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Raw material mixture for high-strength fibre-reinforced concrete Raw material mixture for high-strength fibre-reinforced concrete, which includes Portland cement, quartz-fieldspar sand FM = 2.1, reinforcing component, silica-containing additive and water, as reinforcing component contains basalt fibre, obtained by centrifugal-blast method, and as silica-containing additive - nanodisperse powder of silicon dioxide Tarkosil-05, with the following component ratio, wt %: Portland cement - 23.28-27.37; quartz-fieldspar sand FM = 2.1 - 63.37-66.36; basalt fibre - 0.93-1.09; nanodisperse powder of silicon dioxide Tarkosil-05 - 0.12-0.14; water - 9.31-10.95, with application of nanodisperse powder of silicon dioxide Tarkosil-05, preliminarily subjected to processing in ultrasonic disperser together with mixing water for 10 minutes, and Portland cement together with basalt fibre is mixed in vibro-grinder for 45 seconds. |
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Method of obtaining of porous construction material In the method of obtaining of porous construction material based on natural silicon oxide containing raw materials - diatomite, comprising the mixing of diatomite and sodium hydroxide and water until obtaining of silicate mass, its drying, milling and heating up to the buckling temperature in the range from 650 to 900°C with the subsequent cooling of the material down to the ambient temperature, clay or loam is added to silicate mass, the mix is prepared at the following mass ratios: clay or loam to diatomite from 0.053 up to 1.5, sodium hydroxide to the total content of clay or loam and diatomite from 0.08 up to 0.40, the content of water in the mix to the total content of clay or loam, diatomite and sodium hydroxide from 0.1 up to 0.3, and drying of mix is conducted until achievement of constant weight. |
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Raw mix to produce effective foam concrete Raw mix to produce effective foam concrete includes, wt %: portland cement 27.9-34.9, microsilica from dust trap filters of CJSC Kremniy, city of Shelekhov, with chemical composition, wt %: SiO2 - 80.0; SiC - 6.5; Cfree - 8.0; Na2SO4 - 0.8; Al2O3 - 1.6; CaO - 1.0; Fe2O3 - 1.6; MgO - 0.5, 34.9-41.8, foaming agent "Penta Pav 430A". 0.090-0.095, hyperplasticiser "MC-Power-Flow-3100"0.90-0.98, water 29.205-29.23. |
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Composite ceramic material and method for production thereof Composite ceramic material based on synthesized nanopowders contains corundum, tetragonal zirconium dioxide and calcium-cerium hexaaluminate [CeCa]Al12O19, with the following ratio of components, vol %: 63-66 - Al2O13 (corundum), 6-8 - [CeCa]Al12O19 (calcium-cerium hexaaluminate), the balance - tetragonal ZrO2 (Ce-TZP). The method of producing the material includes simultaneous reverse deposition, from a mixture of 1M solutions of zirconium oxychloride, cerium, aluminium and calcium nitrates with ammonia solution in the presence of isobutanol, of nanopowder precursors having the chemical composition (mol %) Al2O3 61-65%, ZrO2 28-34%, CeO2 - 4-5%; CaO 1-2%, heat treatment at 1050-1100°C, deagglomeration, compacting samples and sintering at final temperature of 1600-1630°C, during which a dispersion-strengthening phase of calcium-cerium hexaaluminate ([CeCa]Al12O19) is formed in situ in the form of long prismatic grains. The material has the following properties: density 4.58-4.62 g/cm3, cross-breaking strength σ=900-1000 MPa, crack resistance k1s=10.5-11.5 MPa·m1/2, microhardness H=12-12.5 GPa and modulus of elasticity E=322-324 GPa. |
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Aerogel-based material which is super-insulating at atmospheric pressure Invention relates to solid materials based on a hydrophobic aerogel and organic binder and can be used for thermal insulation of buildings. A solid thermally insulating material, which is free of phyllosilicates, contains: 70 to 98 vol %, preferably 75 to 96 vol %, particularly 80 to 95 vol % hydrophobic quartz aerogel particles having an intrinsic density of 110 to 210 kg/m3, 0.3 to 12 vol %, preferably 0.5 to 9 vol % organic binder formed by at least one organic polymer and at least one surfactant, or at least one amphiphilic organic polymer containing both hydrophilic sequences of links or groups and hydrophobic sequences of links or groups, said volume ratios being determined by image analysis on thin sections of the solid material and being given relative to the total volume of the material, the aerogel particles having a particle size distribution having at least two maxima, the first maximum corresponding to an equivalent diameter (d) of less than 200 mcm, preferably between 25 mcm and 150 mcm and the second maximum corresponding to an equivalent diameter (D) between 400 mcm and 10 mm, preferably between 500 mcm and 5 mm. The invention also relates to a method of producing a solid thermally insulating material from said mixture and a thermally insulating product. |
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Method of controlling quality parameters of bitumen-polymer composition Method comprises, in a standard sample and analysed sample of a bitumen-polymer composition, measuring effective viscosity at temperature t=20°C, t=80°C and t=150°C and shear rate Dr=5.56 s-1, Dr=11.1 s-1 and Dr=16.67 s-1, τ=5.0 s, τ=15.0 s, τ=30.0 s after the beginning of application thereof; and predetermining confidence intervals of relative deviations of the values of effective viscosity of the standard bitumen-polymer composition and a set of quality parameters, which corresponds to the processing instructions for said standard product; the method of determining confidence intervals of relative deviations of the values of effective viscosity Δηef, determined by expert evaluation methods, is reduced in a general form to calculation of its relative change based on a given ratio with subsequent formation of a confidence interval of its deviation for the given production conditions. The value Δηef is calculated based on the obtained experimental values of effective viscosity of the standard bitumen-polymer composition, and control of quality parameters of the analysed bitumen-polymer composition is carried out by comparing values of the obtained relative changes of effective viscosity of the analysed bitumen-polymer composition Δηef with corresponding confidence intervals of relative deviations of the effective viscosity of the standard bitumen-polymer composition, obtained under the same analysis conditions; based on the comparison results, a conclusion is made on the conformity of the analysed bitumen-polymer composition to properties of the standard bitumen-polymer composition, particularly if the obtained values of the relative change of the values of effective viscosity Δηef of the analysed bitumen-polymer composition twice successively enter the corresponding different confidence intervals of its relative change for the standard bitumen-polymer composition for partially or completely different conditions of obtaining initial values of effective viscosity, used to calculate Δηef and form intervals for its confidence deviation for the standard bitumen-polymer composition, the analysed bitumen-polymer composition has a set of physical and mechanical properties which correspond to the process instruction for said product, and is a standard bitumen-polymer composition; if the obtained value of change of effective viscosity Δηef of the analysed bitumen-polymer composition does not enter the available confidence interval of its change for the standard bitumen-polymer composition, a conclusion is made on the non-conformity of the analysed bitumen-polymer composition to properties of the standard bitumen-polymer composition on the set of physical and mechanical properties. |
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Carbon-carbon composite material and method of making articles therefrom Invention is intended for use in chemical, chemical-metallurgical, aviation and space industry. The method includes forming a frame from carbon-carbon composite material (CCCM), filling pores thereof with dispersed carbon filler by growing, in said pores using a catalytic gas-phase method, nanosized carbon in the form of particles, fibres or tubes until achieving content thereof of 3.7-10.9% of the weight of the fibrous frame; saturating with a pyrocarbon matrix using a thermoplastic method with excess methane pressure of 0.025-0.03 kgf/cm2, temperature in the pyrolysis zone of 840-920°C and movement speed thereof of 0.1-0.25 mm/h. The obtained CCCM contains said components in the following amount, wt %: carbon fibre - 38.7-46.1; nanodispersed filler - 1.7-4.2; pyrocarbon matrix - 49.7-59.6; and has density of 1.41-1.55 g/cm3. The nanodispersed carbon filler is contained in both inter-fibre pores of the frame and inter-filament pores of the carbon fibres. |
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Production of articles from ceramic-matrix composites Claimed process comprises the steps that follow. Carcass is made of heat-resistant fibres and partially compacted by carbon-ceramic matrix material with the help of appropriate precursors of carbon and silicon carbide and/or nitride while obtained blank is subjected to siliconising. Directly before siliconising, nano-structured carbon as particles, threads or tubes are formed on the blank material pores. Siliconising is executed by vapour-liquid-phase process with silicon introduction in material pores by capillary condensation of its vapours at temperature higher than that of siliconised blank. |
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Method of making airtight articles from carbon-silicon carbide material Invention relates to carbon-silicon carbide composite materials, designed to operate under high thermal load and in an oxidative environment, and can be used in making space-rocket equipment, which requires air-tightness of articles under excess pressure. The method of making airtight articles from carbon-silicon carbide composite materials includes making a workpiece from porous carbonaceous material, components of which have a near linear coefficient of thermal expansion, and siliconisation of the workpiece using a vapour-liquid phase method at 1700-1850°C. Siliconisation is carried out using a workpiece made of carbon-silicon carbide composite material based on a carbon fibre frame and a carbon matrix, having density of 75-80% of the maximum possible density for said type of material, and siliconisation is carried out in two steps while alternating with feeding carbon into the pores. At the first siliconisation step, silicon is fed into the pores of the workpiece material in amount of 50-70% of the content of the carbon material in the temperature range of 1300-1500°C with temperature of silicon vapour higher than the temperature of the workpiece being siliconised, followed by heating the workpiece to 1750-1800°C and cooling at a temperature higher than the temperature of silicon vapour. After completing step 1, carbon is formed in the pores of the formed carbon-silicon carbide composite material in the form of ultra- and/or nano-dispersed particles, followed by final siliconisation, while performing initial mass-transfer of silicon into the pores of the workpiece material similar to the first step. |
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Method of making thin-wall articles from composite material with gradient properties on thickness Method of making thin-wall articles from composite material with gradient properties on the thickness thereof includes forming a frame of a layered or layered-piercing structure from heat-resistant carbon and/or silicon carbide fibres; packing said frame with carbonaceous matrix material to obtain a workpiece with porosity which varies from the protective layers to the bearing layers of the material of the intended article; filling the open pores of the workpiece material with dispersed carbon and siliconising. When forming the frame, a layer of graphite foil is placed between the protective and bearing layers or 1-2 boundary layers are impregnated with a suspension based on nanodispersed carbon particles. The frame is packed with carbonaceous matrix material as follows: first partially saturating the frame using vacuum isothermic method with pyrocarbon or silicon carbide until content thereof reaches, respectively, 6-10% and 8-15% of the weight of the frame made of carbon fibres and 3.6-6.0% and 4.8-9.0% of the weight of the frame made of silicon carbide fibres; impregnating the frame with a ceramic-forming polymer which is a silicon nitride or carbide precursor, and forming a plastic workpiece. Heat treatment of the workpiece is carried out at 1300-1500°C and atmospheric pressure in a medium of argon or especially pure nitrogen, after which the workpiece is saturated with pyrocarbon via a vacuum isothermic method until open porosity of the material of the bearing layers reaches 6-12% while preventing access to carbonaceous gas on the side of the protective layers of the material. The dispersed carbon used when filling open pores of the obtained workpiece is nanodispersed carbon or a mixture of nanodispersed carbon with finely dispersed carbon with particle size not greater than 3-5 mcm, and siliconisation is carried out via a vapour-liquid-phase method with initial mass-transfer of silicon into the pores of the material via capillary condensation of the vapour thereof at workpiece temperature of 1300-1600°C, reactor pressure not higher than 27 mmHg and silicon vapour temperature higher than workpiece temperature by 100-10 degrees, followed by heating and holding at 1650-1750°C for 1-2 hours. |
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Backfilling composite material Backfilling composite material including cement, plastifying addition, fine filler - wastes of enrichment of wet magnetic separation of ferruginous quartzites with average particle size 75.76 mcm and water, additionally contains rubber powder with average size of particles 222 mcm, at the following ratio of components in wt %: cement - 12.80; said wastes - 62.35; rubber powder - 1.00; superplasticizing agent SP-1 - 0.15; water - rest. |
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Concrete mix contains, wt %: portland cement 25.0-27.0, ash slag filler 35.89-41.87, polyethylene foam crumb with particle size from 10 mm 0.03-0.05, air-entraining extraction-rosin gum 0.06-0.1, haydite sand 8.0-10.0, water 25.0-27.0. |
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Method of obtaining and composition of activated reinforced mineral powder In method of obtaining activated reinforced mineral powder for asphalt concrete mixture mineral component in form of carbonate rock, water-repelling agent - fatty acid with melting temperature not higher than 85°C, reinforcing additive in form of fibres are milled together in centrifugal mill with the following component ratio, wt %: said water-repellent 0.1-5.0; fibres 0.5-15.0; carbonate rock - the remaining part. Activated reinforced mineral powder for asphalt-concrete mixture contains homogenous mixture of milled mineral component in form of carbonate rock, mainly of cubical shape, reinforcing additive in form of loosed fibres and water-repellent in form of fatty acid, uniformly distributed on the surface of mineral component and reinforcing additive, with the following component ratio, wt %: said water-repellent 0.1-5.0, fibres 0.5-15.0; carbonate rock - the remaining part. Invention is developed in dependent items. |
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Method of glazing autoclave wall materials Method of a glazing autoclave wall materials includes half-dry pressing, autoclave processing and plasma fusion of their facial surface by means of plasmotrone, with facial surface of autoclave wall materials being covered with 20-40 vol % water solution of liquid glass and colour glass-powder with mass ratio 1:3 at plasmotrone operation power 9 kW and plasma-generating gas consumption 0.8 m3/h. |
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Porous carbon product and method of its production Invention relates to fabrication of porous carbon articles and can be used in electrodes for fuel cells, super capacitors and electric storage batteries as adsorbents, etc. Proposed method comprises the steps that follow. Fabrication of single-piece pattern from inorganic matrix material with interconnected pores. Said pores of pattern are infiltrated with carbon of carbon precursor that makes the green carcass containing carbon surrounded by matrix material. Green carcass is calcined to produce porous carbon product. The patter is obtained by deposition of ultra disperse powder by feed of hydrolyzing or oxidizing initial compound of matrix material to reaction zone. Here, it is transformed in matrix material particles by hydrolysis or pyrolysis. Note also that matrix material particles are sintered or aggregated particles and make the pattern. |
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Target for ion-plasma sputtering Target for ion-plasma sputtering is made on the basis of metal oxide and contains carbon. Concentration of carbon in target is selected on condition of provision at sputtering temperature of thermal effect from exothermic reaction in oxidation of carbon by metal oxide oxygen and free oxygen in sputtering zone, lower integral heat removal in said zone, and constitutes 0.1-20 at %. Metal oxide is represented by zinc oxide. |
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Method of producing carbon-carbon composite material based on carbon fibre filler and carbon matrix Method of producing carbon composite material based on carbon fibre filler and a carbon matrix includes successive processes for dry layout of a frame based on reinforced filler in the form of fabric made of high-modulus carbon fibre on an holder, mounting the holder with the fabric in a tool for soaking the dry frame by placing in a soaking container and soaking the frame with coal tar and carbonising, followed by soaking the frame with coal tar and carbonising in a sealed container in a high-pressure apparatus, where the pressure transmitting medium used is quartz sand, followed by retrieving workpieces and vacuum graphitisation. The soaking and carbonisation procedures are carried out under pressure and vacuum graphitisation is repeated until a material with density of 1.88-1.91 g/cm3 is obtained. |
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Multilayered proppant and method for obtaining it Invention relates to production of proppants, used in petroleum and gas extraction by method of hydraulic fracturing. Multilayered proppant is obtained on the basis of sintered aluminosilicate raw material in form of granules, with pycnometric density 2.0-3.5 g/cm3 and size 0.2-2.5 mm. Proppant consists of core and two layers - inner and outer, with core consisting of mixture of aluminosilicate raw material and pore-forming agent, inner layer above core consists of mixture of aluminosilicate raw material and mineraliser, outer layer consists of mixture of aluminosilicate raw material and fluorite. in method for obtaining multilayered proppant, including granulation of mixture of aluminosilicate raw material with pore-forming agents, mineralisers and fluorite with addition of binding component in mixer-granulator with rotating at constant rate disc bowl and rotor mixer, rotation rate of which is changed depending on granulation stage, drying at 110-300°C, sieving of dried granules, burning of granules in rotating furnace, sieving burnt granules into marketable fractions, granulation is carried out in three stages: at first stage mixture of aluminosilicate raw material and pore-forming agent is granulated, at second stage mixture of aluminosilicate raw material and mineraliser is granulated, at third stage mixture of aluminosilicate raw material and fluorite is granulated. |
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Invention is referred to manufacturing of new high-temperature superconductive (HTSC) and it allows manufacturing the material featuring superconductivity at temperature of 197 K. This invention can be used widely in power engineering as energy-saving material, in particular it is the most appropriate base for HTSC cables. Upon cooling below temperature of superconductive transition (Ts) a sample of standard composition of Bi-2223 is placed into vacuum (P≤10-6 Torr), and at impact of ambient pressure of P≤10-6 Torr this sample of material Bi-2223 demonstrates properties of superconductive material with transition temperature of 197 K. |
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Raw mix to produce ceramic bricks by method of semidry moulding Raw mix to produce ceramic bricks by semidry moulding method contains clay, pit heap "red", pit heap "black", ground to fraction of not more than 0.63 mm, and water at the following ratio of components, wt %: pit heap "red" 10-64; pit heap "black" 10-64; clay 20-60; water 6-10. |
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Raw mix for ceramic brick manufacturing Invention refers to manufacturing ceramic bricks with a thinning agent and can be used in industrial and civil engineering. A raw mix for ceramic brick manufacturing contains clay and a thinning agent; the thinning agent represents ash having a particle size of no more than 2.5 mm and produced by burning of mixed bark waste and recovered stock, which is sediment of mechanic and biological treatment of pulp and paper waste water in the following ratio, wt %: clay 90-97, the above ash 3-10. The mixed bark waste and recovered stock have the following composition, wt %: bark 50-55, waste wood and saw dust 20-25, woodchips and woodchip waste 10-15, anhydrous recovered stock 10-15. |
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Self-levelling construction mix Invention refers to manufacturing of construction materials, particularly to manufacturing of solid constructions similar self-levelling flour, as well as moulded decorative products. The self-levelling construction mix contains, wt %: Portland cement 12.30-12.71; fine crushed limestone 49.14-49.56; sand 29.41-29.85; fly ash of thermal power plants 0.89-1.03; water - the rest. |
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Liquid-glass composition for gluing building products, includes sodium liquid glass, 30-50% solution of sodium hydroxide, low-calcium TPP fly ash, antifreeze additive and gypsum binding agent and water, Portland cement, modified by plasma-chemical procession, quartz sand, modified by plasma-chemical procession with the following component ratio, wt %: sodium liquid glass - 19-23; 30-50% water solution of sodium hydroxide - 3-4.6; modified Portland cement - 16-24; low calcium fly ash - 29-33; modified quartz sand - 9.5-16; antifreeze additive - 2.8-5; gypsum binding agent - 0.5-0.7; water - the remaining part. |
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Wood-cement mixture for production of heat-insulating and construction building materials Wood-cement mixture contains sawdust with the size not coarser than 10 mm, including 85 wt % of particles with the coarseness from 1 to 5 mm inclusively, and as an inorganic filler the mixture contains wastes of mechanical stone milling in the form of marble particles with the coarseness not larger than 3 mm, including 75-95 wt % of particles with the coarseness from 1 to 2 mm, Portland cement, lime, water, fibre and additives, with the following component ratio, wt %: Portland cement 26-30; sawdust 30-34; lime 2-3; wastes of stone milling in the form of marble particles 4-5; liquid glass 3-6; aluminium sulphate 1-3; polypropylene fibres 0.05-0.2; water 25.95-26.8. |
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Zinc-oxide varistor ceramics contains oxides of zinc, bismuth, antimony, aluminium, cobalt and nickel in quantitative ratio, wt %: ZnO 60.0-85.0, Bi2O3 3.42-9.11, Sb2O3 4.79-12.76, Al2O3 3.18-8.47, Co2O3 2.53-6.74, NiO 1.08-2.92. Oxides of bismuth, antimony, aluminium cobalt and nickel relate as 1.0:1.4:0.93:0.74:0.32. Obtained varistor ceramics has break-down voltage 3.5-4.4 kV/mm and coefficient of non-linearity 40-55. |
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Composition for producing refractory concrete Invention relates to building materials, particularly to the production of refractory concrete (composites) based on chemical binders. The composition for producing refractory concrete contains the following, wt %: carbonate rock chips with grain size of 5-10 mm 25-30, river sand with fineness modulus of 1.68 22-30, H3PO4, wherein the weight ratio of orthophosphoric acid is not less than 85%, 10-12, spent IM-2201 catalyst, containing oxides, wt %: SiO2 - 7.90; Al2O3 - 74.5; Fe2O3 - 0.15; MgO - 0.10; Cr2O3 - 14.8; R2O - 1.57, 10-13, aluminium-containing sludge from caustic etching of aluminium, containing 80% particles with a size smaller than 20 mcm and oxides, wt %: SiO2 - 2.5; Al2O3 - 45.2; Fe2O3 - 1.4; CaO - 1.2; MgO - 5.2; R2O - 9.8; ignition loss - 34.7, 10-13, calcium-containing sludge from treatment of aluminium with carbonate sludge formed from softening water, containing 80% particles with a size smaller than 20 mcm and oxides, wt %: SiO2 - 8.1; Al2O3 - 14.2; Fe2O3 - 0.7; CaO - 27.4; MgO - 8.1; R2O - 1.4; ignition loss - 39.1, 10-15. |
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Cellular fibre-concrete mix includes, wt %: portland cement of grade 500 43, quartz sand with fineness modulus 1.7 8-28, foaming agent "PB-Lux" 1.0, glass fibre with diameter of 15-35 mcm and length of 12-15 mm 2.0, superplasticiser "Polyplast - SP-3" 0.4-0.6, finished hollow glass microspheres of grade MS-VP-A9* with diameter of 20-160 mcm 8-28, water - balance. |
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Thermoerosional coating for carbon-carbonic composite materials Invention relates to machine building, namely to thermal-protective coatings on work blades and guide vanes of power turbines, gas turbines of aviation engines, and augmenter of aviation engines made out of carbon-carbonic composite material. Invention suggest formation on the protected element out of carbon-carbonic composite material of the transient dampening layer comprising two sub-layers: SiC and Al2O3, thickness 10-150 mcm, intermediate layer out of borosilicate glass with thickness 70-100 mcm, and protective layer Al2O3 with thickness 100-150 mcm and porosity 20-30%. |
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Composition for manufacture of heat-resistant composites Composition for manufacture of heat-resistant composites contains the following, wt %: spent catalyst IM-2201 10-13, crushed stone of carbonate rocks with particle size of 5-10 mm 25-30, river sand with fineness modulus 1.68 22-30, H3PO4 10-12, aluminium-containing slurry of alkali etching of aluminium 10-13, calcium-containing slurry of aluminium treatment with carbonate slurry formed after water softening, 10-15. |
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Mineral foamed-fibre heat insulation material Invention relates to construction materials and describes a foamed-fibre material (with density of 0.100-0.500 g/cm3), used for production of construction and furniture structures, walls, ceilings, partitions, heat and sound insulation, heat insulation of domestic and industrial furnaces, electric heating instruments, assemblies having high temperature, pipelines. The mineral foamed-fibre heat insulation material produced by laying of laminating material into a form by means of a film, foil, sheet, soaking it with a composition containing liquid sodium glass with a silicate module 2.0-3.6 and finely ground mineral filler - clay, chalk or table salt, laying of mineral fibre in the form of mat with thickness from 3 to 100 mm, soaking from the top with the specified composition, coating by the laminating material with subsequent heating of the closed form to temperature of 200-400°C for 20-60 minutes with swelling to increase the volume 5-8 times at the following ratio of components, wt %: liquid sodium glass with a silicate module 2.0-3.6 20-79.8, mineral fibre 20-79.8, finely ground mineral filler 0.1-10, laminating material forming the surface 0.1-10. The invention is developed in the invention claim. |
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Ceramic mass for brick manufacturing Ceramic mass for brick manufacturing contains, wt %: clay 79.9-94.0; quartz sand 5.0-20.0; used tickets in the form of a paper shell with a microcircuit enclosed in it ground into particles with surface area of 0.5-1 cm2 0.1-1.0. |
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Composition for sulphur concretes Invention relates to methods of obtaining sulphur concretes for application in manufacturing building constructions and production of construction products, subjected to acid and salt aggression. Composition for sulphur concretes, containing sulphur binding agent and inert filler, is characterised by the fact that sulphur binding agent is obtained by mixing at temperature 135°C in vortex mixing apparatus for 45-60 sec sulphur with addition of black oil in weight ratio 6:1 and spraying ammonia and fumaric acid in amount 200 mg per 1 m3 of sulphur respectively, until homogeneous mixture is obtained, with inert filling agent containing the following fraction composition in wt %: screenings of rubble crushing - fraction 20-10 mm - 10, fraction 10-5 mm - 10, fraction 5-2.5 mm - 10; washed river sand - fraction 2.5-1.25 mm - 10, fraction 1.25-0.63 mm - 15, fraction 0.63-0.315 mm - 15, fraction 0.315-0.071 mm - 15; grinding of washed river sand - fraction 0.071 mm and smaller - 15. To obtain composition sulphur binding agent and inert filler can be used in weight ratio 23:77. |
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Composition for manufacturing of fireproof concretes Composition for manufacturing of fireproof concretes contains, wt %: spent catalyst IM-2201 10-15, crushed carbonate rocks of fraction 5-10 mm 33-40, H3PO4 10-15, dolomite siftings 10-13, sludge formed as a result of aluminium and its alloys etching with concentrated solutions of caustic soda with content, wt %: SiO2 - 4.5; Al2O3 - 78.5; Fe2O3 - 2.9; CaO - 2.5; MgO - 1.1; R2O - 4.1; ignition loss - 6.4, 24-30. |
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Raw mix for ceramic brick manufacture Raw mix contains, wt %: clay 97-90, pulp and paper industry waste - fore-hearth 3-10. The size of fore-hearth particles is no more than 5 mm. The fore-hearth contains wood fibre and active sludge in the ratio, wt %: wood fibre - 84-90, active sludge - 10-16. |
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Procedure for fabrication of composite ceramic items Under procedure for fabrication of composite items including preparation of the initial charge containing mixture of powder of aluminium oxide, threadlike crystals of silicone carbide and paraffin in the following ratio, wt %: aluminium oxide 55-65, threadlike crystals of silicone carbide 25-35, paraffin 8-12, formation by extrusion of the flat blank with orientation in it of the threadlike reinforcing crystals in the direction of extrusion, stripping of the binding substance, and item pressing, flat blank is cut to n≥2 elements as per item shape with different orientation of the threadlike reinforcing crystals, that layer by layer are assembled in the briquette such that in the adjacent layers orientation of the threadlike reinforcing crystals is different. Stripping of the binding substance is performed by heating in the furnace to 100°C with rate not exceeding 5 degrees/min, and hot pressing of the item is performed at temperature 1500-1700°C and pressure 500-600 MPa. |
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Invention relates to the field of construction, namely, to mineral boards for internal finishing of premises, especially for suspended ceilings. A mineral board, comprising the main mat, including mineral fibres, a filler, binding substances, on which after its drying additional coatings are applied, where the main mat includes, wt % of the total mass of dry hard substances of the board: mineral fibres 30-80, as a filler - swollen pearlite 5-40, clay 5-30 and if necessary, calcium carbonate of not more than 20, binding substances, produced from the composition, including, wt %: liquid glass 0.5-15 and/or a thermosetting binder Acrodur 950L 0.5-10, starch 2-11 and, if required, cellulose binder in the form of paper not more than 10, at the same time local concentrations of clay, liquid glass and/or thermosetting binder Acrodur 950L, starch and, if required, cellulose binder in the form of paper, gradually reduce along board thickness in direction from face to rear side of the board, and local density of the board gradually decreases along board thickness in direction from the rear to the face side of the board, and its value on the rear side of the board is not more than 1.2 times exceeds its value on the face side of the board. |
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Disperser for plaster gypsum compositions Invention relates to application of polymer mixture as disperser, in particular as plasticiser for plaster gypsum compositions, in particular for gypsum plasterboards. Polymer mixture contains at least one polymer Pa and at least one polymer Pb, with content of acid in polymer Pa constituting from 1.5 to 4 acid groups per 1 g of polymer, with content of acid in polymer Pb constituting from 0.5 to 1.4 acid groups per 1 g of polymer. |
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Invention relates to a powdered dispersant which contains, as a dispersant component, a combination of (a) at least one polycarboxylic acid ether with weight content of 0.1-20%, (b) at least one polycarboxylic acid ester with weight content of 0-20%, and (c) at least one neutral copolymer with weight content of 0.1-20%, which is obtained via combined spray drying of separate components and which is suitable for controlling fluidity of aqueous chemical construction suspensions. The invention also relates to use of said dispersant. The invention is developed in subclaims. With the dispersants disclosed herein, subsequent dispersant dosing can be achieved without an additional step of the method. |
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Production of non-explosive disintegrator by sintering Invention relates to production of non-explosive limestone-based disintegrating means used for production of natural stone and reduced-impact destruction of construction structures and objects to be withdrawn from service. Non-explosive disintegrator is produced by limestone sintering, limestone being crushed, mixed with crushed solid fuel, pelletised and sintered in appropriate unit. Sintered product is crushed to definite particle size and mixed at preset ratio with cement. Gypsum stone in amount of 1-3 wt % of limestone is added thereto while solid fuel is composed of sulphur oil coke with sulphur content of up to 9%. |
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Method includes first wet grinding glass ceramic to obtain a highly concentrated slurry with density of 2.10-2.13 g/cm3, fineness (residue on a 0.063 mm sieve) of 5.0-7.5% and content of particles with a size smaller than 5 mcm of 30-35%. Workpieces with an arbitrary shape are moulded and subjected to re-treatment in a slurry with density of 2.10-2.14 g/cm3, fineness of 5.5-6.9% and content of particles with a size smaller than 5 mcm of 30-39%. Articles are then moulded and heat treated. |
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Method to produce granulated gypsum Production of granulated gypsum from acid wastes of hydrogen fluoride production, includes neutralisation of the specified wastes and granulation, as a neutralising agent they use carbonates of alkaline metals, the technological process is carried out in the pelletization mode in contact with aqueous solution, with subsequent calibration of finished product by size, grinding and recycling of minus fractions. |
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Refractory product and injection nozzle Refractory product is provided containing refractory particles CaO and refractory particles MgO, that can be used during manufacturing of the injection nozzle for continuous casting of the melted steel. This refractory product contains, based on chemical composition, measured after subjection to heating in non-oxidizing atmosphere at 1000°C, basis CaO and MgO with weight ratio CaO/MgO from 0.1 to 1.5, one or several metal oxides, selected from group comprising B2O3, TiO2, V2O5, P2O5 and SiO2, in total quantity from 0.1 to 5.0 wt %, and free carbon in quantity from 2 to 35 wt %. On each CaO surface of the refractory particles an inorganic film with thickness from 0.1 to 25 mcm is observed, it contains CaO and one or several said metal oxides. |
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Charge to produce a filler includes, wt %: montmorillonite clay 96.5-98.7, dry peat 1.0-3.0, kaolin 0.3-0.5. |
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Charge to produce porous filler Charge to produce a porous filler includes, wt %: montmorillonite clay 98.0-99.9, burning additive - used tickets ground into particles with area of 0.5-1 cm2, in the form of a paper shell with an enclosed microcircuit chip 0.1-2.0. |
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Agglomerate abrasive grain, containing included hollow microspheres Agglomerate abrasive grain with open porosity from 5 to 40 vol% contains multitude of separate abrasive grains, selected from group, which consists of corundum, electrocorundum, sintered corundum, aluminium oxide, zircon, silicon carbide, boron carbide, cubic boron nitride, diamond and their mixtures, incorporated into binding agent matrix. Matrix of binding agent contains aluminosilicate and alkaline silicate, which have molar ratio Al2O3 to SiO2 from 1:2 to 1:20. Agglomerate abrasive grain additionally contains hollow bodies from 5 vol% to 40 vol%, which are incorporated in matrix of binding agent and which provide closed porosity to agglomerate abrasive grain. Sum of closed and open porosity constitutes less than 50 vol% of agglomerate abrasive grain. Method of obtaining agglomerate abrasive grain includes mixing abrasive grains and hollow particles with binding agent from alumosilicate, alkaline silicate and water, drying raw agglomerate abrasive grains at temperature from 80°C to 150°C, sorting to specified granularity of abrasive and solidification at temperature lower than 500°C. |
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Method of making articles from diamond-containing composite materials Invention relates to diamond-containing composite materials which are widely used to make diamond tools: cutters, smoothers, supports, draw plates etc. The method includes preparing moulding material based on ultra-fine diamond powder and a temporary binder, moulding a porous workpiece at room temperature, heating the obtained workpiece to temperature of full removal of volatile substances from the temporary binder and soaking the workpiece with liquid silicon. According to the disclosed engineering solution, soaking with liquid silicon is carried out via capillary condensation of silicon vapour at temperature of 1300-1450°C and reactor pressure of not more than 36 mmHg, wherein the temperature of the silicon vapour is higher than that of the workpiece. In the preferred version of the method, the moulding material is prepared based on diamond powder in a capsule of pyrocarbon. |
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Composition, which contains super-absorbent polymer Group of inventions relates to construction. Texture composition for substrate texturing contains non-setting mineral; super-absorbing polymer, which can absorb at least nearly 50 fold more than its own weight and has particles size approximately 250 microns or less; water, with said texture composition is in fact free of binding material of setting type, with composition hardening at drying, with said texture composition having viscosity approximately from 150 to approximately 800 Brabender units. |
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Ceramic paste for facing tile manufacturing Invention refers to compositions of ceramic pastes, which are applicable for facing tile manufacturing. The ceramic paste for facing tile manufacturing contains, wt %: red-burning clay 63.9-66.0; broken tiles 0.1-1.0; phosphate rock 10.0-13.0; quartz sand 10.0-13.0; pegmatite 10.0-13.0. The manufactured products are dried to max. humidity 6% and burned at temperature 980-1020°C. Further, the tile surface is coated with a layer of transparent (if engobed) or opal glaze, and the tiles are burned once more at temperature 800-900°C. |
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Method of obtaining of low-temperature portland cement clinker Method of obtaining of low-temperature Portland cement clinker by grinding of cement raw materials with addition of the catalyst and subsequent calcination of furnace charge in the calcination furnace, while the catalyst is used Na or K bromide or mix of Ca, Na, K bromides in number of 0.1-15 wt % to initial raw mix, taken in dry form, and at the output from the calcination furnace combustion gases are cooled and purified. |
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Ceramic mixture, which includes floatation wastes from coal beneficiation, opal-cristobalite rock - gaize, used with grinding size of less than 1 mm, further contains gas cleaning dust from electrometallurgical production in a natural finely dispersed state, with the following ratio of components, wt %: said gaize - 42-61; floatation wastes from coal beneficiation - 2-32; gas cleaning dust - 1-7; water - the balance. |
Another patent 2551394.