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Method of obtaining composite particles Invention relates to method of obtaining composite particles, which consists in condensation of one or several silicon compounds of general formula (RO)nSiR1 4-n (1), in which R stands for optionally substituted alkyl or aryl residue with 1-20 carbon atoms or hydrogen atom, R1 stands for optionally substituted hydrocarbon residue or hydrogen atom and n stands for number from 1 to 4, or one or several products of its condensation in presence of solvent or mixture of solvents and one or several soluble polymers. As soluble polymers used are polymers of vinyl esters with 6-15 wt % of ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acids and optionally 0.3-2 wt % of ethylene unsaturated silanes, polymers of vinyl esters with 0.3-2 wt % of ethylene unsaturated silanes, polymers of (met) acrylates with 6-15 wt % of ethylene unsaturated carboxylic acids and optionally 0.3-2 wt % of ethylene unsaturated silanes or polymers of (met)acrylates with 0.3-2 wt % of ethylene unsaturated silanes. Soluble polymers at temperature within the range from 1 to 100°C and at pH within the range from 2 to 12 are soluble in amount at least 1 g per litre of solvent or mixture of solvents. Thereof obtained products of condensation of silicon compounds are fixed on one or several soluble polymers. |
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Method of producing synthetic latex Invention relates to a method of producing synthetic latex from rubber. The method comprises steps of: (a) emulsifying a binding substance containing rubber, which is dissolved in a suitable organic solvent, together with an aqueous surfactant solution to form an oil-in-water emulsion; (b) step-by-step reduction of content of solvent in the oil-in-water emulsion in two or more steps, resulting in formation of synthetic latex. Also described is a reactor with continuous mixing for removing the organic solvent from the oil-in-water emulsion, which contains rubber dissolved in the organic solvent. |
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Carbon-containing materials, obtained from latex Claimed is carbon-containing material, obtained by pyrolysis of xarogel from hydrophilic polymer of polyhydroxybenzol/formaldehyde type and nitrogen-containing latex. Polymer and latex are co-crosslinked. Material represents carbon monolith, containing from 0.1 to 20% of graphite by weight of total material weight. Material contains system of pores, at least, 10% of which are mesopores, with pore volume constituting from 0.4 to 1 cm3/g. Material is characterised by presence of, at least, 3 successive characteristic peaks in the spectrum of X-ray diffraction. Claimed are: method of material obtaining and gel for its obtaining. Claimed material is used for production of electrodes and as filling agent in production of electric current-conducting components. |
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Invention relates to the technology of producing multilayer films which absorb oxygen and articles made from said films, having a coating with a well dispersed oxygen absorbent. The oxygen-absorbing composition contains iron powder particles with mean size of 1-25 mcm with a coating of at least one activating and oxidising powdered compound in form of solid organic and inorganic salts of alkali and alkali-earth metals, such as sodium chloride and sodium bisulphite. The particles are dispersed in a polymer resin by extrusion in a double-auger mixer. The composition is mixed with polymer granules in a solid state before melting. Granules of the polymer resin and iron powder with coating are preferably treated with a surfactant in dry state to ensure good dispersion. The extruded molten composition is granulated and kept in dry state to prevent premature activation. |
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Invention relates to a sizing composition for glass fibres, particularly meant for reinforcing organic and/or inorganic matrices, the obtained glass fibres as well as composite materials containing said glass fibres. The sizing composition for glass fibres in form of a physical gel contains the following, wt %: 0.1-5 of at least one texturising agent selected from xanthanes, guar gum and succinoglycans; 2-8 of at least one film-forming agent; 0.1-8 of at least one compound selected from a group consisting of plasticisers, surfactants and dispersants; 0.1-4 of at least one binder; 0-6 of at least one additive. The subject of the invention is also glass fibres coated with said sizing composition and composite materials containing an organic or inorganic material which is reinforced with said glass fibres. |
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Method to produce synthetic latex Method includes the following stages: (a) grinding of latex, as a result of which granules are produced with shorter time of dissolution; (b) production of paste, where granules from the stage (a) are dissolved in a suitable hydrocarbon dissolvent; (c) production of water soap solution; (d) emulsification of paste produced at the stage (b), using the water soap solution produced at the stage (c), to form oil emulsion in water; (e) removal of the hydrocarbon dissolvent to produce water emulsion of rubber, and possibly (f) concentration of emulsion with formation of synthetic latex with higher content of solid substances. At the same time at the stage (a) grinding is carried out using a grinder and/or a granulator, and soap is used as a process additive. |
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Method involves a step for obtaining a resin, having a tertiary amine salt group by reacting a tertiary amine with diisocyanate in a solvent followed by neutralisation of the obtained mixture with acid. Further, the resin reacts with polyepoxy resin. The obtained polyepoxy resin containing the quaternary amine salt group is dispersed in a dispersion medium. The polyepoxy resin then reacts with a diamine and the obtained mixture is neutralised with acid. The obtained aqueous dispersion of cationic microgel is used in an electrodeposition coating composition. Fluidity during hardening of the coating layer is controlled. |
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Aqueous agent for applying coating, preparation method and use thereof Present invention relates to a method of preparing an aqueous agent for applying coating, as well as an aqueous agent obtained using said method, and use thereof as binder in single-component (1K)-systems and a two-component (2K)-system, and for obtaining a coating on soaking substrates. The method involves the following: (I) polyurethane dispersion which is free from solvent and N-methylpyrrolidone is prepared, where the solvent free dispersion is a dispersion containing 0.9 wt % or less solvent, and the polyurethane dispersion (I) is simultaneously or separately mixed with (II) 1-7 wt % monohydroxyl-functional ethylene- or propyleneglycol ester, as well as (III) other lacquer additives. Wherein I.1) at the first step a NCO-prepolymer solution is obtained in a solvent with concentration of 66-98 wt %, where the solvent has boiling point lower than 100°C at nominal pressure, by reacting: (a) one or more polyisocyanates, (b) one or more polyols with average molecular weight Mn 500-6000, (c) one or more polyols with average molecular weight Mn 62-500, (d) one or more compounds containing a ion group or capable of forming an ion group and the NCO-prepolymer is free from a non-ionic hydrophilisising agent; I.2) at the second step the NCO-prepolymer I.1) is dispersed in water, where before, during or after dispersion, ion groups are at least partially neutralised; I.3) at the third step the chain is elongated by (e) one or more polyamines with average molecular weight Mn less than 500; and l.4) at the fourth step, the solvent is completely removed by distillation. |
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Disclosed is an aqueous polyurethane dispersion which does not contain N-methylpyrrolidone and solvents and contains a product of reaction of a mixture of 1-isocyanate-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatemethylcyclohexane and 4,4'-diisocyanatedicyclohexylmethane, one or more polyols with average molecular weight of 500-3000, one or more compounds with at least one OH- or NH- functional group, which contain a carboxyl and/or carboxylate group, where at least 50 mol % acid incorporated in the overall resin consists of dimethylol propionic acid, one or more polyols and/or polyamines with average molecular weight less than 500 and, if necessary, one or more monoalcohols and/or monoamines, as well as preparation method thereof and use thereof as an agent for coatings having good resistance characteristics. |
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Biologically compatible gel thickened with cross-linked polymer Invention relates to a method of producing biologically compatible gel which is thickened with cross-linked polymer by cross-linking a given amount of at least one biologically compatible natural polymer in a solution by adding a defined amount of cross-linking agent, an additional amount of polymer with molecular weight over 500000 dalton in a solution, in which the reaction mixture is diluted to reduce concentration of polymer in the solution, and the cross-linking reaction is stopped by removing the cross-linking agent. |
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Thermoplastic gel composition transformed in thermoactive gel under action of radiation Thermoplastic gel composition which can be cured under the action of radiation includes: (a) approximately from 5 to 40 wt % of cured block-copolymer selected from the group consisting from compounds of formula (II) or (III) or (IV), whereat A is vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon block with molecular mass from 4000 to 30000, HD is hydrogenated conjugated diene block with molecular mass from 10000 to 100000, Y is multifunctional binding agent, UD is conjugated diene block with molecular mass from 1000 to 80000 or conjugated diene block with molecular mass from 1000 to 80000 which is partially hydrogenated, x is integer number from 1 to 20, y is equal to 0 or 1, z is integer number from 1 to 20 and in the formulas (II) and (III) the sum (x+z) is in the range from 2 to 30; (b) from 60 to 90 wt % of the liquid component selected from the filling oils, plasticisers and solvents compatible with the curable copolymer; (c) from 1 to 20 wt % at least one curative agent selected from bifunctional or multifunctional acrylate or metaacrylate monomers or vinyl ethers; d) optionally from 0 to 10 wt % of the expanding microspheres; and (e) optionally from 0 to 3 wt % of the photoinitiator whereat total component amount is equal 100 wt %. The thermoreactive article containing the thermoplastic gel composition subjected to the action of radiation is described as well as the thermoplastic gel composition which can be cured under the action of radiation and includes: (a) from 5 to 40 % w/w of the mixture of curable block-copolymer with formula (I) whereat S is polystyrol block, B is polybutadiene polymer block having the content of 1,2-vinyl groups in the range from 10 to 80 mole %, Y is the radical of the binding agent, x is integer number from 1 to 20, preferably 2, y - integer number from 0 to 20, preferably 2, with sum (x+y) being in the range from 2 to 30; and block-copolymer of the (polystyrol -hydrogenated polybutadiene -polystyrol ) type with ratio (block-copolymer of formula (I): (block-copolymer of (polystyrol -hydrogenated polybutadiene -polystyrol ) type being in the range from 3:1 to 1:3; (b) from 60 to 90 wt % of the liquid component selected from the filling oils, plasticisers and solvents compatible with the curable copolymer; (c) from 1 to 20 wt % of at least one curative agent selected from bifunctional or multifunctional acrylate or metaacrylate monomers or vinyl ethers; (d) from 0.1 to 10 wt % of expanding microspheres; and (e) from 0 to 3 wt % of photoinitiator whereat total component amount is equal 100 wt %. |
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In accordance to suggested method for forming alginate gel with its simultaneous holding on the surface of solid phase, alginate gel is formed on the surface of solid phase which contains metal oxide with free valences, in presence of polyamine connection. Current method is used in the method for producing a cellular microchip. Cellular microchip is produced by forming and holding micro-cells of gel, containing immobilized cells, on the surface of the solid phase. |
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Invention relates to a process of preparing gel-like cationites for use in treatment and purification processes. Gel-like cationites are prepared by inoculating-incoming process wherein (a) aqueous suspension of microcapsulated cross-linked styrene polymer in the form of granules and containing cross-linking agent is provided as inoculating polymer; (b) inoculating polymer is left to swell in monomer mixture composed of vinyl monomer, cross-linking agent, and radical initiator, namely peracid aliphatic ester; (c) monomer mixture is polymerized in inoculating polymer; and (d)resulting copolymer is functionalized via sulfatization. Process is characterized by that, in step (a), content of cross-linking agent in cross-linked styrene copolymer amounts to 3.5-7 wt % and inoculum-to-income ratio in step (b) amounts to 1:(0.25-1.5). |
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Invention aims at purifying thermally processed tetrafluoroethylene copolymers so that the latter acquire high optical properties. Method of invention resides in that polymeric latex of thermally processed tetrafluoroethylene copolymers prepared via polymerization in dispersion or in water emulsion is converted into gel form by adding, at mechanical stirring, acid electrolyte to achieve pH of medium below 2 and, after which polymeric gel is washed with acidic aqueous solutions or neutral solutions within a pH range between 1 and 7. |
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Filled viscoelastic gel-like composition Claimed composition contains (vol.pts): 0.5-2.0 mass % sodium tetraborate aqueous solution 1-2; 1.0-8.0 mass % polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution 1-5; 1.0-8.0 mass % carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution 1-5 or 1.0-8.0 mass % polyacrylamide aqueous solution 1-2; and filler 1-3. Composition has dynamic viscosity of 642-2467.87 mPa.s; elasticity modulus of 61.12-81.12 N/m2, and adhesion of 53.76-86.79 N/m2. As filler sand with particle size of 0.23-0.5 mm; lavsan or propylene fiber of 70-100 mum in diameter and filament length of 3-6 cm, or Teflon granule at most 1 mm in diameter. Composition of present invention is useful in production of petroleum industry, oil line purification, as anticorrosion, biocide and wear resistant coatings. |
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Method of selectively inhibiting gelation of hydrophobically associating substances Invention, in particular, relates to hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymers or complexes of the latter with surfactants and discloses a method for selectively inhibiting gelation of hydrophobically associating gel-forming liquid containing hydrophobically associating water-soluble polymers or complexes of the latter with surfactants. Advantage of invention resides in that, when thus inhibited liquid contacts with a hydrocarbon medium, inhibitory effect is preserved and gelation does not occur and, when liquid contacts with an aqueous medium, inhibitory effect is cancelled and gelation takes place. Inhibitor is selected such that it is well soluble in aqueous media but insoluble in hydrocarbon media, for example ethanol or methanol. Hydrophobically associating substance in associating gel-forming liquid is, in particular, hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymer based on polyacrylamide containing 84.4 or 88.8 mol % acrylamide units, 1.5 mol % n-dodecylacrylamide units, and 14.1 or 9.7 mol % sodium acrylate units. Surfactant used in polymer complexes is, in particular, cetylpyridinium chloride. Invention further discloses associating gel-forming liquid containing 1 to 10% by weight of hydrophobically associating substances and also composition for treating oil well, which comprises associating liquid. Disclosed is also a method for selectively blocking water entry into producing oil well from underground water-bearing formations. Invention can thus be used in oil production to control water inflows in oil-production well allowing restriction of water entry into well without unfavorably affecting oil production process. |
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Aqueous composition comprising chemical microgel bound with aqueous polymer Invention relates to aqueous compositions comprising particles of chemically cross-linked water-soluble or water-dispersed chemical microgel. Invention proposes an aqueous composition comprising particles of chemically cross-linked water-soluble or water-dispersed chemical microgel bound with at least one bridge water-soluble or water-dispersed polymer wherein its chemical composition differs from chemical composition of indicated particles. The amount of chemical microgel particles is from 0.05 to 40% dry mass of the composition mass, and the amount of bridge polymer provides exceeding the viscosity value of the composition by at least three times or preferably it exceeds or equal to 10-fold viscosity value of chemical microgel particles an aqueous solution, and exceeds viscosity value of the bridge polymer an aqueous solution under the same conditions. Also, invention proposes a method for preparing of the claimed an aqueous composition. Proposed composition can be used in the field for mining petroleum and gas deposits, and in manufacturing detergents and cosmetics also. Invention provides enhancing stability of the composition. |
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Controlled-size microgel preparation method Method of preparing controlled-size microgels, which can be used in oil and gas wells to prevent water inflow, consists in introducing polymer and suitable crosslinking agent into porous and permeable medium. Passage and passage velocity of polymer and crosslinking agent are controlled such as to provide crosslinking of polymer to form microgel aggregates in porous and permeable medium and to control sizes of aggregates leaving this medium. Removed solution contains microgel aggregates essentially equal in size. |
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Polymeric composition for production of a cryogel of polyvinyl alcohol The invention is pertaining to the field of production of high-molecular compounds, in particular, to polymeric composition used for production of cryogels on the basis of polyvinyl alcohol. The offered polymeric composition having the interrelated macropores of cryogel of polyvinyl alcohol contains 3-25 mass % of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.001-1 mass % of ionogenic-cationic anionic either amphoteric or nonionogenic surface active agent and water (up to 100 mass %). In the process of the cryogenic treatment of the indicated polymeric compositions produce a macroporous cryogel with the size of interrelated macropores from 2 up to 10 microns, The macroporous cryogel may be efficiently used in the capacity of a biomedical application material. |
Another patent 2513654.