Catalyst and method for producing dimethyl ether and methanol from synthesis gas
Catalyst for the synthesis of dimethyl ether and methanol from synthesis gas on the basis of copper-zinc-chromium-aluminum system, characterized in that it is prepared by mixing component A, obtained by treating aluminum hydroxide in the amount of 5-10 wt.% (in terms of aluminum oxide) by weight of the total solution chromic anhydride, component B, which represents ammonia or ammonium carbonate, or ammonium formity or ammonium acetate solution of copper and zinc, and component, which is used as the oxide or aluminum hydroxide; distillation of ammonia or ammonia and carbon dioxide from the solution; drying the obtained precipitate and calcination at a temperature not higher than 380oC, and the operation of mixing the components a, B and C are conducted in such a way that either the first mixing components B and C, and further add the component a or first mixed components a and B, and the component In add later stage after drying or after the stage of calcination, and the operation of the distillation is carried out either after mixing all three components, or after mixing two components, one component B. the Technical result is to obtain a stable catalyst, providing a high prie years increased interest in obtaining dimethyl ether (DME) as an intermediate product for the production of motor fuel or in connection with the projected using it directly as an environmentally friendly fuel.In industry, the synthesis of dimethyl ether by dehydration of methanol to high-silica zeolites. However, published a number of patents on the catalytic synthesis of dimethyl ether from carbon oxides and hydrogen, in some cases with the addition of water vapor.The process of DME synthesis involves the reaction of hydrogenation of oxides of carbon to methanol, the conversion of carbon monoxide with water vapor and dehydration of methanol to DME. To implement such a process is necessary catalysts possessing multifunctional properties, which must ensure the flow of all these reactions.In known patents indicated on the application for the purpose of alumina and catalysts for methanol synthesis.As catalysts are used, as a rule, copper-zinc-chromium, copper-zinc-chromium-aluminum or copper-zinc-chromium-aluminosilicate system.In all cases, the catalysts obtained by coprecipitation of the components of the nitric acid solutions followed by washing precipitation, drying, calcination and pelletizing, separate deposition hydrogenating and dehydrating components and their subsequent mixing (U.S. Pat. Germany 3118620) or using them separately, by C is utilizator (U.S. Pat. Italy 929006). The catalyst consists of carbonates (basic carbonates and/or hydroxides of the metals, which in the subsequent calcining turn into oxides (mixed oxides).In addition to these disadvantages of the above methods, as significant production costs associated with the consumption of pure condensate or demineralized water for washing precipitation, difficulties in further processing of the filtrate and use of wash water containing impurities of non-ferrous metals, obtained by using these methods, the catalysts have insufficient stability in the synthesis of dimethyl ether, and must be regenerated directly in the synthesis process after a short period of time (40-60 hours), which complicates the process, reduce production and additional costs (U.S. Pat. USA 2097382 and Germany 3118620).Closest to the proposed catalyst is a copper-zinc-chromium-aluminum catalyst, obtained by the Japan patent 5071297 B4. The catalyst is prepared by joint precipitation of zinc and chromium and/or aluminum with obtaining sediment and deposition of copper and zinc with chromium and/or aluminum with obtaining sediment B. Precipitation a and B together is dispersed in water, then subspecialise high performance in the process of synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) and methanol in a long time.This goal is achieved by the fact that to obtain a catalyst using the following components: component A, obtained by treating aluminum hydroxide in the amount of 5-10 wt.% (in terms of aluminum oxide) of the total mass of the final calcined catalyst with a solution of chromic anhydride; component B represents ammonia or ammonium carbonate, or ammonium formity or ammonium acetate solution of copper and zinc; - component, which is used as the oxide or hydroxide of aluminum, preferably in the form of powder or aqueous suspension 1:1, and the catalyst obtained by the operations of mixing the above components, distillation of ammonia or ammonia and carbon dioxide from the solution at a temperature of 80-90oWith, drying the obtained precipitate to a fluid state and its calcination at a temperature not higher than 380oC, and the mixture of components a, B and C are conducted sequentially in the following way: first or mix components a and B, and the component To add later, or first mixing components B and C, and further add component a, and, thus, in the case where first by mixing the components a and B, the component To add to the intermediate PSEH three components, or after mixing two components, one of which is a component B.Collected in this way the catalyst for the synthesis of dimethyl ether and methanol is a copper-zinc-chromium-aluminium-containing catalyst, preferably of the following composition (in wt. %): SiO - (17,5-35,0); ZnO - (17,5-35,0); CR2O3- (12,5-25,0); Al2O3- (5-52,5) (the content of the components is given in terms of the content of oxides in the calcined catalyst), including at least 10 wt.% by weight of calcined catalyst aluminum compounds with chromium and at least 10 wt. % of chromium compounds with copper and zinc (total).Thus, the proposed method for the preparation of the catalyst provides a high content of chromium and aluminum in the catalyst, and the presence in its composition more stable, not destroyed in the process of synthesis of dimethyl ether and methanol components, preferably of chromium, copper and zinc (Cu

Claims
1. Catalyst for the synthesis of dimethyl ether and methanol from synthesis gas on the basis of copper-zinc-chromium-aluminum system, characterized in that it prigotovlena alumina by weight of the total solution chromic anhydride, component B, which represents ammonia or ammonium carbonate, or ammonium formity or ammonium acetate solution of copper and zinc, and component, which is used as the oxide or aluminum hydroxide; distillation of ammonia or ammonia and carbon dioxide from the solution; drying the resulting sludge; and annealing at a temperature not higher than 380°C, and the operation of mixing the components a, B and C are conducted in such a way that either the first mixing components B and C, and further add the component a or first mixed components a and B, component b is added later stage after drying or after the stage of calcination, and the operation of the distillation is carried out either after mixing all three components, or after mixing two components, one component B.2. The catalyst p. 1, wherein after calcination of the mixture components obtained product is further treated with a solution of copper, and then again dried and calcined.3. The way dimethyl ether and methanol from synthesis gas in the presence of copper-zinc-chromium-aluminum catalyst at elevated pressure and temperature, characterized in that the use of the catalyst according to any one of paragraphs.1 and 2.4. The method according to p. 3, distinguish
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