The method of producing ammonia

 

(57) Abstract:

The method of producing ammonia from hydrocarbons, water vapor, air, includes compression and purification of raw materials from sulfur compounds, steam and main steam-catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons, the conversion of carbon monoxide, treatment received nitric mixture of oxygenated compounds, compression, synthesis of ammonia in a closed loop, with some air in the amount of 0.42-0,0836 of the total number of air together with part of hydrocarbons and water vapor is directed to the additional vapor catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons, and then the resulting mixture is sent to the main vapor catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons. The heat of the gases after the main steam-catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons used for heating gases coming on this conversion. The method can reduce the specific consumption of hydrocarbons. 1 C.p. f-crystals.

The invention relates to the production of ammonia and can be used in the chemical industry. A method of obtaining ammonia from hydrocarbons, water vapor, air, Keene in the shaft of the Converter, the conversion of carbon monoxide, treatment received nitric mixture of oxygenated compounds, compression, synthesis of ammonia in a closed loop [1].

The method requires to expend technical oxygen for carrying out the conversion of methane. The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the described invention is a method of producing ammonia from hydrocarbons, water vapor, air, including compression and purification of raw materials from sulfur compounds, steam and air-steam catalytic conversion of methane, the conversion of carbon monoxide, treatment received nitric mixture of oxygenated compounds, compression and synthesis of ammonia in a closed loop [2].

This method is characterized by high specific consumption of hydrocarbons due to the feed vapor conversion of methane to oxygen in amount greater than that required for the mine Converter methane Autoterminal mode. Oxygen binds with hydrogen and is then output from the system in the form of water. Less feeding oxygen because the quantity supplied to a steam-methane conversion of oxygen dependence is>CO)/N₂=3,0...3.04 from.

The objective of the invention is the reduction of specific consumption of hydrocarbons.

This object is achieved in that in the method of producing ammonia from hydrocarbons, water vapor, air, including compression and purification of raw materials from sulfur compounds, steam and main steam-catalytic conversion of methane, the conversion of carbon monoxide, treatment received nitric mixture of oxygenated compounds, compression and synthesis of ammonia in a closed loop according to the invention the part of the air, part of the hydrocarbons and part of the water vapor is directed to the additional vapor catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons and obtained after the conversion of the mixture is sent to the main steam-catalytic conversion of methane.

To reduce specific consumption of hydrocarbons in the invention also use the heat vapor gases after the catalytic conversion of methane to heat the gases coming on this conversion.

The amount of air directed to additional vapor conversion of hydrocarbons, as well 0,042-0,0836 of the total volume of the air used in invertirovannoi gas and the amount of air aimed at conversion. The amount of water vapor directed to additional catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons, is determined by the adopted volumetric steam:gas ratio at the input.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

The aggregate production of ammonia has a capacity of 58,261 t/h. Steam catalytic conversion of methane is carried out with steam: gas ratio=3,1584:1. The temperature of the mixture at the outlet of the reaction tubes 790-823^oC.

The main steam-catalytic conversion of methane is carried out at a temperature of incoming gas mixture 830^oC. the Relation of H₂+/Na output 3:1. The outlet gas temperature 1000^oC. the methane Content in the dry gas at the outlet of 0.35%. The air temperature at the inlet 470^oC.

Additional vapor catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons is carried out at a volumetric ratio of steam:gas input 2:1. Temperature 400^oC. the Temperature of the mixture at the output of 850^oC. the methane Content in the converted gas 2%.

The temperature of gas entering the main steam-catalytic conversion of methane, due to the heating gases after atomnogo raw material is sent to the air in the volume 2115,75 nm³per hour or 0,042 of the total amount of air used in the aggregate production of ammonia. The amount of hydrocarbon supplied to the additional conversion is 803,55 nm³/h (determined from the condition of Autoterminal process), the amount of water vapor 1607,1 nm³/h (determined from the ratio of steam:hydrocarbon=2:1 input additional vapor conversion). The heat of the gases after the main steam-catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons is used to heat the gases coming on this conversion. Reduction of specific consumption of hydrocarbons compared with the prototype 0,0883%.

Example 2

Conditions in the example are the same as in example 1, except that the acceptable amount of air directed to additional vapor catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons, equal 3853,68 nm³per hour or 0,0765 from the total air volume. The amount of hydrocarbon supplied to the additional conversion is 1463,59 nm³per hour, the amount of water vapor 2927,18 nm³/hour. Reduction of specific consumption of hydrocarbons in this case 7,53% compared to the prototype.

Example 3

Conditions in brimlow vapor catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons, equal 4211,35 nm³per hour or 0,0836 from the total air volume. The amount of hydrocarbon supplied to the additional conversion is 1596,1 nm³per hour, the amount of water vapor 3192,2 nm³/hour. Specific consumption of hydrocarbons compared with the prototype is reduced in this case 0,0646%.

The examples show that outside of the specified bounds 0,042-0,0836 to achieve tangible economic effect cannot. At these values the effect is small due to values approaching zero.

Thus, specified in the invention of distinctive features can achieve a reduction of consumption of hydrocarbons is most prevalent in the specified bounds.

Sources of information

1. Directory of apothica, so 1. - M., 1967, S. 95-98, 211, 366.

2. Directory of apothica. - M.: Chemistry, 1986, S. 83-85, 213, 222, 360-364.

1. The method of producing ammonia from hydrocarbons, water vapor, air, including compression and purification of raw materials from sulfur compounds, steam and main steam-catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons, the conversion of carbon monoxide, treatment received nitric mixture of oxygenated compounds, compression and synthesis emmaste part of hydrocarbons and water vapor is directed to the additional vapor catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons, and then, the resulting mixture is sent to the main vapor catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons.

2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the heat vapor gases after the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons used for heating gases coming on this conversion.