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Steam generator and washing machine having such steam generator Invention relates to household appliances, in particular, to steam generators and washing machines equipped with a steam generator that can minimise the quantity of residual water in the steam generator, prevents leakage of water stored in the steam generator and prevents supply of water in the steam generator to the laundry together with steam under the impact of the steam jet pressure. The steam generator has a lower water storage housing that has a base forming the lower housing lower surface, a heater for heating the lower housing, an upper housing positioned on the lower housing, intended for release of steam produced in the lower housing and having a steam release nipple and a steam supply duct having an outer wall passing from the base to the steam release nipple for prevention of ingress of water stores in the lower housing into the upper housing and a flow passage inside the inner wall, positioned on the lower pat and serving for steam supply; the heater is installed inside the lower housing so that the heater fails to contact water stored in the inner housing. |
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Complex waste heat recovery unit Invention relates to heat-and-power engineering and can be used for flue gas heat recovery at boilers, industrial furnaces, gas vents at air heating combined with electric power production. Proposed unit comprises body equipped with gas and air pipes. It accommodates the stack of perforated plates that make gas and air channels there between. Note here that plate perforation is composed of horizontal staggered slots. Said slots house thermoelectric units consisting of oval inserts made of resilient dielectric rustproof material. Zigzag-like rows of thermal emission converters are fitted in said slots. Every said converter is composed by a pair of bared wire lengths made from different metals M1 and M2 with their ends soldered together. Note here that said zigzag-like rows are interconnected in series by conductors to make thermoelectric sections connected with commutators of electric charges and terminals. |
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Invention relates to power engineering and can be used at design of separators-superheaters of turbine plants of nuclear power stations. Essence the invention is as follows: a separator-superheater includes a vertical housing with a bottom moisture separator. The moisture separator is made in the form of central and peripheral annular rows of separation units. Separation units of the central row are arranged on a horizontal partition and installed so that they adjoin the appropriate separation units of the peripheral row, and separation units of the peripheral row are located above separation units of the central row with an inclination towards them. Separation units of the central annular row are installed throughout the housing height in the location zone of a humid steam supply branch pipe fixed in the side wall of the housing, which together with units, as well as with the partition forms a distributing humid steam chamber. |
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Invention relates to power engineering and can be used at design of separators-superheaters of turbine plants of nuclear power stations. Essence the invention is as follows: a humid steam branch pipe is installed in the side wall of the vertical housing. Separation units are located as an annular row inside the housing and form an inlet chamber together with its side wall. A moisture separator has a moisture pre-separation device in the form of guide plates installed in the inlet chamber so that corresponding moisture crossover cavities are formed relative to the side wall of the housing. Guide plates of the pre-separation device are installed in the inlet chamber in series in the direction from the humid steam supply branch pipe to the diametrically opposite side; with that, rear vertical edge of each previous guide plate is attached to the side wall of the housing, and front vertical edge of each successive plate is installed relative to rear vertical edge of the previous guide plate with formation of a moisture intake opening that is interconnected with the corresponding moisture crossover cavities of the moisture pre-separation device. |
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Invention relates to power engineering and can be used at design of separators-superheaters of turbine plants of nuclear power stations. Essence the invention is as follows: separator-superheater includes a vertical housing, in the lower part of which separation units are arranged, and superheaters of the first and the second stages are installed in series in the upper part as to the housing height. Each superheater has a tube bank connected to a vertical header provided with an end manhole. The manhole for the superheater of the first and the second stages are made in the lower and upper parts of the header respectively. Additional manholes are made in the housing in the opening zone in the separation unit and in the zone located above the superheater of the second stage. The manhole of the superheater of the first stage, which is made in the lower part of the header, allows transferring maintenance of the superheater of the first stage to the zone located under the superheaters and locating headers of the superheaters to each other as close as possible. However, maintenance of the superheater of the first stage requires access to its manhole; therefore, there is an additional manhole in the housing in the opening zone of the separation unit. |
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Invention relates to power engineering and can be used at design of separators-superheaters of turbine plants of nuclear power stations. Essence the invention is as follows: moisture separator includes a vertical housing, in the side wall of which a humid steam supply branch pipe is installed, as well as separation units installed in the housing so that an upper horizontal row is formed, and at least one lower horizontal row located throughout the housing height on the level of the humid steam supply branch pipe; with that, separation units of each row are connected to the separated substance discharge branch pipe installed in the lower wall of the housing, and separation units of the lower row are connected to the separated substance discharge branch pipe through hydraulic seals. Separation units of the upper row are installed with an inclination to the side wall of the housing and connected to the separated substance discharge branch pipe through additional hydraulic seals. |
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Method for correcting of phosphate solution doses into boiler water of drum boilers Invention refers to heat-power engineering and can be used to correct doses of phosphate solution put into boiler water of drum boilers. Essence of the invention: phosphate solution is dosed by a dosing pump into the boiler water of drum boilers depending on the blowing rate. Specific conductivity of N-cationated samples of feed water and boiler water of a drum power boiler is measured. Concentration of phosphates in the form P O 4 3 − in the boiler water is calculated. Basing on the calculation results the phosphate solution doses are regulated by the dosing pump. |
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Double-ply pipe, method of its fabrication and steam generator Invention can be used for production of double-ply wall pipes intended, for example, for steam generator of fast reactor. Double-ply wall pipe comprises multiple forming elements, each having inner and outer pipes. Said elements are welded together axially at their ends. Each said welded part of forming elements has a groove of axial length equal to or larger than 1/2 of weld roll width formed by welding thereat. |
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Steam-gas boiler, comprising a base heated by power supply device, a housing with the inner and outer casings, forming an external coolant channel connected to the flue pipe, has in the inner cavity the built-in device for pouring water which serves as protection against steam shot, and a valve of return of distilled water and water level control, simultaneously the base of the boiler is heated by a standard gas burner with the direct flame, and the flows of hot exhaust gases leaving the chimney, additionally heat all the boiler walls. |
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Method to control valve of periodical blowdown of drum boiler and device for its realisation In the method to control a valve of periodical blowdown of a drum boiler they additionally measure flow rate of reheated steam, generate signals of current and set quantity of steam, generated in the blowdown-to-blowdown period of time, generate commands of zeroing and start of count of the current quantity of steam generated within the blowdown-to-blowdown period of time, measure position of the actuation mechanism and by sign of position variation speed signal define condition of the valve and generate signals "open" or "close". Definition of the blowdown-to-blowdown interval of time is carried out by comparison of the current quantity of steam produced in the blowdown to blowdown period of time with the set one, which, when achieved, triggers supply of the valve opening signal, by the "open" signal they generate a command to zero the current quantity of steam produced in the blowdown-to-blowdown period of time, at the "open" signal they stop supplying the signal to control valve opening, besides, retaining the valve in the open condition is done by setting time delay, afterwards they start supplying control signal to control valve closing, at the "close" signal they generate the command to start count of the current quantity of steam, generated in the blowdown-to-blowdown period of time, and at the "close" signal they stop supplying control signal to control the valve closing. The device to control the valve of periodical blowdown of the drum boiler comprises a valve with an actuator, a generator of a signal to start an actuator, a timer, a sensor of reheated steam flow rate, a sensor of actuator position, a sensor of open valve position and a sensor of closed valve position, an integrator, a differentiator, three RS-triggers, a zero organ and a setter of steam quantity generated within the blowdown to blowdown period of time. |
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Industrial monotube steam generator Steam generator consists of a low pressure module for preheating of feed water and its degasification which is formed by two cylindrical shells made from steel plates inserted coaxially with an annular gap and having end face bottoms forming a common closed cavity with the annular space between the shells. On the back side the annular space between the shells is covered by a steel wall with a flange for the purpose of installing a high pressure module in the low pressure module, the high pressure module consists of two close-coiled pipes with last two-three turns along the water and steam flow being set with a gap in relation to each other, connected sequentially at the water path, inserted one into another coaxially with an annular gap between them, the inner close-coiled pipe is a fire box where burning of gas or liquid fuel is localised, and the end face part of the high pressure module is an intermediate waterproof pressurised vessel. |
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Invention relates to power engineering and may be used in straight flow steam generators. A steam generator comprises a heat exchanger, liquid and steam headers. A heat exchanger comprises several heat exchange units of identical design. The heat exchange unit comprises a bundle of spiral heat transfer tubes, a central cylinder and sleeves. Spiral heat transfer tubes, having different radius of rounding, are placed along the concentric spiral in the annular space between the central cylinder and the sleeve, forming one or several heat exchange columns. One outlet of the liquid header is connected to the main pipeline for water supply, and the second outlet of the liquid header is connected to the bundle of spiral heat transfer pipes. One outlet of the steam header is connected to the main steam pipeline, and the second outlet of the steam header is connected to the bundle of spiral heat transfer pipes. Inside the part of the connection with the liquid header each spiral heat transfer tube is equipped with a fixed and detachable diaphragm. |
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Steam boiler with drumfree separation of steam In a steam boiler, which comprises at least two safety valves, one safety valve is installed at the outlet of the steam reheater, and the other safety valve is arranged in the section between an external cyclone and the inlet to the steam reheater, inclusive. |
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Method and device for bore-hole gas generator Group of inventions relates to the bore-hole steam generator. The device can include an entry section, a combusting section and a steam generating section. System of bore-hole steam generator contains the entry section capable to deliver fuel and oxidiser to the combustion chamber; the combusting section containing a liner and the steam generating section with a nozzle. The liner forms the combustion chamber. Herewith the liner includes the flow path passing through the liner to deliver medium to it. Steam generating section can deliver fluid from the liner flow path to the combustion chamber. At that the nozzle is connected to the liner by a tube that ensures communication in fluid between the liner flow path and the nozzle. Fuel, oxidiser and fluid are fed to the device. Fuel and oxidiser are burnt in the combustion chamber with fluid supply through a number of channels passing through the liner. Fluid is heated and the liner is cooled. Drops of heated fluid are fed to the chamber. Drops are converted to steam by means of burning. |
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Used gas heat exchanger, particularly, used gas cooler for circulation of used gases in vehicles Invention relates to power engineering and can be used in used gas heat exchangers, particularly, used gas coolers for circulation of used gas in vehicles. Said heat exchangers are adapted for used gas passage and allow the coolant flow over heat exchanger channels. Said channels terminate in distribution and/or collection chamber with the device with guide channels arranged therein. Note here that the device with guide channels has inlet area for used gas, outlet area for used gas and multiple flow channels extending from used gas inlet to used gas outlet inclined to each other. Concentration of flow channels in cross-section makes 100-600 units/sq inch while the length of said channels makes 15-100 mm. |
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Method to organise motion of heating medium in feed water heater Method includes enclosure of columns of spirals of steam or condensate motion areas into jackets and streamlining of turns relative to the plane of their winding, at the same time each of the columns of spirals of the superheated steam cooling area, the mass steam condensation area and heating steam condensate cooling area are enclosed into the jacket, and using transverse partitions, are divided into sections, the heating medium is supplied into the space formed by internal turns of spirals, and further along the way of steam or condensate in each section they organise streamlining of turns in spirals in the plane of their winding in direction from internal turns of spirals to peripheral ones, from peripheral ones - to internal ones, at the same time the number of spirals in the area of mass steam condensation is reduced as its flow reduces during condensation. |
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Steam boiler comprises a bottom and a roof, and also walls stretching vertically between the bottom and the roof, thus creating a reaction chamber of a steam boiler, walls of the reaction chamber include a structure comprising steam boiler pipes, besides, the steam boiler comprises in its lower part at least one section of the wall narrowing towards the bottom. The first group of steam pipes in the specified narrowing section of the wall is arranged as capable of stretching from the plane (Y-Z) of the wall into the reaction chamber and stretching from the plane (Y-Z) of the wall to the bottom of the steam boiler at the side of the reaction chamber, creating a wall in the reaction chamber, and the second group of steam pipes is made as capable of stretching towards the bottom along the plane (Y-Z) of the wall. |
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Attachment system of convective heating surface of boiler superheater Invention refers to heat engineering and can be used in convective superheaters of high-duty boilers. The proposed system includes posts, supports mounted on them and intended for each inlet and outlet tubes of coils, which are connected to inlet and outlet headers respectively with possibility of separating each tube of the bank from the rest ones. Supports for inlet tubes are made in the form of rollers, and outlet tubes are provided with a clamping device restricting the possibility of movement of outlet tubes towards the outlet header, thus having no obstacle to their movement from the clamping place to the side from the outlet header. |
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Invention refers to heat engineering and can be used for steam generation in different industries. A method of steam generation in a fire-tube boiler with through vertical tubes for solid hot heat carrier flows consists in the fact that hot bulk heat carrier in the form of a heated circulating flow is extracted from a heat source, for example from a furnace with a fluidised bulk material bed, and supplied through a distributor located above the boiler to extended inlets of through vertical tubes so that downward gravity flows that are in thermal contact with tube walls are formed. Gravity flows of solid heat carries provide high heat release coefficients from solid heat carriers to tube walls and high heat flows to boiler water. As a result of internal mixing of solid bulk heat carrier, the tubes constricting towards the outlet create uniform heat carrier temperature distribution throughout the tube cross section. Constricted tube outlets in the boiler lower part are connected to a solid heat carrier flow control of a damper type. |
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Method for measurement in power boiler furnace using blower Invention involves a blower for cleaning of a heating surface of a power boiler furnace, which contains a frame, a moving carriage supported by the frame, a blowing pipe installed on the carriage so that the blowing pipe can be located in an extended position and introduced to the furnace and located in a retracted position and taken out of the furnace and having at least one nozzle for steam injection and at least one sensor installed on the frame or on the blowing pipe for measurement at least of one parameter inside the furnace. Besides, the invention involves a measurement method of parametres inside a power boiler, which includes introduction of the blowing pipe of the blower to the furnace and analysis of the data gathered by the above sensor. |
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Heat exchanger for power plants includes screw-shaped elements of tubes with two straight and two rounded sections on each coil. Tube centres of straight sections in cross section of a heat exchanger are located on a polygon outline. Screw-shaped elements are combined at least into two groups; besides, one group of screw-shaped elements is arranged in the gap between opposite straight tube sections of the other group. Number of runs of screw-shaped elements of one group can be different from the number of runs of screw-shaped elements of the other group. Number of coils of screw-shaped elements of one group can be different from that of screw-shaped elements of the other group. Tube diameter of screw-shaped elements of one group can be different from that of screw-shaped elements of the other group. |
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Power saving system of hot steam and water supply Power-saving system of steam and water supply comprises an accumulating water heater, which via the upper nozzle is connected with a steam and water heater by a pipeline, with a valve of hot water bleed and an electromagnetic valve of steam and water heater supply with water installed on it with the help of a T-joint. Since water heating in the accumulating water heater takes place in non-peak hours, during the periods of coolant consumption the heating unit of the accumulating water heater is as a rule disconnected from the network, thus, the peak capacity of the plant is reduced, and load is balanced at the electric circuit during the day. |
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Domestic appliance with filled steam reservoir and steam reservoir for domestic appliance In a domestic appliance with a filled steam reservoir comprising an inner cavity surrounded by limiting walls, there is an inlet for liquid at least in one limiting wall. The inlet is arranged relative to the sensor designed to measure the level of steam reservoir filling, so that the liquid jet poured from the inlet into the steam reservoir during liquid supply via the inlet into the inner cavity of the steam reservoir, first arrives to the area of sensor fixation to the steam reservoir, and then is collected in the steam reservoir. Thus the liquid first cools the area of sensor fixation and then the inner cavity of the steam reservoir. |
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Invention is related to structures of hot-water storage tanks, in particular to devices allowing increase in reliability and safety of such tanks and prevention of their explosive fracture. The invention suggests hot-water storage tank containing a cylindrical vessel made of metal sheets, bottom, roof, water feed and drainage pipelines, discharge tube, outer protective structure with vertical rods and belt-like element. The belt-like element is made in the form of sidewall; it has common bottom and roof with the cylindrical vessel; it is equipped with diametrical ribs and discharge tube from outside. The belt-like element forms manufacturing clearance with a wall of cylindrical vessel, while vertical rods placed in the manufacturing clearance form heat compensating clearance with a wall of cylindrical vessel. Inner radius of the belt-like element is defined by preset ratio. |
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Method of conducting pyrolysis and apparatus for realising said method Method of conducting pyrolysis using a bubble fluidised layer boiler involves feeding solid fuel into a pyrolysis apparatus (4) having means (5) of feeding fluidising gas and one or more outlet openings (6) for removing condensed gaseous substances separated from the pyrolysed fuel into a condenser (8) through a line (7). The means (5) of feeding fluidising gas are arranged such that they form crossing streams of fluidising gas towards the direction of feeding the fluidised layer material and fuel. The fluidised layer material is fed from the furnace (1) of the boiler through an adjoining wall into the pyrolysis apparatus (4). |
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In a boiler bank representing a volume surface of heating formed by pipes of vertical orientation, upper and lower ends of which are included into upper and lower reservoirs that accordingly unite them, from which at least one is a drum with an outer surface facing inside the boiler pass, a part of pipes of the boiler bank heating surface, either separately standing or included into fencing walls and partitions, have inclined sections in close proximity to the outer surface of the drum, arranged in planes crossing the longitudinal axis of the drum, between the rows of other pipes of the boiler bank in the zone of inclusion of these ends into the drum. |
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Steam generator and method to produce high-temperature water steam In a steam generator comprising a vessel, an igniting device, a unit to supply low-enthalpy water steam, an outlet part, according to the invention, a nozzle for hydrogen and oxygen mixture supply is installed along the axis of the vessel, and the unit of low-enthalpy water steam supply comprises a nozzle of low-enthalpy water steam supply, an end wall, a circular channel, a partition with holes arranged along the concentric circumference relative to the axis of the vessel and is located relative to the nozzle of hydrogen and oxygen mixture supply so that the steam generator vessel is simultaneously a chamber of combustion and mixing. The specified technical result is also achieved by the fact that in the method to produce high-temperature water steam, including combustion of hydrogen and oxygen in the stoichiometric ratio and mixing of combustion products with a ballasting component, according to the invention, the mixture of hydrogen and oxygen is supplied for combustion, the ballasting component is a low-enthalpy water steam, supply of the mixture of hydrogen and oxygen is carried out along the axis of the vessel, supply of low-enthalpy water steam - via holes arranged along the concentric circumference relative to the axis of the vessel, combustion of the hydrogen and oxygen mixture is carried out simultaneously with mixing in the flow of water steam. |
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Convective gas duct bank of boiler Convective gas duct bank of a boiler represents a single volumetric structure of a heating surface. The peculiar feature of the structure is that it consists, either partially or fully, of elements of heating surfaces of different functional purpose, which have similar geometrical shape inside the gas duct. |
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In a flame-tube hot-water boiler containing a housing closed on the front side with a bottom with a hole and a neck for installation of a burner, on the rear side with a tube sheet, inside which there arranged is a flame tube having front and rear bottoms, and smoke tubes located along concentric circles coaxially to the flame tube, the outlet ends of which are fixed in holes of the tube sheet carrying on the outer side a flue gas duct connected to a stack; inlet ends of smoke tubes are bent and fixed in holes of the front bottom and (or) holes located along the flame tube perimeter. Due to such a configuration, in the boiler design in the flow direction of combustion products there are no surfaces participating in heat transfer to heated water, and in particular, a turning chamber, and flue gas turn occurs immediately in smoke tubes. |
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Steam generator includes boiler designed with possibility of water heating to steam condition, which is provided with control device for regulation of water flow into the boiler; the boiler is provided with flushing hole for output of flushing water and also with a plug for flushing hole closing and for actuation of control device. The plug has the first position for actuation of flushing process in which flushing hole is opened. The plug actuates control device and it has the second position for completion of flushing process in which flushing hole is closed by the plug. The plug disables the control device. |
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Industrial power boiler, method of operation and control system Fuel and air is supplied into a burner, burnt in a firing hood, to which the burner adjoins, to create combustion products, afterwards combustion products are removed from the firing hood into an afterburning chamber, in which air is supplied into the combustion products with subsequent separation of combustion products into two flows. The first flow of combustion products is supplied to a heating surface, with subsequent heat removal from combustion products, afterwards the first flow of combustion products is removed from the afterburning chamber into the nozzle of combustion products discharge. The discharge of the second flow of combustion products from the afterburning chamber is carried out into a bypass, with subsequent removal of combustion products from the bypass into the nozzle of combustion products discharge and additional air supply into the second flow. Also composition and temperature of combustion products that are inside the nozzle of combustion products discharge, are monitored. |
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General-purpose vacuum atmospheric deaeration plant Deaeration plant includes a deaerated water storage tank, centrifugal vortex deaerator CVD, (the first deaeration stage), drip deaerator DD (the second deaeration stage), and a surface or contact deaerated water heater). A steam line supplying heating steam to CVD, contact vapour condenser (CVC), and a cooling water collection tank (CWT). A new feature of the plant design is that centrifugal vortex ejector - CVE in pair with a cyclone-separator is used as a contact vapour condenser CVC. |
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Thermal power boiler is proposed, which includes a furnace enveloped with two short side walls, two long side walls, flue gas ducts located above the furnace, a rear pass and a supporting structure; at that, the same supporting structure includes a fixed load-carrying structure supported from below; at that, the above load-carrying structure includes multiple vertical posts and the main parallel supporting beams supported with vertical posts, and a suspension structure, by means of which the furnace is suspended to the load-carrying structure, the main supporting beams and flue gas ducts and flue gas ducts located above the furnace are parallel to each other and parallel to short side walls; at that, the main supporting beams are located at least partially between flue gas ducts passing on the furnace roof. |
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Below water level in the lower section of the external cyclone there is an ejector, at the same time condensate is drained along the circuit of condensate drain from the upper section into the specified ejector. Due to water movement in the lower section there is underpressure pulled in the ejector, which results in additional suction of condensate from the condensate drainage circuit, as a result of which condensate may not arrive to the upper section via the condensate drainage circuit. |
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Boiler is equipped with flexible electric heaters of cable or tape type and a reflecting screen, and its outer surface is made with grooves arranged along a helical line, where flexible electric heaters are laid, at the same time grooves for the cable type of electric heaters are made in the form of a semicircumference, and for the tape type they are "П"-shaped. |
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Recycling plant with steam boiler Recycling plant with a steam boiler comprises a steam boiler with forced circulation, which is made in the form of a body, where heating surfaces are located in the form of pipe packages, and a device of heating surface cleaning made of separate cleaning elements, and also a supply and a discharge flues with gates. At the same time the supply flue with a gate is connected to the upper part of the body, and the discharge flue with a gate is connected to the lower part of the body, the plant additionally comprises a chamber of wet cleaning of gases and a tank, between heating surfaces there are elements of heating surface cleaning, which are connected to the tank by a pipeline with a pump, the chamber of wet gas cleaning is installed in the body and is connected with the tank by means of a drainage pipeline with a gate. |
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Steam generation plant of single-circuit nuclear power plant Steam generation plant of a single-circuit nuclear power plant comprises a reactor, a water heating section, a steam superheating section, a turbine, a power generator, a condenser, a condensate pump, a circulating pump, a unit of make-up water supply, a vortex steam generator connected at the inlet to a section of water heating, with its supply in the reheated condition, and at the outlet - to the pipeline of the steam superheating section. By setting of certain fluid parameters at the inlet to the vortex steam generator, the speed of steam bubbles floating in the swirling chamber may be increased at least several times, and thus to increase specific steam production per unit of evaporation mirror surface, which, in its turn, will make it possible to reduce dimensions of the steam generation plant. Transfer of the process of partial water evaporation from the heating zone in the nuclear reactor into the zone of swirled fluid of the vortex steam generator makes it possible to eliminate flow pulsations in the zone of fluid heating, which helps to increase reliability to plant operation. |
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Method for thermal deaeration of water and apparatus for realising said method Inventions can be used at thermal power plants, in boilers, as well as in oil production and petrochemical industry to trap hydrocarbon vapours. The method involves deaeration of water at saturation temperature, removing the gas phase and the formed vapour, controlling the flow of vapour in proportion to the flow of the initial water, condensing the vapour and removing uncondensed gases. At the beginning, concentration of residual gas in the deaerated liquid is determined; the amount of vapour is calculated based on the flow rate of the initial water; flow of the heating medium is controlled based on the given value of vapour and the real value thereof. Optimum flow rate of the heating medium is provided based on a mismatch signal for said values, and a control signal controls the amount of heating medium. The apparatus includes a deaerator (1) with pipes for initial water (2) and vapour (5), as well as the heating medium (3) and deaerated water (4), said pipes being fitted with flow sensors (8, 9), a vapour condensation and gas separation unit (10), a control device (6) on the heating medium (3) pipe, a master controller (7) connected to flow sensors of the initial water (8) and vapour (9) and the control device for flow of the heating medium (6), as well as a vapour condensation and gas separation unit (10), fitted in a cut on the initial water (2) pipe. |
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Heat recovery boiler is characterised by availability to a reactor, to the lower part of which two burners adjoin, and to the side surface of the reactor a horizontal flue adjoins for supply of smoke gases, at the same time smoke gases, which are discharged from the horizontal flue of smoke gases supply, arrive into the zone of active combustion of the reactor, which is arranged in its lower part, a system of heat recovery for smoke gases, which arrive into the reactor of the heat recovery boiler, a nozzle of smoke gases discharge from the reactor, which comprises an additional system of smoke gases heat recovery and at least one smoke exhaust. The heat recovery boiler is also characterised by the fact that it additionally comprises a distributor of smoke gases flow, which arrive from the horizontal flue into the reactor of the heat recovery boiler, at the same time the specified distributor is arranged in the specified zone of active combustion oppositely to the zone of adjacency of the specified horizontal flue to the reactor, as a result of which two mutually crossing vortex flows are generated in the reactor, a circular header, which adjoins the horizontal flue of smoke gases supply and comprises additional nozzles for supply of smoke gases into the reactor, which adjoining to the side surface of the reactor so that smoke gases arrive from the circular header into the zone of active combustion of the reactor along with the movement of both specified vortex flows. |
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Steam generator plant comprises a water heating boiler, a centrifugal steam separator connected with the boiler with the help of pipelines of treated and reheated water, a circulating pump installed in the pipeline of treated water, a blowdown cooler communicated with the steam separator with the help of a blowdown pipeline, and a feed pump connected via a blowdown cooler with the help of the source water pipeline to the treated water pipeline. It is equipped with an exhaust gas wasteheat exchanger connected with the boiler with the help of the exhaust gas pipeline and arranged in the source water pipeline, connected to the treated water pipeline between the circulating pump and the boiler and equipped with a supply controller. |
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Steam and water heater comprises a vertical body, inside of which there are tube bundles installed, connected by a tubular space to a central header of heated water. In the upper end wall of the body there is a steam supply hole. The heater is equipped with a diffuser, formed by a socket connected to a steam-supply hole, and a deflector shield with a central solid part and a peripheral perforated part. The central solid part of the deflector shield is located above the central header. In the diffuser there are guide partitions installed to form channels directed towards appropriate tube bundles. |
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Steam and water heater comprises a vertical vessel with at least one drop channel for condensed steam. In the lower part of the drop channel there is a perforated header installed transversely to longitudinal sections of a tube bundle for collection and drain of non-condensed gases, as well as at least one header for collection and drain of non-condensed gases arranged longitudinally to transverse sections of a tube bundle. Headers for collection and drain of non-condensed gases are equipped with an umbrella arranged above and are made with suction holes. |
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Bundles of tubular screens are installed in a body to form at least one receiving chamber. Each receiving chamber is arranged between appropriate adjacent bundles of tubular screens opposite to a nozzle of additional condensate supply fixed in the side wall of the body. In the receiving chamber there is a deflector shield installed, the medium section of which is installed opposite to the additional condensate supply nozzle, and edge vertical sections of the deflector shield are made as bent towards each other. Additional condensate is supplied into receiving chambers along nozzles from equipment, pressure in which is higher than in the considered steam and water heater. Downstream the supply nozzle the additional condensate, while expanding, arrives to the medium section of the deflector shield, where it partially suppresses its kinetic energy and is divided into two flows of more moderate head. By edge sections these flows are partially thrown to a flow of additional condensate leaving the nozzle and partially mixed in opposite jets. |
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Condensation boiler plant (versions) Condensation boiler plant includes a steam boiler with main and bypass gas ducts, a water economiser (WE), a condensation heat-exchanger-heat recovery boiler of combustion products heat (CHEHR), a smoke exhaust and a stack, and also a surface heat exchanger (HE), a thermal feedwater deaerator (DA) with a nozzle of flash steam discharge into the main gas duct, a contact heat-exchanger-humidifier of blow air (AH), connected to the DA, a surface heat-exchanger-heat recovery boiler of fuel combustion products (HEHR), installed upstream the CHEHR, and an absorption lithium bromide heat pump (ALBP), the evaporator of which with the CHEHR and HEHR create a circulation circuit of cooling medium. |
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Heat exchanger comprises vertical screens arranged longitudinally in a cylindrical vessel and made of pipes connected to a distributing chamber, a relief chamber and a collecting chamber of a central header. Pipes of vertical screens are made in plan as bent in direction from the header to the vessel. The heat exchanger also comprises vertical suspensions of screens arranged in the cross section of the vessel in a circular row, and an upper support ring arranged above screens in alignment with the central header and hingedly joined with the upper sections of the suspensions. Under the screens in alignment with the central header there is a lower support ring installed with guides for lower sections of suspensions. Each guide is fixed on the lower support ring with the possibility of vertical and radial displacement of the lower section of the appropriate suspension relative to the lower support ring. |
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Superheated water deaerator includes a housing with a deaerated water supply connection pipe, deaerated water and vented steam discharge connection pipes and a nozzle of variable cross-section. The nozzle is arranged at the deaerated water supply connection pipe outlet. The nozzle consists of in-series located confuser, cylindrical and diffuser sections. In addition, superheated water deaerator is equipped with a stepped Eiffel chamber arranged between confuser section of the nozzle of variable cross-section and the deaerator housing. |
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Jet apparatus for steam generator pgv-1000 Jet apparatus comprises a casing made as cylindrical, installed vertically in a drop channel of a steam generator and connected with a lower part to a guide deflector, a cylindrical nozzle sunk for the half of its length into the upper part of the casing to create a circular gap between the cylindrical nozzle and the casing for supply of steam generator feedwater into the casing from the area under a perforated sheet, narrowing channels arranged inside walls of the cylindrical nozzle and connected via supply tubes with a distributing header with the possibility of feedwater supply from narrowing channels into the casing at the angle of 75 degrees to the vertical line, at the same time the upper cut of the cylindrical nozzle is connected with the perforated sheet, which lets through the steam generator feedwater from the area above the perforated sheet into the upper part of the cylindrical nozzle and further into the casing. |
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Method to clean surfaces of steam generator heating Frequency of pulsations and phase shift is measured between readings of sensors that record an integral radiant flux, which characterises slagging of surfaces in selected points, and treatment facilities are switched on or off with account of the latter. According to the invention, frequency of pulsations is measured as higher or equal to time constant of blown and non-blown sensors, at the frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude of its oscillations, and also phase shift of oscillations data recorded by blown and non-blown sensors, and then, using this data and the value of temperature conductivity, they calculate thickness of ash deposits according to the specified ratio. |
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Thermal deaerator includes a deaeration column installed on a deaerator tank with a low-discharge water-distribution device installed in it - a jet nozzle, arranged in the form of two coaxially installed bodies one inside the other, the external of which has output holes, and the internal one is equipped with a nozzle for water supply and a hole in its lower part, which is below output holes of the external body. |
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Method and device to control steam temperature for steam power plant Method to control steam temperature for a steam power plant, in which a state controller for generation of the specified steam temperature sends several steam states along feedback as a control action in a reheater for reheating of steam with the help of an observer, which calculates these states, and the specified steam temperature is sent to another controller for temperature adjustment. The state controller is a linear and square-law controller. Also a device for method realisation is described. |
Another patent 2513838.