Hydromechanical damper

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: hydromechanical damper comprises housing which receives pistons that are rigidly interconnected and held in the neutral position with a spring and lids with connecting pipes for connecting the above-piston spaces with hydraulic lines. The housing receives the additional sleeve covered with the lid. The sleeve receives orifice of constant flow section and adjustable orifice connected in series. The flow section of the adjustable orifice depends on the pressure drop at it. The orifices define the throttling device between the above-piston space and hydraulic line. The spring that holds the pistons in the neutral position are made of flexible members that can change the shape and volume.

EFFECT: improved damping.

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The invention relates to the field of engineering, more specifically to the hydromechanical damper, and can be used for damping oscillations of the front landing gear of the aircraft.

A device for damping oscillations of the front landing gear in the form of a DC reactor between the cavities of the Executive cylinder (T.M. Basta "Hydraulic actuators in aircraft. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1967, str).

The disadvantages of this device is that the constant throttle works effectively with sufficiently large amplitudes of oscillation of the piston actuating cylinder, and the passage area of the throttle is adjusted (optimized) for a single flow through it (one differential pressure on it). At other pressure drops or small oscillation amplitudes constant throttle works less efficiently, in addition, the presence of a flow of fluid between the cavities of the Executive cylinder reduces the working pressure differential on the piston of the actuating cylinder, reduces the efficiency of operation of the entire hydraulic system due to parasitic flow of fluid between the hydraulic lines and discharge drain.

The closest device to the claimed combination of features is hydromechanical damper, designed for damping oscillations of a shimmy of the front landing gear, installed the systems of control of the front landing gear of the aircraft An-124, (kN. "The An-124. The technical installation manual". Publishing company, 1982, see 032 chassis section 032.50.01 steering mechanism and comprising a housing with a cylinder in which the pistons are connected by a rod held in the neutral position the Belleville spring, cover with fittings for connection supersneak cavities with hydraulic lines, and the pistons do not allow fluid to flow from one line to another. In this design due to the lack of flow of hydraulic fluid between the discharge lines and discharge does not decrease the working pressure differential on the piston of the actuating cylinder, does not deteriorate the operation of the hydraulic system of the aircraft. Constant resistance in the hydraulic lines supplying fluid to the damper and the Belleville spring allow him to work effectively with large oscillation amplitudes front support and a relatively small pressure drops in the hydraulic lines to the Executive of the cylinder.

However, with the increase of the differential piston of the damper become the focus and the damper does not dampens vibrations front support. Disc spring, like any other metal spring, do not allows you to create a design hydromechanical damper in reasonable sizes throughout the range of pressure drops in the hydraulic lines of NGN is Tania and plum Executive cylinders fluctuations in the front support. In addition, in this design hydromechanical damper, as in the previous, the presence of a constant throttle is not possible to damp the oscillations of the front support with small amplitude.

The task, which directed the claimed technical solution is the creation of a design hydromechanical damper, which would effectively damping vibrations of the front landing gear as for large amplitudes of movement of the support, and if small, would preserve the efficiency and effectiveness throughout the range of pressure changes in the hydraulic discharge lines and discharge of the Executive cylinder would be simple to manufacture and operate and would have small dimensions and weight.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the hydromechanical damper comprising a housing, inside which there are rigidly interconnected and held in a neutral position by a spring piston, cover with fittings for connection supersneak cavities with hydraulic lines, according to the invention inside the case closed mentioned cover additional glass, which has been consistently found to constant throttle and a variable throttle passage area of which is dependent on the pressure differential therein, forming a throttling device between tapartnews poletti hydraulic line, and the spring that holds the piston in a neutral position, serve as elastic elements with the ability to change both the shape and volume.

Elastic elements, for example a rubber ring, is capable of changing shape and size, allow for a small footprint to work up to the maximum pressure differential between the cavities of the Executive of the cylinder.

Thus, the proposed design allows you to effectively damp the vibrations of the front landing gear as for large amplitudes of movement of the support, and at small, preserves the efficiency and effectiveness throughout the range of pressure changes in the hydraulic discharge lines and discharge of the Executive of the cylinder. The design is also simple to manufacture and operate, and has small dimensions and weight.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 gives a General view of the front landing gear installed hydraulic dampers;

- figure 2 is a side view in section on hydromechanical damper;

- figure 3 is a section along a-a in figure 2;

- figure 4 is a section along B-B in figure 2.

Hydromechanical damper 1 (figure 1) is installed on the front foot, connected by hydraulic lines with cavities Executive of the cylinder. Consists of a body 1 (figure 2) defined therein and the screw cylinders 2 and 3, in which asesiny pistons 4, fastened with threads on the ends of the rod 6. On the outer diameter pistons have the seal 5. Between the inner ends of the pistons 4 posted by annular washers 7, based simultaneously on the end surface of the piston 4 and the end faces of the cylinders 2, 3 through the elastic rubber ring washer 8. Between the annular washers 7 are alternately set of elastic elements, for example a rubber ring 9 and the annular washer 10. With the outer end of the cylinder 2 and the screw securing the Cup 11 with the seal 12, which is the case in a throttling device, consisting of a set in the lid 17 constant throttle 18, in series with a variable inductor, consisting of 13 pan with seal 14, the two spring plates 15 and two stops 16, mounted on the PTC site 13 (figure 2, 3, 4), and in buochs 13 completed two through holes, which, with one side of the Cup base 11, and the other on the opposite side, closed by spring plates 15. On the outside of the Cup 11 is closed is installed on the threaded cap 17 (figure 2), which includes an inlet fitting fluid 19. The cylinder 3 from the outer side is closed is installed on the threaded cap 20 with the nozzle 21. Cover 17 and 20 on the outer cylindrical surface have a seal 22. The internal volume of the cylinder 2 (2), limited by the bottom of the Cup 11 and the end surface of the piston 4, forms a cavity. The internal volume of the cylinder 3, limited end surface of the cap 20 and the end surface of the piston 4 forms a cavity "G".

The ability of the invention to provide the above technical result is the following.

When the piston actuating cylinder, caused by the moving load, or when changing the position of the shut-off and control element, such as a slide valve, the control system caused by the control signal, there is a change in pressure in the hydraulic lines which are connected to the damper.

When the pressure of the working fluid (the fluid in the hydraulic line connected to the fitting 19 (figure 2), compared with the fluid pressure in the hydraulic line connected to the fitting 21, the fluid passes through a fixed orifice 18, passes through a hole made in buochs 13, presses the spring plate 15 (the second plate 15 closes another hole in buochs 13), passes through a slit formed in one end surface of the axle box around the exit hole and the surface of the spring plate 15, and enters the cavity In the cylinder 2. The pressure of the fluid in the cavity "B" is higher than fluid pressure in the cavity "D". The resulting pressure differential of the fluid overcomes Wuxi is their springy rings 9 and causes the movement of the pistons 4. The piston 4 located in the cylinder 3, displaces the fluid from the cavity "D" in the line connected to the fitting 21.

With increasing fluid pressure in the line connected to the fitting 21, as compared with the fluid pressure in the line connected to the fitting 19, the fluid enters the cavity "D". This increases the fluid pressure in the cavity "D" compared to the fluid pressure in the cavity. The resulting differential fluid pressure overcomes the force of spring rings 9 and causes the movement of the pistons 4. The piston 4, in the cylinder 2, displaces the fluid from the cavity. The fluid passes through a hole made in buochs 13, presses the spring plate 15 (the second plate 15 closes another hole in buochs 13), passes through a slit formed in one end surface of the axle box around the exit hole and the surface of the spring plate 15 passes through a fixed orifice 18 and goes to the line connected to the fitting 19.

With the passage of working fluid through a fixed orifice 18 and the slit formed by the end surfaces of the pan around the outlets of the holes and surfaces of the spring plates 15, converts the mechanical energy of the fluid into heat energy, and thereby damping movement of the load on the piston Executive Qili the DRA.

For small values of differential fluid pressure between the cavity b of the cylinder 2 and the hydraulic line connected to the fitting 19, the lifting height of the spring plate 15 above the surface of the axle box is proportional to the difference of pressures of the fluid on the spring plate 15, and a large part of the mechanical energy of the fluid is moved during the passage of liquid through the slit formed in one end surface of the axle box around the exit of the through hole and the surface of the spring plate 15.

As growth differential fluid pressure between the cavity b of the cylinder 2 and the hydraulic line connected to the fitting 19, the proportion of the mechanical energy of the liquid, which is dispersed by passing the liquid through a constant throttle.

With further increase of the differential fluid pressure between the cavity of the cylinder 2 and the hydraulic line connected to the fitting 19, the differential fluid pressure on the spring plate 15 reaches the value at which the spring plate is on the stop 16, and further increase the lifting height of spring plate 15 does not occur.

Thus the proposed design of hydromechanical damper can effectively damping vibrations of the front landing gear as for large amplitudes of movement of the support, and at small, saves Robocop the capacity and efficiency over the range of pressure changes in the hydraulic discharge lines and discharge of the Executive cylinder, simple in manufacture and operation, and has small dimensions and weight.

Hydromechanical damper comprising a housing, inside which there are rigidly interconnected and held in a neutral position by a spring piston, cover with fittings for connection supersneak cavities with hydraulic lines, wherein the case contains an indoor mentioned cover additional glass, which has been consistently found to constant throttle and a variable throttle passage area of which is dependent on the pressure differential therein, forming a throttling device between tapartnews cavity and hydraulic line, and a spring holding the piston in a neutral position, serve as elastic elements with the ability to change both the shape and volume.