Machine with modified drain grate for compaction of wet wastes

IPC classes for russian patent Machine with modified drain grate for compaction of wet wastes (RU 2434751):

B30B9/26 - Permeable casings or strainers

B30B9/14 - operating with only one screw or worm

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FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to wet wastes compaction equipment. Proposed machine comprises at least Archimedes' screw revolving about its lengthwise axis and drain grate. Said grate comprises perforated part with at least arched section to fit Archimedes' screw spiral. Arched section allows passage of liquid substances. Elastically-deformable adjusting means are coupled with said perforated part. Said means ensure permanent fit of arched section with Archimedes' screw spiral and move off from said spiral after application of force directed from spiral to arched section.

EFFECT: reliable operation in case solid body is entrapped between drain grate and screw.

7 cl, 6 dwg

The technical FIELD

The present invention relates to a machine with an improved drainage grate for sealing wet waste.

The LEVEL of TECHNOLOGY

Known machines for the compaction of wet solid waste, for example, formed as a result of animals, production processes, wastewater discharges, activities livestock farms and, generally speaking, as a result of any processes that generate solid wastes containing significant amounts of water. In such machines used by Archimedes screw, transporting waste from the loading zone where the waste is introduced into the machine, for example by using the boot of the bucket, in the discharge zone, where they after removal of moisture and compaction unloaded. In the download area or directly behind it, usually installed perforated drainage grating for the initial removal of the liquid and the release of waste from the greater part of the liquid. This lattice is usually located at the entrance of the Archimedes screw, as in this area the amount of liquid in the solid waste the most. The liquid emerging from the grating, is the collection of liquid and solid particles, released from the liquid, compressed and transported Archimedean screw to the discharge place, located behind them.

Drainage grating contains arcuate perforated de is al, which during operation of the machine must remain essentially in contact with the helix of the screw, in order to optimize the operation of the machine and to provide transportation of solids and removal of the fluid.

Known machines of this type have several disadvantages. It was found that between the drain with grid and screw can hook solid, and if it is very hard (such as stone), it can happen full stop screw, and in some cases failure.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the known machines by creating a machine in which the drainage grate is permanently attached to the spiral of the screw.

Technical result provided by the invention, is that the bars in the car is kept in contact with the helix of the screw without any operator intervention.

Another advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the machine continues to operate without risk of damage even when hitting a solid body between the bars and the spiral of the screw.

These and other objectives of the invention are explained in detail in the description below and are reached in the machine described and claimed in the present patent application.

Description of the INVENTION

Other features and advantages of the invention will be understood upon consideration of the detailed description of a preferred but not the only possible is wow, options for performing machine according to the invention and the drawings, in which:

1 schematically depicts a perspective view of the machine according to the invention, in which some parts are shown partially, and others not shown at all,

figure 2 depicts a perspective view of the grill of the machine shown in figure 1,

figure 3 depicts a section of the lattice, shown in figure 2, along the line III-III in figure 2,

figure 4 schematically depicts the lattice and Archimedes screw according to Fig 1, 2 and 3 in the plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the Archimedes screw, and the lattice shown in dotted lines, is at a distance from the screw

figure 5 shows in enlarged scale a fragment of figure 3 and

6 depicts in enlarged scale a fragment of figure 4, corresponding to the dotted line.

In the drawings, the digital position 1 indicated the drainage grate machine 4, which is designed for compaction of wet waste. Similarly, the known machines machine 4 includes an Archimedes screw 7, which rotates around its longitudinal axis X from the engine (not shown) inside the housing 11. The drainage grate 1 machine contains a perforated item 16, having at least an arcuate portion 17 for contact with the helix 10 of the Archimedes screw 7, which may be of any type, for example with a Central shaft or without him. Usually, but not necessarily, the screw 7 can rise to tra is to sortirovat solid waste from the bottom up.

Wet waste 2 are usually served in the machine using the boot of the bucket (not shown). During the rotation of the Archimedes screw 7 of its spiral captures and moves contained in the waste solids up, while contained in the waste liquid 3 seeps through the drainage grate and discharged to the outside, and compacted solid waste components are unloaded from the upper part (not shown) of the screw 7.

According to the invention the drainage grate 1 is equipped with a stationary support structure 13, which is connected with the body 11 of the screw 7.

Stationary supporting structure 13 has two opposite side walls 14 essentially parallel to each other and to the axis X of rotation of the screw 7, and two opposite end walls 15, arranged essentially parallel to each other and transversely to the side walls 14. End wall 15 facing the housing has a cavity whose shape is essentially the same as the transverse profile of the receiving chute screw inside the housing 11. If waste is fed from above, the front end wall may be closed, and if the waste is fed from the front, it can be provided with cavities.

As seen in the drawings, the drainage grate 1 contains perforated plate part 16, made preferably of plastic material and which transmits only the liquid substance contained in the treated waste 2. is etale 16 has at least arcuate perforated portion 17, tend to fit to the spiral 10 screw 7 as it rotates. Arcuate portion 17 preferably has a lot of conical holes 17A, the transverse dimensions of which gradually increases as the distance from the screw 7, to facilitate the removal of liquids and that the lattice does not clog solids, which can fall into the hole.

As seen in the drawings, the arcuate profile of the part 17 is identical to the profile shape of the helix 10 in the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the screw 7, to ensure full adherence arcuate portion 17 to the spiral. In other words, the arcuate portion 17 and the coil 10 have essentially the same curvature and therefore are always in contact with each other.

Arcuate portion 17 is connected with the supporting part 18, which serves for holding the arcuate portion 17 is essentially suspended. The support portion 18 includes at least two of the connecting element 19, rigidly connected with the opposite ends 17b (Fig 3 and 4) curved part 17. The connecting elements 19 are attached suitable fastening means 20 to the upper part of the respective side walls 14 of the stationary supporting structure 13.

Each of the drainage grate 1 also contains the adjusting means 21, functionally associated with perforated detail 16 for holding the arcuate portion 17 in which ontake spiral 10 screws. In particular, the adjusting means 21 is functionally connected to the curved part 17 to hold it in constant contact with the helix. For this purpose, the adjusting means 21 is made elastically deformable in order automatically to ensure continuous adherence arcuate portion 17 to the spiral 10. The elasticity adjusting means 21 allows the arcuate portion 17 to move away from the spiral 10, if the arcuate portion has one or more forces from the rigid body 2A (figure 4), wedged between it and the coil 10. When a hard solid body 2A, for example stone, wedged between the coil 10 and the curved part 17, the adjusting means 21 are deformed by pushing on the time arcuate portion 17 from the spiral 10 by a distance sufficient to ensure that the solid body 2A can move in a spiral 10 without stopping or damage to the screw 7.

To compensate for the wear of each of the drainage grate 1 due to friction between it and the coil 10 is also provided preliminary elastic tension adjusting means 21 for maintaining contact between the curved part 17 and the spiral 10. The adjusting means 21 press the curved part 17 to the spiral 10, providing a permanent seal.

The adjusting means 21 is connected with the supporting part 18 drainage grates, predpochtitelno made in one piece with the connecting elements 19 of the supporting part.

As can be seen in figure 3 and 4, the adjusting means 21 is made in the form of two projections 21A, one for each connecting element 19. The protrusion 21A moves away from the coupling element 19 in the transverse direction. Each protrusion 21A has a curved shape, preferably the shape of an arc of a circle, and two of its opposite surfaces 21b, s (Fig 3 and 4) is curved in an arc. Arcuate plate structure of the projections 21A behaves as a flat spring bent in an arc of a circle, and works on almost bending.

Each protrusion 21A has a convex surface 21b facing the convex surface 21b of the other protrusion 21A and the concave surface s, facing outwards. Both protrusions 21A are arranged at equal distance from the arcuate portion 17 and divide the corresponding coupling element 19 on the intermediate section 19a located between the curved part 17 and a corresponding protrusion 21A, and the tail section 19b located on the opposite side of this ledge 21A.

As shown in figure 3 and 4, the above-mentioned mounting means 20 includes, for each connecting element 19, at least the limiter 22, made at least partially elastically deformable. Each limiter 22 contains at least the sleeve 22A, can deform elastically completely. The sleeve 22A prefer is Ino made of rubber or another elastic material.

As can be seen in figure 3 and 4, the sleeve 22A is inserted into the through hole 23 in the respective connecting element 19 and the mounting hole 24 in the stationary supporting structure 13, coaxially with a through hole 23.

Each stop 22 also includes at least a fixing element 22b, such as a bolt, is inserted into the hole of the sleeve 22A side of the perforated parts 16 and connected with a fixed support structure 13, for example screwed into it.

The fastening cylindrical fasteners 22b in each hole 24 provides a relatively stable position of the perforated part 16 on the stationary supporting structure 13. However, perforated detail 16 may take small translational motion and/or oscillation due to the deformability of the sleeves 22A.

The present invention solves the problems existing in this area, and ensures the achievement of this goal.

First, when the amount of waste generated in the machine, made according to the invention, there is a perfect drainage of the liquids contained in the waste.

Further, the elasticity and the initial tension of deformable elements of the drainage grates provide a permanent seal arcuate portion or sieve to the spiral arhimedova screws, even after wear of the gratings, and the passage of hard solids, is the quiet can get in between the bars and spiral during these operations division. If the adjustment means, i.e. deformable grating elements, pre-stressed, then the grating may wear out due to constant rubbing against her spiral screw. The arcuate portion is in constant contact with the helix of the screw, preventing unwanted appearance of voids between them, which can get a solid body, which could lead to deterioration or even complete breakdown of the machine. However, due to the fact that the arcuate portion when the pressure on it "served" with overcoming its elastic force, any rigid body that can get in between the bars and spiral, will get a big kick out of the spiral and out of the grid.

These benefits have a large impact on the quality of the separation and compression of the final material. They also have a positive effect on reducing the operational costs associated with repair, replacement and/or cleaning of machine parts for service stations.

In conclusion, we can say that the proposed machine has a function of closing the gap between the bars and spiral Archimedean screw, as well as automatic and temporary assignment of an array of spiral for the passage of solids that can get between them. The magnitude of the displacements of the lattice depends on the size and shape described above, reguliavo the funds, as well as the size and material of the bushings 22A.

The length of the grating along its axis may vary depending on the destination machine. In addition, depending on the needs in one machine can be equipped with two or more of the above arrays.

1. Machine (4) for sealing the wet waste (2)containing at least Archimedes screw (7)mounted for rotation around its longitudinal axis (X), the drainage grate (1), containing a perforated part (16)having at least an arcuate portion (17) to fit to the spiral (10) of the Archimedes screw (7), capable of flowing liquids, the adjusting means (21)connected with perforated detail (16) and made providersmichelin to ensure constant contact arc-shaped part (17) to spiral Archimedean screw (7) and the possibility of waste arcuate portion of said spiral (10) after application at least force directed from the coil (10) to the arc-shaped part (17).

2. Machine according to claim 1, in which the adjusting means (21) elastically strained to maintain fit arcuate portion (17) to the coil (10) of the Archimedes screw (7).

3. Machine according to claim 1, in which the adjusting means (21) connected with the supporting part (18) of the lattice (1)connected to the curved part (17).

4. Machine according to claim 3, in which the support part (18) contains Myung is our least two of the connecting element (19), which are connected with the opposite end (17b) of the arc-shaped part (17) and which is connected with the formation of a single adjusting means (21)for each connecting element (19) tab (21A) of a curved shape whose convex surface (21b) is facing convex surface (21b) of the opposite ledge (21A), and concave (s) facing in the opposite direction.

5. Machine according to claim 4, in which each protrusion (21A) divides the corresponding connecting element (19) at the intermediate section (19a), located between the arc-shaped part (17) and the protrusion (21A), and the tail section (19b), extending from the ledge (21A) to the end opposite the arcuate portion (17).

6. Machine according to claim 1, in which the stationary support structure (13)connectable with the housing (11) of the Archimedes screw (7), mounting means (20), equipped with limit switches (22)located on the sides opposite the arcuate portion (17), and performed at least partially providersmichelin for grid connection (1) with a fixed support structure (13) so that the lattice (1) is located inside the supporting structure (13), essentially, in a suspended position.

7. Machine according to claim 6, in which each limiter (22) contains at least providepulmonary sleeve (22)which is inserted in the through hole (23) of the wall of the lattice (1) and coaxially with it mounting hole (24) in the stationary support structure (13), and the fastening element (22b), is inserted into the sleeve (22) and connected with a fixed support structure (13).

8. Machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which the lattice (1) completely made of plastic.