Device to control output voltage of power generator. RU patent 2472285.
 System of excitation of synchronous generator / 2470454Invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and may be used in electric machines for control of excitation of synchronous generators applied in autonomous sources of electric energy. The technical result is expansion of functional possibilities. The excitation system comprises a synchronous generator (1), a winding of an anchor (2) and an inductor (3), the first rectifier (4), the summing transformer (5) with the primary current (6) winding and the primary voltage winding (7), the secondary (8) winding and the control winding (9), a voltage corrector (10), an outer source of DC current (11), an electronic key (12), a current transformer (13) with a shunt (14) and the second rectifier (15), an analog to digital converter (16), the first (17) and the second (18) registers of memory, a pulse distributor (19), a pulse generator (20) of stable frequency, a subtractor (21), a setting register (22), a numerical comparator (23), the first differentiator (24), an RS-trigger (25), the second differentiator (26), a logical OR element (27), a START bus (28), a shaper-limiter (29), an inverter (30) and a logical AND element (31). |
 Device to control excitation of synchronous generator / 2465716Device to control excitation of a synchronous generator comprises a metre of rotor current, a metre of stator current and voltage, a unit of feedback by excitation current, a metre of active power, a sensor of generator voltage frequency, a unit of analog-to-digital conversion, an operational unit, a unit of digital-to-analog conversion and a unit of parameters adaptation. The operational unit and the unit of parameters adaptation are arranged as specified in the application materials. |
 Device for protection of self-excitation generator phase-advance load / 2461111In the self-excitation generator 1 containing an automatic voltage regulator 10 the phase-advance protection device contains: magnetisation current control shaper 21 (serially connected to the magnetised winding 6 and switched over to the open and closed position with control circuit 23 ARN 10 for supply of magnetisation current to the magnetised winding 6), a shaper of rotor short-circuit for phase-advance load 22 protection (connected in parallel to the magnetised winding and supplying short circuit current to the magnetised winding 6 when switched over to the open position) and a compensatory feedback circuit 30 connected as the power supply source of the magnetisation current control shaper and the shaper of rotor short-circuit for phase-advance load protection; the compensatory feedback circuit 30 contains a capacitor 32 where charge is accumulated while the magnetisation current control shaper 21 is in the open position. |
 Device to control output signal of generator / 2459344Output signal control device comprises an electric generator (100), which comprises a generator winding (103), an excitation winding (104) and a magnetising winding (102). To reduce the output voltage of the generator winding (103) to the specified value, the magnetising current is varied by increasing/decreasing the duty factor of current flow in a switching element (110), connected to the magnetising winding (102). When a unit of zero duty factor detection (2) and a unit of zero duty factor detection (3) identify that the output duty factor with a zero value continues for a preset period of time, a unit of duty factor value increase limitation (4) limits the upper limit value of the duty factor by the specified preset value as the magnetising current increases. Instead of detection of a zero value of the duty factor a unit of duty factor limitation (21a) may used to limit the duty factor with a maximum value determined by voltage of a smoothening capacitor (SC). |
 Device to control power generator output voltage / 2451388Power generator (100) comprises a generator winding (103), an excitation winding (104) and a magnetising winding (102). A smoothing capacitor (113) smoothes current generated by the excitation winding (104) and sends this current to the magnetising winding (102). A transistor (110) provides for PDM control so that the output voltage of the generator winding (103) reduces to the preset voltage. There is a diode (112), which locks the reverse flow of the magnetising current. The transistor (10), which is connected in parallel to the diode (112), is controlled as antiphased with the current of transistor (110) control. |
 Wind-driven power plant voltage and frequency regulation device / 2443903Wind-driven power plant voltage and frequency stabilisation device comprises a windwheel joined with a multiplier, the outlet of which is connected via a drive shaft with an electromagnet coupling comprising a control winding, with a rotor of a synchronous generator with permanent magnets, the following components are connected to the generator outlets - an assembly of excitation capacitors, an assembly of voltage regulation, an assembly of frequency regulation, the voltage regulation assembly comprises the first transformer-rectifier unit, a master oscillator, a pulse shaper, the first pulse amplifier, the first transistor, the emitter-collector transition of which is serially connected to a magnetisation winding placed in slots of the synchronous generator stator with permanent magnets with the main winding, the frequency regulation assembly comprises a generator of master pulses, the second pulse amplifier, the second transformer-rectifier unit and the second transistor, the emitter-collector transition of which is serially connected to the control winding of the electromagnet coupling. |
 Method of automatic excitation control of synchronous drive motor of multimachine aggregate of excavator / 2433521Method provides automatic excitation control of a synchronous drive motor of a multimachine aggregate of an excavator by excitation current regulation according to a specific signal which is generated as total reference constant signal, first correcting signal generated as constant voltage if observing an effective value of power voltage decreased below an allowable level, and second correcting signal generated as constant voltage if observing a command device in a lifting position exceeding a preset threshold value, measurement of total electric capacity of main motion drives, addition of the derived value and the reference signal and the first correcting signal, comparison of two calculated totals and generation of the specific excitation current signal equal to a maximum of two totals. |
 Electromechanical device / 2427070Electromechanical device keeps continuous rotation of electric motor shaft at lower power of power supply owing to introducing storage battery of lower power and voltage multiplier; at that, output of storage battery of lower power is connected through voltage multiplier to the first input of automatic release mechanism. |
 Ready-fitted generator / 2410832Invention refers to the sphere of electric engineering and may be used in AC generators. Ready-fitted generator includes generator facilities and the first converting element (11). Generator facilities are intended to convert mechanical energy into electric energy and comprises AC generator (2), voltage controller (4) and element of AC connection. Voltage generator (4) is intended to control magnetisation of AC generator (2) on the basis of data corresponding to voltage of AC connection element of generator facilities. AC connection element is intended to transfer electric energy from AC generator (2) to the first conversion element (11), which is designed to rectify voltage applied to AC connection element, into DC voltage. The first converting element (11) is also intended to control capacity of AC generator by variation of moment-corresponding component (Iq) of current, passing in AC connection element (2), to provide for required value of AC generator capacity. |
 Method and device of current control in excitation windings of electric machines / 2397599In control method and device the independent current control in excitation windings of electric machines is performed owing to smooth change of input electric resistance of the device. For that purpose, to power source enveloped with bypass diode there connected through reactor is intermediate accumulator of electric energy of high capacity. Smooth current control in excitation windings is provided with double-action power semiconductor devices which are connected to energy storage unit. |
 Generator voltage regulator / 2244998Proposed voltage regulator has power transistor switch, dropping diode, comparator, circuit of series-connected controlled current sources, and measuring element that generates control currents with antiphase ac component for controlled current sources. Newly introduced in device are temperature sensor protection unit, two controlled switches, regulated power supply, capacitor connected through one lead to comparator input and to point of connection of controlled current sources, its other lead being connected to output and common leads of regulated power supply. |
 Power supply system for feeding mobile objects at two voltage levels / 2261512Proposed power supply system designed for installation in mobile objects equipped with 12-V charging system which is connected to first-level storage battery and through first contact members of newly introduced controlled switching device built around contactor whose coil is connected to IGNITION switch, to input of semiconductor converter whose output is connected through second contact members to second-level storage battery. Voltage divider is connected through first and second contact members of switching device to second-level storage battery; input-current feedback is applied to input of semiconductor converter. |
 Dc generator voltage regulator / 2263390Proposed dc generator voltage regulator has fuse, voltage measuring element, transistor switch, self-excitation relay, two diodes, overvoltage protective unit, and two resistors. Overvoltage protective unit is provided with output break contact and its measuring input is connected to third lead of voltage regulator which is connected to plus bus through series-connected transistor switch shorted out by break contact of self-excitation relay and through output break contact of overvoltage protective unit; power bus of overvoltage protective unit is connected to cathode of second diode and its common bus, to minus bus. |
 Pulse-operated voltage regulator / 2277748Proposed voltage regulator has metering section, reference-voltage supply, comparison circuit, power transistor, controllable multivibrator, AND gate, diode, inductance coil, capacitor, frequency comparator, sparking frequency sensor, and pulse-operated step-down voltage stabilizer. |
 Segmental power generator control system / 2277749Proposed device has field winding, stator windings, rectifier circuit diodes, voltage regulator, and storage battery, as well as newly introduced step-up transformer with windings, diode, and storage capacitor. |
 Autonomous electric power system / 2284644Autonomous electric power system additionally contains three-phased rectifier with smoothing filter, automatic release and block for automatic power adjustment. First, second and third outputs of synchronous generator with excitation device are connected respectively to first, second and third inputs of three-phased rectifier with smoothing filter. Output of rectifier is connected through automatic power adjustment block to first input of automatic release. Second input of release is connected to rheostat output. Output of release is connected to input of direct current electric motor. |
 Pulse voltage regulator / 2292628Newly introduced in voltage regulator that has metering section 1, reference-voltage supply 6, comparison circuit 2 whose inputs are connected to outputs of reference-voltage supply 6 and metering section 1, power transistor 8, controlled multivibrator 4, AND gate 3 whose output is connected to control input of multivibrator 4 whose output is connected to base of transistor 8, diode 10, inductance coil 9 and capacitor 11, frequency comparator 7, arc-formation rate sensor 5 whose output is connected to input of frequency comparator 7, output of the latter being connected to first input of AND circuit 3 and that of comparison circuit 2, to second input of AND circuit 3, are microphone 12 disposed in storage battery monoblock unit, amplifier 12, band filter 14, detector 15, and comparator 16 whose output is connected to third input of AND circuit 3. |
 Synchronous generator with precision control system / 2295192Proposed synchronous generator has precision control system, stator windings, and field winding, as well as two bridge rectifiers; field winding is connected to output of first rectifier and control unit, to output of second rectifier; stator winding leads are interconnected in star; auxiliary leads are connected to input of first rectifier. Field winding is made in the form of parallel-interconnected coils which are connected to first-rectifier output. Second-rectifier input is connected to loose leads of stator winding. Control unit is built of regulating assembly and control device. Regulating-assembly inputs are connected to control device through its regulating member and its outputs are connected to field winding. Inputs of control device are connected to second-rectifier output and outputs, to regulating assembly. |
 Motor-car generator unit / 2305362Newly introduced in voltage regulator circuit are two additional transistors, two resistors, and potentiometer; resistors are series-connected into collector circuits of transistors and potentiometer is connected in parallel with one of diodes of generator plus bus; central lead of potentiometer is connected to base of first additional transistor whose emitter is connected in parallel with anode of diode parallel-connected to potentiometer and collector of this transistor, to base of second additional transistor and to one lead of resistor whose other lead is connected to minus bus of voltage regulator; second additional transistor and resistor also connected into its collector circuit are connected in parallel with upper arm of voltage-regulator divider; minus bus of voltage regulator is connected to motor-car ground through circuit breaker. |
 Device for stabilizing power voltage of automatics devices on vehicles / 2307450In accordance to the invention, in a device, containing generator with self-excitation, rectifier, smoothing filter, load, bridged by diode in reverse direction, source of stabilized voltage, frequency detector, output of smoothing filter is connected to input of generator voltage regulator, output of which is connected to control input of first key element, output of which is made in form of transistor, coupled between output of smoothing filter of rectified voltage of generator and excitation winding of generator, bridged by diode in reverse direction, to output of smoothing filter the input of first threshold element is connected, first output of which is connected to controlling input of second key element, output element of which is made in form of normally closed relay contact, which bridges the transistor of the first key element, and second output of first threshold element is connected to first controlling input of third key element, coupled between output of smoothing filter and load, output of frequency detector is connected to input of hysteresis threshold element, output of which is connected to second control input of third key element. |
FIELD: electricity.
SUBSTANCE: in a device to control output voltage of a power generator (1), comprising a generator winding (2) and an excitation winding (3), wound onto a stator, a magnetising winding (5), wound onto a rotor, and a rectifier (12), which rectifies current generated by the excitation winding (3), and sends rectified current to the magnetising winding (5), output voltage is compared, generated by the generator winding (2), with a reference oscillation, distortion ratio of which is 0%, based on results of this comparison, the generation unit (24) adjusts the moment of generation of output width and pulse modulation signals, and also there is a circuit to generate a magnetising current (20), which sends magnetising current to a magnetising winding (5).
EFFECT: improved distortion of a shape of power generator output oscillation, universality and low costs.
4 cl, 5 dwg
The technical field
The present invention relates to the control device, the output voltage of alternating current generator with generator winding of the excitation winding and magnetizing coil, in particular, refers to the device control output voltage the alternating current generator, allowing to improve the distortion of the shape of the oscillations of the output voltage.
The existing level of technology
As the device control output voltage of the generator, as shown, for example, in the description of the Patent 1, famous automatic voltage regulator the alternating current generator with the generator winding and winding wound on the stator, magnetizing coil wound on the rotor, rotating wheel drive, and a rectifier, which straightens current generated by the above mentioned excitation winding, and presenting the current mentioned magnetizing coil, while the regulator stabilizes at a predetermined level voltage, supplied with the generator windings, running current, which is formed on the mentioned excitation winding.
Of control devices the output voltage of this type as a way improve distortion output voltage issued with the generator windings of the electric generator is used to modify the number of windings in the relevant clearances stator windings, as well as the phase shift and damping winding, which allows to achieve almost sinusoidal voltage.
As shown, for example, in the description of the Patent 2, to reduce torque ripples in synchronous machines, induction machines, etc. when used as motor or for improving the form of voltage when using these machines as generators, the phase shift is created the formation of a layer of electromagnetic steel plates, curled around a rotor or clearance. Application of the phase shift creates the effect of reducing the torque ripples and improve the shape of the generated voltage due to the suppression of sharp changes in the magnetic flux, magnetic associated with winding.
As for damping winding, as shown, for example, in the description of the Patent 3, in the magnetic poles of the rotor at equal intervals established several gaps in the same form in these gaps inserted conducting rods identical form of copper or brass, and both ends conducting rods sealed in a closed ring, thus forming a damping winding. Although damping winding intended for purposes such as preventing displacement, suppression reverse phase current, etc. is located on the iron core of the closed magnetic poles electric rotary closed poles, the shape of the output voltage can be enhanced by the location of the damping of the winding with some of its offset from the center of the iron core with closed magnetic poles.
Description of the Patent posted 1 patent application Japan №8-140400
Description Patent 2 tiled patent application Japan №2004-248422
Description of the Patent 3 tiled patent application Japan №4-172933
Summary of the invention
Technical problems
However, under the above configuration winding to improve the shape of the output voltage control form voltage implemented only under the condition that the load pre-defined, so when the load factor of the generator is different from the given value, THD absolutely does not improve, or if you have even conditions for its deterioration.
In addition, there arises the problem of what to implement phase shift and damping of the winding requires some technological costs and thus the cost of production increases.
Thus, you want the device to control the output voltage of the generator that uses this method to improve the coefficient of distortion that would be effective in any conditions of load, and would not increase production costs.
The aim of the present invention, offered the position described above, is the provision of electronic controls the output voltage of the generator, which is universal and can be implemented at low cost, while providing improved distortion output voltage the alternating current generator.
Solution
To achieve the above goals the present invention, in accordance with the first feature (paragraph 1), differs in that the device control output voltage generator (1), which is the generator windings (2) and winding excitation (3)wound on the stator, magnetizing coil (5), wound on the rotor (4), which is spinning-wheel drive, and a rectifier (12), which straightens current generated by the mentioned excitation winding (3) and takes the current mentioned magnetizing coil (5), there is a functional the set of magnetizing current (20), which takes the magnetizing current at the mentioned magnetizing coil (5) adjustment of the time of forming of the output signal PWM (pulse width modulation).
The second feature of the present invention is that in the controller the output voltage of the generator, in accordance with paragraph 1 of the mentioned functional block the formation of magnetizing current (20) contains:
the AC voltage detection (22), which specifies the output voltage generated on the mentioned generator winding (2),
the record block reference oscillation (21), who writes as a reference oscillations of a sine wave, the amount of distortion which is 0%,
the block of comparison (23), which compares mentioned output voltage mentioned with reference to fluctuation,
the forming unit (24), which increases/decreases the delay time of formation of the mentioned output PWM based on the result obtained by the mentioned block of comparison (23).
The third peculiarity of the present invention, paragraph 2, is that in the controller the output voltage of the generator, in accordance with paragraph 1, a comparison of the output voltage with reference to fluctuation in the mentioned block of comparison (23) is synchronous with the time of excitation of the mentioned generator (1).
Fourth the peculiarity of the present invention, paragraph 3, is that in the controller the output voltage of the generator under paragraph 1 of the mentioned functional block the formation of magnetizing current (20) contains the record block tabular data (25), which records moments of formation the PWM signals, which factors are minimized distortion, some of the previously computed factor data distortions for various types of work conditions mentioned generator (1), and which are internal data referred to different types of work conditions, and defines time of formation of the mentioned magnetizing current in accordance with these internal data defined depending on different types of work conditions mentioned generator (1).
The fifth feature of the present invention, paragraph 4, is that the device control the output voltage of the generator to paragraph 3 of the defining moments of the formation of the magnetizing current is carried out in accordance with the internal data defined depending on the different types of operating conditions of a power generator (1), and is in sync with the times excitation mentioned generator (1).
The predominant effects of the invention
In accordance with the present invention, with the first feature (paragraph 1), when the magnetizing current is flowing in magnetizing coil (5)the regulation of the time of forming of the output signal PWM through functional block the formation of magnetizing current of 20, it is possible to combine the initial phase PWM formation magnetizing current with the times, when adjusted odds distortion, and thus it becomes possible to adjust the amount of distortion so that it will be on the point of minimum.
In accordance with the present invention, with the second feature, the amount of distortion output voltage can be improved by the fact that the form of the output voltage generated by the generator (1), compared with the written form of the reference voltage, and magnetizing current managed by increasing/decreasing the delay time of formation of the output signal PWM so that the difference between the output voltage form and shape of the reference voltage is minimized.
In accordance with the present invention, with the third feature, the amount of distortion output voltage can be improved on each predefined constant cycle of the fact that the comparison of the output voltage with reference to the fluctuation is synchronous with the moment of excitation of the generator (1).
In accordance with the present invention, with the fourth feature, THD the output voltage can be improved by the fact that, in the management of magnetizing current is the delay of the torque signal PWM previously recorded in the record block tabular data (25) in accordance with the working conditions of the generator (1), internal data, in which becomes minimum THD.
In accordance with the present invention, with the fifth feature, the amount of distortion output voltage can be improved on each predefined constant cycle that moments of formation of the magnetizing current is determined in accordance with internal data and synchronously with moments of excitation of the generator (1)
A brief description of drawings
Figure 1 - the image explaining the configuration of the main components of the generator, containing the device to control the output voltage of the generator, in accordance with one the implementation of the present invention.
Figure 2 - image of the timing diagram of formation of the magnetization, which shows the time of the PWM signals, corresponding to the form of the variations of output voltage of the generator, created by the device controls the output voltage of the present invention.
Figure 4 - the image of a graph that shows the relationship between the phase PWM signal ratio distortion output voltage corresponding to the load on the controller the output voltage of the present invention.
Figure 5 - the image of a flowchart that shows another example configuration scheme of formation of the magnetizing current in the device control output voltage of the generator of the present invention.
Description of the implementation of the invention
Further, with reference to the figures in the drawings will be described in detail the present invention. Figure 1 presents an image explaining the configuration of the main components of the electric generator, containing the device controls the output voltage according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Generator 1 is a famous alternator and contains the generator winding 2 and the excitation winding 3 wound on the stator, and magnetizing coil 5 wound on the rotor 4. On the rotor 4 is installed a permanent magnet 6 to generate the excitation current.
The rotor 4 synchronously rotating motor drive (not shown). To centrifugal wheel 7 engine which rotates synchronously through the crankshaft relative to the rotor 4 attached permanent magnet 8 and winding determine the motor phases 9, located near flywheel 7, read the time of excitation of motor phase angle of the engine.
Magnetizing coil 5 connected through the brush 11 to automatic voltage regulator (ARN) 10. Automatic voltage regulator 10 contains rectifier 12, the input of which is connected both ends of the winding 3, capacitor 13, located between the rectifier 12 and the earth, and intended to smooth the output voltage of the rectifier 12, blocking diode 14, connected in parallel magnetizing coil 5, transistor 15 to power magnetizing coil 5 magnetizing current when the vehicle is unlocked and locking the transistor, and the scheme of formation of the magnetizing current (functional block the formation of magnetizing current) 20 for control of pulse-width modulation (PWM) magnetizing current. One end of the magnetizing coil 5 is connected to the rectifier output 12, and the other end magnetizing coil 5 is connected to the collector transistor 15.
Locking diode 14 is set to smooth the magnetizing current and voltage surge suppression, which arise at the moment of termination of the supply voltage when the magnetizing current passing in magnetizing coil 5, controlled by PWM.
The scheme of formation of the magnetizing current 20 contains a record block reference fluctuations 21 to write a sinusoid (reference oscillation), which is a standard unit voltage detection 22 to define the shape of the oscillations of the output voltage of the generator 1, the block of comparison 23 for comparison, the reference fluctuations form fluctuations the output voltage and the set of 24, which sends a signal formation on the transistor 15.
The record block reference fluctuations 21 first calculates the sine wave, the amount of distortion which previously assumed to be 0%, and writes this sine wave on the reference fluctuations.
The AC voltage detection 22 connected to the generator winding 2 to determine the output voltage of the generator 1.
The block of comparison 23 calculates the difference δ between the reference oscillation and the shape of the oscillations of the output voltage. The mentioned difference δ between the reference oscillation and the shape of the oscillations of the output voltage is defined as m=∫ (output voltage - reference sine wave) dt and corresponds to the region of oblique lines of the form of the variations of output voltage, shown in figure 2.
When calculating the difference δ between the reference oscillation and the shape of the oscillations of the output voltage which makes the block of comparison 23 (comparison of output voltage with reference oscillation), permanent magnet 8 attached to the flight wheel 7, is determined by the phase angle of the engine (the time of excitation), this value is set as the reference point (definition signal phase motor figure 2) and is determined by the initial moment Tf PWM generate a magnetic field control lag, using the reference point the moment of the beginning of reference.
The difference δ between the reference oscillation and form fluctuations of the output voltage is calculated by the block of comparison 23 synchronously with the time of the initiation of the engine, the introduction to this reference point in time with winding determine the motor phases 9 and calculating and setting the calculated time difference 8 in each subsequent time the moment the motor excitation.
The set of 24 regulates the time of forming of the output signal PWM increases or decreases delay the moment of formation of the magnetizing field Tf in order to minimize the difference δ between the reference oscillation and the shape of the oscillations of the output voltage, and also delivers the magnetizing current on magnetizing coil 5 running unlocking and locking transistor 15 submission of a PWM signal to the base of transistor 15.
Increase/decrease delay the moment of formation of the magnetizing field Tf is conducted in accordance with the flowchart shown in Figure 3.
Magnetizing current is controlled by the delay of the initial moment of time Tf signal PWM forming the magnetizing current, relative to the reference point in time. As the initial values of the delay relative to the reference time The first set Tf0.
First, when calculating the time (the time of the first excitation) calculates the difference δn between the reference oscillation and the shape of the oscillations of the output voltage (phase 31).
Then the value obtained by adding the specified value dt, which is a predefined constant, to the initial value Tf0 latency reference point in time That is set as the new starting time of formation of the magnetizing field Tf (item 32).
The next calculation of time (the time of the third excitation) calculates the difference δ n+1 between the reference oscillation and the shape of the oscillations of the output voltage (phase 33).
When δn compared with δ n+1 (item 34) and δ n+1 is more than δn , δ n+1 is replaced by δn (phase 35), the amount received by the addition of a pre-defined value dt to Tf in the previous point calculations (time calculations δ n+1 ), is set as the new value of time Tf formation of a magnetic field (phase 32).
When δn compared with δ n+1 (item 34) and δ n+1 is more than δn , δ n+1 is replaced by δn (phase 36), and the value obtained by subtracting a pre-defined value dt of Tf in the previous point calculations (time calculations δ n+1 ), is set as the new value of time Tf formation of a magnetic field (phase 37).
After that sequentially (in each subsequent time excitation) is adjusted (increased or decreased) delay time of formation of Tf PWM signal that controls the magnetizing current, repeat the operations in such a way that minimizes the difference between the reference δ hesitation and the shape of the oscillations of the output voltage.
Next will be described in the scheme of formation of the magnetizing current of 20, shown in figure 1.
When the rotor 4 rotates engine, or similar drive, then the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 6 induced current excitation 3. This current is rectified rectifier 8 and served on magnetizing coil 5 as a constant excitation current.
When the generator 1 current passing by magnetizing coil 5, induced current in the generator winding 2, then the magnetic field generated by this current, on magnetizing coil 5 induced back electromotive force. Because the current passing by magnetizing coil 5, increases/decreases this back electromotive force, the output voltage of the generator windings 2 changes.
Voltage (output voltage of the generator 1)arising on generator coil 2, shall be determined in accordance with the current passing by magnetizing coil 5. In addition, it is known that the amount of distortion output voltage changes phase (time) of the PWM, managing magnetizing current.
Note that if components DC voltage AC with non-sinusoidal shape fluctuations are denoted by V 0 , V 1 , V 2 , V 3 ... (corresponding current values), the coefficient of distortion (k%) is the ratio of the total harmonics and fundamental oscillation and is calculated by the following equation.
[Equation 1]
Thus, the implementation of the invention provides control so that the form variations of output voltage force is approaching the reference to fluctuation in the definition of the output voltage of the generator windings 2, a comparison of the shape of the oscillations of the output voltage with reference to the fluctuation of the scheme of formation of magnetizing current (functional block formation magnetizing current) 20 and variable adjustment of the delay time of formation of the PWM.
That is, the amount of distortion output voltage can be improved variable setting of the time of formation of the PWM, which is the magnetizing current of magnetizing coil 5, and forced approaching of form of the variations of output voltage that occur on generator coil 2, to the form of the reference fluctuations.
For example, when the generator 1 connected different load a, b, C and D, even if the phases of its formation output PWM, coefficients distortions are minimized to the corresponding loads are different, as shown in figure 4, the chances of generating output PWM signals are configured by the control scheme magnetizing current of 20 so that the initial phase of a signal PWM control magnetizing current can be combined with the moments of correction of distortion of shape oscillations. As a result, the amount of distortion output voltage can take the minimum value in accordance with this load,
Figure 5 shows another example of the implementation of the scheme of formation of the magnetizing current (functional block the formation of magnetizing current) 20. While the scheme of formation of the magnetizing current of 20 figure 1 defines the time of formation of magnetizing current, consistently defining the form of the output voltage and comparing the shape of the output voltage with reference oscillation (calculation method using the form fluctuations of output voltage), in this example, the invention, the definition of the moment of formation of the magnetizing current is conducted the use of pre-recorded internal data (tabular data), i.e. the method references to table data.
Namely, the scheme of formation of the magnetizing current of 20 contains a record block tabular data 25 to capture moments in time of formation of the PWM signals, as elements of a table data block determining the working conditions, 26 to determine the different types of environments of electric generator 1, block select tabular data 27 for defining the moment of formation of choice tabular data according to different types of operating conditions of a power generator 1 and the set of 26 to supply control signals for the transistor 15 at the time of formation, determined from table data.
The record block tabular data 25 pre receives as working conditions and information about factors are distortions of the form sinusoidal output voltage of the generator at 1 the use of various loads, data on utilization of capacity load, data on the number of revolutions of the engine and other data and stores the time of formation of the PWM signals, which minimized distortion factor of output voltage, corresponding to different types of working conditions in the form of the elements of tabular data.
The block of defining working conditions, 26 connected to the generator winding 2 and defines the output voltage of the generator 1. In addition, the block definition of working conditions, 26 defines the different types of operating conditions of a power generator 1, such as load currents, the utilization of capacity load, the number of rotations of the engine and other data relevant sensors (not shown)that are installed on the generator 1.
Block selection table data 27 chooses tabular data that minimizes distortion factor under specific operating conditions in accordance with the different types of operating conditions of a power generator 1, defined by the block of defining working conditions, 26, and sets the time of formation of the magnetizing current.
Tabular data that correspond to the operating state it was in this moment of time, are selected simultaneously with moments of agitation in each new moment the motor excitation input reference point in time in the section for selecting tabular data 27 of winding definition phase motor 9.
Block the formation of 24 provides management unlocking/locking the transistor 15 submission of a PWM signal to the base of transistor 15 at the time of formation, when given a PWM signal in accordance with table data, selected the block select tabular data 27, and sends the magnetizing current magnetizing coil 5.
In accordance with the various types of implementation schemes for the formation of magnetizing current (functional block the formation of magnetizing current) 20 above, when magnetizing current is sent to the magnetizing coil 5, time of formation output PWM regulated by the scheme of formation of magnetizing current 20. So the initial phase PWM formation magnetizing current line up with the times, which is adjusted distortion fluctuations, and the amount of distortion output voltage of the generator may 1 to be improved through forced approximation of the output voltage to the form sinusoidal.
Therefore, while improving distortion output fluctuations alternating current generator it is possible to improve the rate distortion output voltage adjustment time the formation of the output signal PWM through a scheme of the formation of the magnetizing current of 20, and therefore such an improvement can only be obtained by a change of the program, without additional hardware components, resulting in the improvement of the coefficient of distortion is universal in nature, and this improvement can be implemented with little cost.
The list of references
1 - electric generator
2 - generator winding
3 - winding
4 - rotor
5 - magnetizing coil
6 - permanent magnet
7 - the flywheel
8 - a permanent magnet
9 - winding definition phase engine
10 - automatic voltage regulator (ARN)
12 - rectifier
14 - blocking diode
20 - the scheme of formation of the magnetizing current (functional block the formation of magnetizing current)
21 - write block reference fluctuations
the 22 - unit voltage detection
23 - block of comparison
24 - forming unit
25 - unit records tabular data
26 - the block of defining the working conditions
27 - block select tabular data
1. The device controls the output voltage of the generator, containing of the generator winding and winding wound on the stator, magnetizing coil wound on the rotor, and the rectifier, which straightens current generated by the mentioned excitation winding, and delivers the rectified current at the mentioned magnetizing coil, in which the control device, the output voltage of the generator, characterized in that it contains: functional block the formation of magnetizing current, which passes magnetizing current at the mentioned magnetizing coil regulation initial moment of formation of the output signal PWM mentioned functional block the formation of magnetizing current contains: block determine the voltage that defines the tension on the mentioned generator winding; the record block reference fluctuations that writes a sine wave on the reference fluctuations, distortion factor that has 0%; block of comparison that compares mentioned output voltage mentioned with reference to the fluctuation; block forming, which increases/decreases the delay start time of formation of the mentioned output PWM based on the results obtained from the said block of comparison, the forming unit regulates the initial moment of time of formation of the output signal PWM increases or decreases delay the moment of formation of the magnetizing field Tf order to minimize the difference between the reference oscillation and the shape of the oscillations of the output voltage.
2. The device controls the output voltage of the generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the comparison of the output voltage and the reference fluctuations in the block of comparison is performed synchronously with the moment of excitation of the generator.
3. The device controls the output voltage of the generator according to claim 1, wherein the functional block of formation of the magnetizing current contains the record block tabular data, which records the initial moments of the formation of the PWM signals, which minimize the odds of distortions, which are determined from a previously computed factor data for distortion different types of operating conditions of a power generator, and which are internal data referred to different types of work conditions, and determines the initial moments of time of formation of the mentioned magnetizing current in accordance with these internal data, as determined by different types of operating conditions of a power generator.
4. The device controls the output voltage of the generator according to claim 3, wherein the definition of the basic problems of formation of the magnetizing current, which is based on internal data according to different types of operating conditions of a power generator, is held simultaneously with moments of excitation of the generator.