The way to reduce freezing of petroleum coke
(57) Abstract:
The invention relates to the technology of application of preventive antipremerskih funds, the preparation of carbon materials for transportation and can be used to reduce the freezing petroleum coke. On petroleum coke and the inner surface of the rail p/cars put antiprotease tool containing gas, wikipedi temperature 160-3300With from the processing of raw materials, comprising, in wt.%: 1-20 heavy pyrolysis resin, 1-20 heavy catalytic cracking gas oil and the rest of the tar, or means, optionally containing 1-5 wt.% extract oil selective treatment, application by spraying on a moving conveyor coke and on the inner surface of the rail cars. Use antiprotease tool with a total flow rate of 0.07 to 0.70% by weight of coke. The method reduces smartiest petroleum coke and reduce costs when it is unloaded from rail cars. 1 C.p. f-crystals, 3 tables. The invention relates to the technology of application of preventive antipremerskih funds, namely the preparation of carbon materials for transportation, and the conditions and unloading petroleum coke in the winter associated with an increased content of water and certainally during transportation by rail, which leads to increased costs for transportation and unloading of the consumer. It is considered economically feasible to apply preventive antiprotease means for processing petroleum coke during its transportation in the winter time.Currently, to reduce the freezing coke during transportation used antiprotease means that the amount of 0.8 to 3.0 wt.% applied to the surface of coke when it is loaded into wagons fine spray nozzles (pohodenko N. T., Brands B. I. Receipt and processing of petroleum coke. - M.: Chemistry, 1986, S. 289-293). As antipremerskih funds used oil, straight-run petroleum fractions, glycerin, resin, chlorides of magnesium and calcium, nonionic surfactants.The disadvantages of this method are:- high cost of reagents - distilled oil fractions, glycerin, chlorides of magnesium and calcium, nonionic surfactants;the difficulty of transporting reagents and preparation of solutions;- low efficiency of some of the funds;- deterioration in the quality of coke when using inorganic compounds.In addition, to reduce the freezing of coal and coke during transport used is the cracking of the residue in oil coking, with a flow rate of 1-1 .5% on the weight of the coal or petroleum coke, described in (Sunyaev H. I., ol'kov P. L., O. Rogachev et Nigrin - new product against freezing and primerzanie. - Ufa, Bashkir publishing house, 1977, S. 41-48).The disadvantages of this method are:the complexity of transportation and cooking;- no cracking residues because of the closure of installations of thermal cracking units;- low efficiency.The closest in technical essence is a way of reducing the freezing of petroleum coke using as antiprotease means of straight-run diesel fractions, gas oil coking and catalytic cracking, wikipaedia within 180-350°C, as described in (Z. Syunyaev I., ol'kov P. L., O. Rogachev et Nigrin - new product against freezing and primerzanie. - Ufa, Bashkir publishing house, 1977, S. 15). The disadvantage of the prototype is relatively low effectiveness against freezing coke due to low-temperature characteristics antipremerskih funds (pour point).An object of the invention is to reduce the freezing petroleum coke, reduction of costs (material and labor) when t is again the train cars antiprotease means, which is used as the oil coking or composition consisting of gas oil coking and extract oil selective treatment, with the following composition, wt.%:Extract oil selective treatment 1-5The oil coking ElseThe oil coking boils within the temperature 160-330°N- Use in the production of oil coking raw coking, consisting of, in wt.%: heavy pyrolysis resin 1-20; heavy gas oil catalytic cracking 1-20 and tar - rest.- Use antiprotease funds with a total flow rate of 0.07 to 0.70% by weight of coke.Comparative analysis of the present invention with the prototype shows that in both cases antiprotease tool represents a hydrocarbon fraction that is obtained from the delayed coking unit. The differences between the invention of the prototype are:- use of hydrocarbon fraction other fraction composition;- the use of mixed raw materials for oil coking, allowing it to adjust its component hydrocarbon composition;the additional introduction of the Antip the reduction in freezing petroleum coke is confirmed when conducting pilot tests.In the experiments used a damp petroleum coke from the delayed coking unit.To reduce the freezing coke during its transportation in the winter were tested antiprotease means consisting of oil coking different fractional and component composition, obtained by carbonization of raw materials of different composition (see table.1), as well as mixtures of oils with the addition of heavy oil residues (see table.2). From the above table. 2 data shows that with the introduction of raw coking of heavy pyrolysis resin (hereinafter "SCC") and heavy gas oil catalytic cracking (hereinafter TGCC) there has been a change in the composition of the resulting gas oil coking in the direction of increasing the content of aromatic hydrocarbons and lower - olefin (as evidenced by the decrease in iodine number).The experiments were conducted in a special metal layouts (the material of the Article.20, dimensions: length = 600 mm, width=, height = 300 mm, volume = 54 DM3) simulating railway wagons (reduced approximately 1000 times), used for the transportation of petroleum coke.When testing petroleum coke was loaded to the top edge in the layout, pre-processed antipr is directly loaded on coke. Metal layouts loaded with coke kept at low temperatures in 2-3 days until complete freezing of the total volume of coke. After the end of the experiment produced unloading petroleum coke from the layout and evaluation steps antiprotease funds. The main criteria in assessing the effectiveness of actions antipremerskih funds are:- adhesion (primerselect) coke to the walls and bottom metal layout;- smartheat volume of coke in the layout;- the complexity of the discharge of coke from the layout.The conditions and test results are presented in table.3.The test results showed:1. When coke without the use of antipremerskih funds at low temperatures there is a strong adhesion of coke to the metal surface layout, high smartiest coke (see tab.3, example 1). During the discharge of coke from metal layouts had to make significant mechanical impact.2. When using gas oil coking fractional composition of 180-350°C, obtained by carbonization (see tab.1, samples No. 1, 2 - the prototype), and mortar cracking-residue in the oil coking received the worked surface and certainest coke for the volume layout. This is due to the high pour point of the oil coking fractional composition of 180-350°C (-14
-18°C) and low content of aromatic hydrocarbons.3. Use as antipremerskih means of oil coking fractional composition 160-330°C, obtained by coking mixed raw materials (see tab.1, samples No. 3-6), and composition of the extract selective refining of oils and gas oil coking (sample No. 5, see table.1) reduces the adhesion (primerselect) coke to the metal surface to reduce smartiest coke and facilitate its discharge from the models (see tab.3, examples 3-6). This is due to the low pour point (-30-45°C) oil coking of this fractional composition and high content of aromatic hydrocarbons (see table.1), which improves the adhesion of oil coking to the surface of the pieces of coke and the metal surface.4. Optimal results are achieved when sprayed antiprotease tools in fine condition directly on the metal surface layout and simultaneously moving through the pipeline petroleum coke. This nabludau layout. The thus treated coke quite easily unloaded from metal layout.The effect antiprotease means is to prevent contact of the metal surface of the car with a bulk cargo and granules of bulk cargo between them.Implementation of the proposed method of reducing the freezing petroleum coke will reduce its certainest and reduce the cost of transporting and unloading of the consumer.
1. The way to reduce freezing of petroleum coke by treatment with antipaternalism means consisting of gas oil coking, characterized in that the use of a preparation containing gas, wikipedi temperature 160-3300With from the processing of raw materials, comprising, in wt.%: 1-20 heavy pyrolysis resin, 1-20 heavy catalytic cracking gas oil and the rest of Sara sprayed onto moving conveyor coke and on the inner surface of the rail cars.2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the total consumption antiprotease means is of 0.07 to 0.70% by weight of coke.
FIELD: road servicing industry.
SUBSTANCE: the invention is dealt with the road servicing industry, in particular with the methods of extirpation of ice covering on motorways, bridges, flyovers, and also aerodromes. The method of the roadway covering slipperiness prevention provides for application of a roadway ice covering suppressing reactant based on acetate, in the capacity of which use a solution with pH=7-9.5, containing components in the following ratio (in mass %): magnesium acetate 13-17, potassium acetate 8-16, potassium hydrocarbonate 5-8, potassium carbonate 2-6, water-insoluble impurities 0-6, water - the rest. The roadway ice covering suppressing reactant may additionally contain a fired limestone in amount of 3-5 mass % in terms of calcium oxide. The method of production a roadway ice cover suppressing reactant for a roadway covering slipperiness prevention provides for mixing of a component containing a magnesium compound, iced acetic acid and water, in the capacity of the component containing the magnesium compound is used brucite, the stirring is exercised in two stages: first they continuously agitate brucite with water and a part of iced acetic acid in a stoichiometric ratio at the temperature of 50-70°C within 50-80 minutes, then, not terminating mixing at the same temperature in the produced mix with pH=5-6 add the rest of ice acetic acid and then add potash in amount exceeding by 0.1 - 6 % the stoichiometric ratio and continue agitation till production of the roadway ice cover suppressing reactant - a solution with pH = 7-9.5 with the above indicated composition. The used roadway ice cover suppressing reactant has composition mentioned above. The technical result consists in - maintenance of the low temperature at the reactant usage, ensuring the passing ice covered roadways motor vehicles metal corrosion protection and at use as the airfield runways coatings - the corrosion protection of metals used in aircraft designs as well. The roadway coating treated with the reactant has a high coefficient of adhesion, that reduces the accident rate on the roadways.
EFFECT: the invention ensures, that the roadway coating treated with the reactant decreases the accident rate on the roadways.
6 cl, 2 tbl, 4 ex
FIELD: chemical industry.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to preparations used for prevention and removal of snow-ice formations in roads. An anti-glaze of ice preparation comprises the following components, wt.-%: calcium chloride, 15-50; sodium chloride, 48.5-83.5; potassium ferricyanide, 0.2-0.5, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3-1.0. Anti-glaze of ice preparation in granulated form is resistant against caking, inhibits corrosion of metals and reduces inhibitory effect of chloride on plants.
EFFECT: improved and valuable properties of preparation.
FIELD: special reagents.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to substances for applying on surface to prevent or diminish adhering ice, mist or water on it, for prevention of icing, in particular, to anti-glaze of ice reagents. The composite comprises the following components, wt.-%: calcium chloride, 25-32; urea, 2-7; sodium nitrite, 0.03-1.0, and water, the balance. Invention provides preparing the composite harmless for environment that doesn't show harmful effect on environment, doesn't corrode road coatings, and inhibits corrosion of metals. Agent shows economy and high effectiveness.
EFFECT: improved and valuable properties of reagent.
2 cl, 1 tbl
FIELD: road-transport industry.
SUBSTANCE: method includes applying substance on asphalt-concrete mixture. As substance silicon-organic modifier is used, loss of which at 1 m2 of area of pre-placed on road asphalt-concrete mixture at temperature 80-100°C is no less than 0,3-0,5 kg. After applying modifier, asphalt-concrete mixture is rolled.
EFFECT: higher efficiency, no corrosive effect on metals, effective at temperature above -20°C.
2 cl, 3 tbl, 3 ex, 1 dwg
FIELD: domestic chemistry.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agents using against misting and icing windshields in transports, sight glasses in agent of individual protection and can be used in living conditions for prevention showcase glasses icing. The composition comprises the following components, wt.-%: polyoxyethylene glycol ester of synthetic primary higher alcohols of (C12-C14)-fraction as a surface-active substance, 6-25; urea or thiourea, or mixture of urea and thiourea, 1-20; glycerol, 5-25; ethylene glycol, 5-41; dye, 0.0005-0.02, and a solvent, the balance. Propyl alcohol as propanol-1 or propanol-2 can be used as a solvent. The composition elicits an anti-misting and anti-icing properties, provides two-sided protection of sight glasses of transport agents and agents of individual protection in cooling the protecting glass surface up to -40°C, elicits the prolonged protective effect, it doesn't solidify at the environment temperature below -40°C and doesn't require the special technical devices for its applying.
EFFECT: valuable properties of composition.
3 cl, 1 tbl, 10 ex
FIELD: Composition of an anti-icing water solution for roads surface treatment.
SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to production of composition of an anti-icing water solution for roads surface treatment against a winter slipperiness (snow rolling-ups, a glaze ice, black ice) n the roads and streets in cities and settlements. The composition contains, in mass %: 20-27 calcium chloride, 5-30 ethyl alcohol, 0.3-5 corrosion inhibitors (borax or sodium nitrite or their mixture), the rest - water. The technical result is - an increase of effectiveness of the composition application, an increase of friction coefficient due to a decrease of the ice density, a raise of the composition ice melting capacity.
EFFECT: the invention ensures an increase of effectiveness of the composition application, an increased friction coefficient and a decreased ice density, a raise of the composition ice melting capacity.
1 cl, 1 ex, 2 tbl
FIELD: materials for miscellaneous applications.
SUBSTANCE: grain mixture comprise, in mass %, 15-45% of compressed first salt of alkaline or alkaline-earth metal and 85-55% of the second salt of alkaline or alkaline-earth metal. The first salt is a waterless hygroscopic salt.
EFFECT: reduced cost.
14 cl, 4 dwg
FIELD: preventive means against freezing and sticking of loose materials to walls of mining and transport equipment; prevention of dusting on interim roads, open-cut mining; protection of rolling stock against freezing and blowing-off of loose materials, coal and peat for example.
SUBSTANCE: preventive means is made in form of mixture of solvent and thickening additive of oil nature. Used as solvent are distillation residues of coke and by-product process and/or by-products of production of butadiene, isoprene, isobutylene, ethylene both independently and in mixture with distillation residues of production process of polymers, pyrolysis residues, benzene, styrene and distillation residues of production of butanol, isobutanol, 2-ethyl hexanol acid and 2-ethyl hexanol. Solvent may additionally contain gas oils of thermal and catalytic cracking and gas oils of coking process. Used as thickening additives are mineral and synthetic oils of all kinds, mixture of used oils, oil sludge, oil residues and oil fuel. Components of thickening additive and solvent are used at any combination. Novelty of invention is use of wastes of various processes of oil and petroleum chemistry products.
EFFECT: extended field of application; cut costs; enhanced ecological safety.
5 cl, 1 dwg, 2 tbl, 17 ex
FIELD: suppression or reduction of icing on surfaces by means of antiicing compounds.
SUBSTANCE: proposed anti-icing compounds contain succinic acid and/or succinic anhydride and neutralizing base, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide in particular. When mixed with water anti-icing compounds form succinates in the course of reaction which causes fast liberation of heat sufficient for melting ice on surface. According to other versions, anti-icing compounds contain glycol which inhibits repeated icing on cleaned surface. Specification gives description of sets of compounds for melting snow and ice.
EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of melting snow and ice on aircraft and territories of their operation.
29 cl, 11 dwg, 7 tbl, 2 ex
FIELD: motor-car industry; other industries; methods of production of the anti-icing reactant.
SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the method of production of the anti-icing reactants for maintenance of roads in winter. The method of production of the anti-icing reactant based on sodium chloride and calcium chloride provides for mixing of the sodium chloride with calcium chloride and their heating and drying. Sodium chloride crystals are coated with the atomized solution of calcium chloride and dried in the "boiling bed" kiln with production of the double-layer granules, the outer layer of which is composed out of calcium chloride. Sodium chloride crystals are coated with calcium chloride in two phases. The forming small particles of calcium chloride are fed into the cyclone, whence the cyclone dust of the calcium chloride is fed into the mixer for intermixing with the wet crystals of sodium chloride. The produced anti-acing reactant has the improved physicochemical thermodynamic properties.
EFFECT: the invention ensures, that the produced anti-acing reactant has the improved physicochemical thermodynamic properties.
3 cl, 1 ex, 2 tbl
