Insulating foamed material |
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IPC classes for russian patent Insulating foamed material (RU 2268903):
    
 Method of preparing polymer materials with specified porosity via treatment with carbon dioxide in supercritical state followed by heat treatment at atmospheric pressure / 2266305
Method is comprised in saturating polymer material sample, placed in high-pressure cell, with carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions at pressure 250 atm and temperature 40-120°C, cooling the cell to room temperature and slowly lowering pressure to its atmospheric value. Foaming of polymer sample saturated with carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions proceeds during 60 min of further heat treatment at atmospheric pressure. Final porosity of polymer sample is determined by heat treatment temperature.
Method of preparing polymer materials with specified porosity via treatment with carbon dioxide in supercritical state followed by heat treatment at atmospheric pressure / 2266305
Method is comprised in saturating polymer material sample, placed in high-pressure cell, with carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions at pressure 250 atm and temperature 40-120°C, cooling the cell to room temperature and slowly lowering pressure to its atmospheric value. Foaming of polymer sample saturated with carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions proceeds during 60 min of further heat treatment at atmospheric pressure. Final porosity of polymer sample is determined by heat treatment temperature.
Method of preparing polymer materials with specified porosity via treatment with carbon dioxide in supercritical state followed by heat treatment at atmospheric pressure / 2266305
Method is comprised in saturating polymer material sample, placed in high-pressure cell, with carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions at pressure 250 atm and temperature 40-120°C, cooling the cell to room temperature and slowly lowering pressure to its atmospheric value. Foaming of polymer sample saturated with carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions proceeds during 60 min of further heat treatment at atmospheric pressure. Final porosity of polymer sample is determined by heat treatment temperature.
Method of preparing polymer materials with specified porosity via treatment with carbon dioxide in supercritical state followed by heat treatment at atmospheric pressure / 2266305
Method is comprised in saturating polymer material sample, placed in high-pressure cell, with carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions at pressure 250 atm and temperature 40-120°C, cooling the cell to room temperature and slowly lowering pressure to its atmospheric value. Foaming of polymer sample saturated with carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions proceeds during 60 min of further heat treatment at atmospheric pressure. Final porosity of polymer sample is determined by heat treatment temperature.
Method of preparing polymer materials with specified porosity via treatment with carbon dioxide in supercritical state followed by heat treatment at atmospheric pressure / 2266305
Method is comprised in saturating polymer material sample, placed in high-pressure cell, with carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions at pressure 250 atm and temperature 40-120°C, cooling the cell to room temperature and slowly lowering pressure to its atmospheric value. Foaming of polymer sample saturated with carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions proceeds during 60 min of further heat treatment at atmospheric pressure. Final porosity of polymer sample is determined by heat treatment temperature.
 Low-melting point granules prepared from foamed non-linked polypropylene, method and apparatus for manufacture thereof / 2264418
Granules with melting point 125-140°C are obtained by extruding non-linked random copolymer of propylene with nucleating agent through tandem-extruder, in which each of extruders is divided into sic temperature zones with specified temperatures. Thus manufactured granules show low melting point, satisfactory mechanical strength, and contain at least 80% of closed cells.
Method of producing soft to semi-rigid polyurethane integral foamed plastics / 2263687
Invention relates to foamed polyurethane molded products with thickened edge zone with simplified density and clearly expressed more soft cellular core. Soft to semi-rigid polyurethane integral foamed plastics are prepared by interaction of (i) organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates or their polymeric precursors with (ii) at least one polyol component with hydroxyl number 20 to 200 and functionality 2 to 6, if necessary in combination with (iii) at least one polyol component with hydroxyl number 201 to 899 and functionality 2 to 3, and also (iv) at least one component functioning as chain extension and having hydroxyl number or amine number 600 to 1850 and functionality 2 to 4 in amount 3 to 20% based on the summary weight of (ii) and (iii), and, if necessary, (v) known additives, activators, and/or stabilizers in presence of 0.05-0.6% water (based on summary weight of (ii) and (iii)) and mixtures of pore agents containing 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane and at least one other fluoroalkane in amount 0.2-10% of the summary weight of components (ii)-(v). Thus obtained foamed plastics with integral structure are characterized by Shore hardness of edge zone 30 to 90, rigidity in compression deformation 30 and 350 kPa, and apparent density 150 to 900 kg/m3.
Method of producing soft to semi-rigid polyurethane integral foamed plastics / 2263687
Invention relates to foamed polyurethane molded products with thickened edge zone with simplified density and clearly expressed more soft cellular core. Soft to semi-rigid polyurethane integral foamed plastics are prepared by interaction of (i) organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates or their polymeric precursors with (ii) at least one polyol component with hydroxyl number 20 to 200 and functionality 2 to 6, if necessary in combination with (iii) at least one polyol component with hydroxyl number 201 to 899 and functionality 2 to 3, and also (iv) at least one component functioning as chain extension and having hydroxyl number or amine number 600 to 1850 and functionality 2 to 4 in amount 3 to 20% based on the summary weight of (ii) and (iii), and, if necessary, (v) known additives, activators, and/or stabilizers in presence of 0.05-0.6% water (based on summary weight of (ii) and (iii)) and mixtures of pore agents containing 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane and at least one other fluoroalkane in amount 0.2-10% of the summary weight of components (ii)-(v). Thus obtained foamed plastics with integral structure are characterized by Shore hardness of edge zone 30 to 90, rigidity in compression deformation 30 and 350 kPa, and apparent density 150 to 900 kg/m3.
 Dielectric polymeric foam and its utilization in production of lenses for radio waves / 2263124
The invention is pertaining to a dielectric polymeric foam and its utilization in production of lenses for radio waves. The dielectric polymeric foam is intended for utilization in the capacity of different dielectric materials, including as the material for production of spherical lenses for radio waves and Luneberg lens. The polymeric foam has a dielectric permeability of no less than 1.5 at 12 GHz and 25 °C and is produced by a foaming of the polymeric composition, which contains a synthetic polymetric compound and one or more dielectric inorganic filler. The filler is selected from a fibrous titanate of the alkaline-earth metal and a lamellar titanate of the alkaline-earth metal. The produced dielectric polymeric foam has good and uniform dielectric features.
Method for preparing frothing polystyrene / 2261869
Invention describes a method for preparing frothing polystyrene by polymerization of styrene for two stages. At the first stage forpolymerization is carried out in the presence of antipyrene, a chain growth regulator, benzoyl peroxide as a polymerization initiating agent. At the second stage the suspension polymerization is carried out in aqueous medium in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol as a stabilizing agent, chain growth regulator, tert.-butylperbenzoate as initiating agent and frothing agent. The forpolymerization stage is carried out in the presence of water and dicumyl peroxide as antipyrene synergist is added additionally, and O,O-tert.-myl-O-(2-hexyl)-monoperoxycarbonate is used a additional initiating agent in the following ratio of components relatively to styrene mass, %: benzoyl peroxide : O,O-tert.-myl-O-(2-hexyl)-monoperoxycarbonate : tert.-butylperbenzoate = (0.24-0.25):(0.04-0.06):(0.04-0.10), respectively. Method provides intensification of the styrene polymerization process, improvement of granulometric composition of preparing polystyrene and reducing specific energy consumptions in manufacturing frothing polymer granules.
 Material and a method of production of packages for drinks / 2254996
The invention is pertaining to a material and a method of manufacture of bottles from polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The invention offers to use as a material a composition based on PET granulate (98.8 - 99.15 mass %) and additionally containing a coloring agent with an additive of UV-absorber (1.2 - 0.85 mass %). At that use PET granulate with an increased value of inherent viscosity making 0.80 - 0.84 dl/g, preferably 0.82 dl/g. The method of production of bottles includes manufacture of a hollow finger-shaped work-piece - a preform with its following inflation. At that the polyethylene terephthalate granulate and a coloring agent with the additive of UV-absorber are injected with the help of a batcher during the perform production process, which on the stage of inflation are heated to the temperature of 125°- 135°ะก. Introduction into the material composition of an additional coloring agent with the additive of the UV-emission-absorber in the fixed quantitative ratio directly during production of the performs, that ensures enhancement of an affective protection of the polymer against photochemical decomposition due to decrease of negative affect of UV-emission on the material at preservation of the required mechanical properties.
 Isobutylene-based elastomer mixtures showing elevated strength and elasticity and reduced permeability / 2247132
Invention, in particular, relates to isobutylene-based halogenated polymers showing elevated pre-treatment strength and elevated impermeability as well as to and a method for preparation thereof. Non-cured thin barrier layer for rubber products comprises 3-95% isobutylene-based polymer and 95-3% semicrystalline polymer having melting temperature from about 25 to about 105°C and melting heat from about 9 to about 50 J/g as measured by differential scanning calorimetry. This barrier layer is used for inside tire envelope and as inner tube. Rubber compound contains semi-crystalline propylene polymer with about 75 wt % propylene units and is prepared on common rubber manufacture equipment.
 A method of manufacturing a self-extinguishing cables that emit low levels of smoke, and used them in flame retardant compositions / 2237078
The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a cable, in particular electrical cables for the transmission of low-voltage power or telecommunications
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 - methylstyrene" align="left" vspace="30" hspace="30" /> The method of producing vulcanizates based emulsion copolymers of butadiene with acrylonitrile or styrene or - methylstyrene / 2235739
The invention relates to a process for the production of vulcanizates based emulsion copolymers of butadiene with Acrylonitrile or styrene, or
-methylstyrene and can be used for the manufacture of hoses, seals and other rubber products
 Injection dyed polyamide composition / 2228938
The invention relates to a colored molding composite materials on the basis of the filled aliphatic polyamides, which are used for different components in mechanical engineering
 A method of producing composites based on vinyl chloride polymers and polyurethanes / 2227147
The invention relates to method of producing composites based on vinyl chloride polymers, processed by the methods of rolling, extrusion, injection molding and mortar technology for manufacturing a flexible film materials, coatings, adhesives, Shoe soles, hoses, medical products
 Modification of thermoplastic vulcanizates using a statistical propylene copolymers / 2225421
The invention relates to thermoplastic vulcanizates modified with the use of statistical propylene copolymers, and the way they are received, it can be used for the manufacture of various products, such as tires, hoses, belts, gaskets, casting and molded products
 Polymer composition / 2221824
The invention relates to the development of compositions based on epoxy resin used for the production of parts and products blue-green colors
Isobutylene-based elastomer mixtures showing elevated strength and elasticity and reduced permeability / 2247132
Invention, in particular, relates to isobutylene-based halogenated polymers showing elevated pre-treatment strength and elevated impermeability as well as to and a method for preparation thereof. Non-cured thin barrier layer for rubber products comprises 3-95% isobutylene-based polymer and 95-3% semicrystalline polymer having melting temperature from about 25 to about 105°C and melting heat from about 9 to about 50 J/g as measured by differential scanning calorimetry. This barrier layer is used for inside tire envelope and as inner tube. Rubber compound contains semi-crystalline propylene polymer with about 75 wt % propylene units and is prepared on common rubber manufacture equipment.
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FIELD: production of insulating foamed materials from expandable pigmented and non-pigmented particles of polystyrene. SUBSTANCE: material is produced in form of plates used for heat insulation of buildings. Proposed insulating foamed material is formed from expandable polystyrene particles containing pigmented and non-pigmented particles: 10-90 mass-% of pigmented polystyrene particles and 90-10 mass-% of non-pigmented polystyrene particles. EFFECT: retaining form at thermal loading. 10 cl, 2 dwg, 1 ex
The invention relates to an insulating foam material, which is made of pigmented and non-pigmented particles of polystyrene, capable of expansion. The material according to the invention are preferred, in particular in the form of slabs for thermal insulation and, accordingly, are suitable for the purposes of insulation in buildings and other applications. In addition, by using the material according to the invention can be also achieved superior soundproofing. Materials derived from particles of polystyrene, is able to expand themselves known in the art. When the manufacturer is able to expand the particles may also be subjected to pre-expansion, is subjected to the foaming inside the so-called steam chambers, thus there is at least one more expansion of the particles. Simultaneous welding and bonding the respective foamed particles to each other. After cooling, constructed in this way material can be extracted from the steam chamber. The manufacture of such materials is often carried out inside a form that can be loaded into a steam chamber, so that could be achieved by a specific shaping of the body, made of such material. Such materials are also produced large blocks. These blocks pain the second format can be subsequently cut into thinner boards. The essential criterion for such foam materials is the physical density, and together with high physical density achievable well as increased mechanical strength, that is, along with the strength at break and strength at compression, and tensile strength. Along with this essential role is played by thermal conductivity of such material. Because the conductivity depends on the density, increase the physical density of the material leads to a decrease in thermal conductivity. For reasons of economy of material, it is desirable that the materials, in particular, plates were made with low density. Plates of this type, for example, with a density of 15 g/l have in this case, the conductivity, which does not meet the requirements of class thermal conductivity 035 (according to DIN 18164). However, the inclusion of the material in this class of thermal conductivity is desirable. Therefore, not referred to attempts to create a way that ensures the elimination of these difficulties by using pigmentation polystyrene capable of expansion. In EP 0981574 B1 described species are able to expand polystyrene containing graphite particles. These types of polystyrene contain homogeneous distributed graphite particles and in the case of production of these foamed materials exhibit good insulating properties is A. According to the data given in EP 0981574 B1, foamed materials of this type at a density of 10 g/l have a conductivity that is less than 35 mW/m×K. In practice, however, it was found that when exposed to the plates of such material, for example, prolonged heat exposure can occur uncontrolled irreversible thermal shape change. This shape change may, in particular, adversely affect the use of plates for insulation on the outer facade. In the joints can form cracks between the slabs. These cracks lead, inter alia, to the fact that put on them reinforced plaster may crack. On this basis, the objective of this invention is to provide an insulating foam material, which by its physical properties, in particular in respect of thermal conductivity and density, mainly corresponds to the material, which is described in the previously mentioned European patent 0981574 B1, but which, on the other hand, when thermal load does not detect changes in the shape or detects only minor changes in the shape. According to the invention, the problem is solved by means of an insulating foam material, which has the characteristics of claim 1 of the claims. Favorable vari the details of implementation and improvements of the invention can be achieved by means of signs, described in the dependent claims. Thus, according to the invention proposed that the insulating foamed material was formed from capable of extension, containing the pigment and not containing pigment particles of polystyrene. Unexpectedly, the applicant has failed to establish that the material and made of him a plate of foamed material, if it contains both pigmented and non-pigmented particles of polystyrene, when the bulk density of less than 30 g/l is thermal conductivity corresponding to the conductivity, which was still known for pigmented plates of foamed material, in particular containing graphite. At the same time, the materials, which are made according to the invention, of mixed particles of polystyrene, almost no irreversible thermal shape changes even during prolonged thermal load. The material according to the invention thus preferably contains from 10 to 90 wt.% pigmented particles of polystyrene and from 90 to 10 wt.% non-pigmented particles of polystyrene. Particularly preferably, if the material contains at least 30 wt.% pigmented particles of polystyrene. Especially good results are achieved when the material is used about 50 wt.% pigmented and 50 wt.% C is generowania polystyrene particles. From a material point of view, for containing pigment particles of polystyrene as pigments are preferred, in particular, carbon black, metal oxides, metal powders, dyes and/or graphite. Especially preferred containing pigment particles of polystyrene, which are described in EP 0981574 B1. The material according to the invention can be made in the form of slabs or blocks and, accordingly, be used for the purposes of isolation. Particularly preferred application is the insulation, and, in particular, thermal insulation in buildings. In an advantageous embodiment, the invention provides that the pigmented particles of polystyrene located in the material irregularly distributed. However, there is a possibility that pigmented particles of polystyrene were located inside the material in a systematic manner. Further, since the pigmented particles of polystyrene, as opposed to white non-pigmented, in most cases, are painted, in particular black, there is the possibility of performing in the material of the optically recognizable figures of a certain shape, which, for example, improve the overall aesthetic impression. Such drawings can also be used to transmit information. In another alternative embodiment, when a systematic advantage is the provision of pigmented polystyrene particles with a specific staining can also be formed layers, creating the opportunity to achieve local purposeful influence on mechanical and thermal properties of the material. Such a layer may be located, for example, in the middle of the inside of the body in the form of a plate formed from a material manufactured according to the invention. Such layers can also form the outer surfaces, similarly to the protective layers. Of course, it is also possible that for these materials is in the form of a plate made according to the invention, as described above, can also be additionally marked with a substance that increases the strength of adhesion to the application of subsequent layers. The material according to the invention in the form of plates, because it, inter alia, provides for thermal insulation, may also have a different implementation of the edges, for example, on the principle groove/ridge. Unexpectedly it was found that the material according to the invention, for example, when the bulk density of approximately 15 g/l, not only corresponds to the class of thermal conductivity 035, but at the same time this material also does not detect or detect only minor changes even after prolonged thermal stress. The material according to the invention thus combines the advantages of the material according to EP 0981575 B1 with favorable properties regarding thermal changes in the shape, which is known is tiny for non-pigmented foam polystyrene. Due to prevailing thermal and mechanical properties of foamed material according to the invention arise different thermal expansion occur to a lesser extent, so that it is possible to avoid occurrence of cracks in the coatings or layers in the areas of joints. Hereinafter the invention is explained more examples and with the aid of figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 shows measured values, which were obtained on the control plates. Figure 2 presents the material 3 according to the invention, made in the form of a plate. Pigmented particles 1 polystyrene contain graphite particles uniformly distributed in the material 3. Index 2 is marked non-pigmented particles of polystyrene. Example Manufactured in examples, the plates were produced under the same conditions, using the standard method and the same machine. The material according to the invention is made of pre-expanded polystyrene particles (polystyrene particles F 215 BASF) and equal parts (50% wt.) particles of polystyrene, pigmented graphite (BASF Neopor). The resulting plate due to the ferrous particles of Neopor had a black and white surface ("Dalmatians"). Was achieved density of 15.6 kg/m3and managed to reach thermal conductivity, equal to 32.8 mW/m·For, when measuring agreement is but DIN 52612 at 23° With when using the measuring device firms Hesto. In contrast, for non-pigmented foam material (white), manufactured according to the state of the art, which had a density 14,77 kg/m3we have identified a conductivity equal to 37.9 mW/m·and one pigmented graphite foam material, which had a density 17,38 kg/m3thermal conductivity of 32.2 mW/m·K. Non-pigmented foam material according to the state of technology found the adhesive strength under tension perpendicular to the plane of the plate 115 to 120 kPa. Fully pigmented graphite foam material, also according to the state of technology, found the appropriate adhesion strength tensile 160 kPa, and the foamed material according to the invention, which was made of iron (graphite) and white (non-pigmented) foamed particles, found the strength adhesive tensile 160 kPa. The measured values are presented in figure 1. 1. Insulating foamed material, which is formed from polystyrene particles, capable of expansion, characterized in that it is formed by containing a pigment and non-pigmented particles of polystyrene, the material is formed from 10-90 wt.% pigmented particles of polystyrene and 90-10 wt.% non-pigmented particles of polystyrene.</> 2. The material according to claim 1, characterized in that the pigment particles of polystyrene containing a pigment selected from carbon black, metal oxides, metal powder, dyes and/or graphite. 3. The material according to claim 2, characterized in that the containing pigment particles of polystyrene contain homogeneous distributed graphite particles. 4. The material according to claim 1, characterized in that it is formed of at least 30 wt.% pigmented particles of polystyrene. 5. The material according to claim 1, wherein the pigmented particles of polystyrene located in the material of irregular manner. 6. The material according to claim 1, wherein the pigmented particles of polystyrene located in the material in a systematic manner. 7. The material according to claim 1, wherein the pigmented particles of polystyrene located therein with the formation of the image. 8. The material according to claim 1, wherein the pigmented particles of polystyrene form a layer. 9. The material of at least one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that its conductivity is reduced so that it satisfies the requirements of class thermal conductivity 035 (according to DIN 18164, part 1). 10. The use of the material of at least one of claims 1 to 9 for thermal insulation of buildings and parts of buildings.
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