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Stable current source includes in-series connected filter, transformer with an interrupting transformer connected to primary winding and a rectifying diode in secondary winding, after which a low-pass filter with a measuring shunt in an output current circuit is installed, the measurement outputs of which are connected to a voltage-to-frequency converter, the output frequency of which is supplied through a galvanic isolation element to the input of a frequency-pulse modulator controlling the switch frequency of the interrupting transistor. |
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Voltage-controlled generator comprises two field-effect transistors, five inductance coils, seven capacitors, a conducting bias circuit, an automatic cutoff bias circuit, a control circuit and an external load. |
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Multi-carrier wireless communication device and method Invention relates to communication and can be used in data transmission in a wireless communication network. Disclosed is a global system for mobile communications (GSM) which supports a multi-carrier operating mode on a downlink and/or uplink for a mobile station; the mobile station receives a multiple carrier assignment for a first link in the GSM network, receives the an assignment of at least one carrier for a second link in the GSM network and exchanges data with the GSM network through the multiple carriers for the first link and at least through one carrier for the second link; the first link can be a downlink and the second link can be an uplink or vice-versa; the mobile station can receive data on multiple carriers simultaneously for the multi-carrier operating mode on a downlink; the mobile station can transmit data at multiple carriers simultaneously for the multi-carrier operating mode on an uplink. |
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Signal former includes a signal distributor (5), first, second, third and fourth frequency synthesisers (1, 6, 10, 11), a reference generator (3), first, second, third, fourth, fifth modulators (9, 12, 13, 14, 15), a frequency multiplier (7), first, second, third switching devices (16, 17, 18), a frequency divider (4), a digital computer synthesiser (2), a frequency generator (8), first (20), second (21), third (22), fourth (23) and fifth (24) filter units and an attenuator (19). |
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Apparatus for generation and frequency modulation of high-frequency signals consists of a source of dc voltage and a low-frequency control signal, a three-terminal nonlinear element, a forward transmission circuit, a feedback circuit and a load, wherein the forward transmission circuit consists of a three-terminal nonlinear element; the feedback circuit used is an external feedback in form of an arbitrary four-terminal element connected to the three-terminal nonlinear element on a series-parallel circuit; the three-terminal nonlinear element is connected by the output electrode and common electrode to the load, which is in form of a first two-terminal element with complex resistance; the control electrode and the common electrode of the three-terminal nonlinear element is connected to a second two-terminal element with complex resistance; the imaginary component of the load resistance and the imaginary component of the resistance of the source of the input high-frequency signal of the generator and the frequency modulator in gain mode are composed of two series-connected parallel circuits with parameters. |
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Excitation frequency and modulated signal frequency are different: modulation is carried out at doubled frequency in respect to excitation frequency. The device uses a complementary pair of MOS-transistors (CMOS-pair), connected in accordance with the parallel circuit and excited by sign-variable rectangular pulses of current with duration π/2, at the same time at the outlet of the modulator there is a high-pass RC-filter. |
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Device for detecting initial phase modulation of periodic sequence pulses Device for detecting initial phase modulation of pulses comprises two processing channels, each having series-connected multiplier, the first input of which is the input of the device, and an integrator, as well as a comparator connected to outputs of integrators of each channel, the device being characterised by that it includes a delay line which is connected between the input of the device and the second input of the multiplier of the first channel; the delay time in the delay line is equal to the pulse repetition period of the input sequence, wherein a cross-correlation function of input sequence pulses is formed in the first channel and an autocorrelation function of input sequence pulses is formed in the second channel, and there is initial phase modulation of the input sequence pulses if the inequality Uout.1<U out.2 holds for any two pulses of the sequence, where Uout.1 and U out.2 are output signals of integrators of the first and second channels, respectively. |
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High-frequency signal is transmitted to a modulator made from a resistive four-terminal element, a controlled two-electrode nonlinear element, a low-frequency control signal source and a load; the amplitude and phase of the high-frequency signal are varied by varying the amplitude of the low-frequency control signal on the nonlinear element. In a given frequency band, selection of frequency characteristics of imaginary components of resistance of the load and the high-frequency signal source is carried out in accordance with given mathematical expressions which are executed in the apparatus using reactive two-terminal elements in form of two series-oscillatory circuits connected in parallel. |
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High-frequency signal is transmitted to a modulator made from a resistive four-terminal element, a controlled two-electrode nonlinear element, a low-frequency control signal source and a load; the amplitude and phase of the high-frequency signal are varied by varying the amplitude of the low-frequency control signal on the nonlinear element. In a given frequency band, selection of frequency characteristics of imaginary components of resistance of the load and the high-frequency signal source is carried out in accordance with given mathematical expressions which are executed in the apparatus using reactive two-terminal elements in form of two series-oscillatory circuits connected in parallel. |
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High-frequency signal is transmitted to a modulator made from a resistive four-terminal element, a controlled two-electrode nonlinear element, a low-frequency control signal source and a load; the amplitude and phase of the high-frequency signal are varied by varying the amplitude of the low-frequency control signal on the nonlinear element. In a given frequency band, selection of frequency characteristics of imaginary components of resistance of the load and the high-frequency signal source is carried out in accordance with given mathematical expressions which are executed in the apparatus using reactive two-terminal elements in form of two series-oscillatory circuits connected in parallel. |
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Apparatus for amplitude-phase modulation of a high-frequency signal consists of a linear four-terminal element, a two-electrode nonlinear element, a low-frequency control signal source and a load, the apparatus being characterised by that the four-terminal element is made in form of a flat-topped connection of four resistive two-terminal elements, the nonlinear element is connected into a transverse circuit between the output of a high-frequency signal source and the input of the four-terminal element, and the load is connected to the output of the four-terminal element. |
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Apparatus for amplitude-phase modulation of a high-frequency signal consists of a linear four-terminal element, a nonlinear element, a low-frequency control signal source and a load, the apparatus being characterised by that the four-terminal element is in form of cascade-connected L-shaped links of four resistive two-terminal elements; the nonlinear element used is a three-electrode nonlinear element which is connected between the output of a high-frequency signal source and the input of the four-terminal element on a scheme with a common one of three electrodes; the output of the four-terminal element is connected to a high-frequency load. |
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Methods and apparatus for increasing angle modulation index First method of increasing angle modulation index is meant for increasing modulation index values in output frequency-modulated signals at the first harmonic of carrier frequency and is characterised by that it includes generating quadrature oscillation with respect to carrier frequency oscillation, generating cosine and sine components of the modulating voltage, performing in-phase and quadrature multiplication of high-frequency and low-frequency and first linear summation of results of first multiplications, obtaining a first frequency-modulated oscillation with a given modulation index value, further generating quadrature oscillation with respect to the first frequency-modulated oscillation, performing second similar pairwise multiplication and second linear algebraic summation of results of second multiplications. |
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Modulation and demodulation apparatus is connected between a source of high-frequency signals and a low-frequency load and is made from cascade-connected matching four-terminal element with at least three two-terminal elements, a three-terminal nonlinear element, a high-frequency load and a low-pass filter; in demodulation mode, the nonlinear element decomposes the spectrum of the amplitude-modulated signals; their amplitude-modulation factor is corrected; the low-pass filter selects the information-bearing low-frequency signal; in modulation mode, resistance values of the two-terminal elements are selected based on the condition of simultaneously providing given ratios of moduli of transfer constants in two states of the nonlinear element. |
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Multifunctional apparatus which realises the method has a complex two-terminal element, a dc voltage source, a two-terminal nonlinear element with a negative differential resistance, a reactive four-terminal element, a load and a low-frequency control signal source, wherein the reactive four-terminal element is in form of a T-connection of three two-terminal elements which are in form of two series-connected parallel loops; values of parameters of the elements are defined in accordance with given mathematical expressions. |
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Multifunctional apparatus which realises the method has a complex two-terminal element, a dc voltage source, a two-terminal nonlinear element with a negative differential resistance, a reactive four-terminal element, a load and a low-frequency control signal source, wherein the reactive four-terminal element is in form of a T-connection of three two-terminal elements which are in form of two series-connected parallel loops; values of parameters of the elements are defined in accordance with given mathematical expressions. |
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Method for amplitude, phase and frequency modulation of a high-frequency signal is based on interaction of a high-frequency signal and a low-frequency signal with a multifunctional apparatus for amplitude, phase and frequency modulation of a high-frequency signal, made from a three-terminal nonlinear element, a matching four-terminal element, a complex two-terminal element, a low-frequency control signal source, a high-frequency signal source and a load. The multifunctional apparatus has components given above to enable execution of said procedures, wherein parameters of elements of the matching four-terminal element are selected to be optimum in accordance with given mathematical expressions. |
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Method for amplitude, phase and frequency modulation of a high-frequency signal is based on interaction of a high-frequency signal and a low-frequency signal with a multifunctional apparatus made from a two-terminal nonlinear element, a reactive four-terminal element, a complex two-terminal element and a load, wherein optimum frequency characteristics of parameters of the reactive four-terminal element are selected in accordance with given mathematical expressions. The multifunctional apparatus for amplitude, phase and frequency modulation of a high-frequency signal has a dc voltage source, a two-terminal nonlinear element with a negative differential resistance, a reactive four-terminal element, a complex two-terminal element, a load and a low-frequency control signal source. |
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Method for amplitude, phase and frequency modulation of a high-frequency signal is based on interaction of a high-frequency signal and a low-frequency signal with a multifunctional apparatus made from a three-terminal nonlinear element, a complex two-terminal element, a matching four-terminal element and a load, wherein in frequency modulation mode, energy of the dc voltage source is converted to energy of a high-frequency signal; amplitude and phase of the high-frequency signal are changed under the action of a low-frequency control signal, wherein frequency characteristics of parameters of the four-terminal element are selected in accordance with given mathematical expressions. The multifunctional apparatus has a dc voltage source, a three-terminal nonlinear element, a reactive four-terminal element, a complex two-terminal element, a low-frequency control signal source and a load. |
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Contact electric current modulator Device contains two vibration converters, an AC generator and a matching transformer. Modulation in the device occurs at doubled frequency. |
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Method for amplitude-modulation and demodulation of high-frequency signals involves connecting a modulation and demodulation device between a high-frequency signal source and a low-frequency load, and consists of a matching four-terminal element with at least three two-terminal elements, a three-terminal nonlinear element, a high-frequency load and a low-pass filter; in demodulation mode, using a three-terminal nonlinear element, the spectrum of amplitude-modulated signals is decomposed, their amplitude modulation coefficient is corrected and the low-frequency information signal is selected using a low-pass filter. The apparatus includes said elements for realising the method, wherein the matching four-terminal element is made from reactive two-terminal elements, parameter values of elements of which are determined using given relationships. |
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Single-band modulator has a high-frequency signal power divider, a power adder, a π/2 phase changer, two phase-shift modulators (0 ÷ π) on switched channels, wherein opposite-pole modulating pulses, whose phase is shifted by π/2, are transmitted to the second and third inputs of the single-band modulator. |
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Apparatus for controlling amplitude of high-power periodic signals Apparatus comprises a first electric filter, a second electric filter, a bipolar transistor, a resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, an inductance coil whose second lead is connected to the control signal input. |
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Electronic phase changer has a synchronisation loop, having a reference 1 generator and a driving 1a generator, a phase detector 4, a control device 5, first and second directional couplers 2 and a reference load 3, a tuned generator 16, a second phase detector 4a, a second control device 5a, a phase generator 6 and third and fourth directional couplers 2, which form a phasing loop together with the driving generator; outputs of the driving 1a generator and tuned generator 16 are connected through directional couplers 2 to corresponding inputs of an antenna radiator. |
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Method for generation and frequency-modulation of a high-frequency signal is based on converting energy of a dc voltage source to energy of a high-frequency signal; interaction of the high-frequency signal with a forward transmission circuit, a three-terminal nonlinear element, a feedback circuit and a load; meeting excitation conditions in form of an amplitude balance and phase balance, which respectively determine the amplitude and frequency of the generated high-frequency signal, and conditions for matching the three-terminal nonlinear element with the load; varying frequency of the generated high-frequency signal according to the law of variation of the amplitude of the low-frequency control signal through corresponding variation of the phase balance. The forward transmission circuit is made from a three-terminal nonlinear element; the feedback circuit used is external feedback in form of an arbitrary four-terminal device connected in parallel to the three-terminal nonlinear element. |
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Method of generating high-frequency signals and apparatus for realising said method Forward transmission circuit is made from a three-terminal nonlinear element. The external feedback circuit used is an arbitrary four-terminal device which is connected to the three-terminal nonlinear element on a series-parallel scheme; the load is in form of a first two-terminal device with complex impedance; the control electrode of the three-terminal nonlinear element is connected in crosswise circuit to a second two-terminal device with complex impedance which imitates the resistance of the generator signal source in amplification mode. |
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Forward transmission circuit is made from a three-terminal nonlinear element; the feedback circuit used is the internal feedback of the three-terminal nonlinear element formed by interelectrode connections thereof; frequency of the generated signal is varied by varying the amplitude of the control signal on the three-terminal nonlinear element. |
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Method of generating high-frequency signals and apparatus for realising said method Active two-terminal nonlinear element is connected in parallel to a load, made in form of a first two-terminal element with complex impedance, on the other side of the active two-terminal nonlinear element, a second two-terminal element with complex impedance is connected, said complex impedance imitating resistance of a generator signal source in amplification mode; excitation conditions in form of amplitude balance and phase balance and matching conditions are simultaneously satisfied on the given number of frequencies by selecting values of imaginary components of resistance of the first Xnm and second X0m of the two-terminal elements based on the condition of providing a stationary generation mode in form of the quotient of the transfer constant in amplification mode being equal to zero at all given frequencies of the generated high-frequency signals for unknown amplitude of the dc voltage source. |
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Method to generate coherent modulated signals and device for its realisation Method to generate coherent modulated signals consists in the fact that an output signal from a reference generator is sent to microchips: direct digital synthesisers of frequency (DDS) and programmable logical integral circuits (PLIC), at the same time PLIC in software sets all DDS for the specified frequency, amplitude and initial phase, and output oscillations are synchronised from the master DDS. |
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In demodulation mode, a high-frequency signal is converted to an amplitude-frequency-modulated signal by feeding the high-frequency signal to the left slope of the amplitude-frequency curve of the frequency modulation and demodulation device; a two-electrode nonlinear element is used to decompose the spectrum of amplitude-frequency-modulated signal into high-frequency and low-frequency components; a low-pass filter is used to isolate the low-frequency component; a separating capacitor is used to eliminate the constant component; a low-frequency information signal is transmitted to a low-frequency load; in modulation mode, the two-electrode nonlinear element is connected to a low-frequency information signal source; frequency of the high-frequency signal is varied with variation of the amplitude of the low-frequency information signal, wherein a high-frequency load is connected before the low-pass filter in a transverse circuit, and the two-electrode nonlinear element is connected between a four-terminal device and the high-frequency load connected in a transverse circuit. |
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Method for frequency modulation and demodulation of high-frequency signals involves interaction of high-frequency and low-frequency signals in a device for frequency modulation and demodulation of signals, which is made from a reactive four-terminal circuit, a two-electrode nonlinear element, a high-frequency load, a low-pass filter, a separating capacitor and a low-frequency load, wherein the required frequency characteristics of parameters of the reactive four-terminal circuit are determined by given mathematical expressions. |
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Method for amplitude and phase modulation, frequency and amplitude demodulation of high-frequency signals involves interaction of high-frequency and low-frequency signals in a multifunctional device for amplitude and phase modulation, frequency and amplitude demodulation of high-frequency signals, which is made from a reactive four-terminal circuit, a two-electrode nonlinear element, a high-frequency load, a low-pass filter, a separating capacitor, a low-frequency load, wherein the required frequency characteristics of parameters of the reactive four-terminal circuit are determined by given mathematical expressions. |
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Method is realised via operations of generating phase-modulated signals with variable frequency according to the law of variation of the amplitude of the low-frequency control information signal and demodulation of phase-modulated signals without using a reference oscillation generator with conversion of the phase modulated signals to an amplitude-phase-modulated signal using the high-frequency part of the demodulator with a given slope ratio of the amplitude-frequency curve at given phase deviation of the phase-modulated signals in modulation mode and given amplitude modulation coefficient of the amplitude-phase-modulated signal in demodulation mode on a high-frequency load using one device. The apparatus for phase modulation and demodulation of high-frequency signals has a high-frequency signal source, a low-frequency load, a converter for converting phase-modulated signals to an amplitude-phase-modulated signal in form of a linear reactive four-terminal network, a two-electrode nonlinear element, a high-frequency load, a low-pass filter and a dividing capacitor. |
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Method for combined filtering and differential pulse-code modulation/demodulation of signals Error signal is generated as a result of averaging on each time interval the difference between an input signal and an extrapolated estimate of the information signal; error signals are quantised, encoded and restored after transmission thereof in a channel; for each time interval on the specified estimate of the information process, which corresponds to the beginning of said interval, an extrapolated estimate of the information process is generated, which varies in accordance with a law defined by the matriciant of that process; the extrapolated estimate of the information signal, which is a first component of the extrapolated estimate of the information process, is subtracted from the input signal; error signals are used for specification at the end of each time interval of the extrapolated estimate of the information process; at the receiving side for each time interval based on the specified estimate of the restored information process, which corresponds to the beginning of that interval, an extrapolated estimate of the restored information process is generated. |
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Configuration of circuit to generate signal modulated along pulse width, to excite electric loads Configuration of a circuit for excitation, modulated along pulse width, a load (L) connected to a voltage supply line (SL), comprising the following: a device (LS) to control/switch voltage connected between the supply line (SL) and the load (L), which may be controlled on a conducting condition according to the predetermined fill ratio; a capacitance filter (C), placed below the device (LS) to control/switch voltage, in parallel to the load (L), and a controlled receiver (S) of current, connected to the capacitance filter (C), and capable of acting as the receiver of current created by an energy discharge, accumulated with the capacitance filter (C), which is switched into active condition, when the device (LS) to control/switch voltage does not conduct current, and switches into an inactive condition, when the device (LS) to control/switch voltage conducts current. |
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Method of measuring time of arrival of signal and apparatus for realising said method Method of measuring the time of arrival of a four-position quadrature phase-shift keyed signal with a π/4 shift is characterised by that the signal is received, analogue-to-digital conversion of two signals is carried out using fast Fourier transform (FFT), spectrum values of one of the signals are multiplied with complex-conjugate spectrum values of the other signal, a discrete cross-correlation function (DCCF) of the signal is calculated using inverse FFT, a plurality of in-phase and quadrature readings are obtained and filtered with a cut-off frequency which corresponds to half the rate of the initial bit message, modulo 2π subtraction of the corresponding value of the delayed current signal phase from each obtained current phase is carried out, and the time of arrival of the signal is determined as an argument of the maximum of the DCCF of the signal by further correlation processing. The apparatus has units for implementing the method. |
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Method of measuring time of arrival of signal and apparatus for realising said method Method of measuring the time of arrival of an M-position quadrature amplitude modulated signal is characterised by that the signal is received, analogue-to-digital conversion of two signals is carried out using fast Fourier transform (FFT), spectrum values of one of the signals are multiplied with complex-conjugate spectrum values of the other signal, a discrete cross-correlation function (DCCF) of the signal is calculated using inverse FFT, a plurality of in-phase and quadrature readings are obtained and filtered with a cut-off frequency which corresponds to the keying speed of the modulating signal divided by n, a plurality of current signal phases are obtained, modulo 2π subtraction of the corresponding value of the delayed current signal phase from each obtained current phase is carried out, and the time of arrival of the signal is determined as an argument of the maximum of the DCCF of the signal by further correlation processing. The apparatus has units for realising operations of the method. |
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Method of maintaining coherence of modulated radio signals Method of maintaining coherence of modulated signals is based on receiving, at a moving object, continuous or pulsed vibrations of a radiating radar station with speed selection; modulating the received vibrations and radiation thereof from spaced apart points of the object towards the service sector of the radar station, wherein the received vibrations are divided according to power; generating variable frequency voltage; phase-modulating the first divided vibration by the obtained voltage, wherein the vibration frequency is varied towards increase or reduction from the frequency of the received vibration to a value corresponding to the selected false Dopper frequency, after which the selected modulation frequency is kept constant; the modulated vibration is split into three components; the first and second components are phase-modulated; the third component is clarified with the modulated first and second components; the clarified vibrations are successively radiated with a meander frequency and additional relay channel is also formed. |
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Method to transfer digital information by signals with minimum frequency manipulation Method to transfer digital information by signals with minimum frequency modulation is characterised by the fact that prior to implementation of minimum frequency modulation of carrier frequency, codes of modulation sequences of cophased and quadrature channels are generated, for this purpose information sequence designed for transfer is analysed in order to define the sequence order of odd and even single bits of information, procedure of distribution of zero bits of information, which follow odd bits of units, even and odd clock intervals are defined in the information sequence, generated codes of modulation sequences are converted into a bipolar code, and the minimum frequency modulation is carried out in two stages, besides, at the first stage sine and cosine harmonic oscillations of carrier frequency are phase-manipulated, and the period of the frequency is equal to fourfold duration of a unit element of transmitted information sequence. |
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Method of digital quadrature generation of phase-manipulated radio signal with expanded spectrum Symbols from an arriving information sequence are combined pairwise, and every of which is multiplied by an expanding pseudo-random sequence, produced pair signals with expanded spectrum are multiplied by harmonic signals with frequency f, phase-shifted by 90 degrees around each other, and then summed up, at the same time produced pair signals with expanded spectrum prior to summation are multiplied by signals of meander type with period T=1/f , having a phase shift of 90 degrees relative to each other, and then summed. |
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Apparatus for controlling amplitude of powerful harmonic signals Apparatus for controlling amplitude of harmonic signals has a device input, a device input for the control signal, a device output, a first electrical filter, a second electrical filter, a bipolar transistor, a resistor, a device common conductor, as well as a first inductance coil, a capacitor whose first lead is connected to the input of the second electrical filter and the second lead is connected to the inductance coil. |
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Control device for powerful harmonic signals amplitude Control device for powerful harmonic signals amplitude includes two electric filters, bipolar transistor, resistor, inductive coil, condenser. |
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Differential phase-shift keyed signal demodulator Signal autocorrelation function is generated, integrated and compared with a threshold value which is specified depending on the number of demodulated logic '1' and '0' signals. To this end, a register of L memory elements which is connected to the output of a resolver is also used, said register being connected in series through a counter of unit elements in the cells of the register, a unit for calculating deviation of the correlation function and unit for correcting the voltage threshold level whose other input is connected to the output of a constant generator, to the resolver, to the second input of which the magnitude of the value of the signal autocorrelation function is applied. |
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Regional information communication system Invention may be used to send control and alarm signals from a control and management station to a large group of territorially distributed facilities, and also to collect information from the specified facilities for centralised management of technological processes of territorially distributed facilities (stationary and mobile ones, for instance, the ones supplying water resources to a megalopolis). Between the control and management station and territorially distributed facilities a duplex radio communication is established at two frequencies using complicated signals with a combined amplitude modulation and phase manipulation at one bearing frequency. |
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Modulator of power harmonic signals amplitude Modulator of power harmonic signals amplitude comprises electric filters, a modulator, bipolar transistors of an opposite conductivity type, an emitter, a collector, resistors, shift sources, a capacitor. |
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Method for amplitude modulation and demodulation of high-frequency signals involves connecting a modulation and demodulation device between a high-frequency signal source and a low-frequency load, said device being made from cascade-connected matching two-port network, two-electrode nonlinear element, high-frequency load and low-pass filter; the matching two-port network is made from reactive impedors, which are made from reactive components; values of parameters of the reactive components are determined based on the condition of the selected resistance values of one-port networks at the given number of frequencies. |
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Modulation and demodulation apparatus is made from a matching two-port network, a two-electrode nonlinear element, a high-frequency load and a low-pass filter; in demodulation mode, the nonlinear element is used to breakdown the spectrum of amplitude-modulated signals; their amplitude-modulation factor is corrected; the low-pass filter is used to select the information-bearing low-frequency signal whose amplitude varies according to the law of variation of the amplitude of the high-frequency signal; the two-port network is made from at least three reactive impedors, wherein the two-electrode nonlinear element is connected between the high-frequency signal source and the two-port network in a cross circuit; in modulation mode, the amplitude of the high-frequency signal is varied according to the law of variation of the amplitude of the control signal. |
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Microwave modulator on surface magnetostatic waves Microwave modulator includes extended structure on the basis of magnon crystal from ferrite film, microstrip converters for excitation and reception in ferrite film of surface magnetostatic waves, which are arranged on opposite ends of structure, constant magnetic field source, element for control of distribution parameters of magnetostatic waves. Magnon crystal is made on the basis of film from yttrium iron garnet with surface periodic structure in the form of parallel grooves the depth of which is 0.01-0.2 of film and which are arranged perpendicular to axis of extended structure. Element for control of distribution parameters of magnetostatic waves is arranged on the side of grooves and represents metallic shield movable in the direction perpendicular to plane of periodic structure and connected to piezoelectric actuator connected to electric generator of modulating signal. |
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In demodulation mode, the spectra of amplitude-modulate signals are decomposed using a nonlinear element; their amplitude modulation coefficient is corrected; a low-pass filter is used to select the low-frequency information signal whose amplitude varies according the high-frequency signal amplitude variation law; a four-terminal circuit is made from not less than three reactive impedors. In modulation mode, the amplitude of the high-frequency signal is varied according to the control signal amplitude variation law; the resistance values of the two-terminal circuits are selected based on the condition for simultaneously ensuring given ratios of moduli of transfer constants the high-frequency part of the modulation and demodulation device in two states of the nonlinear element, determined by two amplitude values of the control signal at the given number of frequencies. In demodulation mode, the control signal used is the envelope of the input amplitude-modulated signal; two-terminal circuits are made from a number of reactive components not less than the number of given frequencies; values of the parameters of the elements are determined based on the condition of realising the selected resistance values of the two-terminal circuits at the given number of frequencies. |
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In a semiconductor phase shifter (SPS) comprising a three-phased series transformer, the secondary windings of which are connected into an inset of phases of a high-voltage power transmission line, a three-phased shunt transformer, the primary windings of which are connected as star, the low-voltage bushings are grounded, the high-voltage bushings are connected to terminals of the inset of phases of the high-voltage power transmission line at the side of the SPS input. |
Another patent 2513677.