Uglevyzhigatelnuyu oven

 

Uglevyzhigatelnuyu furnace contains separated by an air cavity of the insulating casing and the inner casing, the walls of which there are vertical blinds, the boot door, removable container on the truck, the side walls of which are made ellipsoidal holes arranged at an angle to him motionless curtains, a forced cooling system, consisting of a coil and devices forced purge. The use of this furnace allows to improve the quality of coal. 3 Il.

The invention relates to the field of producing charcoal in resin production.

Known uglevyzhigatelnuyu furnace including separated by an air cavity of the outer heat insulating casing and an inner casing made of metal of high thermal conductivity and provided with a loading door and a removable container on the truck on the side walls of which are made ellipsoidal holes immediately above them at an angle motionless curtains, and on the inner walls of the body has movable curtains; on the container is concave cover, mounted on the roof of the inner housing (patent No. 2151785, 27.07.2000).

In the famous ear, and heat transfer occurs due to natural convection in the passive method of regulating heat flow in the chamber charcoal-burning by changing the spatial position of the curtains. This leads to the reduction of non-uniformity of the temperature distribution in the upper and lower parts of the furnace and provides a higher quality of coal.

However, this device does not provide a uniform temperature distribution of the heat flow across the volume of the chamber and, as a consequence, leads to increased ash content and nedorogo coal, increased coolant flow rate and has a relatively low capacity of the plant. The use of forced draught also does not solve the problem of uniformity of heat distribution by volume environment sullivane.

The task of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process of producing charcoal due to more uniform distribution of thermal field inside the furnace and improve the performance of your installation.

Technical result achieved in the process of solving the task, is to improve the quality of coal.

This technical result is achieved by reducing the overheating of the arch of the furnace, due to the fact that the intensification of the process of convection of gases.

The installation provides for loading wood into the chamber, where the process of pyrolysis. Camera for better insulation from the external environment has an inner casing and an outer casing, between which is formed an air cavity.

The wood is loaded into the oven in a metal container with ellipsoidal holes to reduce the influence of thermal conductivity on pereopisanie wood. The walls of the container are fixed, the curtains, the bottom is made of an opening. On the inner side of the casing along the perimeter of the installed movable curtains, regulating the flow of hot flue gases. Under the jacket has a collection of žižka, and over the container lid.

Heat to heat the wood and ensure the process perepilivanija wood in the container receive from the gaseous products of combustion in the furnace. Kindling fuel lead for the sealing of the inner housing from the furnace. Excess heat when pereopisanie wood is used for drying timber in the adjacent furnace, through a forced purge of the cooling system.

In the upper part micropackage space is the cooling system convection of gases constituting the coil, charisma also allows us to redistribute heat flow inside the furnace, lowering the temperature of the upper part of the inner wall of the housing. The cooling system is activated at the stage of pyrolysis to prevent large temperature differences in the hearth and roof of the furnace, as well as at the stage of cooling to reduce his time in the middle part of the pyrolysis units will be located area with optimal temperature due to more intense convection heat flow.

At the end of the process perepilivanija and cooling of the coal furnace opening, and the container on the truck roll for unloading.

The present invention is characterized by the following essential and features:

a) restrictive - an outer casing, an inner casing, the inner walls of which are movable curtains made of metal of high thermal conductivity and is equipped with loading door, removable container on the truck, the side walls of which are ellipsoidal holes with fixed blinds;

b) distinguishing the presence of a forced cooling system, located in the upper part of the air megabuses cavity, which consists of a coil and devices forced purge.

The design of the plant allows to produce perliski in section; in Fig. 3 - view of the system of forced cooling.

Installation (Fig. 1, 2) contains a split air cavity 1 outer heat insulating casing 2 and the inner case 3, welded from sheet steel, and the body is made independently from the casing to reduce thermal deformation during operation. From the front side of the chassis in the slots fortified lift door 4 of the porous refractories, lined with steel plates. The door is lifted by the lifting device 5, which is driven by an electric motor, and is blocked by the fingers on both sides. On the ceiling of the inner housing on the circuit fortified concave cover 6, and around the perimeter of the housing, movable curtains 7, rotating on the shaft. The spatial arrangement of the curtains is controlled by shaft 8, driven by a motor 9. The top of the casing 2 are flues 10, closing the dampers 11, there are holes for the installation of detector 12 and safety valve 13. The outer casing 1 has a number of technological holes for rod moving curtains and installation of thermocouples 14 and a metal rod 15. Idle holes sealed screw caps. At the level of the hearth laid is provided a removable container, in the side walls of which are made ellipsoidal holes arranged at an angle to him motionless curtains 18.

In markoconnor space set the forced cooling system 19, which represents a coil device with a forced purge, such as a fan.

On the perimeter walls of the container are made technological ellipsoidal holes, and above them, motionless curtains 20 at an angle to the horizon. The bottom of the container is made of an opening and secured by the lock. In the bottom there are the slots, reinforced with steel plates, providing free access flue gases and condensate drain. Between the walls of the chamber in its lower part has a holding tank (collection) 21 for collecting condensate (žižka). In the side wall of the collection made the hole in which the welded flue pipe 22 from the chamber 23. In the lower part of the collection there is a drain hole provided with a valve 24.

The process of producing charcoal in the present setting as follows. The container 18 with pre-loaded and dried wood is placed on the platform of the truck 16 so that the stationary curtains 20 located between the uprights 17. Prodvigayetsya in the guide fingers, and the cart on the track is moved into the housing 3. The moving truck is limited braking device included a limit switch.

The door 4 is lowered and drawn-wheel twisted pair in the hole in the housing, after which the door is covered on the perimeter of the clay to asbestos. Open the flue pipe, then through the furnace door furnace 23 is loaded and the ignition of the fuel. Once the fuel will ignite, the furnace door and the door blew shut and seal (covering the clay with asbestos).

The initial stage of the process perepilivanija goes with absorption of heat from the oven. After the wood is heated to a temperature of 120-150With, there will be loss of water associated with the wood, and will begin the decomposition process is less persistent organic compounds to form carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, acetic acid. Further heating the wood in the container 18 to a temperature of 150-275With, will cause the process perepilivanija. As the process perepilivanija consistently close and seal the flue and vent pipes valves 11. The process of perepilivanija is controlled by temperatury, which under normal conditions is quite significant (about 50%) and leads to burnout at the top of the camera and underburning at the bottom. In the course of the process is the maintenance of the temperature difference at the top and bottom of the camera at a given level, which ensures the uniformity of flow of the pyrolysis process throughout the volume, this is done by changing the position of moving curtains 7, forced cooling system 25 and regulation of the opening of the flue pipe. If reducing the temperature difference in the hearth and roof of the furnace by changing the position of the curtains is not achieved, then turn on the forced cooling system, which draws in the coil 19, the refrigerant by means of forced cooling device 25, consisting of a capacitor 26, the feeder of the freon 27 and the vacuum pump 28. The low temperature refrigerant provides the temperature drop at the arch of the furnace, which reduces the temperature difference in the hearth and roof of the furnace, in addition, additional forced cooling of the upper section of the furnace leads to a change in the vector direction of the convection gases, providing a more uniform temperature distribution throughout the volume of the furnace, thereby realizing the desired results.

the number of decomposition products. The burning of coal and removal of volatiles occurs at a temperature of 450-550C.

In all stages of the process perepilivanija wood liquid condensate flows into the collector 23 and may be disposed of by opening the valve 26. Otherwise, the condensate of the organic products of wood is burned in the flame from the furnace. The willingness of coal is determined by palpation products perepilivanija in the container metal rod 15 through the hole in the bottom of the casing by the magnitude of the resistance to puncturing.

At the stage of completion of the exothermic reaction, the forced cooling system turns back on, therefore, to provide a higher intensity of cooling of the coal. Due to this reduction of time of the process and improved plant performance.

After cooling products perepilivanija to a temperature of 50Is coal unloading. Lifting device 5 raise the door 4 and the fixed fingers. Out of the furnace extends to the place of unloading the truck with the container 18, the lifting mechanism of the container rises and moves to the coal storage, where the bottom of the container opens and proishodit the following technological advantages in comparison with the analogues.

First, improve the quality of the coal at the expense of a more uniform flow of the process. The uniformity of the process is achieved through rational distribution of temperature in the chamber through the automatic regulation of the distribution of gas flows.

Secondly, saving resources by reducing losses on the ash content and improve heat distribution. Additional technical result is achieved due to the heat from the forced cooling system for drying wood.

The possibility of recycling process will allow to cope with the ecological status of this installation.

Claims

Uglevyzhigatelnuyu furnace, consisting of separated air cavity of the heat insulating casing and the inner casing, the inner walls of which are movable curtains, and equipped with loading door, and a removable container on the truck, the side walls of which are made ellipsoidal holes arranged at an angle to him motionless curtains, characterized in that the upper part of the air megabuses cavity system installed forced chilled the