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Apparatus for laser trimming of resistors Invention relates to an apparatus for laser trimming of resistors, primarily made via thin-film or thick-film technology on polycor, glass-ceramic and ceramic substrates. The apparatus has a working table, a laser emitter (2) with optical and precision XY kinematic systems mounted on XY coordinate tables (5, 6) with Z-microlift probes (7, 8), a digital measuring system (9) with units (10, 11) for positioning and mounting probes on termination pads, a unit (12) for spot positioning and setting the zone and cutting path of the laser emitter. The units (10, 11) for positioning and mounting the probes are connected to a unit (13) for setting the movement zone of the probes. The precision XY kinematic system, controlled by the unit (12), facilitates positioning of the spot of the laser emitter and pre-trimming cutting. The substrate is placed and fixed on the working table. Each of the probes is moved to termination pads of the XY coordinate tables (5, 6), which are controlled by units (10, 11). Data from the probes are measured by the digital measuring system (9). The unit (13) employs a technology of accident-free movement of measuring probes between termination pads. |
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Positive temperature coefficient device Invention relates to positive temperature coefficient (PTC) devices, having a PTC element, particularly a polymer PTC element and an electrical device having said PTC device. The PTC device (10) has a multilayer base (14) which operates as a heat-conducting medium and a polymer PTC element (12) situated on the base, wherein the polymer PTC element is situated on one surface (15) of the multilayer base (in a thermally coupled state) and the polymer PTC element and the multilayer base are brazed into a resin such that the other surface (15') of the multilayer base remains outside. |
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Method of obtaining coatings for electroradioproducts Protective varnish-and-paint coating is capable of forming defect-free solid film and can be applied for painting electroradioproducts, including cylinder-shaped resistors with axial outlets. Method of obtaining coating includes application on electroradioproducts of enamel EPIMAL®-992P with introduced in it additional component - isophorone in quantity content from 1.0 to 1.5 wt % and drying. Drying of applied enamel is realised for 7 min 30 sec at temperature 140-160°C. |
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Device with spark-gap of protection against overvoltages Protection device comprises a spark gap (1, 1a) for protection against overvoltages, which comprises the first (4) and the second (5) connection terminals. At least one connection terminal (4, 5) is connected to an electric conducting connection current circuit (6), which is installed in a cardan manner. The cardan hinged joint (7, 7a) is retained with the second connection terminal (5) and comprises the first bracket (8) and the second bracket (9), entering each other. The first bracket (8) is connected to the second terminal (5). A device (11) is fixed to the second bracket (9) at the rigidly set angle for disconnection of the connection current circuit (6) in case of device failure. |
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Coil of high-q impulse solenoid Invention may be used during manufacturing of resistive devices (soleniods) of long-term use meant for operation in modes of single impulses, impulse periodic mode, current resonance mode and semipermanent current mode. The goal is achieved by manufacturing of solenoid from the same included in parallel bisected coils, which both sections are wound by square bus arranged by contrariwise unwinding spirals. Conductor transfer from one section to the other is performed on inner layer of coil. For this purpose before winding bus is plastically deformed by shear in the middle of its length to the value equal to the sum of the bus width and thickness of intersection insulation. In order to prevent possible electric breakdown between sections and on sides of each coil bonded are gaskets-washers from insulating material. Solenoid is subjected to cooling by its submerging in coolant. |
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Method to manufacture wire measurement resistor Place of their connection is divided with a frame at the ratio close according to the proposed ratio of temperature resistance coefficients (TRC) of materials of sections wire produced by temperature characteristics of annealing. The temperature dependence of resistance is adjusted by means of winding the wire off the frame. They perform thermal treatment of the resistor to produce the specified TRC of resistive sections of various sign, adjusting the mode of thermal treatment. They determine the ratio of the TRC values in sections and alternate winding of wire off them, using intermediate measurements of section resistances, they provide for compliance with the following ratios: R=R1+R2, where α1 α2 - TRC of sections; R1, R2, ρ1; ρ2 - their electric and specific resistances; n, m - number of turns in the first and second sections; R - total electric resistance of the resistor, so that in process of winding to preserve the established proportion of section turns, providing for the TRC of the resistor equal to zero and bringing its total resistance to the nominal value. |
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Overvoltage protection device has housing (1) and at least two electric conductors (2) led to housing (1) or electric connection to the overvoltage protection device, thermal switch (14), spark discharger (15) and igniter (16). In housing (1) there located is overvoltage protection discharger (3) to restrict overvoltage of electric conductors (2), as well as switch (4) responding to pressure for short-circuiting of electric conductors (2). Thermal switch (14) is connected thermally to discharger (3) for protection against overvoltage and made so that it can ignite spark discharger (15) by means of igniter (16). |
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Method for making thick-film resistive elements Method for making thick-film resistive elements involves series application of conducting and resistive layers to an insulating substrate using a screen printing method with its further burning-in in air atmosphere. the proposed method involves alternation of application of a conducting layer with its burning-in on individual sections of the insulating substrate, at the temperature of 840-860°C during 55±5 minutes; then, application of a resistive layer and its burning-in at the temperature 805±2°C is performed step by step during 70±5 minutes with further control of nominal of resistive elements; with that, at increased nominal, fitting is performed at the temperature of 820±10°C during 5-10 minutes, and at decreased nominal at the temperature of 690±10°C during 5-10 minutes; after that, tin plating is performed in molten solder by dipping at the temperature of 250±10°C. |
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Method of painting and drying radio electrical articles Articles are painted by preparing epoxy enamel EPIMAL®-9114 by adding 30% solution of 2-methylimidazole in diethylene glycol in amount of 0.5-1.0% of the weight of enamel. The enamel is dried for 16-22 minutes at temperature of 180-200°C to obtain a coating. |
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Apparatus for limiting overvoltage In order to increase reliability of the technical state of such devices, currents on the surface of the device and current of the varistor column have to be separated. This separation is provided by insulating the lead from the metal flange. In modern compact devices for limiting overvoltage with polymer housings, insulating the lead while ensuring appropriate air-tightness of the device is difficult. To this end, its cylindrical lead contact and the fabrication hole for injecting a compound are made in form of a hollow metal tube, e.g. a cylindrical steel tube. The outer diameter of the lead contact should be at least D = 4 S S / π + d 2 , where SS is the standardised cross-sectional area of the earthing conductor; d is the assumed diameter of the fabrication hole. |
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Insulating system comprises the first stop and also the second stop. Between stops there is an insulator rod (8), which has a non-circular enveloping contour. The insulator rod (8) is surrounded with at least one skirt (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, 9f, 9g) of the insulator. The skirt (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, 9f, 9g) of insulator has an enveloping contour similar to the enveloping contour of the insulator rod (8). The enveloping contour is substantially polygonal, and positions of angles of the polygonal enveloping contour are set with the help of connection elements stretching between stops. Angles of the polygonal enveloping contour are cut. Between the stops there is at least one varistor element integrated into the insulator rod (8). |
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Film planar voltage variable capacitor Film planar voltage variable capacitor comprises a dielectric substrate, on the surface of which there is a layer of a ferroelectric material, working electrodes and contact sites arranged on the basis of the multi-layer metal structures from sputtered and galvanically grown layers of metals, the working electrodes of the voltage variable capacitor are made in the sputtered layer of aluminium applied onto the layer of the ferroelectric material. |
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Electric protective device contains two disc-shaped PTC-thermistors (1) positioned within a common housing (2). The housing (2) contains a hole (3) on either of the two opposite sides, the said hole (3) size matching (3) that of the PTC-thermistors (2) so that the PTC-thermistors (1) may be inserted into the housing through the holes (3). The two PTC-thermistors (1) are electrically insulated from each other inside the housing (2). Each PTC-thermistor (1) contains at least two connective wires (4) by means whereof the PTC-thermistors (1) are attached to the housing (2). |
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Method to manufacture oxide-zinc varistors In the method to manufacture an oxide-zinc varistor including preparation of an initial composition on the basis of zinc oxide, shaping of a varistor stock by pressing, heating of the stock and its subsequent annealing, according to the invention, the stock is shaped by means of pressing of the initial composition, and the stock is heated in the electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency as the stock is placed in the mould made from a material with high value of tangent of the dielectric losses angle. |
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Invention relates to a potentiometer, comprising at least two electroconductive segments (12), every of which has a contact side (14), which is surrounded with a circumferential contour (16), which border to each other tightly by one section (18, 20) of their contours (16), and a connection device (38) for electric connection of the first contact point (P1) in the first segment with at least one second contact point (P2) in the second segment; electric contacts, through which current (I) is supplied as passing via all segments, besides, between every two segments (12) there is an electric contact (22), at the same time there is a source of current or voltage so that electric current (I) passes at least via one segment. A prosthetic appliance, in particular, of an arm or hand, comprises a potentiometer according to the first invention of the proposed group of inventions. Also a method is proposed to determine angular position of a structural element. |
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Resistance to start for power high-voltage breaker Device (18) of resistance to start for a power high-voltage breaker comprises large number of elements (70) of resistance and large number of cooling elements (60), besides, cooling elements (60) are located in series with each other and are serially electrically connected with each other. Accordingly, between two serially arranged cooling elements (60) there are elements (70) of resistance, which electrically serially connect with each other electric cooling elements (60). |
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Resistor consists of zigzag-shaped metal band with parallel sections and bend places. V-shaped profile is given to parallel band sections in the section along longitudinal axis for creation of a stiffener. Bend places of the band are fixed in slots of insulators, which provide fixation of the band bending lengthwise and across the width, and do not prevent the elongation of band turns throughout the depth during the heating process. Insulators are tightened with dielectric pins. |
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Arrester for overvoltage protection Arrester for overvoltage protection contains a core consisting of a column of varistor units (1), two connecting units (wherebetween the column of varistor units (1) is fixed), multiple reinforcing elements placed between the connecting units (3) and fixed on them (the reinforcing elements enclosing the column of varistor units) and at least one stabilising disk (25) placed on the section of one of the fines (7); additionally the arrester contains an outer fined body (5) wherein the core is inserted at least partly. According to the invention in the arrester for overvoltage protection the outer body is designed so that the core is inserted without application of an intermediate volume of fluid medium or voids. The stabilising disk contains multiple through holes wherethrough the reinforcing elements are passed. |
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Method for manufacturing of high-resistant and low-resistant thin film resistors on the same base FIELD: microelectronics. SUBSTANCE: method of manufacturing of high-resistant and low-resistant thin film resistors on the same base, two resistive films are evaporated on the base, first one with high surface resistivity, then one with low surface resistivity, conductor layer and then subsequently form using photolithography first low-resistant resistors, then high-resistant resistors - by selective chemical stripping of low-resistant resistive film from the surface of high-resistant resistive film, the same material is used for high-resistant and low-resistant resistive film, separated by intermediate separating film with surface resistance surpassing surface resistance of high-resistance resistive film. Tantalum film or tantalum nitride film are used as high-resistant and low-resistant resistive film, and yttrium films are used as intermediate separating film. EFFECT: production of resistive microassemblies as well as powerful resistive HF attenuators containing low-resistant and high-resistant resistors. 2 cl |
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Overvoltage suppressor (1) for medium and high voltage includes two end electrodes, column of many varistor units installed one after the other in axial direction of varistor units between the first and the second end electrodes; clamping devices connecting the first end electrode to the second end electrode and outer housing and includes combined module intended to provide the adjustment of length and turn and which is located between column of varistor units and the second end electrode. Combined module includes two elements having the possibility of being adjusted relative to each other in axial direction. |
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Precise thin-film resistor (TFR) consists of insulating substrate with located on its surface membraneous rectangular resistance element with stepped film thickening and two membraneous contact outputs at its ends. Note that step thickness is approximately equal to resistance film thickness of main resistor. The edge of the first step, counting from output, goes perpendicularly current line along whole resistor width at a distance for one - not less thickness of resistance film main part, and exact value of this distance and step thickness is calculated by model analysis considering resistance film properties. The third membraneous metal contact output is potential and is connected to the body of main resistor by strip from main resistance material. The edge of the second step is away from its contact at a distance n times more, than the first one. Note that numerical value of n coefficient is calculated from mathematical expression. |
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Overvoltage protection devices containing plate made from varistor material Overvoltage protection device includes the first and the second electrically conducting electrode elements, varistor element made from varistor material and electrically connected to each of the first and the second electrode elements, and electrically conducting fuse element. Fuse element is sensitive to heat in the device and is intended to be fused and to form current path between the first and the second electrode elements through the fuse element. Overvoltage protection method consists in use of overvoltage protection device where the current is supplied through varistor element responding to overvoltage; and at that, fuse element is fused to form new current path in the device to control the heating at least of some part of the device. Material of varistor element has been chosen from the group containing mixtures of metal oxides and silicone carbide. |
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Overvoltage protection device includes cylindrical insulation housing in which there installed are in parallel located columns of voltage-controlled resistors, each of which is made in the form of several in-series installed sections of voltage-controlled resistors, and device for mechanical attachment of columns inside the housing. Sections of voltage-controlled resistors in columns are connected to each other electrically and in parallel, and each column of voltage-controlled resistors is arranged in insulation cover with horizontal slots for contact outputs of sections of voltage-controlled resistors. Mechanical attachment device of columns of voltage-controlled resistors inside the housing is equipped with the covers located on edges of the device, on which there fixed are columns of voltage-controlled resistors and current-conducting elements with which contact outputs of sections of voltage-controlled resistors are connected. Each current-conducting element is placed in insulation cover. |
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Overvoltage protection device with state alarm Invention refers to overvoltage protection with state alarm which includes at least one linear resistance element with shut-down device conjugated to overvoltage protection state alarm device. Overvoltage protection includes the only shut-down device which is equipped with devices for at least two-step movement of actuating element depending on the temperature of non-linear resistance element; at that, actuating element is conjugated to alarm device of stepped movement of actuating element. |
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Method to determine parametres of splitter for excess-voltage suppressor Invention relates to method to determine parameters of splitter for excess-voltage suppressor, besides, switching motion of splitter is carried out with the help of switching tab, which by means of permanently acting spring force is directed in the direction opposite to retention force developed with the help of protective solder. According to invention, force of preliminary tension, acting at switching tab or to its solder to develop unsoldering force or switching force, together with permanently acting force of preliminary tension, is maintained at least with one other additional force of preliminary tension acting independently on it and also with additional switching force with the same direction of action, besides, distribution of these forces is adjusted so that in rested condition the soldered joint is exposed to small resulting force, and when possible high resulting force makes a switching motion in process of unsoldering. |
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Discharge arrester for overvoltage protection comprises at least one discharge element, for instance varistor, and disconnection device, comprising soldered joint (11), which inside overvoltage protection discharge arrester is related to electric circuit of connection. Via the soldered joint (11), the movable conducting section (12) or movable conducting bridge (22) is connected to discharge element at one side, and at the other side, this conducting section (12) or this bridge (22) is connected to electric external connection of discharge arrester. Disconnection device comprises spring (15), creating a force of pretension, besides, corresponding vector of force directly or indirectly influences conducting section (12) or bridge (22) in direction of disconnection. Thermally connected stop element (17) blocks movable conducting section (12) or movable conducting bridge (22) relative to vector of pretension force, and therefore soldered joint (11) of disconnection device is not exposed to continuous power load. |
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Manufacturing method of precision chip resistors as per hybrid technology Method involves the following process operations: 1) application to ground (rear) surface of insulating substrate by means of screen-printing technique of layer of silver or silver-palladic paste with its further baking, thus forming electrode contacts on rear side of substrate; 2) sputtering of resistive layer to polished (front) side of insulating substrate by means of vacuum (thin-film) technique; 3) formation of resistive layer topology on substrate by means of photolithography and ion etching; 4) application of low-temperature silver paste with its further baking on front side of substrate above resistive layer by means of screen-printing technique, thus forming electrode contacts on front side; 5) adjustment of resistance value of resistors to nominal by means of laser adjustment; 6) application of low-temperature protection paste layer by means of screen-printing technique to resistive layer with further baking, thus forming protective layer; 7) scribing and breakage of plate of insulating substrate into strips; 8) sputtering of nickel-chrome alloy to the edges by method of vacuum (thin-film) procedure, thus connecting electrode contacts of front and rear sides of substrate to each other; 9) breakage of rows of plate into chips; 10) application of nickel layer by galvanic method above electrode contacts - edge one, on front and rear sides; 11) application of solder metal layer above nickel layer by galvanic method in the form of alloy of stannum with plumbum. |
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Invention refers to overvoltage protection device containing holder (1) and at least one plug-in protective element (2) which includes at least one non-linear resistive element, as well as the device for disengaging of non-linear resistive element from the network, and at least some part of the device for local signalling and/or remote signalling of the protection state against overvoltage. In housing (7) of plug-in protective element (2) there located with possibility of being moved and with pressure counteraction to low-melting connection of wire rope (10) and electrode (9) of non-linear resistive element is movable part (4) which is equipped at least with one surface to influence lever (16) of optical signalling, as well as it is equipped at least with one surface to influence the positioning element (3) of remote signalling, which is located in holder (1). |
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Current flowing in second current output terminal 6, copper hollow cylinder 5, washer 2 and first current output terminal 8 causes voltage drop between connections of potential terminals 10, voltage being fed via measuring cable to measuring instrument. Due to resistance of cylindrical resistor 2, the later is heated with major portion of heat being transferred by sine of solid saturated hydrocarbons 12. When temperature of said solid saturated hydrocarbon mix reaches ~40-65°C, this mix (12) changes over from solid into liquid state which is accompanied with heat absorption and results in no increase in mix and current shunt temperatures. With mix temperature decreasing below ~40-65°C, mix changes over into solid state. |
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Electrically conducting composite material includes the following, wt %: titanium nitride TiN - 65-70 and iron Fe - 30-35. For obtaining the proposed electrically conducting composite material there used is charge containing the following, wt %: ferrotitanium 60-70 and pre-nitrided ferrotitanium 30-40. Electrically conducting composition includes the proposed electrically conducting composite material 30-70 wt % and organic silicon compound used as binding agent in quantity of 30-70 wt %. |
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Method of making resistance strain gauges for measuring surface deformations Metal surface is oxidised through deep porous anodic treatment until formation of an oxide film whose thickness ensures reliable electrical insulation of the resistive strain gauge from the metal surface. The oxide film is strengthened by burning in a nitrogen atmosphere. A SiO2 or Ta2O5 layer is deposited in a vacuum and polished to cleanliness level 14. A nichrome layer with the necessary resistivity is deposited on the said SiO2 or Ta2O5 layer through thermal evaporation of nichrome from a crucible in a vacuum. The pattern of the resistance strain gauge is made via thin-film photolithography. An aluminium or copper layer is then deposited. Terminal pads are formed through photolithography and lead wires are welded to the said pads. The finished resistance strain gauge is insulated on top by a SiO2 layer. |
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Method for tinning of radio elements terminals Invention may be used to manufacture non-wire cylindrical resistors at the operation of nickel-plated copper terminals tinning. Treatment of terminals surface is carried out with active hydrazine-containing flux, containing the following components, wt %: hydrazine dihydrochloride 2.0-4.0, diatomic alcohol 57.0-42.0, surfactant 8.0-4.0, glycerin 33.0-50.0. Then terminals are submerged into melted solder by group method at the temperature of melted solder of 320-400°C. |
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Method for painting and drying of radio elements Invention is related to manufacturing of non-wire cylindrical resistors with axial leads, which are painted with epoxide enamel prior to use and dried. Substance of invention consists in the fact that into epoxide enamel, prior to application onto item, catalyst is added - 30% solution of 2methylimidazole in diethylene glycol, in volume of 3-7% from mass of enamel "EPIMAL-992 U", and drying of enamel coating is carried out for 1-2 min. at the temperature of 180±20°C. |
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Invention refers to methods of fabricating electric heating elements by plasma sputtering. According to the method of forming electric heating element by plasma sputtering with metal and/or metal oxide matrix, the said matrix is plasma sputtered on insulating or conducting bedding to produce resistance higher, than required for intended usage. Also pulse high voltage of direct current is fed to the said matrix crosswise thus creating continuous conducting paths in the matrix facilitating constant raised conductivity and correspondingly reduced impedance of the said metal and/or metal oxide matrix and achieving required value of resistance. Present matrix resistance is determined by feeding additional continuous applied voltage of direct current to the matrix. A facility for fabricating electric heating elements consists of a device for application of metal and/or metal oxide matrix on insulating or conducting bedding by the method of plasma sputtering, of a device for feeding the first voltage of direct current continuously applied to the matrix, of a device for recording resistance of the said matrix, of a device supplying the second voltage of direct current to the matrix, of a device of control of rise of current running through a metal oxide matrix by means of feeding continuous applied the first voltage of direct current. |
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Invention is related to method for superposition of electric insulating shell over varistor unit for overvoltage protection discharger. Method for superposition of electric insulating shell over varistor unit, and also varistor unit for discharger of overvoltage protection. Varistor unit (1) is made of multiple varistor elements (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d). Around varistor elements (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) there is electric insulating shell (5a) arranged. Electric insulating shell (5a) directly lies on surface of varistor unit (1). Prior to or in process of electric insulating shell (5a) superposition over varistor unit (1), undesirable gas molecules are removed from the area of connection between surface of varistor unit (1) and shell (5a). Application of shell is carried out in evacuated space. Shell is shaped under action of thermal energy. Shell is at least partially shaped with hose from shrunk material. |
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Powerful air-cooled ribbon resistor In resistor comprising frame with fan and split coaxial rings fixed on it, which consist of arc rods with stringed insulation bushiness, between which holders are installed with resistive ribbon bent in a zigzag manner. Split rings comprises two semi-rings each, holders are arranged simultaneously as stretchers, each zigzag of resistive ribbon consists of straight section between two holders. Point of resistive ribbon bend on holder is arranged as U-shaped, surface of resistive ribbon is arranged with incisions-turbulence promoters, fan is installed inside resistor between upper and lower split coaxial rings (semi-rings), and driving motor - over specified rings. Besides powerful air-cooled ribbon resistor is equipped with open side oval jacket, geometric centre of which is located on axis of fan shaft rotation. |
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Surge protector with framed structure and method of making said surge protector Surge protector has at least one varistor unit (1), two end fittings (3), at least one reinforcing element (9) holding the varistor unit (1) and the end fittings (3) together and passing through a first through-opening (11) in at least one end fitting (3). Second openings in at least one end fitting (3) enter a groove (17) at the side of the end fitting (3) not facing the varistor units (1). In accordance with the method of making the surge protector, coatings are deposited through extrusion or a module is encapsulated, where the module contains two end fittings (3), several varistor units (1) and at least one reinforcing element (9) to form an outer casing (5). First through-openings (11) for the reinforcing element (9) are sealed with silicon. Silicon flows through second through-openings (15) in the end fittings (3) when casting or sputtering and enters the first through-openings (11) from the outside so as to insulate them from water and moisture. |
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Tightined unit manufacture method and tools for it Invention related to machine-building and can be used for tightened unit manufacture. Install loaded unit in to connection part hole. Move forward one or more operation tools for deformation relatively to connecting part in a way, that to deform at least one of the hole walls during clutching with the loaded unit. At least one loaded unit and first connection part tightened together in a way that at least one loaded element dislocated relatively to cross-section center of first connection part. Loaded element installed into hole, limited with wall, and connection part deformed along its perimetre for mentioned before wall clutching interaction with loaded element, with deformation ratio at its certain length, changing dependently on moving along loaded element perimetre. Lightning protection discharge includes tightened unit. Device for its manufacturing includes connection part holder and at least one deformational tool, which can be shifted to the connection part side, fixed in the holder, and has one or more holes, formed by wall. Loaded element installed into every hole. At that one or every deformational tool executed with possibility of connection part deformation along its perimetre and every mentioned wall during clutching interaction with the loaded element, with deformation ratio at defined length, changing dependently on moving along loaded element perimetre or the nearest element to the loaded element. |
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Method of making high-ohmic polysilicon resistor Invention relates to microelectronics, more specifically to the technology of making high-ohmic polysilicon resistors, and can be used in production of polysilicon resistors, as discrete components and as components of integrated circuits. The method of making a high-ohmic polysilicon resistor involves depositing a polysilicon layer on a dielectric which insulates it from a substrate and components of the integrated circuit, formation of heavily doped regions of the resistor contacts through ion implantation of a large dose of impurities or impurity diffusion, formation of the next polysilicon region through photolithography, deposition of a metal layer with subsequent photolithography, formation of a doped layer on the body of the resistor through ion implantation. After formation of the doped layer in the body of the resistor, calcination is done at temperature ranging from 250°C-850°C. |
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Method of making thin-film resistor Method of a making thin-film resistor involves depositing a resistive layer onto a substrate, formation of terminal pads, formation of resistive elements through photolithography, determination of the value of resistance of thin-film resistive elements, adjusting to the required value of resistance and temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of the resistor based on calculated ratios between resistance of thin-film structures, their TCR and TCR of the integrated resistor, which is made in form of a series electrical circuit of sections of this resistor, consisting of first and second rectangular resistive elements with different TCR, on the edges of which there are two current terminal pads, and a third resistive element is made from the main resistive material and joined to the body of the integrated resistor at the joint of the first and second resistive elements and a third potential terminal pad, where all resistive elements are formed at the same time after etching the resistive coating, during which projections of different lengths are also formed in the body of the integrated resistor, adjacent to current terminal pads and allowing for reduction of the peak value of power released in the contact area. TCR of the series-connected sections of the integrated resistor is adjusted to values with different signs through thermal treatment, and TCR of the integrated resistor is reduced to zero through laser adjustment, using the analytical relationship R1/R2=(α2-α)/(α-α1), where R1, R2 - resistance of the first and second thin-film elements, respectively, α1, α2 - TCR of the first and second resistive thin-film elements, respectively, and TCR of the integrated resistor, with alternating measurement of resistance of series-connected sections of the integrated resistor. |
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Temperature-voltage converter has an operational amplifier and two resistive voltage dividers, made using thin-film technology, the output of the first of which is connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier. The output of the second voltage divider is connected to the inverting input. The input of the first resistive voltage divider is connected the output of the reference voltage source, and the input of the second - to the output of the operational amplifier. The voltage dividers are made as a separate chip assembly, in which between the terminal for connecting to the reference voltage source and the terminal for connecting to the inverting input of the operational amplifier, an additional resistor is connected, made using integrated technology and from the same material as the second voltage divider, with resistance equal to resistance of the negative feedback circuit of the operational amplifier. |
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Invention can be used as discrete devices, as well as a component when designing large and super large integrated circuits for various purposes. The polyresistor has a polysilicon area on a dielectric which insulates it from the substrate and components of the integrated circuit, high-alloyed areas of the resistor contacts, doped layer in the body of the resistor, obtained after metallisation, annealed at relatively low temperature (250°C to 850°C) and, therefore, with limited depth, which is less than thickness of the polysilicon layer. |
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Thick-film resistor trimming device Proposed device comprises first reference voltage source (1), comparator (2), resistance metre (3), differentiator (4), ADC (5), voltage absolute value separation unit (6), comparator (7), second reference voltage source (8), shift register (9), monostable multivibrator (10), elements AND (11-1) to (11-n), DAC (12), flare discharge generator (13), switch (14), working electrodes (15-1) to (15-n), fitting resistor (16) and substrate holder (17). Radiating cone vertex of every electrode is located at fixed distance from surface of resistor (16) that decreases with increasing order number of working electrode (15-1) to (15-n), and adds to increasing accuracy and efficiency of trimming which displays at larger degree in the region of minor resistance increments. Device differentiator (4), voltage absolute value separation unit (6), comparator (7), second reference voltage source (8) and monostable multivibrator (10) allows accounting for trimmed resistor temperature variations and forming time intervals between two cycles of parching (with due allowance for film cooling time, and decreasing with increasing digit number). Trimming is effected on aforesaid basis. |
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Thick-film resistor trimming device Proposed device comprises first reference voltage source (1), comparator (2), resistance metre (3), ADC (4), voltage absolute value separation unit (6), comparator (17), second reference voltage source (8), shift register (6), monostable multivibrator (7), elements AND (8-1) to (8-n), DAC (12), flare discharge generator (12), switch (14), working electrodes (14-1) to (14-n), fitting resistor (15) and substrate holder (16), additional electrode (18) and third power supply (19). Radiating cone vertex of every electrode is located at fixed distance from surface of resistor (15) that decreases with increasing order number of working electrode (14-1) to (14-n), and adds to increasing accuracy and efficiency of trimming which displays at larger degree in the region of minor resistance increments. Device uses multiplying DAC (10), second reference voltage source (9) (to automatically set flame discharge power depending upon resistive film evaporation temperature). It comprises also switch (13), additional input and output, third reference voltage source (19), least voltage selection unit (11), comparator (17), reversing shift register (6) and discharge repeated switch-on unit (5). |
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Cell structure overvoltage limiter Invention is related to the field of electric engineering and is related to overvoltage limiter, which comprises at least one varistor unit (1), one limit connecting element (3), one strengthening element (9), which strongly fixes varistor unit (1) on limit connecting element (3) due to tension force, and at least one fixing element (27), which strongly fixes strengthening element (9) at end connecting element (3) due to tension force, moreover, fixing element (27) comprises at least one edge (29), which is cut into strengthening element (9). Fixing element (27) preferably represents combination of incision ring and screw. |
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Discharger for protection against overvoltage with frame structure Invention is related to dischargers for overvoltage protection. According to invention, discharger comprises at least one varistor unit (1); two limit grips (3), one strengthening element (9), which maintains varistor unit (1) in stressed condition at limit grips (3), and at least one fixture (13), which holds strengthening element (9) in hole (11), passing through at least one of limit grips (3). Fixture (13) is preferably wedge that splits strengthening element (9) and presses it to external walls of through hole (11). According to another version in through hole (11) there are two or more strengthening elements strengthened with glass fiber maintained, and wedge between these strengthening elements provides for holding of strengthening elements with tight fit in limit grip in area of through hole (11). |
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Resistive material for manufacturing of thin-film resistors Invention is related to the field of electric engineering and may be used in manufacturing of thin-film resistors with precision characteristics. Material contains chrome, iron, aluminium, silicon dioxide, titanium, aluminium oxide, nickel and cerium dioxide at the following quantitative ratio of components, in wt %: chrome - 11÷31, iron - 7.5÷11.2, aluminium - 4.3÷9.8, silicon dioxide -17.5÷41.7, titanium - 5.6÷12.6, aluminium oxide - 1.2÷2.7, nickel - 3.2÷17.6, cerium dioxide - 0.6÷1.3. Additional introduction of nickel and cerium dioxide in specified amount into resistive material provides for production of thin-film resistors with specific surface resistance from 1000 Ohm to 5000 Ohm and TRC (temperature resistance coefficient) ± 15×10-6 degrees-1 with higher percentage of good resistors yield up to 80-100 in the range of temperatures from 20 to 125°C. |
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Material for manufacturing of thin-film resistors Invention is related to the field of electric engineering, in particular to material and manufacturing of thin-film resistors with precision characteristics from it. Material for manufacturing of thin-film resistors contains chrome, iron, aluminium, silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, nickel and cerium dioxide at the following quantitative ratio of components, in wt %: chrome - 11÷31, iron - 7.5÷11.2, aluminium - 4.3÷9.8, silicon dioxide -17.5÷41.7, titanium - 5.6÷12.6, aluminium oxide - 1.2÷2.7, nickel - 3.2÷17.6, cerium dioxide - 0.6÷1.3. |
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Resistor to control air conditioner fan motor rpm Invention relates to electrical engineering, namely to resistors, and can be used to control air conditioner fan motor r.p.m. Proposed resistor comprises enclosure and dissipater jointed to the former. Resistor p.c.b. is coated by insulating layers and places in the said dissipater. Reinforcing plate seats on dissipater front surface to isolate resistor p.c.b. from external effects. Fuse is pinpoint-solded to p.c.b. top contacts, on dissipater top part. Arc-like fastening element envelopes the fuse to hold it reliably. |
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Device for telemonitoring conditions of overvoltage one-pole protection Proposed device comprises holder (1) and at least one protective plug-in element (2), both provided with mechanical detectors of changes in state of every plug-in protective element. Holder (1) incorporates also appliances to change the state of switch (4) comprising connectors for it to be connected to long-range communication line for state-change signal transmission. Holder (1) comprises spring-loaded positioning element (5) with indicator end (5c), when protection is connected to electric power circuit, stays in contact with movable part (2a) in respective plug-in element (2). Note here that every aforesaid positioning element (5) has its other end furnished with flange (5b). Free end of signaling plate (3) is arranged between flange (5b) and respective plug-in protective element (2). Aforesaid plate has its other end oscillates about the axis passing along the width of holder (1) that accommodates also switch (4). Switch control element (4b) is located on the trajectory of signaling plate (3) after the state of plug-in element (2) has changed. |
Another patent 2513665.