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Invention relates to nitrile rubbers and to an aqueous suspension of carboxyl group-containing, completely or partially hydrogenated nitrile rubber. The aqueous suspension of carboxyl group-containing, completely or partially hydrogenated nitrile rubber includes at most 1 pts.wt emulsifier per 100 pts.wt nitrile rubber. The carboxyl group-containing, completely or partially hydrogenated nitrile rubber has in the suspension average particle diameter in the range of 0.01 mcm to 0.9 mcm, measured by dynamic light scattering, or particle diameter d50, determined by laser diffraction at weight-average intensity in the range of 0.01 mcm to 0.9 mcm. |
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Described is method of obtaining highly concentrated water nano-size polyurethane dispersion, which does not contain organic solvent, with concentration of basic substance 30-60%, which represents product of interaction of: A) at least, one polyisocyanate, which contains, at least, two isocyanate groups; B) one or several polyols with molecular weight (MW) from 1000 to 18000, which have, at least, two hydroxyl groups; C) one or several compounds, at least, with two OH-functional groups, which contain, at least, one carboxyl group, which can be transformed fully or partially into carboxyl group in presence of bases; D) possibly one or several polyols and/or glycidyl ethers of polyols with average molecular weight less than 500, which contain 2 or more hydroxyl and/or epoxy groups; E) one or several tertiary amines; F) one or several polyamines, which contain at least one NH2-group. Components (A), (B) and (C) are subjected to simultaneous interaction to degree of conversion of isocyanate groups 70-98%, if necessary component (D) is introduced into reaction mass, with the following complete or partial neutralisation of carboxyl groups of component (C) with component (E), dispersion in water, introduction of component (F); dispersion is heated and exposed at temperature from 20 to 90°C for from one to four hours. Also described are highly concentrated water nano-size polyurethane dispersion, obtained by claimed method, and its application for obtaining coatings for different substrates, especially flexible substrates, hermetics and glues. |
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Processing of biomass of vegetable origin and method of its combustion Invention covers the processing of biomass of vegetable origin for use as a fuel. Said biomass comprises lignocelluloses and microorganisms of natural biomass that can convert saccharides to lactic acid or its salts. Proposed method comprises preparation of suspension by dispersion of said biomass in water-based fluid, holding of said suspension under conditions suitable for aerobic decomposition by microorganisms to get the suspension including processed biomass as a dispersed solid phase and extraction of processed biomass from said suspension and biomass extract. Besides, biomass extract is separated into outlet water flow and water concentrate. Invention discloses the method of processed biomass combustion. |
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Biocompatible, biodegradable porous composite material and method of producing said material Biocompatible, biodegradable porous composite material contains chitosan and hydrosilicate filler in amount of 0.05-10% of the weight of chitosan and has a system of through pores with size of 5-1000 mcm. The method of producing the material involves mixing hydrosilicate filler, which is pre-dispersed in an aqueous medium with pH=5-7 in an ultrasonic field with frequency v=20-100 kHz for 5-60 minutes, with chitosan in an amount which corresponds to its concentration in the solution of 1-4 wt %, the amount of the filler being equal to 0.05-10% of the weight of chitosan; the obtained mixture is then intensely mixed at temperature of 20-50°C for 20-60 minutes; concentrated acetic acid is added in an amount which enables to obtain, in the mixture of the aqueous solution, acetic acid with concentration of 1-3%; the mixture is intensely mixed at temperature of 20-50°C for 20-250 minutes and then cooled to temperature of -5 to -196°C; the solvent is removed in a vacuum; the obtained end material is treated with a neutralising agent, washed with water to pH=5-7 and then dried. |
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Resin dispersion contains: (I) epoxy resin in amount of 30-100 wt % and novolac resin in amount of 0-70 wt % with respect to weight of both resin components, (II) a codispersant based on castor oil ethoxylate, hydrogenated castor oil ethoxylate, alkylphenol ethoxylate, fatty alcohol ethoxylate, oleic acid ethoxylate, oxo alcohol ethoxylate, alkoxylate of fatty alcohol and/or polyvinyl alcohol, in amount of 4-18 wt % with respect to total weight and (III) optionally additional ordinary additives in amount of 0-20 wt % with respect to total weight. |
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Invention relates to wax dispersions in form of nanoparticles, used for hydrophobisation of lignocellulose- and/or cellulose-based materials. The wax dispersion contains water as a continuous phase, an emulsifying agent and wax which forms the dispersed phase. More than 85 wt % of the wax is made up of one or more long-chain hydrocarbons containing more than 20 carbon atoms on average, and the wax has hardening temperature ranging from higher than 40 to 150°C. The dispersed wax in form of solid particles has mean particle diameter from 10 to less than 500 nm. The wax dispersion is obtained by heating a mixture containing water, an emulsifying agent and wax to temperature higher than the melting point of the wax, and the molten wax is emulsified using a dispersant and then cooling to temperature lower than the hardening temperature of the dispersed wax phase. Hydrophobisation of materials is carried out by bringing said materials into contact with said wax dispersion and then pressing the material. |
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Acrylate cross-linked silicone copolymer networks Invention relates to compositions used in cosmetic compounds containing cross-linked silicone copolymers, where the cross links are acrylate oligomers or polymers. The disclosed compositions, which are used cosmetic compounds, contain silicone copolymers, terpolymers and higher-order polymers, which contain polyether-substituted repeating units and epoxy- and oxirane repeating units which react with acrylate compounds in the presence of a free-radical initiator. |
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Cosmetic composition using acrylate cross-linked silicone copolymer Disclosed cosmetic compositions contain silicone copolymers, terpolymers and higher-order polymers, which contain polyether-substituted structural units and epoxy- and oxirane structural units which react with acrylate compounds in the presence of a free-radical initiator. |
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Polyester capable of biological decomposition is used to treat seed grain. It represents a partially aromatic polyester, comprising: A) single acid component, containing a1) from 30 to 95 mole % of at least one aliphatic or at least one cycloaliphatic dicarbonic acid or their derivatives forming polyesters or mixtures from them, a2) from 5 to 70 mole % of at least one aromatic dicarbonic acid or its derivative forming polyesters or mixture of them and B) single diol component from at least one C2- to C12-alkanediol or one C5- to C10-cycloalkanediol or mixture of them. Molar percents of components from a1) to a2) make 100%. Liquid treatment composition includes (1) one partially aromatic polyester capable of biological decomposition, (2) at least one agrochemical active substance suitable to treat seed grain, (3) one dissolvent. Active substance is in the form of solid particles, having size from 0.1 mcm to 10 mcm. Suspension of agrochemical active substance suitable to treat seed grain, in which active substance is in the form of solid particles with size from 0.1 mcm to 10 mcm, is mixed with dispersion of partially aromatic polyester capable of biological decomposition. Seed grain is treated with polyester or composition. |
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Aqueous dispersion contains A) 0.05-10 wt % salts of perfluoropolyester derivatives of dicarboxylic acids of formula T-O-Rt-T, where T = -CF2-COOZ or -CF2CF2-COOZ, Z - Na, K, NH4, R1(R2)(R3)N, R1=R2=alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, R3 = H, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, Rf denotes (per)fluoropolyoxyalkylene chain with number-average molecular weight of 500-10000, and B) 0.01-5 wt % water-dispersible or water-soluble cationogenic polymers with charge density in dry polymer greater than 1 mEq/g. The dispersion is obtained by dispersing 0.05-10 wt % component (A) in water. Cationogenic polymer (B) is slowly added to the obtained dispersion while stirring until achieving weight ratio of (A) to (B) of 1:1-5:1. |
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Method of preparing aqeous dispersion of purified polytetrafluoroethylene Described is a method of preparing an aqueous dispersion of purified polytetrafluoroethylene, which involves passing a crude aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene, containing 10-50 wt % fine particles of polytetrafluoroethylene having average diametre of 0.1-0.5 mcm, 0.05-1.0 wt % salt fluorine-containing carboxylic acid of formula (1) with respect to polytetrafluoroethylene, and 2-20 wt % non-ionic surfactant for formula (2) and/or formula (3) with respect to polytetrafluoroethylene, through a column filled with a weakly basic anion-exchange resin, in ascending direction with linear speed of 0.1-2 mm/s with contact time of 0.2-4 hours with reduction of content of the salt of the fluorine-containing carboxylic acid of formula (1): R1-COOX, where R1 is a C5-9 alkyl group having fluorine atoms instead of 90-100% hydrogen atoms (which can contain 1-2 oxygen atoms of an ether), and X is an ammonium ion; formula (2): R2-O-A-H, where R2 is a C8-18 alkyl group, A is a polyoxyalkylene chain consisting of 5-20 oxyethylene groups and 0-2 oxypropylene groups; formula (3): R3-C6H4-O-B-H, in which R3 is a C4-12 alkyl group, and B is a polyoxyalkylene chain consisting of 5-20 oxyethylene groups. |
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Cationic polymer dispersions, method of producing said dispersions and use therof Present invention relates to water-in-water cationic polymer dispersions. A water-in-water polymer dispersion is described, containing cationic polymer A and at least one dispersant B, characterised by that, the said polymer A is formed from: a1) 1 to 60 wt % of cationic monomers of the type of cationised dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates and a2) 40 to 99 wt % of nonionic monomers, and that said polymeric cationic dispersant B is formed from 100 wt % of cationised dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamides and has average molecular weight Mw from 75000 to 350000 g/mol. Also described is a method of producing said water-in-water polymer dispersions from cationic polymer A and at least one polymeric cationic dispersant B, characterised by that, in the polymerisation reactor, aqueous solution of the polymeric cationic dispersant B with average molecular weight from 75000 to 350000 g/mol is synthesised from 100 wt % cationised dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamides, and a monomer mixture a1) 1 to 60 wt % cationised dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates and a2) 40 to 99 wt % of nonionic monomers, which are combined, with addition of free-radical initiators, and free-radical polymerisation of the monomer mixture is carried out. Also described is use of said water-in-water polymer dispersion as a flocculant in precipitation of solids, preferably in water and treatment of water or waste water purification, in extraction of raw materials, preferably coal, aluminium or petroleum, or as demulsifier in the separation of aqueous mixtures containing oil and/or fat, as a preservative and dehydrating agent in paper production, as thickener, as well as an additive in phytosantitary reagent, optionally together with other biologically active substances as an additive in anti-erosion reagent. |
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Chitosan product, method for its preparing (variants) Invention relates to preparing biologically active chitosan substances and their derivatives. Invention describes a modified chitosan substance showing pH-neutral reaction and plastic structure of chitosan particles as fractal chitosan particles of size of nanofractals from 1 nm, not less, and to 5000 nm, not above, or as cross-linked net-shaped polymer having multiple cavities of size from 1 nm, not less, to 50 nm, not above. Invention describes methods for their preparing. Invention provides high transdermal penetration of chitosan substance and enhanced capacity for administration of medicinal or biologically active substances into chitosan substance. Invention can be used in manufacturing cosmetic, curative-cosmetic, pharmacological preparations, biologically active food supplements and foodstuffs. |
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Invention relates to stabilized form of iron dinitrozyl complexes suitable as nitrogen monoxide donors under physiological conditions. Polymer composition for preparing stabilized form of iron dinitrozyl complex contains iron dinitrozyl complex with thiol ligand (0.1-6.0%), polymeric stabilizer (1-20%), and water. Iron complex is depicted by general formula (RS-)2Fe+(NO+)2, where RS- denotes thiol ligand selected from biogenic thiol group: cystein, homocystein, cysteamine, glutation, coenzyme A, and lipoic acid; and synthetic thiols: N-acetylcystein, N-acetylpenicillamine, dithiotreite, leucyl-seryl-tryptophanyl-cystein). Stabilizer is selected from dextran, maltodextrin, hydroxyethyl-starch, methylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate). Stabilized form of iron dinitrozyl complex is prepared out of above-indicated composition by mixing it, after which composition is frozen at temperature between -10 and -196°C for 0.1-24 h and then subjected to liophilic drying until residual moisture 0.1-2.0%. |
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Method of preparing aqueous dispersion of fluoropolymers Invention relates to a method for removing volatile fluorinated emulsifiers in free acid form from aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion, which method comprises introduction of nonionic emulsifier into said aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion and distillation-mediated removal of volatile fluorinated emulsifier at pH value of aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion below 5 until concentration of volatile emulsifier in dispersion achieves desired value. Invention also discloses a method of preparing aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion, a method of treating substrate and aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion. |
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Polyvinyl alcohol-stabilized re-dispersible powders with tinning ability Invention relates to polyvinyl alcohol-stabilized re-dispersible powders with tinning ability as well as to method of preparing such powders and to employment thereof in building chemistry products, in production of building glues, compositions for finishing, leveling, and Protective coatings, waterproofing suspensions, and solutions for reaming joints and paints. Indicated powders are prepared by drying polyvinyl alcohol-stabilized aqueous dispersions of homo- and copolymers of one or several monomers selected from group including vinyl esters of unbranched or branched alkane-carboxylic acids with 1-18 carbon atoms, (meth)acrylic acid esters with branched or unbranched C1-C15-alcohols, dienes, olefins, vinylaromatic compounds, and vinyl halides in presence of copolymer of (i) one or several monomers selected from group including ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and their anhydrides, in each case with 4-8 carbon atoms, and also salts thereof; (ii) one or several ethylenically unsaturated compounds having sulfonic, sulfate, and phosphate groups, and also salts thereof; and (iii) one or several monomers selected from group including vinyl esters of unbranched or branched alkane-carboxylic acids with 1-18 carbon atoms and (meth)acrylic acid esters with branched or unbranched C1-C15-alcohols; provided that fraction of comonomer (i) units constitutes 10-50 wt %, that of comonomer (ii) units 10-50 wt %, and that of comonomer (iii) units 20-80 wt % based on the total weight of copolymer. |
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Method of selectively inhibiting gelation of hydrophobically associating substances Invention, in particular, relates to hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymers or complexes of the latter with surfactants and discloses a method for selectively inhibiting gelation of hydrophobically associating gel-forming liquid containing hydrophobically associating water-soluble polymers or complexes of the latter with surfactants. Advantage of invention resides in that, when thus inhibited liquid contacts with a hydrocarbon medium, inhibitory effect is preserved and gelation does not occur and, when liquid contacts with an aqueous medium, inhibitory effect is cancelled and gelation takes place. Inhibitor is selected such that it is well soluble in aqueous media but insoluble in hydrocarbon media, for example ethanol or methanol. Hydrophobically associating substance in associating gel-forming liquid is, in particular, hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymer based on polyacrylamide containing 84.4 or 88.8 mol % acrylamide units, 1.5 mol % n-dodecylacrylamide units, and 14.1 or 9.7 mol % sodium acrylate units. Surfactant used in polymer complexes is, in particular, cetylpyridinium chloride. Invention further discloses associating gel-forming liquid containing 1 to 10% by weight of hydrophobically associating substances and also composition for treating oil well, which comprises associating liquid. Disclosed is also a method for selectively blocking water entry into producing oil well from underground water-bearing formations. Invention can thus be used in oil production to control water inflows in oil-production well allowing restriction of water entry into well without unfavorably affecting oil production process. |
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Aqueous composition comprising chemical microgel bound with aqueous polymer Invention relates to aqueous compositions comprising particles of chemically cross-linked water-soluble or water-dispersed chemical microgel. Invention proposes an aqueous composition comprising particles of chemically cross-linked water-soluble or water-dispersed chemical microgel bound with at least one bridge water-soluble or water-dispersed polymer wherein its chemical composition differs from chemical composition of indicated particles. The amount of chemical microgel particles is from 0.05 to 40% dry mass of the composition mass, and the amount of bridge polymer provides exceeding the viscosity value of the composition by at least three times or preferably it exceeds or equal to 10-fold viscosity value of chemical microgel particles an aqueous solution, and exceeds viscosity value of the bridge polymer an aqueous solution under the same conditions. Also, invention proposes a method for preparing of the claimed an aqueous composition. Proposed composition can be used in the field for mining petroleum and gas deposits, and in manufacturing detergents and cosmetics also. Invention provides enhancing stability of the composition. |
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Method of imparting increased chemical resistance to wood substrate Invention relates to a method for applying onto wood substrate coating with increased resistance to effects of chemical products. Method comprises following stages: (i) addition, to aqueous polyatomic alcohol suspension, of composition based on isocyanate(s) and anionic surfactant having hydrophilic portion containing anionic group and lipophilic portion containing hydrocarbon radical, isocyanate(s)-based composition containing no more than 30% surfactant bound to isocyanate group, to form aqueous emulsion of isocyanate(s) and surfactant; (ii) applying resulting mixture onto wood surface of substrate; and (iii) aging to complete reaction of isocyanate(s) with polyatomic alcohol required to form polyurethane coating. |
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Invention provides composition for preparation of gradient hydrogel polymer material based on copolymers of acrylamide and N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide representing following system: (i) mixture of dilute solution containing 2-3% acrylamide, 0.1-0.2% N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide, 0.01% ammonium persulfate, and, as viscosity regulator, 0.5-2.0% glycerol or 1:1 mixture of glycerol and polyvinyl alcohol, each taken in amount 3.5-8.0%, in bidistilled water and (ii) and concentrated solution containing 6-45% acrylamide, 0.6-1.0% N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide, and 0.04% ammonium persulfate in bidistilled water, said dilute solution constituting 75-80% and said concentrated solution 20-25% of the total weight of the system. Components are distributed in gradient manner in final system. Invention also discloses a method of preparing gradient hydrogel polymer material based on above-indicated copolymers and indicated gradient hydrogel polymer material. Value and direction of gradient of modulus of elasticity of hydrogel polymer materials is controlled by concentration of viscosity regulator. |
Another patent 2551053.