Scanning hybrid antenna
 Slotted-waveguide array and assembly method thereof / 2391750Waveguide housings and waveguide channels are connected through connection current-conducting material in discrete points outside the zone of internal regions of the waveguide channels. In these discrete points, dowels of one waveguide housing enter openings in the other waveguide housing in which the connection current-conducting material is placed beforehand; there is possibility of batched input of the connection current-conducting material in form of current-conducting glue into the openings. |
 Compact microstrip antenna without application of dielectric (versions) / 2390890Microstrip antenna comprises radiating plate and screen arranged oppositely and separated from each other, and at the edges of radiating plate (702) and screen (701) there are capacitance elements arranged in the form of two at least lengthy ribs (703) or set of short ribs (1203) bent inside space between screen and radiating plate to provide for reduction of resonant size. Various versions are proposed for making capacitance elements, in the form of bent rib or separate set of bent ribs, which provide for larger area of elements coverage from the side of screen and side of radiating plate to reduce antenna size. |
 Log-periodic antenna / 2387060Antenna includes flat log-periodic construction which is fixed on support dielectric housing, matching balance-to-unbalance transformer and metal reflector. Between log-periodic structure and metal reflector of the antenna base there arranged is absorbing device made in the form of a set of radar absorbent discs of decreasing diametre, which are separated one from the other with thin metal gaskets, located concentrically between metal reflector and log-periodic structure at various distance from it. |
 Spiral antenna / 2387059Antenna is a two-wire spiral wound on dielectric housing in the form of four-sided pyramid with flattened vertex and high ratio of the housing base sides of not less than 7:1. Spiral is excited at pyramid vertex with balance-to-unbalance transformer. At the housing bottom before metal screen there installed is radar absorbent layer. Small size of antenna is related to application of material of certain dielectric permeability, ε=2÷10, for manufacture of housing. |
 Wideband waveguide slot double-channel radiating device of circular polarisation / 2386199Radiating device consists of a section of rectangular waveguide with two short-circuiting plugs in its end sections and two wide walls of square shape with diagonal size 0.5λo, having inner partition parallel to wide walls and height h, which equals 0.25λw (λw - length of wave in waveguide), which produces "П"-shaped profile of waveguide cross section, with two exciting quarterwave slots cut in it parallel to plugs, which are electrically connected to sockets of excitation installed at rear wide wall, which are connected to inner edge of exciting quarterwave slots via matchiung triangular metal plates installed as perpendicular to partition, and their tops contact with central conductor of sockets, and their opposite side contacts with quarterwave slots, besides distance between exciting sockets is selected as equal to 0.25λw. In the middle between them there is an adjustment screw installed, and on front wide wall with the centre in its middle there is a resonant cross like slot cut, arranged in the form of meeting cones with angle α=45° at the top and adjustment element in the form of flat metal plate, having electric contact with this wall in the area adjacent to narrow wall (b) of "П"-shaped waveguide and installed perpendicualr to line that connects sockets of excitation. |
 Modified inverted f-antenna for wireless communication / 2386197Device includes insulating substrate having the first surface, radiating stub on the first surface of insulating substrate and the first grounding plate on the first surface of insulating substrate to be ground connected. The first grounding plate includes one or more grounded capacitive stubs equally spaced from radiating stub. One or more grounded capacitive stubs tune operating characteristics of antenna chain. |
 Mirror antenna / 2383976Invention relates to antenna equipment used in the decimetre and centimetre wavelength range. The mirror antenna has a radiating device which includes two radiators mounted on a single bearing structure with orthogonal polarisations, one of which is the low wavelength band and the other - the high wavelength band. The mirror antenna has two parabolic reflecting surfaces formed by parallel linear elements. Linear elements of one parabolic surface are directed orthogonally relative linear elements of the other parabolic surface. The focus of one parabolic surface is superimposed with the phase centre of the low band radiator and the focus of the other parabolic surface is superimposed with the phase centre of the high band radiator. The antenna works in two wavelength bands at the same time in a single direction. |
 Hoisting device for antenna mast / 2383972Invention relates to antenna engineering and is meant for use in mobile antenna units and mobile radio systems. The device has a movable pivot arm, a support for the arm in form of a vertical shaft mounted on a base which is made with possibility of mounting onto a vehicle, and a clamping device for the mast attached to the free end of the arm with possibility of rotation in the vertical plane. The clamping device is attached to the arm through a friction coupling. The housing of the coupling is mounted on the free end of the arm with possibility of turning about the arm in the horizontal plane. The device is fitted with two articulated tie rods, with the free end of one of the tie rods rigidly attached to the housing and the free end of the other pivotally connected to the base of the vertical shaft with formation of a pantograph type mechanism between the tie rods and the arm. |
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Hoisting device for antenna mast / 2383972 Invention relates to antenna engineering and is meant for use in mobile antenna units and mobile radio systems. The device has a movable pivot arm, a support for the arm in form of a vertical shaft mounted on a base which is made with possibility of mounting onto a vehicle, and a clamping device for the mast attached to the free end of the arm with possibility of rotation in the vertical plane. The clamping device is attached to the arm through a friction coupling. The housing of the coupling is mounted on the free end of the arm with possibility of turning about the arm in the horizontal plane. The device is fitted with two articulated tie rods, with the free end of one of the tie rods rigidly attached to the housing and the free end of the other pivotally connected to the base of the vertical shaft with formation of a pantograph type mechanism between the tie rods and the arm. |
 Electromagnetic wave absorber / 2383089Invention relates to electronic engineering. The electromagnetic wave absorber is made in form of a dielectric layer of given size - binder and filler distributed in the volume of the binder. The filler contains several discrete electroconductive resonant elements. The dielectric layer - binder is made from polymer material. The filler additionally contains ferrite material, oxides of rare-earth elements and ferroelectric material. Additional filler elements are made in form of a dispersed phase. The electroconductive resonant elements are made in form of spirals and/or meanders and the filler elements are uniformly distributed in the volume of the binder. Electroconductive resonant elements are further uniformly distributed over their length ℓ in the range L1/2<ℓ<L2/2, where ℓ is the length a metallic resonant element, L1 is the minimum operating wavelength range, L2 is the maximum operating wavelength range. |
 Radio-absorbing cover / 2243899Cover is formed in form of layer on basis of fiber, placed between outer and inner layers of dielectric materials. Fiber layer along thickness is formed of several cloths of textile material of synthetic filaments with carbon cover with specific electrical, in which adjacent cloths are interconnected by inserts of given thickness on basis of dielectric connecting substance. Outer layer is made of rubber. Inner layer is made of dielectric connecting substance, containing granulated material, weakening reflection of electro-magnetic waves, in amount of 5-25% of total. |
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Composite material for shielding electromagnetic emission and a method for manufacture thereof / 2243980 Invention discloses a method for manufacturing composite material for shielding-mediated protection against electromagnetic emission and can be used in electronics, in radio engineering, and also in a series of special-destination articles. In addition, material may be used for anechoic boxes and in various assemblies of technical devices and radio apparatuses. Method comprises mixing modified graphite-containing conducting filler and polymeric binder at weight ratio (50-80):(20-50). Once ingredients combined, mixture is additionally subjected to thermal expansion in thermal shock mode at 250-310оС and then molded. Polymeric binder is selected from polyolefins, polystyrene, fluoroplastic, polyvinylchloride paste and modified graphite is product obtained by modifying graphite with concentrated sulfuric and nitric acids. Material is characterized by that, in wavelength band from 2 to 5 cm at thickness of material up to 0.1 mm, transmission coefficient is decreased from -40 to -85 dB. |
 Helicopter with radar antenna / 2245820Radar antenna is located under fuselage and is provided with mechanisms for rotating it relative to vertical axis and turning it relative to horizontal axis. Rotation mechanism has body consisting of two parts; one part is secured in fuselage and other part is rotatable relative to first one. Radar antenna is secured on frame through strip on which charge for emergency jettisoning is mounted; said frame is connected with movable part of body by means of supports; one end of each support is connected with movable part of body and other end is connected with frame by means of axle. Rotation mechanism of radar antenna is mounted on movable part of body and is made in form of rod performing reciprocating motion by means of drive; its one end is connected with frame by means of axle and bracket. Mounted on fixed part of body is drive of mechanism turning the radar antenna relative to vertical and horizontal axes. |
 Composition for absorption of electromagnetic emission and a method for preparation thereof / 2247759Invention relates to a method of preparation and to composition of magneto-dielectric materials absorbing electromagnetic emission. Composition is prepared by combining binder with superdispersed magneto-dielectric filler, in particular composite product obtained through caking at 1150-1250°C followed by disaggregation of cake composed of magnetic particles of ferrite material (61.5-86.7 vol %) obtained by chemical precipitation of ferrite phase from aqueous solutions, the rest being layers of dielectric oxides precipitated onto surface of magnetic particles by way of nanomolecular layering from gas medium. Invention further discloses composition including 65-75 vol % of superdispersed magneto-dielectric filler along with binder prepared by above-indicated method. |
 Composition for absorption of electromagnetic emission and a method for preparation thereof / 2247760Invention relates to a method of preparation and to composition of materials absorbing electromagnetic emission. Composition is prepared by combining binder with ferrite, the latter containing 60-90% of ferrite material obtained according to high-temperature ceramic technology and ground to microparticle size and 10-40% of particles belonging to ferrite phase obtained by chemical precipitation from aqueous solutions onto surface of ferrite material microparticles. Ferrite is calcined in the form of isolated precipitate at 500-600°C and then disaggregated. Invention further discloses ferrite-based composition containing 9-13% binder obtained by above-indicated method. |
 Transceiving antenna / 2249280Proposed superbroad-band antenna characterized in passband extended to six octaves with fixed low-pass transmission windows is disposed in plane perpendicular to screen and has radiators made in the form of three monopoles that form funnel-shaped directivity pattern in elevation plane and omnidirectional pattern in azimuth plane. Electric length of radiators and distances between axes of central radiator and side ones are stipulated. In addition radiators and matching device or matching device only are disposed in space filled with insulating material having dielectric constant not over 2.0. This space may be shaped as elliptical cylinder or elliptical truncated cone. Other dimensions of antenna are specified. Cone may be interpolated by polyhedron with minimum four apexes whose pointed edges are rounder off at radius of minimum 0.01λm. |
 Ship / 2249535Ship has metal hull and superstructure which is made from multi-layer polymer composite material. Ratio of superstructure area to hull area shall be no less than 0.54; metal members built in superstructure are coated with radio-absorbing external layer. Open cavities in hull and in superstructure are provided with detachable shields made from material reflecting the radio waves. Provision is made for forming false radar targets for receiving enemy missiles and effective protection of personnel against radiation of own radar facilities. |
 Horn antenna / 2250542Proposed horn antenna 1 (Fig. 1) that can be used in metrology, in communication systems, in solving problems of electromagnetic compatibility and is characterized in low level of cross-polarization component of field and linear phase-frequency characteristic has rectangular horn 2 whose butt-end is closed with metal plug 6 that mounts coaxial connector, as well as first, second and third metal ridges 3, 4, and 17, respectively; two first opposing faces 8 and 9 of rectangular horn 2 are made of metal in the form of equilateral trapezium and other two faces 11 and 12, in the form of a number of contact members 13 whose leads are electrically connected to respective metal faces 8 and 9. First metal ridge 3 is mounted in center of metal face 8, second and third metal faces 4 and 17 are mounted on metal face 9 symmetrically relative to first metal ridge 3 either side of the latter; first metal ridge 3 is connected on metal plug 6 to central conductor of coaxial connector; second and third metal ridges 4 and 17 are connected on metal plug 6 to ground conductor of coaxial connector. Relevant equations describing shape of metal ridges are given in description of invention. |
 Antenna assembly / 2251767Novelty is that separating screen is newly inserted in antennaassemly metal reflector in the form of cylindrical surface with part of (O.6 - 1.4)λ width cut along generating line, where λ is wavelength; this screen is disposed in symmetry axis within reflector to create two in-phase excited apertures and functions to narrow directivity pattern in H-plane. In this way proposed antenna incorporates provision for two-fold narrowing of directivity pattern in H-plane (to 30 - 60 deg.) while maintaining narrow (about 20 deg.) directivity pattern in E-plane. |
 Circular-polarization microstrip antenna / 2251768Proposed antenna that can be used in production of various receiving, transmitting, and transceiving antenna assemblies including phased antenna arrays has microstrip line with exciting structure on one end and ground conductor, on other that has slots functioning as radiators; these relatively perpendicular slots are disposed on adjacent sides of square radiator each of whose sides equals half-wavelength; radiator is coupled with slots through first and second insulating layers; dielectric constant of second insulating layer is twice as high as that of first insulating layer; slots are series-excited by means of one section of microstrip line. |
FIELD: physics, radio.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a hybrid mirror scanning antenna for multi-mode space synthetic aperture radar and is designed for scanning a given zone. An active phased array antenna-radiator has an aperture with a flat centre perpendicular to the focal axis of a parabolic reflector and edges whose planes are inclined relative the focal axis. That way, in order to radiate the same power, the invention requires fewer transceiving modules (TM) and their design is simplified owing to fewer requirements for the amount of control of the power of the transceiving modules. Reduction of the number of transceiving modules leads to reduction of the weight of the hybrid mirror scanning antenna. The invention can be used in multi-mode space polirimetric synthetic aperture radar antennae (SRA).
EFFECT: invention improves uniformity of the field on the cluster, making amplitude distribution similar to Fresnel distribution.
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The invention of the scanning hybrid reflector antenna refers to an antenna technique and can be used in multimode space polarimetric radar with synthetic aperture antenna (PCA).
Described in [1] the invention is intended for use in direction finding systems and maintenance and reduces the change of level crossing pattern (NAM) in ravesignal direction in a wide range of frequencies. To do this in the mirror antenna containing a reflector in the form of clippings paraboloid of rotation and multi-element irradiator irradiator is made in the form of a 4-cell of the hexagonal lattice of the open ends of the N waveguides. Combs N waveguides continue beyond the plane of their aperture in the form of protrusions, the distance between them gradually increases to (0,25-0,45)λ.
In [2] antenna system is designed to create multiple swinging keywords. rays, rotating around the axis of the antenna and controlled by the polar angles broadband switching device. The antenna consists of a parabolic reflector and a linear antenna array located at the focal plane of the reflector. In General, the lattice can be two-dimensional. The focal surface is approximated by a parabolic surface of revolution with focal distance is receiving, equal to half the focal length of the reflector. Antenna array consists of a rectangular horn irradiators, which are located symmetrically with respect to the antenna axis.
A prototype of the proposed antenna can be considered as GSA proposed in [3]. The article describes theory and design of antennas with a diameter of 35.5 m with scan angle, up to 200 times greater than the width of the pattern. The system operates in the Ka band at a frequency of 35.6 GTZ, has a beam width of 0.02° and is used to determine hurricane centers of the circular motion of the upper-level clouds from the spacecraft, allows three-dimensional analysis of critical parameters and dynamics that control their formation and evolution. GSA consists of a spherical reflector with a radius of 56 m and rolling irradiator (spiral) in the form of a planar phased antenna array. Phased array antenna has 271 element located at the nodes of a hexagonal grid with a step of 0,9λ.
The disadvantage of the considered antenna is a high mass AFAR-antenna feed and the antenna as a whole.
The technical result, which is achieved by the claimed invention while maintaining the radiated power and the sector scan is smaller AFAR-irradiator in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the reflector, reducing the number of MRP is simplifying their design, which leads to the reduction of mass AFAR-irradiator and weight GSA in General.
To achieve the claimed technical result is offered in well-known GSA to use AFAR irradiator, the radiating surface of which is formed a Central plane perpendicular to the optical axis, and the flat edges located towards her at an angle.
Below is a block diagram of GSA with electronic scanning (figure 1). GSA includes a reflector (R) 1 in the form of a symmetrical cut a cylinder out of a paraboloid of rotation, the irradiator 2, is moved from the focal plane of the reflector, made in the form AFAR (figure 2), consisting of the pathogen (In) 5, the distribution system (PC) 4, transceiver modules (MRP1-MRPn) 3 horizontal and vertical polarization, having in its composition phasers and attenuators in the channels of transmission and reception, the power source (IE) 6, processor active phased array (PA) 7.
The proposed design GSA works as follows. E-scan provides an overview within a given number of widths of the directional diagrams and is switching the way with the change of amplitude and phase. The essence of this method consists in the following. Each position of the beam of GSA corresponds to the inclusion of a specific set MRP AFAR (cluster emission) with the appropriate values and the amplitude and phase, set the attenuators and phasers. When this amplitude distribution across the cluster for the rejected beam in the prototype has a strong irregularity in the form of a peak and a long fall according to the side from Central AFAR (figure 3). The invention can improve the uniformity of the field in the cluster, making the amplitude distribution similar to the Fresnel even for large angles of deflection of the beam of GSA. Figure 4 shows the amplitude distribution is rejected (a) and Needlenose (b) rays offer GSA obtained by mathematical modeling. Comparing the shape of the curves shown in linear scale, coordinate and amplitude in figure 3 and figure 4 it is seen that in order to radiate the same power, the invention requires fewer MRP, as well as the simplified their design due to the lower requirements for depth adjustment-power MRP.
The proposed form of the aperture AFAR-irradiator, GSA compared with the prototype allows to improve the physical characteristics of GSA by reducing the number of MRP and simplify their design.
References
1. Bobkov NI, Bocharnikov A.A., Kashubin BT, Logvinenko EL, Shevelenko A.A., Starov A.G., Yashin I.E. Broadband four-beam mirror antenna (options). Pat no.2099836, Russia, H01Q 19/17.
2. Antenna array on the focal surface is rnost reflector and switching diagram for the control beams. Pat. U.S. CL. 343-777 No. 3569976, Appl. 29.08.68, publ. 9.03.71.
3. Keyvan Badahory, Yahya Rahmat-Samii. An Array-Compensated Spherical Reflector Antenna for a Very Large Number of Scanned Beams. EEEE Trans. on AES, vol 53, No 11, November 2005, pp.3547-3555.
Scanning hybrid reflector antenna (GSA)containing the reflector, the irradiating system in the form AFAR-irradiator with transceiver modules (PPM) horizontal and vertical polarizations, scanning which is performed by changing the amplitude-phase distribution AFAR using attenuators and phase included in transceiver modules, wherein AFAR-the irradiator has an aperture with a flat Central part, perpendicular to the focal axis of the reflector and the edges, the plane of which is inclined with respect to the focal axis.