Wear-resistant ceramic material for the production of studs
(57) Abstract:
Usage: the invention relates to the production of cultural goods, household products, in particular, to the manufacture of studs for cars and trucks. The inventive anti-skid spikes are made of wear-resistant ceramic material containing oxides of aluminum, silicon, chromium and manganese, in the following ratio, wt. %: Al2O390,0 - 98,5; SiO20,8 - 4,0; Cr2O30,2 - 2,0; MnO 0.5 to about 4.0. table 1. The invention relates to the production of cultural goods, household products, in particular the production of studs for cars and trucks.Known anti-skid spike containing steel washer head and the insert of cemented carbide material [1]To the disadvantage of a thorn include the high cost, the use of hydrocarbon compounds based on tungsten, sophisticated manufacturing technology thorn, including turning head flange and the subsequent brazing head with insert.Known wear-resistant ceramics based on aluminum oxide [2]
However, the high sintering temperature (more than the pure aluminum oxide.Also known wear-resistant ceramic material on the basis of the oxides of aluminum, silicon, chromium and manganese in the following ratio, wt. Al2O393,6 of 96.2 SiO22,0-3,2 Cr2O30,3-0,7 MnO 1.5 to 2.5 [3]
The disadvantage of this material is not sufficiently high wear resistance due to high content of stekloobrazuyuschego additives (SiO2, Cr2O3, MnO).The purpose of the invention to simplify the manufacturing technology of thorns and reducing their cost.This objective is achieved in that the anti-skid spikes are made of wear-resistant ceramic material on the basis of oxides of aluminum, silicon, chromium and manganese in the following ratio, wt. Al2O396,3-98,5 SiO20,8-1,90 Cr2O3of 0.2-0.3 MnO 0.5 to 1.5
The introduction of the pottery small quantities stekloobrazuyuschego additives allows to obtain high-density material at sintering temperature 1540-1560aboutWith no significant reduction in wear resistance compared to pure aluminum oxide.P R I m m e R. Produced studded from the ceramic compositions according to the invention and outside the formula. As ishodnikami technical GOST 2912-79 and manganese carbonate GOST 7205-77. The components were weighed with regard to the content of the basic substance. After a joint grinding components with subsequent calcination at 1400aboutWith carried out secondary grinding. From the resulting powder by the method of slip casting followed by firing in a furnace at 1550aboutWith produced spikes. The wear resistance of thorns was assessed by the reduction of their mass after test in vivo on the truck KAMAZ-5320". The data given in the table.As can be seen from the table, the reduction in the content of Al2O3below the 96.3 wt. causes a noticeable increase in wear of a thorn that, apparently, is connected with the decrease in the hardness of the ceramic material.With increase in the content of Al2O3over to 98.5 wt. it is impossible to obtain a dense material by sintering at 1550aboutWith that also causes increased wear. The use of the composition of the ceramic material according to the invention allows to obtain a wear-resistant spikes by sintering at 1550aboutC. This greatly simplifies the technology of their production and thereby reduces the cost. WEAR-resistant CERAMIC material FOR the PRODUCTION of STUDS containing Al2O3, SiO2, Cr2O/SUB>O3- 96,3 - 98,5
SiO2- 0,8 - 1,9
Cr2O3- 0,2 - 0,3
MnO - 0,5 - 1,5
FIELD: refractory industry, in particular corundum parts for ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy.
SUBSTANCE: on the step of batch preparation surface of fused corundum filler spheroid particles is damped with oleic or stearic acid in amount of 0.5-0.0 mass % in respect to total mass of phosphate binder. During agitation fine dispersed intergrinding mixture containing (mass %): Al2O3 47-80, ZrO2-SiO2 20-53, and phosphate binder (e.g. phosphoric acid or aluminum phosphate) is added. Batch contains (mass %): fused corundum filler 50-70; fine dispersed intergrinding mixture 30-50; phosphate binder over 100 % 5-10. Batch is homogenized, formed, solidified in air, baked at decomposition temperature of zircon concentrate, and cooled with isothermal holding at 1100-9000C.
EFFECT: corundum-based articles with improved strength and heat resistance.
7 cl, 2 tbl
FIELD: metallurgy, in particular equipment for steel treatment in liquid state.
SUBSTANCE: hydraulically cured bulk contains (mass %): high aluminous cement 2.5-5; alumina 18-25; modifying additive 1.5-3; and balance: electrocorundum. As modifying additive preliminary synthesized material containing 45-55 % of Al2O3 and 42-52 % of CaO is used.
EFFECT: refractory material sintered at 16000C with decreased opened porosity and increased mechanical strength.
2 tbl
FIELD: non-iron metallurgy, in particular cladding of metal plunge.
SUBSTANCE: claimed refractory concrete contains (mass %): corundum mass 82-85; high-aluminous cement 4-5; electrical filter dust from silicium production 4-5; phosphoric acid 2-3; and water 3-4. Method for cladding manufacturing using the said concrete includes former installation into plunge; charging of refractory concrete into space between plunge internal wall and former, vibratory compaction, and two-step drying: at first at 20-250C for 5-7 days and then by graduated heating and drying. Namely, at first cladding is heated up to 1500C with rate of 6-80C/h and kept for 9-11 h; then cladding is heated up to 4000C with rate of 13-150C/h and kept for 14-16 h; then cladding is heated up to 6000C with rate of 20-220C/h and kept for 10-12 h. Cladding obtained by claimed method stands on silicium refining plunge up to 90 air thermal cycling.
EFFECT: cladding of improved strength.
2 cl, 4 tbl, 1 ex
FIELD: manufacture of refractory materials of corundum composition; manufacture of articles for lining of different thermal units working at high temperatures.
SUBSTANCE: charge includes synthetic corundum modified with readily decomposing additive of aluminate composition (for example, aluminum nitrate, aluminum formiate, bauxite, etc.) in the amount of 1-5 mass-% and phosphate binder. Used as phosphate binder is aluminum-boro-phosphate binder at the following composition of components, mass-%: modified corundum, 90-93 and phosphate binder, 7-10. Proposed charge makes it possible to reduce its sintering temperature and porosity of articles at enhanced strength and heat resistance and additional residual change in sizes at heating (by 1-13%).
EFFECT: enhanced efficiency.
1 tbl, 4 ex
FIELD: metallurgy.
SUBSTANCE: proposed device includes cluster unit with blowing unit arranged inside it; it consists of coaxial parts molded from refractory materials in form of truncated cone or truncated pyramid; said parts are engageable with one another forming passages between them for delivery of inert gas; on side of larger base of blowing unit flange is provided with hole for delivery of inert gas. Formed between flange and blowing unit is cavity. Blowing unit combined with cluster unit includes cylindrical porous refractory insert located between working part of blowing unit and metal flange. In central part of its lower base there is spherical recess in form of segment for receiving inert gas; upper base has square seats forming gas distributing cavity before working part of blowing unit. Cylindrical metal envelope welded to metal flange has at last two external beads over circle or metal angles welded to it. Passages in working part of blowing unit are oriented in way of motion of gas or are formed by projections over entire length on one of engageable taper or trapezoidal components of blowing unit. Cluster unit and porous insert are made from refractory material of definite composition on base of mineral binder; working part of blowing unit is made from carbon-containing mass of definite composition on organic binder. Monoblock unit of cluster unit and blowing unit is molded in molding built-up molding rigging. Use is made of multi-stage manual pneumatic ramming at initial stage of molding and automatic vibration ramming at final stage for obtaining large blowing units, up to 500 mm in height. Monoblock thus molded is subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 200-400°C.
EFFECT: enhanced reliability and safety; guaranteed capacity of unit; increased service life.
14 cl, 7 dwg
FIELD: manufacturing refractory materials.
SUBSTANCE: refractory packing mass comprises, in mass %, 51-61 of grain corundum, 32-43 of the mixture of fine corundum and refractory clay, and 5.5-7.5 of orthophosphoric acid.
EFFECT: enhanced strength.
3 cl, 1 tbl
FIELD: refractory articles for manufacturing of ceramic units operating at 1800°C.
SUBSTANCE: claimed raw mixture contains (mass %): fused corundum of grade <0.05 mm 45-50; fused mullite of grade 0.4-1 mm 15-22; ethyl silicate 1-2: and additionally it contains fused corundum of grade 0.5-0.8 mm 20-25; fused mullite of grade 1.0-2.5 mm 5-8; and graphite 2-5. Method of present invention makes it possible to increase refractoriness up to 1900°C and simultaneously to decrease backing temperature to 1450-1550°C.
EFFECT: raw mixture for production of refractory articles with increased refractoriness.
2 tbl
FIELD: refractory industry, in particular manufacturing of refractory material for cladding of steel teeming ladles.
SUBSTANCE: claimed refractory material is obtained from refractory mass containing (mass %): <0.063 mm-grade corundum 16-20; 0.5-1.0 mm-grade periclase 4-12; graphite 6-10; metal aluminum 1-5; crystalline silicium 2-5; ethylene glycol 1.5-1.8; powdered phenol binder containing not more than 1.0 mass % of free phenol 2.7-3.3; and balance: 0.5-6 mm-grade corundum. Abovementioned <0.063 mm-grade corundum contains <0.020 mm grade in amount of 1-5 mass % or more based on total corundum mass.
EFFECT: refractory material with bulk stability, high mechanical strength and low oxidation susceptibility.
2 tbl
FIELD: abrasive materials.
SUBSTANCE: invention is destined to provide high-strength corundum materials suited to manufacture of abrasive disks. Method of invention comprises preparing alumina-zirconium blend, fusing it from below and introducing reducer under surface of melt through the bed of blend in the second half-melting, tapping melt, and crystallization and cooling thereof. When being tapped and crystallized melt is protected against contact with air oxygen. Crystallizer contains metal vessel with upright metallic plates mounted inside the vessel with gaps between them. Crystallizer further has a holder to mount plate set. Outline of the lower part of plates follows outline of the vessel bottom. In the top part of each plate, V-shaped cut is made so that all cuts form together longitudinal groove to pour melt.
EFFECT: increased stability of physical structure on cooling, increased strength of grain and improved performance characteristics of abrasive tool, reduced laboriousness and material loss during crystallization operation, spared consumption of metallic reducer, and prolonged service time of crystallizer.
3 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl
FIELD: refractory materials.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to manufacture of corundum refractory articles based on mullite-corundum binder and used in linings of heat assemblies employed in variant industry fields. Method of invention comprises preparation of blend by way of moistening grainy corundum constituent with suspension of activating mullite-forming additive in industrial-grade lignosulfonate aqueous solution followed by mixing with finely ground corundum constituent, formation of articles from thus prepared blend, drying thereof, and firing at 1200-1500°C. Activating mullite-forming additive is finely ground silica/alumina mixture in eutectic weight ratio 94.5/5.5, respectively, used in amount 2-4% of the weight of total content of corundum constituents.
EFFECT: reduced power consumption on production of corundum refractory products due to lowered (by 200-500°C) firing temperature and reduced refuse.
1 tbl
