Method of fluid analysis for metals - products of deterioration of parts and mechanisms, washed these liquids
(57) Abstract:
The invention relates to the field of analytical chemistry and can be used to determine the content of an impurity in a variety of special fluids, such as oil, fuel and hydraulic fluids in various industries where these fluids are used. The technical result of the invention is to reduce the error analysis associated with the particle size of the impurity metals - wear products. The inventive method comprises preparing a sample for analysis, preparation of standard samples, construction of calibration graphs, measurement of the concentration of the detected elements, with a sample pre-centrifuged, the precipitate is placed in a separating funnel with a clean analyzed by liquid and after the sedimentation of particles selected volumes of fluid with a narrow classes of particles that are analyzed on the calibration curve corresponding to the known size of the particles, and the concentration of elements in the sample is calculated as the total mass of the element divided by the initial volume of the analyzed fluid. 2 Il. The invention relates to the field of analytical chemistry and can be used to determine the content of CA is s industry, where these fluids are used.The method for determination of metallic impurities in organic media /1/, which includes the excitation of the sample induction-coupled plasma and introduction to plasma combined solvent for the sample and sample comparisons. When the sample preparation samples and compare them add a mixture of orthoxylene and acetic anhydride at a volume ratio of 10:1-1:1.The known method of atomic-absorption determination of vanadium and molybdenum /2/, including their transfer to the complex compound with an organic reagent, which is used as M-cinnamylpiperazine, extraction of the complex in toluene at a ratio of aqueous and organic phases 50:1 and the atomization of the extract in the presence of 2.5-3 M solution of ammonium fluoride.The known method of atomic absorption analysis solutions /3/ by microcentrifuge defined element on the surface of the helix. When the sample solution is passed through the coil atomizer flow velocity of 0.1-0.3 m/min for 0.1 to 15 minutes while rotating the glass with a solution of the sample around its vertical axis.The closest analogue is the method of determining the concentration of metals in working aberavon characteristics according to the standard samples, the atomization of the oil samples. Calculated average arithmetic value measurements separately for each of the analyzed elements. On the calibration graphs are simple averages of the measurements are translated into the concentration of the respective element.The disadvantage of this method is the high error analysis associated with the particle size of the impurity metal wear products. As the particles of metal impurities wear products of units and mechanisms, washed by oil, have a different configuration and size, it has a noticeable effect on the time of their deposition in the sample. The settling velocity of particles increases with their size and with decreasing viscosity of the fluid when it is heated. And because the sample of the working oil is unknown, the average particle size of wear products, to choose the nature of the dependence of the signal, and hence the calibration chart on which I hope the content of the element in the particles and, respectively, in the sample, it is not possible.The aim of the invention is to reduce uncertainty analysis associated with the particle size of the impurity metal wear products.The goal of doom, construction of calibration graphs, measurement of the concentration of the detected elements, sample pre-centrifuged, the precipitate is placed in a separating funnel with a clean analyzed by liquid and after the sedimentation of particles selected volumes of fluid with a narrow classes of particles that are analyzed on the calibration curve corresponding to the known size of the particles, and the concentration of elements in the sample is calculated as the total mass of the element divided by the initial volume of the analyzed liquid.The method is as follows.Prepare the reference samples with different particle size (average particle size 5 μm, 10 μm and 20 μm) with the same copper content. Construct calibration graphs (Fig. 1), reflecting the dependence of the signal from the metal content in the oil. As can be seen from the graphs, the angle of direct significantly dependent on the average particle size. Because in real samples the particle size is unknown, model samples with different particle size by mixing the specimen with a particle size of 5, 10, 15 μm in the ratio of 1:1:1.The oil sample was diluted 2 times with clean gasoline and centrifuged. Loose sediments wear on the diameter of deposited faster and after some time the particles, depending on size, are distributed over the entire height of the oil column. This is followed by the deposition of particles and determine the amount of oil with a specified particle size, which corresponds to the narrow particle size class, which was previously calculated and evaluated using comebacks. The dependence of deposition time in the oil particles of copper oxide on their diameter is shown in Fig. 2.Thus prepared sample of the oil with particles of a given size can be analyzed by the calibration graphs, based on the standard samples of known particle size.The proposed method can be used to analyze fuel and hydraulic fluid, applying for diluting the liquid with a certain viscosity.Sources of information taken into account:1. Auth.St. USSR N 1087848 G 01 N 21/73, 19822. Auth.St. USSR N 1456888 G 01 N 21/74, 19873. Auth.St. USSR N 1259162, G 01 N 21/74, 19854. Certificate of methods of measuring the concentration of products of wear on equipment of the type ISF in the diagnosis engines. M, GosNII GA, 1993, S. 6-10 (prototype). Method of fluid analysis for metals - products of deterioration of parts and mechanisms, washed these fluids, including the concentration of the detected elements, characterized in that the sample pre-centrifuged, the precipitate is placed in a separating funnel with a clean analyzed by liquid and after the sedimentation of particles selected volumes of fluid with a narrow classes of particles that are analyzed on the calibration curve corresponding to the known size of the particles, and the concentration of elements in the sample is calculated as the total mass of the element divided by the initial volume of the analyzed fluid.
FIELD: ferromagnetic materials.
SUBSTANCE: dielectric pipeline with liquid is placed in high-frequency electromagnetic and constant magnetic fields and changes of parameters, characterizing high-frequency radiation, are recorded. Dielectric pipeline with researched ferromagnetic liquid is placed in portion of circular wave-conductor, where by means of exciting device in form of rod wave H11 is excited. Through wave-conducting coaxial transfer in one of shoulders of wave-conducting Y-pipe connected in H-plane by means of second exciting rod wave H10 is serially excited and measurement of concentration of ferromagnetic particles in liquid is performed. Current in solenoid for magnetizing portion of circular wave conductor is enabled, falling high-frequency radiation is linearly polarized, direction of strain vector of constant magnetic field is combined with direction of radiation in liquid and strain of constant magnetic field is increased to limit value Hli - moment of change of polarization of output wave from linear to rotating. On basis of maximal angle of rotation of vector of electric field of linearly polarized wave dielectric penetrability of mixture is determined, and on basis of magnetization current magnetic activity of ferromagnetic particles is determined and magnetic penetrability of mixture and correction for change of magnetic activity is made for measurement of ferromagnetic particles concentration.
EFFECT: higher efficiency.
1 dwg
FIELD: monitoring technologies, in particular, monitoring of chemically dangerous objects.
SUBSTANCE: concentration of dangerous substances is continuously determined, as well as intensiveness of emissions in working zone of object, sanitary-protective zone, protective operations zone and dangerous environment zone. Received values are compared to maximal allowed values. If received values exceed maximally allowed ones, infection zone and damage zone are determined. In case of possible emergency additional technical control means are utilized, information received from these is processed. Final decision about emergency situation is taken.
EFFECT: improved speed, reliability and trustworthiness of emergency situation detection.
2 cl, 4 dwg
FIELD: oil extractive industry and other industrial branches, where it is required to determine mass concentration of suspended particles with hardness of no more than 5 units of Mohs scale in well product.
SUBSTANCE: precipitation of suspended particles received from well product in form of liquid is dried and pressed with lower bromide potassium. Infrared spectrum of precipitation is recorded, its mineral composition is identified and it is compared with Mohs scale. With consideration of calibrating infrared spectrums concentration of suspended particles with hardness of no more that 5 units is calculated with converting to liquid volume.
EFFECT: improved efficiency.
FIELD: optical analyzers; particle laser analyzers; measurement technology.
SUBSTANCE: method and device can be used for continuous real-time scale measurement of concentration of microbe cells (density of biological mass) in liquid fermenters or similar reservoirs containing cell suspension. Number of cells in suspensions is determined continuously on the base on measurement of intensity of light dissipated by cells. Determination is based upon usage of calibration data received while measuring light dissipation in suspensions with known concentration of cells of that type which would be used in samples to be analyzed. Intensity of dissipated light is measured by photodetectors mounted at different angles to radiating light in such a manner that detection range equals to 0-180°. Gas bubbles are preliminary removed from suspension before delivering it measurement dish. Concentration of microbe cells can be determined within 0,01-100 g/l range in suspensions, including samples from fermenter.
EFFECT: improved truth of measurement.
2 cl, 6 dwg, 2 tbl
FIELD: survey of boreholes or wells, particularly gas well operation control.
SUBSTANCE: signaling device is made as vertical pipe installed in gas pipeline (gathering line or gas well manifold). Upper pipe part has orifices arranged from approach flow side, lower part thereof extends from gas pipeline and provided with ball shutoff valve. Feed pipe is secured from another tap side. The feed pipe is provided with netted flap secured to the pipe and provided with drive linked to two-position regulator along with signaling means, namely lamp or light-emitting diode. Regulator input is connected to pressure drop sensor.
EFFECT: increased reliability and reduced time of information obtaining.
1 dwg
FIELD: analyzing or investigating materials.
SUBSTANCE: device comprises illuminator made of light source and collimator optically connected with light catcher through the windows of the aspiration channel, lens for receiving diffuse light from the gas to be analyzed that are optically connected with the first photodetector, light guide with a built-in controller of the radiation flux connected with the second photodetector that is connected with the first photodetector, system for processing signals from the photodetectors, and device for displaying information. The light catcher is provided with the spherical counter-mirror mounted coaxially to the illuminator. The focal length of the counter-mirror is half of the distance between it and exit of the collimator. The mirror surface of the receiving lens mounted coaxially to the illuminator is made of a collar on the surface of round barrel cut by two planes perpendicular to the axis of the barrel and shifted with respect to the middle cross-section of the barrel.
EFFECT: expanded functional capabilities.
1 dwg
FIELD: investigating or analyzing materials.
SUBSTANCE: method comprises setting the rod covered with the adhesive agent in the gas flow. The rod is allowed to stand in the flow for a time interval and then is removed. The adhesive agent together with the adherent particles is then washed out by a solvent, and the solution obtained is filtered. The presence and amount of sediment indicate the fact of sand escaping and its intensity.
EFFECT: enhanced reliability.
1 dwg
