 1.8-3.5. Combined extraction of tungsten (VI) and molybdenum (VI) ions when they are simultaneously present in the solution is carried out in acidic medium with pH 1.8 and sulphuric acid concentration of 0.5 mol/l. Separate extraction of tungsten (VI) and molybdenum (VI) ions when they are simultaneously present in the solution is carried out with sulphuric acid concentration of 4-6 mol/l.
 Procedure for extracting salts of alkali metals and silver out of water solutions / 2389812
Procedure consists in extracting salts of alkali metals and silver by picrate extraction at intensive mixing. As extractants for extraction there are used modified morpholide and pyrrolidide fragments by lower ring of stereoisomers n-tert-butylthiacalix [4]arene-5,11,17,23-tetra-tert-butyl-25,26,27,28-tetrakis[(N-pyro-lydyl-carbonyl)-metoxi]- 2,8,14,20-tetrathyacalix [4] arene and 5,11,17,23 - tetra-tert-butyl-25,26,27,28-tetraki [(N-morpholidocarbonyl)-metoxi]-2,8,14,20-tetrathyacalix [4] arene) at their interaction with cations of alkali metals and silver; there are created nano-dimension aggregates of 84 and 153 nm of composition AxBy (ABn, n=x/y), where A is cation of metal, B is molecule of extractant, n is stoichiometry of complex, x and y is number of particles of metal and extractant correspondingly.
 Separate gold and silver extraction method from thiocyanate solutions / 2385958
Method includes gold extraction in the form of thiocyanate complex by extraction by solution of tributyl phosphate in burning oil at concentration of thiocyanate-ions 0.8-1.2 mol/l. Additionally thiocyanate complexes of gold are transferred into organic phase. Then thiocyanate solution is dissolved by water and it is implemented extraction of silver at concentration of thiocyanate-ions 0.4-0.6 mol/l by extraction by mixture of tributyl phosphate-diphenyl thiocarbamide. Additionally thiocyanate complexes of silver are transferred into organic phase. Then it is implemented re-extraction of gold and silver from organic phases.
 Plant and method for water cleaning by flotation / 2478436
Invention may be used in chemical industry. Proposed plant comprises, at least, one water intake zone 31, zone 32 of water mixing at pressure and water mixing at vacuum, flotation zone 35 separated from mixing zone 32 by wall, and cleaned water draw-off zone 36 at the bottom of said flotation zone 35. Mixing zone 32 comprises, at least, one water injection nozzle 40, 91, 92 arranged nearby panel 33. At least, one part of the latter has holes 331 to separate intake zone 31 and mixing zone 32.
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FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: method of extracting yttrium (III) from salt solutions involves floatation extraction using an organic phase and a collector. The organic phase used is isooctyl alcohol. The collector used is an anionic surfactant - sodiium dodecyl suphate in a concentration which corresponds to the stoichiometry: Y+3+SDS-=Y[DS]3, where Y+3 is a yttrium cation, DS- is a dodecyl sulphate ion. Floatation extraction is carried out at pH=7.0-7.8 and ratio of the organic phase to the aqueous phase of 1/20-1/40. EFFECT: high degree of extraction of yttrium. 2 dwg, 1 ex
The invention relates to enrichment, in particular to methods for rare earth metals (REM) or their oxides from poor or man-made materials using the method of protectable. The method for extracting zinc and copper foam protectable, where as the collector used the sodium naphthenate (Demidov E, Voronin NN, Cherkasov A. Combined flotation-extraction processing technology solutions. Non-ferrous metals, No. 10, 1995, P.64-67.). The disadvantage of this method is not sufficiently complete removal of metal cations from solutions in a complex process involving two stages: flotation and extraction. The method for extracting zinc and copper method protectable using as the collector naphthenate complexes and tetrabutylammonium ions (Y.S.Kim, J.H.Shina, Y.S.Choia, W.Lee, Y.I.Lee Determination of Zinc and Lead in water samples by solvent sublation using ion pairing of metal-naphthoate complexes and tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride ion. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 2001. V.22. P.821-826). The disadvantage of this method is not sufficiently complete removal of metal ions from solution. The method for extracting cations of iron in the form of tetrachloroferrate-ions by the method of protectable (Elhanan J., Karger Century Solvent sublation of iron (III) chloride. Anal. Chem. 1968. V.41. No. 4. P.671-674), adopted for the prototype. Fluoexetine extraction was performed from aqueous solutions using as the organic phase of anisole. the quality of the collector used three-octylamine hydrochloride. Iron extraction was about 40%. This method achieves a very low degree of extraction of cations of iron. The technical result of the invention is to increase the degree of extraction of yttrium. The technical result is achieved in that in the method of extraction of yttrium (III) from solutions of salts, including protectrail organic phase and the collector, as the organic phase used isooctyl alcohol, and as a collector of used surfactants of the anionic type sodium dodecyl sulphate at a concentration corresponding to the stoichiometry of the reaction: Y+3+3DS-=Y, [DS]3, where Y+3- cations of yttrium (III), DS-- dodecyl sulphate-ion, the process of photoexcitable carried out at pH 7.0-7.8 and the ratio of organic and aqueous phase 1/20-1/40. Use as a collector of anionic type surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate provides an increase in the degree of extraction of cations of yttrium (III) in the process of protectable. Sodium dodecyl sulphate is a transport agent in this process and is not consumed. In solution, the cations of yttrium (III) form with sodium dodecyl sulfate stable complexes, which are due to the hydrophobicity of the alkyl radicals are transferred to the organic phase is isooctyl alcohol. Parameter extraction of cations of yttrium (III) t is aetsa the distribution coefficient K p. The value of Kpextracted ion between aqueous and organic phases was calculated by the ratio of the concentration [Y+3] in the organic phase to the concentration [Y+3] in aqueous solution according to the formula: K=[Y+3]org/[Y+3]aq. It is found experimentally that the value of the coefficient of distribution of yttrium between aqueous and organic phases depends on the pH of the solution. The process of protectable at pH 7,0-7,8 provides an increase in the degree of extraction of cations of yttrium (III) not less than 99%. The ratio of organic and aqueous phases 1/20 - 1/40 also provides an increase in the degree of extraction of cations of yttrium (III) not less than 99% (experimentally obtained). The method is as follows. To aqueous salt solution of yttrium (III) add collector - surfactants of the anionic type, mix, bring pH to 7,0-7,8. As anionic surfactants of the type used sodium dodecyl sulphate, the concentration of which corresponds to the specified stoichiometry of the reaction. Add the organic phase, which use isooctyl alcohol, in a ratio of organic and aqueous phase 1/20-1/40. Protectrail be performed within 15 minutes After protectable solution to analyze the content of cations of yttrium (III). The method is illustrated by example. Spend protectrail in the column, is made in view of the cylinder, the bottom of which served as a filter SCHOTT. To 200 ml of a solution of yttrium nitrate concentration of 0.001 mol/l was added anionic type surfactants sodium dodecyl sulphate in an amount corresponding to the concentration of 0.003 mol/L. pH of the aqueous solution was brought to 7.5 to 8.5. The solution was poured into a column was added 10 ml of organic phase isooctyl alcohol and was in the process of protectable within 15 minutes After protectable solution remaining in the column was analyzed for cations of yttrium (III). Figure 1 presents the dependence of the distribution coefficients of ions of yttrium (III) from the pH of aqueous solutions of salts. Figure 2 presents experimental data on photoextract.com cations of yttrium (III) from nitrate solutions of its salts using sodium dodecyl sulfate. The experiment showed that at pH values of 7.4 extraction of cations of yttrium (III) from the solution reaches not less than 99%. Thus, the method allows to increase the degree of extraction of yttrium (III) from a solution of its salts. The method of extraction of yttrium (III) from solutions of salts, including protectrail organic phase and a collector, wherein as the organic phase used isooctyl alcohol, and as a collector of used surfactants of the anionic type sodium dodecyl sulphate at a concentration corresponding to the stoichiometry of the reaction Y +3+3DS-=Y, [DS]3,
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