The method of producing ammonia

 

(57) Abstract:

The method of producing ammonia from hydrocarbons, water vapor, air, includes compression and purification of raw materials from sulfur compounds, steam and air-steam catalytic conversion of methane, the conversion of carbon monoxide, treatment received nitric mixture from oxygen-containing compounds, compression, synthesis of ammonia in a closed loop, the use of untreated from the sulphur content of the feedstock as fuel, waste heat of flue gases and highlights them in the environment and is characterized by the fact that some of the raw materials of 0.001-0,048 the number of hydrocarbons, last clearing of sulfur compounds, is burned in a mixture with compressed air, and the resulting flue gases in the number 0,0146-1,685 from the amount of air directed to the vapor catalytic conversion of methane is fed to a steam-catalytic conversion of methane. The technical result is to reduce the consumption of hydrocarbon raw materials, reduction of emissions and waste heat from flue gases.

The invention relates to processes of chemical technology, and in particular to methods of production of ammonia.

Known s from sulfur compounds, processoriomodule catalytic conversion of methane in the mine Converter, the conversion of carbon monoxide, purification of the obtained hydrogen sulfide mixture from oxygen-containing compounds, compression, synthesis in a closed loop /1/.

This method requires the expenditure of technical oxygen for carrying out the conversion of methane.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the described invention is a method of producing ammonia from hydrocarbons, water vapor, air, including compression and purification of raw materials from sulfur compounds, steam and air-steam catalytic conversion of methane, the conversion of carbon monoxide, treatment received nitric mixture from oxygen-containing compounds, compression, synthesis of ammonia in a closed loop, the use of untreated from the sulphur content of the feedstock as fuel, waste heat resulting from the combustion of fuel and the discharge of flue gases in the environment /2/.

This method is characterized by high specific consumption of hydrocarbons due to the feed vapor conversion of methane by oxygen amount greater than required. Sour is the quantity supplied to a steam-methane conversion of oxygen depends on the stoichiometric ratio between the main components of the gas mixture, which should be (N₂+WITH):N₂=3,0...3.04 from.

The objective of the invention is the reduction of specific consumption of hydrocarbons and the reduction of the number of emitted flue gases.

This object is achieved in that in the method of producing ammonia from hydrocarbons, water vapor and air, including compression and purification of raw materials from sulfur compounds, steam and air-steam catalytic conversion of methane, the conversion of carbon monoxide, treatment received nitric mixture from oxygen-containing compounds, compression, synthesis of ammonia in a closed loop, the use of untreated from the sulphur content of the feedstock as fuel, waste heat of flue gases and release them into the environment, according to the invention the part of the compressed raw last clearing of sulfur compounds, is burned in a mixture with compressed air, and the resulting flue gases after disposing of their direct heat on a steam-catalytic conversion of methane.

The value of raw materials, past clearing of sulfur compounds and directed to the combustion air of 0.001...0,048 the number of hydrocarbons. The amount of flue gases, naprostou methane conversion.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1. Power unit ammonia 57,95 t/h Ammonia is produced from hydrocarbons, water vapor and air, which komprimiert to the pressure of 43.3 kg/cm²purify raw materials from sulfur compounds, conduct steam and air-steam catalytic conversion of methane, the conversion of carbon monoxide, treatment received nitric mixture from oxygen-containing compounds, komprimiert to a pressure of 335 kg/cm²spend the synthesis of ammonia in a closed loop, using crude from sulfur raw materials as fuel, disposed heat of flue gases and produce the latest in the environment. Part of the compressed raw last clearing of sulfur compounds in the number 59,704 nm³/h (0,001 on the quantity of hydrocarbons), is burned in a mixture with compressed air, and the resulting flue gases in the number 727,9 nm³/h (0,0146 from the amount of air directed to the vapor catalytic conversion of methane) served on a steam-catalytic conversion of methane.

To carry out combustion with air of hydrocarbons, last clearing of sulfur compounds, using podkluchaetsia 14000 nm³/h of flue gases with a temperature of 200^oC.

As a result of use of the invention in comparison with the prototype, the number of gas emissions into the atmosphere is reduced by 0.18%, and the specific consumption of hydrocarbons is reduced by 0.12% (determined using equation katipamula transition") /3/.

Example 2. The original data in example 2 are the same as in example 1 except that the amount of added flue gas is 34808,31 nm³/h (1,685, compared to the amount of air directed to the vapor catalytic conversion of methane). With the high number of flue gas heat resulting from the exothermic reactions is equal to the amount of heat consumed by the endothermic reactions during the steam-reforming of methane, and the increase in the volume of flue gases above the specified limit is inappropriate. The number of compressed hydrocarbons, the last schittko from compounds of sulfur and burnt in a mixture with compressed air, will be equal to 2857,825 nm³/h (0,048 the number of hydrocarbons).

To carry out combustion with air of hydrocarbons, last clearing of sulfur compounds, monovich gases with a temperature of 160^oWITH,

Specific consumption of hydrocarbons will be reduced by 5,71%.

Thus, specified in the invention of distinctive features can achieve a reduction of hydrocarbons through the use of flue gas as a raw material component, to reduce emissions and recycle flue gas heat.

From the examples it is seen that outside the specified bounds 0,001...0,048 and 0,0146...1,685 to achieve tangible economic effect cannot. At values less than 0.001 and 0,0146 effect is small due to values approaching zero, but values above 0,048 and 1,685 it will be impossible to vapor catalytic conversion of methane, so as not to be missed heat conducting endothermic reactions.

Sources of information

1. Directory of apothica. - M., 1967, I. 1, S. 95-98, 211, 366.

2. Directory of apothica. - M.: Chemistry, 1986, S. 83-84, 213, 222, 360-364.

3. The Leites and other Theory and practice of chemical technology, M.: Chemistry, 1988, c. 165-166.

The method of producing ammonia from hydrocarbons, water vapor and air, including compression and purification of raw materials from sulfur compounds, steam and air-steam catalytic conversion of methane conversion is s, the synthesis of ammonia in a closed loop, the use of untreated from the sulphur content of the feedstock as fuel, waste heat of flue gases and their secretion into the environment, characterized in that the part of the raw material of 0.001-0,048 quantities of hydrocarbons, last clearing of sulfur compounds, is burned in a mixture with compressed air, and the resulting flue gases in the number 0,0146-1,685 amount of air supplied to the vapor catalytic conversion of methane is fed to a steam-catalytic conversion of methane.