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Method of demodulating minimum frequency-shift keying signals and apparatus for realsing said method Method of demodulating minimum frequency-shift keying signals is characterised by that it includes quadrature signal processing, shifting the signal spectrum from the high frequency region to a video frequency region in two concurrently operating quadrature demodulators, wherein the reference frequencies used in one of said channels are quadrature components of the carrier frequency of unit bits of transmitted information, and in the other - zero bits; summation of output signals of the quadrature demodulators is carried out before differentiation; the obtained signal is differentiated; before averaging, the obtained signal is subjected to two-side clipping and amplification. The apparatus includes two quadrature demodulators, two arctangent calculating units, a differentiator, an adder, a two-side clipper, an amplifier and an averaging circuit. |
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Digital demodulator for frequency-modulated signals Digital demodulator for frequency-modulated signals relates to radio engineering and can be used in devices for receiving discrete and analogue information for digital demodulation of frequency-modulated or frequency-shift keyed signals. The digital demodulator for frequency-modulated signals includes two digital narrow-band signal detectors (DNBD), which operate concurrently but with different sampling frequencies fKV1 and fKV2 generated by clock generators thereof. Inputs of DNBD1 and DNBD2 are connected together to form the input of the frequency-modulated signal demodulator. The output of DNBD1 is connected to the non-inverting input of a subtractor, the inverting input of which is connected to the output of DNBD2. The output of the subtractor is the output of the digital demodulator for frequency-modulated signals. |
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Signal demodulation system relates to demodulation of a phase- or frequency-modulated signal and can be used to detect a moving object. The signal demodulation system comprises: a complex demodulator (110) having a first input (111) for receiving a phase-modulated input signal (Si) and designed to perform complex multiplication of said signal with approximation of the inverse of the phase modulation value; a spectrum analyser (130) which receives the demodulated multiplied signal, generated by the complex demodulator (110), and capable of analysing the frequency spectrum of the demodulated multiplied signal, and a modulation controller (140). |
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Receiver, receiving method and programme Present invention relates to transmission and reception of animated image data. The receiver includes a demodulation circuit configured to demodulate data and control information attached to the data, and an extraction circuit configured to extract part of the control information, wherein the demodulation circuit is configured to perform demodulation in accordance with the extracted part of control information. |
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Differential phase-shift keyed signal digital demodulator Differential phase-shift keyed signal digital demodulator comprises an analogue-to-digital converter, a four-position shift register for multi-bit codes, first and second n-stage quadrature signal processing channels, first and second response generators for generating channel response to differential phase-shift keyed signal elements, having an adder, a subtractor and a multi-bit shift register, first and second quadratic converters and a decision device. |
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Nonlinear element used is a three-pole nonlinear element; the four-terminal element is complex and consists of reactive and resistive elements; the three-pole nonlinear element is connected between the output of the four-terminal element and is connected in a transverse circuit before the low-pass filter by a high-frequency load on a scheme with the common one of three electrodes; the source of the phase-modulated or frequency-modulated signal is connected to the input of the four-terminal element; given relationships between the modulus of the transfer function of the high-frequency part of the demodulator and frequency in order to form a given slope of the amplitude-frequency characteristic are provided by selecting the relationship between the element z11 of a matrix of resistances of the complex four-terminal element and frequency using the following mathematical expression: |
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Analogue signal mixer has antiphase inputs with channel X signal sources, first, second, third and fourth input transistors, the bases of which are connected to the antiphase inputs, and combined emitters of the first and second input transistors are connected through a first current-stabilising two-terminal element to the first power supply bus, load two-terminal elements connected between the second power supply bus and the first and second outputs of the device. A second current-stabilising two-terminal element is connected between the combined emitters of the third and fourth input transistors and the second power supply bus; an channel Y input voltage source is connected to emitters of the input transistors through series-connected capacitors and auxiliary resistors; the collectors of the third and fourth input transistors are connected to the third and fourth outputs of the device, respectively, and are connected to the first power supply bus through the load two-terminal elements, wherein the second output of the device is connected through a capacitor to the third output of the device, and the first output of the device is connected through a capacitor to the fourth output of the device. |
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Apparatus for generation and frequency modulation of high-frequency signals consists of a source of dc voltage and a low-frequency control signal, a three-terminal nonlinear element, a forward transmission circuit, a feedback circuit and a load, wherein the forward transmission circuit consists of a three-terminal nonlinear element; the feedback circuit used is an external feedback in form of an arbitrary four-terminal element connected to the three-terminal nonlinear element on a series-parallel circuit; the three-terminal nonlinear element is connected by the output electrode and common electrode to the load, which is in form of a first two-terminal element with complex resistance; the control electrode and the common electrode of the three-terminal nonlinear element is connected to a second two-terminal element with complex resistance; the imaginary component of the load resistance and the imaginary component of the resistance of the source of the input high-frequency signal of the generator and the frequency modulator in gain mode are composed of two series-connected parallel circuits with parameters. |
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Method of detecting initial phase modulation of periodic sequence pulses Method of detecting initial phase modulation of periodic sequence pulses is based on two-channel processing of input sequence pulses, wherein in each channel, each pulse of the input sequence is multiplied with the corresponding pulse of the reference sequence and the multiplication result is integrated, as well as on comparing output signals of channels, characterised by that the reference pulse sequence is generated by delaying input sequence pulses for the first channel by a time t=T, and for the second channel by a time t=0, where T is the repetition period of input sequence pulses, and initial phase modulation of the periodic sequence pulses is detected if the inequality Uout.1<Uout.2 is satisfied, where Uout.1, Uout.2 denote amplitude of output signals of the first and second channels, respectively, for any of two pulses of the sequence. |
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Long-term weakening of noise in asynchronous wireless network Jamming base station may transmit with low capacity level or not transmit at all along reserved resources of an downlink, in order to reduce noise for a terminal. Terminals served by means of the jamming base station may transmit with low capacity level or not transmit at all along reserved resources of an downlink, in order to reduce noise in the service base station. The terminal in this case may communicate with the service base station. |
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Method of demodulating and filtering phase-modulated signals and apparatus for realising said method Apparatus for demodulating and filtering phase-modulated signals consists of a four-terminal element, a two-terminal nonlinear element, a low-pass filter and a separating capacitor and is characterised by that a high-frequency load is connected in a transverse circuit between the output of the four-terminal element and the low-pass filter, the two-terminal nonlinear element is connected between the source of the phase-modulated signal and the input of the four-terminal element in longitudinal circuit. |
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Method of demodulating and filtering phase-modulated signals and apparatus for realising said method Method of demodulating and filtering phase-modulated signals is characterised by that a phase-modulated signal is transmitted to a demodulator, having a four-terminal element, a three-terminal nonlinear element, a high-frequency load, the four-terminal element being made from a T-connection of three two-terminal elements, the first and third of which are formed from two parallel oscillatory circuits, a low-pass filter and a low-frequency load in form of an integrating circuit, wherein the phase-modulated signal is converted to an amplitude-phase-modulated signal by transmitting said signal to the right or left side slope of the amplitude-frequency curve of the high-frequency part of the demodulator in a given frequency band; values of parameters of elements of the four-terminal element are determined using mathematical expressions given in the claim. |
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Method of demodulating and filtering phase-modulated signals and apparatus for realising said method Method of demodulating and filtering phase-modulated signals consists in that a demodulator is connected between a source of phase-modulated signals and a low-frequency load and is made from a four-terminal element, a nonlinear element, a high-frequency load, a low-pass filter and a separating capacitor, wherein a phase-modulated signal is converted to an amplitude-phase-modulated signal by feeding it to the right-side or left-side slope of the amplitude-frequency curve, the low-pass filter is used to select the information-bearing low-frequency signal, which is transmitted to a low-frequency selective load in form of a differentiating or integrating circuit, respectively. The apparatus has a source of phase-modulated signals, a four-terminal element, a nonlinear element, a high-frequency load, a low-pass filter and a low-frequency load. |
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Modulation and demodulation apparatus is connected between a source of high-frequency signals and a low-frequency load and is made from cascade-connected matching four-terminal element with at least three two-terminal elements, a three-terminal nonlinear element, a high-frequency load and a low-pass filter; in demodulation mode, the nonlinear element decomposes the spectrum of the amplitude-modulated signals; their amplitude-modulation factor is corrected; the low-pass filter selects the information-bearing low-frequency signal; in modulation mode, resistance values of the two-terminal elements are selected based on the condition of simultaneously providing given ratios of moduli of transfer constants in two states of the nonlinear element. |
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Multifunctional apparatus which realises the method has a complex two-terminal element, a dc voltage source, a two-terminal nonlinear element with a negative differential resistance, a reactive four-terminal element, a load and a low-frequency control signal source, wherein the reactive four-terminal element is in form of a T-connection of three two-terminal elements which are in form of two series-connected parallel loops; values of parameters of the elements are defined in accordance with given mathematical expressions. |
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Multifunctional apparatus which realises the method has a complex two-terminal element, a dc voltage source, a two-terminal nonlinear element with a negative differential resistance, a reactive four-terminal element, a load and a low-frequency control signal source, wherein the reactive four-terminal element is in form of a T-connection of three two-terminal elements which are in form of two series-connected parallel loops; values of parameters of the elements are defined in accordance with given mathematical expressions. |
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Method for amplitude-modulation and demodulation of high-frequency signals involves connecting a modulation and demodulation device between a high-frequency signal source and a low-frequency load, and consists of a matching four-terminal element with at least three two-terminal elements, a three-terminal nonlinear element, a high-frequency load and a low-pass filter; in demodulation mode, using a three-terminal nonlinear element, the spectrum of amplitude-modulated signals is decomposed, their amplitude modulation coefficient is corrected and the low-frequency information signal is selected using a low-pass filter. The apparatus includes said elements for realising the method, wherein the matching four-terminal element is made from reactive two-terminal elements, parameter values of elements of which are determined using given relationships. |
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Phase-modulated or frequency-modulated signal is transmitted to a demodulator which is made from a four-terminal element, a nonlinear element, an integrating circuit - low-pass filter, a separating capacitor and a low-frequency load; input signals are further amplitude-modulated by transmitting said signals to the left-side slope of the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the demodulator; the nonlinear element is used to decompose the spectrum of said signals; the low-frequency component is transmitted to the integrating circuit - low-pass filter; the low-pass filter is used to select the information low-frequency signal. The four-terminal element is complex and is made from reactive and resistive elements; the nonlinear element is connected in a longitudinal circuit and relationships between elements of the resistance matrix of the complex four-terminal element and frequency are selected in accordance with given mathematical expressions. |
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Input signal is transmitted to a demodulator made from a four-terminal nonlinear element, a low-pass filter, a separating capacitor and a low-frequency load; the signal is transmitted to the left slope of the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the demodulator; the nonlinear element is connected in a transverse circuit between the source of the input signal and the input of the four-terminal element. The relationships between elements of the array of resistances of the complex four-terminal element and frequency are selected in accordance with given mathematical expressions. The apparatus has a source of input signals, a four-terminal element, a two-electrode nonlinear element, a low-pass filter, a separating capacitor, a low-frequency load, wherein the four-terminal element is complex and is in form of an overlapped T-shaped connection of four complex two-terminal elements, and values of parameters of the fourth among them are determined in accordance with given mathematical expressions. |
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Method of demodulating and filtering phase-modulated signals and apparatus for realising said method Apparatus for demodulating and filtering phase-modulated signals, which is connected between a source of phase-modulated signals and a low-frequency load in form of an integrating circuit, consists of a four-terminal device, a two-terminal nonlinear element, a low-pass filter and a separating capacitor, wherein a high-frequency load is connected in a transverse circuit before the low-pass filter; the two-terminal nonlinear element is connected between the four-terminal device and the high-frequency load in a longitudinal circuit. |
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Method to demodulate signals of relative phase modulation and device for its realisation Method to demodulate signals of relative modulation consists in generation of a sequence of rectangular pulses Sn(t) from a filtered demodulated signal S(t), in generation of two reference sequences of rectangular pulses cn(t) and sn(t), corresponding to the sign of instantaneous values of in-phase cos(2πf0t) and quadrature sin(2πf0t) signals with frequency f0, equal to the average frequency of the demodulated signal, in production of a generated sequence of rectangular pulses Sn(t) with specified reference sequences of rectangular pulses cn(t) and sn(t), accordingly, on duration T of each element of the demodulated signal S(t) of two correlation functions Y(t), X(t), in taking counts Yn, Xn of the specified correlation functions, in using them for production of the phase "Ф"n estimate on this n element of the signal S(t) with usage of the specified mathematical expression, in calculation of the absolute value of difference of phase |"Ф"n-"Ф"n-1| estimates. |
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Method to demodulate phase-modulated and frequency-modulated signals and device for its realisation Input signal is sent to a demodulator, made of a quadripole, a non-linear element, an integrating low pass chain-filter, a separating tank and a low-frequency load, additional amplitude modulation of input signals is carried out by means of supply of these signals to the left slope of the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the demodulator, with the help of a non-linear element the spectrum of received signals is broken into high-frequency and low-frequency components, the low-frequency component is sent to the integrating low pass chain-filter, with the help of which an information low-frequency signal is separated. At the same time the quadripole is made as complex from reactive and resistive elements, and dependences of elements in the matrix of resistances of the complex quadripole on frequency are defined with the help of the specified mathematical expressions. |
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Device for realisation of the method for coherent detection of signals with absolute phase-shift keying (PSK) by 180° comprises a multiplier of an input signal with absolute phase-shift keying (PSK) by 180°, a low pass filter (LPF), a reference oscillation shaper (ROS), a digital signal (DS) regenerator of a phase-shift modulator by 180°, a standard frequency detector, a phase inverter, an RS-trigger. |
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Indicator of microwave radiation field Indicator comprises vibrators of identical length, equal to half of microwave radiation wave length λ, arranged in one plane along the common longitudinal axis of symmetry serially one after another; inverted tunnel diodes connected to each other also serially and unipolarly in points being in centres of vibrators; and a DC metre (an analogue microamperemeter or a digital millivoltmeter), which with its "minus" is connected to an inner output of the first vibrator, and with its "plus" - with an inner output of the last vibrator, at the same time, if the total number of diodes N is odd, then the number of vibrators is equal to N+1, and if N is even, the number of vibrators is equal to N+2. |
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In order to realise said method, the apparatus for frequency modulation and demodulation of high-frequency signals has a reactive four-terminal linear element, a three-terminal nonlinear element, a low-frequency control signal source, a low-pass filter, a high-frequency signal source, a high-frequency load, a separation capacitor and a low-frequency load, wherein the reactive four-terminal linear element is in form of an overlapped T-shaped connection of four reactive two-terminal elements, parameters of which are selected from conditions of given relationships. |
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Apparatus for frequency modulation and demodulation of high-frequency signals has a reactive four-terminal linear element, a two-electrode nonlinear element in form of an active nonlinear element with negative differential resistance, a low-frequency control signal source, a low-pass filter, a high-frequency signal source, a high-frequency load and a low-frequency load, wherein the reactive four-terminal linear element is in form of a T-shaped connection of reactive two-terminal elements whose parameters are selected from conditions of given relationships. |
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Pulsed frequency-phase detector Circuit of a pulsed frequency-phase detector includes first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth memory elements, first and second logic elements, and the transition of the phase-locked-loop frequency control circuit from a frequency control state to a waiting state takes place without a phase control state, i.e. without inertia of maintaining corrective action. |
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Method of demodulating phase-modulated signals and apparatus for realising said method Method of demodulating phase-modulated signals is characterised by that a phase-modulated signal is transmitted to a demodulator having a linear four-terminal network, a three-electrode nonlinear element, a high-frequency load, having reactive two-terminal networks in form of parallel oscillatory circuits, a low-pass filter and a low-frequency load, wherein the phase-modulated signal is converted to an amplitude-phase-modulated signal by transmitting said signal to the right or left side slope of the amplitude-frequency curve of the high-frequency part of the demodulator in a given frequency band; values of parameters of elements of the reactive two-terminal networks, inductors and capacitors are determined using mathematical expressions given in the claim. |
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Method of demodulating phase-modulated signals and apparatus for realising said method Method of demodulating phase-modulated signals is characterised by that a phase-modulated signal is transmitted to a demodulator having a linear four-terminal network, a three-electrode nonlinear element, a high-frequency load, having reactive two-terminal networks in form of parallel oscillatory circuits, a low-pass filter and a low-frequency load, wherein the phase-modulated signal is converted to an amplitude-phase-modulated signal by transmitting said signal to the right or left side slope of the amplitude-frequency curve of the high-frequency part of the demodulator in a given frequency band; values of parameters of elements of the reactive two-terminal networks, inductors and capacitors are determined using mathematical expressions given in the claim. |
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Method of demodulating and filtering phase-modulated signals and apparatus for realising said method Method of demodulating and filtering phase-modulated signals is characterised by that a phase-modulated signal is transmitted to a demodulator having a four-terminal network, a two-terminal nonlinear element, a high-frequency load, the four-terminal network being made from an inverted L-shaped connection of two two-terminal networks, each formed from two parallel oscillatory circuits, a low-pass filter and a low-frequency load, wherein the phase-modulated signal is converted to an amplitude-phase-modulated signal by transmitting said signal to the right or left side slope of the amplitude-frequency curve of the high-frequency part of the demodulator in a given frequency band; values of parameters of elements of the four-terminal network are determined using mathematical expressions given in the claim. |
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Method of demodulating and filtering phase-modulated signals and apparatus for realising said method Method of demodulating and filtering phase-modulated signals is characterised by that a phase-modulated signal is transmitted to a demodulator having a four-terminal network, a two-terminal nonlinear element, a high-frequency load, the four-terminal network being made from an inverted L-shaped connection of two two-terminal networks, each formed from two parallel oscillatory circuits, a low-pass filter and a low-frequency load, wherein the phase-modulated signal is converted to an amplitude-phase-modulated signal by transmitting said signal to the right or left side slope of the amplitude-frequency curve of the high-frequency part of the demodulator in a given frequency band; values of parameters of elements of the four-terminal network are determined using mathematical expressions given in the claim. |
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In demodulation mode, a high-frequency signal is converted to an amplitude-frequency-modulated signal by feeding the high-frequency signal to the left slope of the amplitude-frequency curve of the frequency modulation and demodulation device; a two-electrode nonlinear element is used to decompose the spectrum of amplitude-frequency-modulated signal into high-frequency and low-frequency components; a low-pass filter is used to isolate the low-frequency component; a separating capacitor is used to eliminate the constant component; a low-frequency information signal is transmitted to a low-frequency load; in modulation mode, the two-electrode nonlinear element is connected to a low-frequency information signal source; frequency of the high-frequency signal is varied with variation of the amplitude of the low-frequency information signal, wherein a high-frequency load is connected before the low-pass filter in a transverse circuit, and the two-electrode nonlinear element is connected between a four-terminal device and the high-frequency load connected in a transverse circuit. |
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Method for frequency modulation and demodulation of high-frequency signals involves interaction of high-frequency and low-frequency signals in a device for frequency modulation and demodulation of signals, which is made from a reactive four-terminal circuit, a two-electrode nonlinear element, a high-frequency load, a low-pass filter, a separating capacitor and a low-frequency load, wherein the required frequency characteristics of parameters of the reactive four-terminal circuit are determined by given mathematical expressions. |
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Method for detecting signals at expected uncertainty of their parameters Method for detecting signals at expected uncertainty of their parameters involves receiving, filtering, detection, integration and comparison to threshold level. Before integration there performed is the transformation of group signal with the help of the first mixer mixing it with heterodyne signal, filtering and amplification of group signal of intermediate frequency, intermediate frequency group signal is transformed by mixing with group amplified signal after preliminary filtering and amplification, with the help of the second mixer the resulting group signal undergoes narrow-band filtering, is detected by amplitude and supplied to integrator input. |
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Device for selection and conversion of frequency of modulated radio signals Device consists of double-wire line (DWL) (1), to the input of which a modulated radio signal Uc(ωr,Ωc) is supplied, as well as double-wire line (DWL) (2), to the input of which a signal is supplied from generator of modulated vibrations Ur(ωr,Ωr), the load-carrying frequency of which coincides with the carrier frequency of modulated radio signal (ωr=ωc), and modulation frequency Ωr is higher than modulation frequency Ωc of radio signal. DWL (1), DWL (2) are loaded separately for resistance R equal to wave resistance of the line, and oriented towards each other in the direction of waves running to them. Between wires of DWL (1), DWL (2) and parallel to them there arranged is wire (W) (3) that is connected to band-pass filter (BPF) (4) tuned for modulation frequency Ωr of generator vibrations. At that, length of DWL (1), DWL (2) and length of W (3) have been chosen not less than one tenth of the wave length of the modulated radio signal. |
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Microwave mixer comprises a coaxial-waveguide T-bend in the form of a section of a rectangular waveguide, a coaxial line of transfer - output of converted frequency, an insulating substrate, on one side of which there is a metallised coating, and on the other one - an integrated circuit with an active element, a low frequency filter, at the same time the insulating substrate is arranged along the waveguide, in the middle and perpendicular to its wide wall, the insulating substrate is arranged from a semiconductor material of type AIIIBv, the metallised coating of the insulating substrate is arranged locally, the non-metallised part of the insulating substrate is arranged in the form of smooth transitions at the opposite ends of the insulating substrate, on the other side of the insulating substrate at both of its opposite sides there are additionally arranged L-shaped metal conductors, and the integrated circuit with an active element, a low frequency filter and L-shaped metal conductors are arranged in the form of a solid integrated circuit, the active element of the solid integrated circuit is made in the form of a field transistor with a Schottky barrier. |
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Method of signal demodulation with relative phase demodulation Signal is received, filtered and its amplitude is balanced, a reference signal is generated, and its correlation function is calculated with a received signal. Then the correlation function is integrated in series, and its value is fixed. A module of difference between values of correlation functions is calculated at different time intervals, and it is compared with a corrected threshold value, which is calculated by algebraic summation of a preset threshold value and a calculated deviation determined by the value of "one" or "zero" at the outlet of the demodulator. The threshold value is corrected at each stage of decision making depending on the ratio of "ones" and "zeros" in a demodulated signal. |
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In a frequency-phase comparator two AND circuits, an OR circuit, a delay element, two monostable flip-flops and two triggers are introduced. Introduced elements make it possible to produce signals corresponding to passage of two pulses of one of comparable frequencies between two pulses of the other one of the compared frequencies, to eliminate dependence of comparator operation on duration of source pulses, a controlled and reference frequency. |
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Compared to existing methods for measurement of a signal phase based on comparison of a received signal phase with a reference oscillation phase, in the proposed method assessment of the absolute value of the harmonic oscillation argument cos(ωt+φ) is carried out, i.e. the value θ0=ωT0+φ, where ω - circular frequency of the harmonic oscillation; T0 - moment of time t=T0. The basis of the method is to receive quotients from division of separately sums and differences of memorised discrete counts of signal quadrature components prior to the moment T0 with subsequent counts following the moment T0 and symmetrically arranged relative to T0, memorised or current. After calculation of median values of quotients, which is a distinctive criterion from the single method of instantaneous phase assessment, the value of sought phase tangents is received separately for ratios of sums and differences. After reverse trigonometric conversion of tangents, values of their arguments are received, which are identified as two independent estimates of the sought phase. |
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Method for demodulation of signals with relative phase demodulation Signal is received and filtered; its amplitude is levelled against the preset level; Fourier window transformation matrix is shaped; for each value of coordinate on the time axis of the matrix shaped one determines the coordinate value on the frequency axis whereat the matrix in question every time possesses the maximum magnitude; from the matrix elements corresponding to the discovered frequency coordinate a vector of the signal being modulated is shaped for all coordinates on the time axis with such vector mean value calculated and assumed as the threshold magnitude; "1" or "0" value is assigned to the assumed information element following the results of mutual comparison of each value of the vector of the signal being modulated and the threshold magnitude; the duration of the least interval within the bounds whereof the vector of the signal being modulated has exceeded the threshold magnitude is selected as the demodulated symbol duration. |
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Differential phase-shift keyed signal demodulator Signal autocorrelation function is generated, integrated and compared with a threshold value, which is generated depending on presence of a demodulated logic '1' or '0' signal on the previous cycle, for which a generating unit connected to the output of a resolver is further used, said generating unit consisting of a threshold former, a switch, a threshold corrector and a constant switch. |
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Analog mixer of two signals comprises input transistors from the first to the fourth, a "voltage-current" converter, the first and second dipoles of collector load, the first and second output transistors, the first and second sources of reference current, the first and second feedback resistors. |
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In demodulation mode, the spectra of amplitude-modulate signals are decomposed using a nonlinear element; their amplitude modulation coefficient is corrected; a low-pass filter is used to select the low-frequency information signal whose amplitude varies according the high-frequency signal amplitude variation law; a four-terminal circuit is made from not less than three reactive impedors. In modulation mode, the amplitude of the high-frequency signal is varied according to the control signal amplitude variation law; the resistance values of the two-terminal circuits are selected based on the condition for simultaneously ensuring given ratios of moduli of transfer constants the high-frequency part of the modulation and demodulation device in two states of the nonlinear element, determined by two amplitude values of the control signal at the given number of frequencies. In demodulation mode, the control signal used is the envelope of the input amplitude-modulated signal; two-terminal circuits are made from a number of reactive components not less than the number of given frequencies; values of the parameters of the elements are determined based on the condition of realising the selected resistance values of the two-terminal circuits at the given number of frequencies. |
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Broadband unit to suppress mirror channel Broadband unit to suppress a mirror channel comprises the first 1 and the second 2 digital orthogonal filter with a final pulse characteristic, a summator 3 and a solving device 4. A cophased input signal is supplied to the first input of the first digital orthogonal filter 1, the second input of which is connected to the first output of the solving device 4. The second output of the solving device 4 is connected to the second input of the second digital orthogonal filter 2. A quadrature input signal is supplied to the first input of the second digital orthogonal filter 2, the output of which is connected to the second input of the summator 3. The first input of the summator 3 is connected to the output of the first digital orthogonal filter 1. A signal of a working channel is taken from the output of the summator 3. |
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Multichannel adaptive radio-receiving device Device comprises a unit of weighted addition, an antenna array, a unit to generate weight coefficients, a unit to fix weight coefficients, a unit to estimate spatial parameters with the first and second input mount buses, and a unit of time-frequency processing. |
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Correction of shift for passive mixers Measurements of a intermodulation component (IM2) of the second order are carried out, using various values of the first control shift signal at the gate, and using one and the same value of the second control shift signal at the gate, the performed measurements are analysed, and the value of the first control shift signal at the gate is identified. Then IM2 measurements are carried out, using various values of the second control shift signal at the gate, and using the value of the first control shift signal at the gate identified at the previous stage, the performed measurements are analysed, and the value of the second control shift signal at the gate is identified. |
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Method is based on generation of spectra of reference and tuned generators of the phase-locked loop frequency control system, analysis of spectral components. The device to determine working parameters of phase-locked loop generator frequency control comprises a reference generator of high frequency-stable oscillation, a phase detector, a DC amplifier, a low pass filter, a tuned generator, two spectrum analysers, a unit to determine phase detector characteristics and a recorder. |
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Terahertz emission converter (versions) Invention is related to converter of terahertz radiation into infrared radiation (which can be registered by available infrared receivers) having high sensitivity threshold to terahertz radiation, high spatial resolution, sensitivity to radiation polarisation, small response time. Converter is made as ultrathin (at least 50 times less than wave length of terahertz radiation) multilayer structure based on dielectric layer. Metallised layout forming frequency-selective surface (FSS) is located from side of terahertz radiation. On the other side of dielectric layer there is continuous layer with metal conductivity; on top of it there is a thin layer of material having high radiation efficiency in infrared range (greyness coefficient is close to one). There is another version for converter when on the other side of dielectric layer for terahertz radiation resonance absorber the second dielectric layer is applied on top of the layer with metal conductivity; metallised layout is formed at the second dielectric layer thus forming the second frequency-selective surface. |
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Analogue signal mixer (ASM) is a basic angle of contemporary systems of receipt and processing of signals of HF and SHF ranges. The analogue signal mixer comprises from the first to the fourth input transistors, the first and second additional resistors, a voltage to current converter, the first and second dipoles of a collector load. |
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Mixer of analogue signals comprises from the first to the fourth input transistors of the channel "X", the first and second transistors of the channel "Y", the first and second dipoles of a collector load, a scaling resistor, the first and second stabilising dipoles, the first and second correcting condensers. |
Another patent 2513307.