Containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring oxygen atoms (C07D303/04)

Nuclear fuel assembly with array of revolving sockets

Invention relates to design of nuclear reactor fuel assemblies. The fuel assembly has support arrays, having soft revolving sockets (28, 30) with a recess (66, 68, 70) in form of a "dog bone" opening and radial draw of the edges (72), perpendicular to the flow of heat carrier. The radial draw allows unobstructed passage of the fuel rod through a rounded edge into the flat section of contact with the socket rod. The symmetrical "dog bone" shape enables the socket to turn when loading the rod, thereby achieving better alignment between the socket and the fuel rod, thus minimising scratching. The "dog bone" shape also provides a socket with a large contact region to increase softness compared to a typical socket.

Method of producing alkylene glycol

Present invention relates to a method of producing alkylene glycol, which can be used as a raw material in production of polyester fibres, polyethylene terephthalate plastic and resins. The method involves the following steps: (a) reacting alkene with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst in a reactor to obtain a gaseous composition containing alkylene oxide, alkene, oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapour; (b) removing water from the gaseous composition; (c) feeding the gaseous composition from step (b) into an alkylene oxide absorber, feeding the spent absorbent into the alkylene oxide absorber, bringing the gaseous composition into contact with the spent absorbent in the alkylene oxide absorber in the presence of one or more catalysts which facilitate carboxylation at temperature ranging from 80 to 250°C, and removing the enriched absorbent from the absorber, where the spent absorbent contains at least 50 wt % alkylene carbonate and less than 10 wt % water, and where the spent absorbent is fed at temperature ranging from higher 60°C to 250°C; (d) feeding a portion of the enriched absorbent from step (c) into one or more hydrolysis reactors, feeding water into one or more hydrolysis reactors, bringing the enriched absorbent into contact with water in the presence of one or more hydrolysis catalysts in one or more hydrolysis reactors and removing the product stream from the one or more hydrolysis reactors; (e) feeding the product stream from step (d) into a dehydrator, removing water and obtaining a dehydrated product stream; and (f) cleaning the dehydrated product stream from step (e) and obtaining a purified alkylene glycol stream.

Producing ethylene oxide using fixed concentration of retardant

Invention relates to versions of a method for controlled oxidation of ethylene to form ethylene oxide, wherein ethylene and oxygen are used along with a silver-based catalyst, a retardant and a co-retardant. When controlling oxidation of ethylene, in order to optimise catalyst properties such as activity and/or selectivity, concentration of the retardant is kept constant within a relatively narrow operating concentration range, and concentration of the co-retardant is varied within a relatively wide operating concentration range. Concentration of the retardant is reduced during the service life of the catalyst.

Method of producing olefin oxides

Invention relates to a method of producing olefin oxides. According to the invention, olefins undergo epoxidation with isopropylene benzene hydroperoxide at temperature 90-120°C in the presence of a molybdenum-containing catalyst obtained by dissolving molybdenum metal in isopropylene benzene hydroperoxide and ethyl alcohol in volume ratio 1:1, into which a Mannich base is added with molar ratio of molybdenum to Mannich base equal to (0.2-0.5).

Method for synthesis of 3,4-epoxycarane from 3-carane with simultaneous production of 3-caren-5-one and 3-carene-2,5-dione

Invention relates to a method for synthesis of 3,4-epoxycarane of formula I

Method for synthesis of bicyclo[3,1,0]hexane derivatives and intermediate compound to this end

Present invention relates to methods for synthesis of bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane derivatives, used as mGIuR agonists having formulae ,

Substituted cycloalkene derivatives

Invention relates to novel substituted cycloalkene derivatives of formula (I) in which X and Y are a group, in which X and Y together with a carbon atom on ring B to which they are bonded form a ring A, X and Y together represent a ring B substitute, or each of X and Y is a hydrogen atom.

Method of producing ethylene oxide

Invention relates to a method of producing ethylene oxide by bringing a mixture fed into an epoxidation reactor, which may contain ethylene, oxygen, carbon dioxide and water in a defined concentration, into contact with a highly selective epoxidation catalyst containing a promoter amount of rhenium. Contacting the mixture fed into the epoxidation reactor is done under epoxidation reaction conditions at reaction temperature below 260°C. The said mixture contains carbon dioxide in concentration less than 2 mol % of the entire mixture and concentration of water in the mixture of at most 1.5 mol % of the entire mixture. Observation of the combination of the said conditions for carrying out the epoxidation process improves operational properties of the epoxidation catalyst, for example increased stability, selectivity and activity of the catalyst.

Novel water hydrogen peroxide solutions

Claimed is water solution of hydrogen peroxide, suitable for olefine epoxidation, which includes: I) in total less than 50 wt fraction/mln of alkaline metals, alkaline-earth metals or their combinations irrespective of whether said alkaline or alkaline-earth metals are in catione-active or complex form; II) in total at least 50 wt fraction/mln of amines, which have pkb value less than 4.5, or respective protonated compounds; and III) in total at least 100 wt fraction/mln anions or compounds, which are able to dissociate with anion formation, according to which values in wt fraction/mln are given in terms of hydrogen peroxide weight. Claimed is method of obtaining hydrogen peroxide solution. Claimed is application of water solution of hydrogen peroxide.

Method of molecular ethylene oxidation

According to the present invention, ethylene is oxidised in contact with mix of heterogeneous catalyst in particles and solid inert substance in particles, treated with alkali metal, in oxidation conditions.

Method of perfecting process of producing ethylene oxide

Invention pertains to ethylene oxide and to the method of obtaining 1,2-ethanediol or a simple ether of 1,2-ethanediol, from ethylene oxide, obtained using the proposed method. The process of producing ethylene oxide involves an epoxidation reactor system, containing a volume of a high octane epoxidation catalyst. The method involves replacing part of the volume of the high octane epoxidation catalyst with a volume of highly selective catalyst and modification of the process system so as to provide for initial raw materials of the reactor of the epoxidation system, with low concentration of carbon dioxide.

Method of reduction of (-halogenketones to secondary (-halogenspirits

Method involves a stage of interaction of one or more α-halogenketones with general formula I , where each of "X" independently represents a halogen atom, except fluorine, a hydrogen atom and "Z" represents a halogen atom, except fluorine; with molecular hydrogen in the presence of heterogeneous catalyst, containing a transition metal, where the catalyst is a metallic salt, which is saturated with the catalyst carrier, where the metal consist of iridium, ruthenium or their mixture. The metal catalyses hydrogenation of all carbonyl groups of α-halogenketons to alcohol groups, at temperature from 1° to 200°C and pressure of at least 14 abs. pound/square inch with formation of one or more α-halogenspirits with general formula II . The invention also relates to the method of obtaining epoxides (alternatives), to the method of obtaining epi-halogenhydrine (alternatives) and to the method of obtaining propylene oxide (alternatives).

Method of production of limonene diepoxides

Invention covers production of mixture of stereoisomers of limonene diepoxides (1.2-8.9-diepoxide-p-terpanes) used as resin components or composites for technical purposes, in fine organic synthesis and in perfumes. The method includes epoxidation of double bonds in limonene with diluted hydrogen peroxide in water solution of acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide or methanol at ambient temperature under catalytic action of manganese sulphate mixed with sodium bicarbonate and salicylic acid. Further reaction products are extracted from the reaction mixture with organic solvent, extractant is distilled. Crude epoxide thus obtained undergoes purification by established methods (vacuum distillation or absorption). The method allows to obtain diepoxides mixture with 93-97% purity and yield up to 85%.

Method for epoxidation of olefins

Invention relates to a method for continuous epoxidation of olefins with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst accelerating the epoxidation reaction. Aqueous reaction mixture comprises the following components: (1) olefin; (2) hydrogen peroxide; (3) less 100 ppm of alkaline metals, alkaline-earth metals in ionogenic, complex or covalently bound form, as bases or base cations possessing pH value pkB less 4.5, or their combination, and at least 100 ppm of bases or base cations possessing pH value pkB at least 4.5, or their combination. Values in ppm are given as measure for the total mass of hydrogen peroxide in the reaction mixture.

Method for preparing styrene

Invention relates to a method for synthesis of styrene. At the first step the method involves interaction of ethylbenzene hydroperoxide with propene in the presence of catalyst to yield propylene oxide and 1-phenylethanol followed by separate treatment of reaction flow and removing propylene oxide. At the second step the method involves interaction of 1-phenylethanol-containing distillate with a heterogenous dehydration catalyst at temperature 150-320°C to obtain styrene. Distillate contains 0.30 wt.-%, not above, compounds of molecular mass at least 195 Da. Invention provides decreasing the content of by-side compounds in styrene and to enhance it's the conversion degree.

Propylene epoxidation process

Invention relates to technology of epoxidation of unsaturated compounds with hydrogen peroxide, in particular to production of propylene oxide and propylene glycol. Epoxidation is conducted in presence of organic solvent and catalytically active compound including zeolite catalyst. Product mixture contains propylene oxide, unreacted propylene, and α-hydroperoxypropanols, which are reduced with hydrogen into corresponding propylene glycols. As organic solvent, alcohols, preferably methanol, or their mixtures with water are used. Propylene oxide as well as unreacted propylene and solvent are separated by distillation at column vat temperature below 80°C and residence time less than 4 h. Hydrogenation catalyst is selected from group comprising heterogeneous catalysts containing as active metal Ru, Ni, Co, Pd, and Pt, individually or as two- or more-component mixture on suitable carrier.

Method for preparing 2,10-epoxypinane

Invention relates to a method for synthesis of 2,10-epoxypinane (β-pinene epoxide). Method involves epoxidation of β-pinene double bond with diluted hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution of polar solvents (methanol, N,N-dimethylformamide or acetonitrile) under condition of catalytic effect of manganese sulfate in the presence of sodium hydrocarbonate and salicylic acid. Then epoxide and β-pinene are extracted with aliphatic solvent from the reaction mixture. Polar and aliphatic solvents can be used repeatedly. At final step 2,10-epoxypinane is isolated from crude epoxide by distillation under vacuum with purity degree 95% and the yield 60-70%. Invention provides the development of technological method for synthesis of intermediate compound used in preparing some medicinal, technical and perfume preparations.

Organic hydroperoxide production process

Invention relates to production of alkylaryl hydroperoxides useful as starting material in production of propylene oxide and alkenylaryl. Process of invention comprises following stages: oxidation of alkylaryl compound to form reaction product containing alkylaryl hydroperoxide; contacting at least part of reaction product with basic aqueous solution; separation of hydrocarbon phase containing alkylaryl hydroperoxide from aqueous phase; containing at least part of above hydrocarbon phase with aqueous solution containing waste water, said aqueous solution containing less than 0.2% alkali metal and/or salt (determined as ratio of metal component to total amount of solution); and separation of hydrocarbon phase from aqueous phase. By bringing at least part of above hydrocarbon phase containing alkylaryl hydroperoxide into interaction with propylene and catalyst, alkylaryl hydroxide and propylene oxide are obtained. At least part of propylene oxide is then separated from alkylaryl hydroxide. Dehydration of at least part of alkylaryl hydroxide results in formation of alkenylaryl.

Method and systems for epoxidation of olefin

Invention relates to a method for the epoxidation reaction of olefin. Method involves interaction of the parent olefin-containing raw, oxygen and an agent modifying reaction in the presence of a silver-base catalyst. Agent modifying the reaction presents in the relative amount Q that represents the ratio of effective molar amount of active parts of reaction modifying agent presenting in the parent raw to the effective molar amount of hydrocarbons presenting in the parent raw. Proposed method involves the following steps: interaction in the first stage of process wherein Q values are equal to Q1 and the following interaction in the second step of process wherein the composition of the parent raw differs from composition of the parent raw used in the first step of process and Q value is equal to Q2 wherein value Q2/Q1 = 0.5-1.5. Also, invention relates to a method for synthesis of 1,2-diol or 1,2-diol ether, system for realization of method, the end product and a computer system suitable for using with proposed method.

Method of production of oxirane, installation for its realization and a combined method of production of hydrogen peroxide and oxirane

The invention is dealt with a method of production of hydrogen peroxides and oxiranes. The invention provides for conductance of reaction of olefin with hydrogen peroxide at the presence of a catalyst and organic thinner. At that hydrogen peroxide is present as a water solution of hydrogen peroxide extracted mainly with the help of purified water out of a mixture produced as a result of oxidation at least of one alkylanthrahydroquinone without aftertreatment with a cleansing water and-or purification. The technical result is an increase of an output and selectivity of oxirane.