The method of obtaining batamaloo spilka

 

(57) Abstract:

The inventive lower splits cattle after soaking, ghosting, bating, pikelot acid and salt with the acid consumption of 1.5 - 2.0% by weight Spilka at 28 - 30°C, tan chromium compounds at a flow rate of 0.8 - 1.2% by weight Spilka, counting on the chromium oxide doublenaut chromium compounds and carboxyl-containing polymers at a flow rate of 0.3 - 10% by weight of shaved leather, counting on a dry residue. table 1.

The invention relates to a method of chemical treatment of skins, in particular to the pickling and tanning with chromium compounds, and can be used in the production of leather from batamaloo Spilka.

A method of obtaining batamaloo Spilka, including: soaking off, liming, double vision, obessolivanie, abating, the pickling acid and salt, chrome tanning and retanning following chemicals at their expense, from the weight of shaved leather: Organic acid 0,6 15 min

Feeding material,

resistant to electric

rolita of 0.5-1.0 10 min Chrome tanning agent 5,0 30 min Drug Tanesco M 7,5 60 min Dispersant 2,0 NF 15 min sodium Bicarbonate and 0.15 30 min [1]

The disadvantage of this method is that it does not allow poluchayt waste water packing plant sulphide of sodium and lime.

The prototype of the invention is a method for batamaloo Spilka, including: soaking off, liming ammonium sulfate 0.3% and the sodium sulfide to 3.2% by weight of the raw materials, glutton liming at the rate of calcium hydroxide 8-10 g/l, double vision, obessolivanie, abating, pickling at a flow rate of sodium chloride 6-7% and sulfuric acid of 0.7-0.8% by weight Spilka 18-20aboutWith, tanning, chrome tanning agent in the amount of 2.2-2.5% by weight Spilka, counting on the chromium oxide neutralization, dyeing greasing and finishing (2).

The disadvantage of this method is that it does not allow to obtain high-quality leather for the uppers from leather. In addition, the technological process of making leather from leather relatively long, and packing plant waste water contaminated with sodium sulfide, lime and chrome tanning agent.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the leather, the reduction of contamination of wastewater and process intensification.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the method of obtaining batamaloo Spilka, including: soaking off, double vision, abating, the pickling acid and salt, tanning and retanning of chromium compounds, pickling is carried out at the expense acid of 1.5-2.0% by weight Spilka at 28-30

A distinctive feature of the proposed method is that the conduct of pickling batamaloo Spilka at a flow rate of sulfuric acid of 1.5-2.0% by weight Spilka at 28-30aboutWith, tanning at the expense of chrome tanning agent 0,8-1,2% and retanning in the presence of a carboxyl-containing polymers, taken in an amount of 0.3-1.0% counting on dry residue, helps increase elasticity, strength, softness and fullness Spilka, to avoid carrying out ashing processes and obessolivanija of the hide, that allows to intensify the technological process and to reduce the pollution of wastewater compounds of chromium, sodium sulfide and hydroxide of calcium.

When conducting pickling with acid consumption less than 1.5% by weight Spilka and temperatures below 28aboutWith not achieving the desired separation of the structure of the dermis. The introduction of acid is more than 2.0% when the temperature is above 30aboutWith impractical because of the further loosening of the dermis and binding acid does not occur. With the introduction of tanning with chromium compounds less than 0.8% not achieved the effect of tanning, and the introduction of chrome is the view of wastewater compounds of chromium. With the introduction of carboxyl-containing polymers less than 0.3% by weight Spilka not achieved the required content of the semi-finished product. The introduction of carboxyl-containing polymers more than 1.0% leads to an increase in rigidity of the leather and reduce its hygienic properties.

The technology of the method is as follows. Botermans splits obtained from the skins of cattle after soaking and ghosting, washed, magchat and pikelot at a flow rate of the acid of 1.5-2.0% by weight Spilka at 28-30aboutC. Then produce tanning at a flow rate of chrome tanning agent 0,8-1,2% counting on the chromium oxide. After aging, spin and gouging spend retanning of chromium compounds in the presence of a carboxyl-containing polymers, taken in an amount of 0.3-1.0% by weight of shaved leather, counting on a dry residue. Further processes and operations carried out by standard methods.

P R I m e R 1. Lower splits obtained from raw bull weighing 25-27 kg, after ghosting, cut, washed, maghili and Pikalevo at a flow rate of sulfuric acid and 1.5% sodium chloride 7% by weight Spilka and the temperature of the 28aboutC for 6 h, then was treated with tanning with chromium compounds at a flow rate of 0.8% counting on SG2ABOUT3within 8 hours After aging, squeezing, slicing proizvodi chromium 1,2% by weight of shaved leather, counting on SG2ABOUT3with the basicity of 40% and a temperature of the processing liquid 40aboutC. All subsequent processes and operations performed by a typical method of producing leather from batamaloo Spilka.

P R I m m e R 2. Lower splits obtained by doubling the pre-otmechennogo raw rawhide average weighing 23-25 kg, were treated as in example 1, but the pickling was performed at a flow rate of sulfuric acid and 1.0% formic acid 0,75% by weight of the feedstock and the temperature of the 29aboutAnd tanning at the rate of tanning with chromium compounds 1,0% After aging, squeezing, slicing conducted retanning of chromium compounds in the presence of an aqueous polymer dispersion MO-30-K2, taken in an amount of 0.65% counting on the dry matter.

P R I m e R 3. Lower splits obtained from raw bull weighing 25-27 kg, were treated as in example 1, but the pickling was carried out at 30aboutWith the consumption of sulfuric and formic acid and 1% by weight leather and tanning with the consumption of tanning salts of chromium 1,2% Retanning conducted in the presence of a mixture of aqueous dispersions of polymers of BMP-3 and MO-30-K2 with the consumption of 1%, calculated on the dry matter, in the ratio of 1:1.

P R I m e R 4. Lower splits obtained from raw materials rawhide medium, were treated as in Primate tanning with chromium compounds 0,7% Retanning chrome salts were carried out in the presence of a dispersion of a copolymer of BMP-3 with a flow rate of 0.2%

P R I m e R 5. Lower splits obtained from raw materials of byczyna were processed as in example 1, but the pickling was carried out at 31aboutWith a mixture of sulfuric and formic acid in the ratio of 1:1 and a total flow rate of 2.1% by weight of leather, tanning tanning with chromium compounds with a flow rate of 1.3% (counting on the chromium oxide). Retanning tanning with chromium compounds were carried out in the presence of the polymer dispersion MO-30-K2 with a flow rate of 1.1% counting on the dry matter.

This has resulted in finished leather from leather, which had the following characteristics.

Using the proposed method allows to improve the quality of leather for the uppers from leather, to reduce the pollution of waste water tanneries chromium compounds and to intensify the process of making leather.

The METHOD of OBTAINING BATAMALOO SPILKA, including: soaking off, double vision, abating, the pickling acid and salt, tanning and retanning of chromium compounds, characterized in that the pickling is carried out at the expense acid 1,5 2,0 by weight leather 28 30oWith the tanning is carried out at a flow rate of chromium compounds of 0.8 to 1.2 by weight Spilka, counting on the chromium oxide, and retanning carried out in the presence of a carboxyl-containing polymers, taken in the quantity is

 

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FIELD: fur industry, in particular, method for evaluating pickling quality of leather web in tanning of fur and sheepskin raw material.

SUBSTANCE: method involves providing testing on parallel groups of fur sheepskin after pickling on three topographic portions of sheep skin surface: skirt, spine and neck portions; processing samples of each group with acid-salt solution for 24 hours; withdrawing sheepskins of each group from acid-salt solution in predetermined time intervals; removing excessive liquid; placing said samples into tensile testing machine and stretching lengthwise of spine line by 40% relative to initial length thereof; holding samples in stretched state for 1 min and withdrawing from tensile-testing machine; leaving samples in free state for 10 min; determining residual elongation value in mm.

EFFECT: reduced time for determining quantitative pickling characteristic of skin web.

2 tbl, 2 ex

FIELD: fur industry, in particular, method for evaluating pickling quality of leather web in tanning of fur and sheepskin raw material.

SUBSTANCE: method involves determining quantitative pickling characteristic of leather web of semi-finished product by using time of solving thereof in alkaline solutions, said time depending on number and kind of intermolecular bindings destructed during pickling. Solving of collagen in alkaline solutions depends upon nature of preliminary acidic preparing procedure. Solving is provided in aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide having concentration of 150 g/l and temperature of 18-20 C. Derma solving time is found after preliminary thermal processing at temperature of 60-65 C during 1.5 hours. Method may be employed both in production of fur and sheepskin products and in fur processing.

EFFECT: wider operational capabilities and reduced time for determining quantitative pickling characteristic of skin web.

1 tbl, 1 ex

FIELD: leather industry.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises pickling, tanning, and neutralizing the semifinished item. During pickling and subsequent tanning, the picking liquid is provided with acetate sodium in amount of 0.2-0.5 % and, then, chromic tanner in amount of 1.5-1.8%. The tanning is carried out until the pH of the solution reaches 4.2-4.4.

EFFECT: enhanced quality of tanning.

2 tbl

FIELD: defatting of crude sheepskin-and-fur material.

SUBSTANCE: method involves treating crude material in bacterial suspension having lipolytic activity of 20-30 units/g and proteolytic activity of 2.5-3.5 units/g. Suspension contains product of total microorganism vital activity used in an amount of 4-8 g/dm3, synthetic surfactant used in an amount of 0.25-0.5 g/dm3, and prokaryotic crop of Pseudomonas sp. type used in an amount of 107-109 cells/cm3, water the balance. Treatment is conducted at temperature of 40±2 C during 45 min by providing mechanical actions, and liquid coefficient of 7-10.

EFFECT: improved quality of defatting sheepskins, improved elastoplastic properties and reduced level of toxic contamination of sewage water.

3 dwg, 4 tbl

FIELD: fur industry, in particular, process for pickling of sheepskin fur coats and raw fur material.

SUBSTANCE: method involves pickling fur sheepskins in solution such as sour-milk composition having titratable acidity of at least 300 T, lactic acid concentration of at least 25 g/dm3 and medium active reaction below 3.5; providing said process at temperature of 30±2 C during 16 hours at variable mechanical action, with liquid to acid ratio of 7, sodium chloride consumption of 20 g/dm3.

EFFECT: improved quality of fur sheepskins due to reduced curling of hair-covering and improved elastoplastic properties thereof.

4 tbl, 4 ex

FIELD: fur industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention is directed to processing fur sheepskin intended for manufacturing clothing, headgears, footwear parts and other fur items. Crude fur sheepskin of all preservation types is subjected to soaking, first degreasing, squeezing, haircutting, and fleshing according to known technology. Then fur sheepskin is subjected to additional processing in aqueous solution of sodium chloride (15-20 g/L) and nonionic surfactant composition (1-2 g.L) for 2-6 h at 30-32°C. After second degreasing and washing, pickle salting is carried out for 20-24 h. 4-6 hours after the beginning of pickle salting, processing solution is supplemented by 3-5 g composition of nonionic surfactants (1:1 mixture of Neonol AF 9-12 and syntamide 5). Finally tanning and greasing are performed.

EFFECT: improved performance characteristics fur sheepskin intermediate product.

2 cl, 1 tbl, 5 ex

FIELD: leather and fur industry.

SUBSTANCE: method envisages culturing of kefir fungal or kurungal ferment (obtained in amount 50%) on a nutrient medium, which medium is pasteurized skim milk for four first culturing days, pasteurized mixture composed of skim milk and fat-free curds whey on 6-14th days, and pasteurized fat-free curds whey on 15-18th days. Culturing is carried out for 18 days at 22±1°C and mechanical shaking twice a day for 15 min to give ferment with acidity 350-360°T. Ferment may be added to pasteurized cooled milk or to pasteurized curds whey in amounts 25% followed by fermentation at 22±1°C and acidity 350-360°T.

EFFECT: increased stability of ferment (double storage time), its acid-generating capability, and population autoregulation, increased activity to accumulate lactic acid by 2 1/2 times, and reduced restoration time by 4-6 h.

2 cl, 4 tbl, 6 ex

FIELD: leather industry.

SUBSTANCE: method involves pickling leather depilated hide with sodium chloride and sulfuric acid, addition of chrome tanning agent to the same bath in its consumption 0.5-0.6% of depilated hide mass as measured for chrome oxide, and chrome-plating is carried out for 2-4 h. Aliphatic dialdehyde is added to same bath in the concentration 3-6% of depilated hide mass, and treatment is carried out for 2-3 h wherein glyoxal or glutaraldehyde is used as dialdehyde. Invention provides enhancing thermal stability and strength properties of leather and can be used in tanning leathers for different designation and assortment.

EFFECT: improved tanning method.

2 cl, 1 tbl, 9 ex

FIELD: material processing.

SUBSTANCE: method provides degreasing and/or drying of animals' skins. According to method, skins, being subject to degreasing and/or drying, are brought in contact with one or more extractants. At least one dissolvent, selected from group consisting of dimethyl ether, methylal, dioxolane, diethyl ether and methyl ethyl ketone, is used as single dissolvent. Sheep, cows', goat's or pig's skins are subject to degreasing and drying. Process is carried out in stator or rotor reactor under pressure of 1-12 bar and at temperature between 5°C and 40°C.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of cleaning; improved ecological safety of process.

14 cl, 1 dwg, 4 ex

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: method involves degreasing sheepskin-fur raw material and can be used in fur production during degreasing of sheepskin-fur coat and fur raw material. Processing of the raw material is carried out in a degreasing bath containing a bacterial suspension, which has both lipolytic 50-60 units/gram and proteolytic 8-10 units/gram activity, with the total product of life activity of the microorganisms at a value of 5-6 g/dm3, synthetic surface-active substance - 0.5-1.0 g/dm3, catalase-positive procariotic culture of genus Erwinia sp. in the quantity 109-1010 cells/cm3 in the degreasing bath hydrogen peroxide is additionally added in the quantity 0.1-1.0 g/dm3, preliminarily dissolved in a tenfold amount of piped water. Processing is carried out at a temperature of 40±2°C, for 60 min., with some mechanical action from time to time and liquid crystallisation=10.

EFFECT: increase in quality of degreasing sheepskin and reduction in the level of toxic sewage production.

4 tbl, 4 ex

FIELD: leather industry.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises pickling, tanning, and neutralizing the semifinished item. During pickling and subsequent tanning, the picking liquid is provided with acetate sodium in amount of 0.2-0.5 % and, then, chromic tanner in amount of 1.5-1.8%. The tanning is carried out until the pH of the solution reaches 4.2-4.4.

EFFECT: enhanced quality of tanning.

2 tbl

FIELD: leather industry.

SUBSTANCE: method involves pickling leather depilated hide with sodium chloride and sulfuric acid, addition of chrome tanning agent to the same bath in its consumption 0.5-0.6% of depilated hide mass as measured for chrome oxide, and chrome-plating is carried out for 2-4 h. Aliphatic dialdehyde is added to same bath in the concentration 3-6% of depilated hide mass, and treatment is carried out for 2-3 h wherein glyoxal or glutaraldehyde is used as dialdehyde. Invention provides enhancing thermal stability and strength properties of leather and can be used in tanning leathers for different designation and assortment.

EFFECT: improved tanning method.

2 cl, 1 tbl, 9 ex

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