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Invention relates to treatment of effluents and can be used in aeration tanks, local treatment works, pools for aeration and mixing of effluents. Invention consists of compressed air source composed by blower, two outer and inner cones secured by shins at floating disc. Disc centre has opening for water intake flexible hose to be secured thereat. Said blower secured at outer cone forced air between two cones. Air flows uniformly between two cones to vary its direction from vertical to horizontal. It exits via slot composed by outer cone and water surface to entrap water surface plies and to carry them out from the device at intensive aeration. Water flow formed at pool surface mixes it while, through water intake hose, it lifts deoxygenated water plies from the depth. Thus, the entire water volume in the pools is mixed and aerated. |
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Electrodialysis apparatus with laminar fluid membrane Invention relates to water desalination and can be used for demineralisation of natural waters and effluents by electrodialysis in nuclear power engineering, electronic medical, pharmaceutical industries, etc. electrodialysis apparatus comprises housing accommodating anion and cation membranes arranged between electrodes to separate the housing into three chambers: anode chamber, cathode chamber and initial water chamber, initial water channel and dialysate and concentrate discharge channels. Membranes are made of plies of the fluid of different density and thickness. Note here that cation membrane density is higher than that of initial water while anion membrane density is lower than that of initial water. Anion membrane is made of plies of ethanol and toluene. Cation membrane is made of plies of nitrobenzene and glycerine with nominal thickness of each fluid membrane pile making 40-45 mm. |
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Stabilised biocidal composition Invention relates to biocides. The method involves stabilising an aqueous composition of a phosphonium compound containing arsenic as an impurity by adding an amount of a compound which is effective for stabilisation of arsenic, said compound being selected from a group consisting of ammonia, an ammonium salt, an organic amino acid, a peptide and a polypeptide. The aqueous composition of phosphonium compound containing arsenic as an impurity is stabilised using said method. |
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Upward flow reactor with controlled circulation of biomass Invention may be used for biological cleaning of industrial effluents. Upward flow reactor (1) comprises tank (2), pipelines (31-34), distributor (3) of effluents, flotation separators (10, 20) of reactor (7) water, biomass (8) and biogas (9), collector (4), gas separator (6) for separation of biomass (8) and biogas (90). First flotation separator (10) comprises one or several caps (11) for gas with discharge holes connected with collector (4). Note here that cross-section area of discharge holes (13) is adjusted by movable shields (14). Reactor comprises actuators to drive said movable shields (14, 24). Note also that actuators are equipped with, preferably, hydraulic drives. Mind that reactor (1) incorporates an electronic control. At least one edge area (13) in discharge holes is limited by flexible shell shield connected with fluid pump. |
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Strain of bacteria Exguobacterium mexicanum RNCIM V-11011 is grown, and the suspension is made from it, which is applied in the cryomorphic soil and water environment. It is exposed under the specified parameters from 7 to 60 days and the quantitative content of oil and petroleum products in the test soil and water environment is determined. |
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Method of purifying aqueous solution containing nickel salt from nickel ions Invention relates to biotechnology. Disclosed is a method of purifying an aqueous solution containing a nickel salt from nickel ions. The method involves contacting an aqueous solution containing 20 mg Ni2+/l with 0.2 g suspension of a homogenised culture per 1 l solution. The suspension has the following composition of dominant types of cyanobacteria: Phormidium ambiguum (Jom.), Phormidium boryanum (Kutz.), Leptolyngbya foveolarum (Rabenhor stex Gom), Plectonema boryanum (Gom.f.boryanum). Contacting is carried out for 1-3 hours. |
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Ph stabilising and water colouring agent (versions) PH stabilising and water colouring agent contains glycerine dye, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and tris hydrochloride or hydrochloric acid dissolved in an aqueous solution. |
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Method of producing water with low content of deuterium Method involves electrolysis of distilled water in an electrolysis cell to obtain deuterium-impoverished hydrogen on a gas-diffusion hydrogen cathode of the electrolysis cell, drying the obtained electrolysis gases, feeding the dried gases into a catalytic isotope exchange column to enrich hydrogen with deuterium and impoverish hydrogen with steam by feeding steam into the column from a steam generator which is supplied with distilled water from a feeder. The deuterium-rich hydrogen is fed by counterflow with steam for further ionisation, and the steam-impoverished hydrogen is fed into a condenser for steam condensation and further mineralisation of the deuterium-impoverished water. |
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Device for water disinfection contains a case 1 in the form of a cup with an input 16 and an output 17 branch pieces. A disinfection chamber 2 with an ultraviolet lamp 8 enclosed into a quartz casing 7 is located inside the case. A free cavity for passage of untreated water is formed between the side wall 3 of the disinfection chamber and the case. The disinfection chamber can be made from a polymer material with an internal coating stable to ultraviolet radiation. The edge of the quartz casing of the lamp is connected to the case by means of a holder 9, glued to the casing. |
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Method of water disinfection and assessment of its efficiency Invention relates to the field of biotechnology. Claimed is a method of water disinfection and assessment of its efficiency with respect to an indicator, potentially pathogenic and pathogenic bacteria. The method includes application of water-insoluble heterogeneous sensitisers based on phthalocyanines, inoculated to aminopropyl silica gel. The sensitisers with a positive electric charge, containing in the structure of their active phase aluminium, zinc or silicon phthalocyanines, with a concentration of an active phase 5 mcM/g, are applied. The sensitiser in a concentration of 4-5 g/dm3 is introduced into infected water with its further keeping in darkness with the following illumination with active bubbling of air oxygen. After that, after the sensitiser precipitation water is sampled from the supernatant fluid. Inoculations of disinfected water volume are carried out. A number of grown colonies is calculated. Efficiency of the disinfecting action of the sensitiser is calculated and is evaluated as high if a value is ≥99.99%, medium if the value is from 80.9 to 99.98%, low if the value is <80.9%. |
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Method of biological purification Invention relates to a method of biological purification, which includes supply of water under consideration, containing a component with chemical demand of oxygen, where the component with chemical demand of oxygen represents, at least, one of such substances as phenol, thiocyanate, into a reservoir for biological purification with silt, containing bacteria, capable of decomposing the component with chemical demand of oxygen for its biological purification from the component with chemical demand of oxygen by means of bacteria. Before the supply of water under consideration into the reservoir for biological purification stage of counting total quantity of bacteria in silt is carried out, and in the process of biological purification the quantity of the component with chemical demand of oxygen, supplied at a time unit per one bacterium of bacteria counted at the stage of counting bacteria quantity, is regulated in the specified range, and where silt contains, at least, ammonia-oxidising bacteria, nitrite-oxidising bacteria, phenol-decomposing bacteria and thiocyanate-decomposing bacteria. |
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Invention relates to recycling of semiconductor finishing process waste waters containing suspension. Proposed method comprises filtration step whereat fresh waste water containing said suspension is continuous fed to circulation tank (10). Note here that mixed waste water is continuously withdrawn from said tank (10). Withdrawn waste water is fed via ultrafiltration device (20) and concentrated by water removal to get concentrated waste water. The latter is fed into circulation tank (10) and mixed with tank contents to produced mixed waste water. After filtration stage, concentration is performed whereat addition of fresh waste water to tank (10) is decreased or terminated. Note here that mixed waste water is continuously withdrawn from circulation tank (10) while mixed waste water to be removed is forced through ultrafiltration device (20) to be concentrated therein by removal of fluid to get concentrated waste water. Concentrated waste water is forced into circulation tank (10). |
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Bioreactor with mixing chamber Bioreactor comprises reactor vessel with mixing chamber separated by web from reaction chamber located, mainly, above mixing chamber. Note here that said mixing chamber has incoming flow intake system or incoming flow mix and recycled material. Note also that intake system has discharge opening made in mixing chamber. In compliance with one version, said web has opening that makes a joint between mixing chamber and reaction chamber. Note also that intake system discharge opening is directed to web opening. Mixing chamber incorporates the carcass for reinforcement of mixing chamber. |
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Device and method for sanation and separation of gas accumulation from waters Invention relates to water depletion by gases. It comprises pipe system including one wildcat pipe to receive gas-bearing fluid, one injection pipe to force gas-depleted fluid back and at least two gas traps arranged in the device to create necessary pressure. Note here that said gas trap is connected with wildcat pipe and injection pipe so that fluid from wildcat pipe can be directed via gas trap to injection pipe. Said gas trap can be connected with gas intake device. Note also that said gas traps are vertically spaced apart and spaced from relatively depleted fluid deposit. They are communicated so that fluid lifting in wildcat pipe gets into first gas trap located at the first level of pressure whereat first gas or gas mix is separated. Then, depleted fluid gets into second gas trap at the same pressure level to extract second gas/gas mix. Note here that said first and second pressures differ while separate gas traps can be communicated with one or several gas intake devices. Or, one or several sets of gas traps can be connected with common gas intakes. Besides, this invention covers appropriate methods and application versions. |
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Method of counting oil-oxidising bacteria in sea water Invention relates to microbiology and can be used in monitoring environmental-microbiological investigation of the quality of sea water to determine the amount of oil-oxidising microorganisms. The method involves preparing a mineral medium - bases containing NH4NO3, K2HPO4, KH2PO4, MgSO4, CaCl2, FeCl2, a concentrated solution, agar and distilled water in a given ratio, followed by addition of an oil product in a given amount, said product being bunker oil. Seeding sea water on the surface of the culture medium and incubating the seed for 3-4 hours enables to detect colonies of oil-oxidising bacteria. |
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Method of purifying sewage waters from ions of heavy metals Electric processing of sewage waters from ions of heavy metals is carried out by direct current with current density 6-9 A/m2 and voltage 12 V for 10-15 min; formed sludge, containing ions of heavy metals is lifted to water surface by means of hydrogen bubbles, released on aluminium cathodes, and is removed from water surface. |
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Method of purifying water and water solutions from anions and cations Purification of water and water solutions from anions and cations is carried out by electrolysis by alternating asymmetric current with application of insoluble electrodes, electrolysis process is performed with air barbotage with bubble diameter larger than interelectrode distance with further introduction into solution of complexing agent -bivalent iron salt (FeSO4) with ratio 5:1 with respect to initial concentration of purified ion and further precipitation of solution for 8 days. |
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Filter module contains case, inside which placed are: catalysts on several layers, control unit, including ejector, taps and valve for removal of excess air into atmosphere. Control unit is mounted in cavity of module cavity and is provided with input opening, divided into two openings at output, with built-in ejector, consisting of nozzle and reverse dosing valve, as well as four-way tap with inlet and outlet grooves, located opposite on 180°. |
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Modular system with variable continuous flow for stream treatment Invention relates to removal of organic and inorganic substances present in contaminated streams. Modular system allows the treatment of contaminated stream (CA). Said stream stays or does not stay in oxygen depletion process (0). Aerobic biological process (1) is executed with at least one aeration station for recovery of levels of oxygen dissolved in water (CA). Then, physical-chemical process (2) is carried out and considered to be a flotation process. The latter includes addition of flocculating or coagulating substance to definite section of the stream to be processed to aggregate the suspension particles and to produce large size and high density flakes. The latter define the flocculation pool (F1) downstream of stream flow (CA). Said suspension particles and to produce large size and high density flakes are fed to at least one micro aeration stage (M1) with micro bubbles that defines flotation pool (Fo1) along stream (CA). Here, agglomeration, concentration and compaction of floated materials occur. Besides, removal of concentrated floating material is removed (R) by removal of contaminants and/or materials contained in the stream. Thereafter, biological process (3) with stream (CA) aeration and oxidation is carried out to be followed by physical-chemical process (4). |
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Water purifier based on obtaining melt drinking water includes successively located in one longitudinal vessel 1 zone of water freezing, extrusion of admixtures from ice front and concentration of admixtures in form of brine, transition of water from solid state into liquid state. In zone of freezing installed is circular freezer 1, after which mounted is drive device of longitudinal displacement of frozen rod 3 of water. Disconnecting device 6, after which circular heating element 11 is placed, is located in the centre of frozen rod 3 in zone of extrusion of admixtures. To discharge admixtures in form of brine and melt water separate branch pipes 8, 12, located in the bottom part of longitudinal vessel 1, are installed. Drive device is equipped with additional amplifier of frozen rod 3 travel, made in form of endless belt 15, which passes in the centre of longitudinal vessel 1 through zone of water freezing, zone of extrusion of admixtures, zone of water transition from solid state into liquid and has motion drive. Position of endless belt 15 with respect to longitudinal vessel is provided by means of tension rollers 16, installed outside longitudinal vessel 1. |
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Method of purifying underground waters from boron ions and device for its realisation Method lies in directed laminar movement of purified water, realised under action of constant electric field with potential gradient in the range from 2 to 5 V/cm through reservoir, located at angle from 30° to 45° upward and having pentagonal cross section with inert electrodes located in parallel way. In upper part of reservoir water movement is separated into two flows, first of which, containing water, purified from boron ions, is directed by horizontally placed pipe to consumer, and second one, containing number of boron ions increased in the process of purification, is directed by inclined downward at angle from 15° to 30° pipe of smaller diameter into outlet. Ratio of areas of cross section of horizontally located pipe and pipe of smaller diameter constitutes from 1:10 to 1:3. |
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Installation for electrochemical water activation Installation contains diaphragm electrolyser with vertically located cylindrical and rod electrodes, between which placed is tubular diaphragm from ultrafiltration elastic material, fixed on metal mesh framework of cylindrical shape and separating interelectrode space into two electrode chambers, provided with branch pipes for supply and discharge of water, current source, connected with electrodes, with electrodes being fixed mutually immovably, hermetically and coaxially with diaphragm by means of bushings from dielectric material. On butt ends of metal mesh framework fixed are electrically insulating rings, located with clearance with respect to rod electrode, which is provided with symmetrically placed current-conducting ribs, fixed with metal mesh framework, and electrically insulating rings have slots via which they are connected with ribs, which makes it possible to obtain mesh bearing element under tubular diaphragm, possessing electrode functions. |
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Method of processing organic substrates to gaseous energy sources and fertilisers Invention relates to the field of recycling of organic substrates having no value as a starting material for making commodity products, especially organic fertilisers. For implementing the method, the starting substrate is subjected sequentially to the anaerobic processing with obtaining biogas, the aerobic processing with obtaining easily precipitating biosludge and the oxygen-containing gas, the separation into fractions with obtaining a liquid and a solid fraction, followed by thermal recycling of the solid fraction to obtain ash content and gaseous products. The biosludge thermal energy is used to control temperature mode of the anaerobic processing after its contact with the gaseous products of thermal recycling. The thermal recycling is carried out in the mode of gasification using oxygen-containing gas and to obtain gaseous products in the form of the generator gas. The temperature mode of the anaerobic processing and humidity of the solid fraction is controlled by the thermal energy of the biosludge liquid fraction. The biosludge liquid fraction is then sequentially subjected to additional anaerobic processing and stripping. The resulting ammonia water is used for preparing organic fertilisers. |
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Method of preparing water for irrigation Method of preparing water for irrigation, which comprises processing of the primary water in the cathode chamber of the first diaphragm electrolyser and mixing it with the product of processing the solution in the anode chamber of the second diaphragm electrolyser, at that the primary water is used as the purified fresh water, the solution of phosphoric or nitric acid or their mixture is fed for processing to the anode chamber of the second electrolyser, and the processing in the cathode chamber of the first electrolyser is carried out to a pH of 9.5-10, and the processing in the anode chamber of the second electrolyser is carried out until increase of initial redox potential of the acid solution at 200-400 mV relative the chloride silver reference electrode. |
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Strain of rhodococcus sp-destructor of petroleum hydrocarbons Strain of Rhodococcus sp. is deposited in the All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms under the registration number Ac-2046 D. The strain exhibits high destructive activity against petroleum hydrocarbons included in the composition of oil slurries, as well as against crude oil and black oil fuel. |
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Anaerobic reactor comprises a housing with chambers of hydrolysis and methane fermentation, the device of loading and mixing the substrate in the chambers, the hydraulic valve and the column for enrichment of biogas, divided by partitions into biogas collector and sections filled with immobiliser backfilling. The housing and the column are connected by two pipes, one of which is connected between the outlet of the substrate from the reactor housing and the upper part of the column. The other is connected between the outlet of the biogas from the reactor housing and the lower part of the column. In the reactor a diaphragm electrolyser is mounted. The outlet with the hydrogen gas is connected to the lower part of the column of enrichment. The outlet with the analyte is connected to the entry of the housing into the hydrolysis chamber. The outlet of the electrolyser with the catholyte is connected to the chambers of methane fermentation. The outlet the biogas collector in the column the hydraulic valve is connected. The backfilling in the sections of the column of gas enrichment the fibrous graphite material with a large extended surface is used between the hydraulic water seal at the outlet of biogas from the column of enrichment and the pipe in the lower part of the column the pump is mounted for reblow biogas through it. |
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Cleaning of water and soil of fish pools of organic and inorganic contaminants Invention relates to cleaning of fish pool from organic and inorganic duck wastes and heavy-metal contaminants. Piscicultural combined farms located in the areas of industrial enterprises cultivate fish and ducks. Water macro vegetation is used for water and soil cleaning: reed, cane, water plantain, wild calla arranged in 2-3 m wide strip along water section of duck open-air cage, nearby water feed source. Note here that density of ducks makes some 250 pcs per hec. |
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Liquidation of effluents at gas-hydrodynamic analysis of wells and system to this end Tank is communicated with effluent intake line composed of a pipeline system equipped with check valve Note here that said valve is communicated with the pump Said effluent intake line is equipped with safety valve communicated via pipeline with standby measuring tank Said effluent intake line is connected with one end of coil rigidly secured in horizontal cylindrical casing Walls of the latter, at its top and bottom parts, have openings Second end of aforesaid coil is connected with nozzle located at gas flare plant flame zone Head of said plant is secured at the end of aforesaid cylindrical casing Effluents are accumulated in said tank to be, then, forced by pump via said intake line into coil to be finely sprayed and directed to spray nozzle Note here that said nozzle is located at gas flare plant flame zone. |
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Method of treating cyanide-containing pulp with "active" chlorine Invention can be used at nonferrous metallurgical companies and in the gold mining industry to treat cyanide-containing pulp and waste water formed when processing ore and concentrates and containing minerals in solid phase. To carry out the method, cyanide-containing pulp is treated while stirring with "active" chlorine, which is periodically or continuously fed into the reaction zone. The "active" chlorine is fed such that its concentration in the liquid phase of the pulp does not exceed 10 mg/l and the redox potential is 50-200 mV, and the pulp is held in these conditions for 0.5-3 hours. Treatment is carried out in non-temperature controlled reactors with simultaneous constant and/or pulsed supply of "active" chlorine and an alkaline agent. |
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Method for oil sludge decontamination Invention is related to the method for oil sludge decontamination; it can be used in technology of integrated processing for oil-containing wastes and soils formed, in particular, in result of operation of oil-trunk pipelines. The method for oil sludge decontamination includes receipt of decontaminating compound by removal from oil sludge of heavy fraction containing high-molecular hydrocarbons, mixing of the above fraction with the reagent based on oxides of alkali-earth metals, performance of exothermal reaction with receipt of granules containing high-molecular hydrocarbons and use of the above granules for filtration of water fraction from oil sludge with further decontamination. Granules of decontaminating compound are obtained with high content of high-molecular hydrocarbons in quantity of at least 15-25 wt %; for filtration of water fraction from oil sludge the above granules are used in a mixture with an expanded-clay aggregate; thereafter the granules contaminated after filtration and mixed with the expanded-clay aggregate and remaining fractions of oil sludge are mixed with the reagent based on oxides of alkali-earth metals and reactions of hydratation and carbonisation are performed with receipt of the decontaminated product. |
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Method of purification and installation for sewage water purification Inventions can be used for purification of sewage water, formed in the process of obtaining aromatic carboxylic acids from compounds of heavy metals. To realise the method sewage water is brought into contact with particles of chelating resin, with coefficient of homogeneity 1.4 or lower, with pH of sewage water constituting 5.1-5.9 and rate of sewage water flow being 5-14 m/hour. Value of decrease of adsorption capacity of chelating resin by Cu constitutes 11% a month or less. Regeneration of chelating resin is performed with aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide with concentration from 7.1% to 19% by weight. In preferable versions of method realisation temperature of purifies sewage water constitutes from 51°C to 59°C, adsorption capacity of chelating resin by Cu constitutes 0.5 mmol/ml or more, and regeneration liquid is redirected into the system of oxidation reaction in obtaining aromatic carboxylic acids. |
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Water filter based on obtaining melt drinking water includes zones of water freezing, displacement of admixtures from ice front and concentration of admixtures in form of brine, transfer of water from solid state into liquid, placed successively in one longitudinal vessel 1. Ring freezing chamber 2, after which is drive device 4 of longitudinal travel of frozen water rod 3 mounted, is installed in freezing zone. In zone of displacement of admixtures in center of frozen rod 3 is placed dissociative device 6, after which ring heating element 11 is placed, is located in zone of admixture displacement on the centre of frozen rod 3. Drive device 4 is equipped with additional amplifiers of travel of frozen rod 3, made in form of drive screws 15, placed in longitudinal vessel 1 and passing through zones of water freezing, admixture displacement and water transfer from solid state into liquid one. Position of drive screws 15 relative to longitudinal vessel is provided by bearings of sliding 16, placed outside longitudinal vessel 1. |
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Method of purifying running water from pollutants Method includes contact of ferromagnetic carbon sorbent with water and extraction of pollutant-saturated sorbent by magnetic separation, and as ferromagnetic carbon sorbent applied is iron-carbon composite, which contains 30-60 wt % of iron, milled in presence of surface-active substance to particle size 0.1-1 mcm, obtained mass is suspended in water by ultrasonic processing in mode of cavitation until obtaining aggregative- and sedimentation- stable suspension, which contains 10-30 wt % of composite, which is introduced into water to be purified in such quantity that weight concentration of composite in water to be purified 2-40 times exceeds weight concentration of pollutant. |
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Flotation-filtration plant by kochetov Flotation-filtration plant comprises an intake filter 1, a suction pipeline 2, a check valve 8, a pump unit 3, an ejector 4 connected to a bypass pipeline 5 and installed at the inlet of the pump unit 3, a flotation cell 22 with a filter 29 and a layer of filtering bed 30. A protective grid is installed at the inlet of the ejector 4. The ejector 4 is connected to a two-stage saturator 15, 16. The second saturator stage through the check valve is connected to a distribution manifold 21 by nozzles 20 which are set in the upper part of the flotation cell 22 with the latter comprising a scraper unit 25, a tray 26 and an overflow tube connected to the upper part of the filter while the filter is fitted with a layer of adsorbing filtering bed which is held by a supporting frame 31 and a pressing frame 32. An adsorbent is made as a cylindrical ring with two hemispherical surfaces being fixed on the side surface of the adsorbent opposite each other so that diametral planes of the hemispheres coincide with the upper and lower bases of the cylindrical ring respectively and the vertices of the hemispherical surfaces are turned to each other. |
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Independent plant for biodisposal of water areas polluted with oil and oil-products Plant comprises connected with a horizontal shaft hollow drum with holes on its surface and with a central hollow sealed container with a diameter more than a quarter of the drum diameter. The drum volume free from the container is filled with granules of a nozzle made of a material inert to the action of oil-products with a density less than 1 g/cm3. The plant design provides immersion of the drum for at least half its diameter in the purified water. The plant is made with the ability to rotate the drum due to the energy of waves of the water area. |
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Method for production of soft water for injection into bed Invention relates to production of soft water for injection into bed. The method includes: (a) production of soft water by means of (i) delivery of source water having total dissolved-solids content up to 15000 mg/l and polyvalent cations content more than 40 mg/l to the filter containing a layer of cation-exchange resin in polyvalent cation form; (ii) passage of source water through the layer of cation-exchange resin; (iii) output of soft water for injection from the filter, at that polyvalent cations content in water is up to 40 mg/l; (b) regeneration of cation-exchange resin by means of (i) delivery of regenerant solution to the filter, at that the regenerant solution is represented by natural water with high content of salts, high concentration of monovalent and polyvalent cations so that the softening limit for source water is equal up to 40 mg/l of polyvalent cations where the softening limit is defined as the softening coefficient multiplied by concentration of polyvalent cations in source water (mg/l) and where the softening coefficient is calculated in the following way: (molar concentration of monovalent cations in source water)2/(molar concentration of polyvalent cations in source water) : (molar concentration of monovalent cations in the regenerant solution)2/(molar concentration of polyvalent cations in the regenerant solution). |
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Method of removing anionic surfactants from waste water Waste water is treated with a titanium-aluminium coagulant. The obtained gravitational sediment of the formed suspension is separated from the purified water. The source of the titanium-aluminium coagulant used is waste water from the step of washing isoprene rubber with water from a catalyst based on titanium and aluminium compounds with weight ratio Ti/Al of not less than 0.3. The coagulant dose in terms of titanium and aluminium ions is not less than 50 mg/l of the treated water, and the mixture of waste water and the coagulant is held at pH 4.5-9.0 and temperature of 30-45°C. |
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Multi-section contact reservoir for water ozone treatment (versions) Invention relates to water supply particularly to treatment of water from surface sources by ozone and can be used in municipal water supply decontamination systems. Contact reservoir comprises pressure compartment with water feed system and drain compartment with water discharge system. Besides, it comprises ozone-gas mix feed system, residual ozone destruction and bleed system, gas dispersing elements arranged at contact reservoir bottom and equipped with water flow swirlers composed by centrifugal nozzles. Inlets of the latter are communicated with water feed system to ensure a required water differential pressure at said nozzles. Outlet nozzles composed by circular slots are arranged above perforated surface of gas dispersing elements and in parallel therewith. Nozzle atomisers allow the wash-off by flat water jet of originating ozone-gas mix bubbles of reduced size and increased absorption of ozone by water. Systems to feed untreated water to drain compartment are composed by perforated pipes mounted atop the contact reservoir, level with water level and in parallel one with another, with their one end plugged. Open ends of said pipes are communicated with either pressure or drain compartment. At bottom, nearby dispersing elements as transverse perforated web with its chamber communicated with either pressure or drain compartment, nozzle inlets are communicated with pipes whereto water flows from pressure compartment. Note here that said gas dispersing elements are composed by usual discs arranged regularly in contact tank cross-section to make water passages and servicing sites. In compliance with first version (fig. 1) perforated pipe open end at tank top section is communicated with pressure compartment. Chamber above perforated web is communicated with drain compartment. This version ensures counterflow of water and ozone-gas mix. In compliance with second version (fig. 2), perforated pipe open ends at tank top section are communicated with drain compartment while chamber above perforated web communicates with contact tank pressure compartment. This version ensures cocurrent flows of water and ozone-gas mix. In compliance with both versions, inlets of centrifugal nozzles at gas dispersing elements are communicated with contact tank pressure compartment. |
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Preparation for purification of water and soil from oil pollution and method of obtaining thereof Group of inventions relates to field of biochemistry, ecology, protection of the environment. Claimed is preparation for purification of water and soil from oil pollution, which contains microorganisms, oil destructors, sorbent, cryoprotector - glycerol, microfertilisers - sodium nitrate 0.5% and potassium phosphate 0.5%. As oil destructor, it contains association of oil-oxidising microorganisms: Bacillus subtilis VKM B-81, Pseudomonas spp. VKM B-892, Pseudomonas putida VKM B-1301, Rhodococcus sp. VKM Ac-950, Mycobacterium flavescens VKM Ac-1415 in amount 75-85% of the total number of cells, as well as soil bacteria Agrobacteium radiobacter VKM B-1219 in amount 15-25% of the total number of cells. Sorbent in preparation represents finely-dispersed dehydrated zeolite with size of granules 0.1-0.5 mm, powdered with Aerosil A-300 nanoparticles. Ratio of components in preparation (wt %) is the following: zeolite - 94±1, Aerosil A-300 - 3±0.5, glycerol - 1±0.2, sodium nitrate - 0.5±0.2, potassium phosphate- 0.5±0.2, association of oil-oxidising microorganisms with Agrobacteium radiobacter in efficient quantity 2-3*108 kl/g - 1±0.5. Also claimed is method of preparation obtaining. Assocoation of oil-oxidising bacteria and fraction of soil bacteria are grown separately. After that, two obtained culture liquids are mixed in ratio 75-85% of association of oil-oxidising bacteria of the total quantity of cells and 15-25% of soil bacteria of the total quantity of cells. Suspension is concentrated to concentration 2*1011 kl/ml. Zeolite is preliminarily crushed to granules with size 0.1-0.5 mm, kept in furnace at temperature 250°C to the stage of swelling, cooled to temperature 20°C at humidity 10-12% and mixed with Aerosil A-300. Glycerol, sodium nitrate, potassium phosphate are introduced into concentrated suspension, and after that mixed with zeolite. Obtained zeolite and concentrated suspension are mixed with ratio 9:1. After that process of contact-chemical dehydration is carried out. |
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Electrochemical module cell for processing electrolyte solutions Invention relates to devices for electrochemical processing of water solutions and can be used in processes of electrochemical obtaining of various chemical products by electrolysis of water solutions, in particular mixture of oxidants in electrolysis of water solution of oxides of alkali or alkali earth metals. Module cell, containing cylindrical main and counterelectrode, installed vertically, as well as ceramic diaphragm, placed coaxially to main electrode and separating inter-electrode space into hermetic anode and cathode chambers with devices for supply of processed liquids and discharge of liquids and gases, is additionally provided with upper and lower plugs, and cell contains one or several main vertical electrodes and more than one counterelectrode, with main electrodes being cathodes and counterelectrodes being anodes, and anodes are fixed in upper and lower plugs, diaphragms are fixed either on plugs or on cathodes, and cell is provided with case, on upper and lower parts of which plugs are installed as well. |
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Method of external regeneration of mixed ionite layer Invention can be used in power engineering, nuclear industry, microelectronics, pharmaceutics and other fields of industry, where highly desalted water is required. To realise the method mixture of monodisperse ionites are reloaded from working filter of mixed action into cationite-regenerating filter, pure cationite and anionite are separated from mixture, anionite is loaded out into anionite-regenerating filter and regenerated, cationite is regenerated in cationite-regenerating filter and reloaded into anionite-regenerating filter. Separation of pure cationite and anionite from mixture of ionites is carried out by method of hydraulic separation. As cationites used are particles of monodisperse cationites with size 0.5-0.7 mm, and as anionite particles of monodisperse anionites with size 0.4-0.6 mm. Intermediate layer, containing 70-90% of cationite in H+ - form and 10-30% of anionite in S O 4 − 2 - form, is created in cationite-regenerating filter by processing cationite and calculated amount of waste anionite by passing through them sulfuric acid solution. Intermediate layer constitutes from 1 to 10% of the total volume of loaded ionites and is not loaded out from cationite-regenerating filter when cationite and anionite are. |
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Invention relates to water softening plant. Proposed plant comprises automatically controlled device for mixing the mixed water flow V(t)verschnitt from first softened partial flow V(t)teil1weich and second flow V(t)teil2roh containing initial water. Is includes electronic control device to be tuned by one or several instantaneous measurement magnitudes, defined experimentally, to regular said mixing device so that water hardness of mixed flow V(t)verschnitt is set to predefined rated vale SW. Note here that said control device in some preset working situations ignores at least one or several instantaneous measurement magnitudes to regular said mixing device. Apart, it proceeds from the last significant appropriate measurement magnitude before origination of preset working situation or standard magnitude for appropriate measurement magnitude stored in memory of electric control device. |
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Invention relates to installations for electrochemical processing of water solutions. Plant contains electrochemical reactor, made from flow electrochemical modular cells provided with case, each of which contains one or several vertical cathodes and three or more anodes. Coaxially to each cathode placed is diaphragm, anodes are placed in case between external surfaces of diaphragms and internal walls of case, with one regular polygon with quantity of apexes 3-12 being conditionally inscribed into the plane of transverse section of case, or several tightly packed regular polygons being conditionally inscribed into the plane of transverse section, each of which is either equilateral triangle, or square, or hexagon, and coaxially placed cathodes and diaphragms are placed in the centre of polygon or polygons, and anodes - in apexes of polygon or polygons. Each cell of reactor is provided with cathode circulation contour with capacity in form of heat-exchanger. |
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Invention relates to water treatment plants. Proposed BBC plant comprises prefiltering unit 1, primary cleaning unit 2, decontamination unit and control unit. Additionally, this plant comprises water accumulator connected with prefiltering unit and water feed unit connected with primary cleaning unit and decontamination unit. Said primary cleaning unit 2 is composed by nanofiltration and hyperfiltration devices. |
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Invention relates to treatment of industrial effluents. Treatment of effluents containing organic compounds comprises pre-treatment step whereat effluents 11 with organic compounds are fed into oxygen-free tank 1. Compounds 12 containing nitrogen and phosphorus are added thereto to execute anaerobic biological treatment. Treated water is fed into tank 2 for anaerobic biological treatment. At second step, water is fed into tank 3 for anaerobic biological treatment to discharge thus treated water through solid-liquid phase separator as reprocessed water. At third step, reprocessed water is fed to separator 4 of membrane separation by reverse osmosis to divided pre-processed water into water 16 forced through reverse osmosis membrane and concentrated brine 17. At least a portion of concentrated brine 17 is forced back into oxygen-free tank 1. |
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Composition contains citric acid and a functional additive - polyethylene glycol PEG-800, PEG-1000, PEG-1200, PEG-1500, PEG-1600. The composition further contains tartaric acid, with the following ratio of components, wt %: polyethylene glycol PEG-800, PEG-1000, PEG-1200, PEG-1500, PEG-1600 - 5…10, tartaric acid - 23…46, ammonium, potassium or sodium bicarbonate 8…20, citric acid - the balance. The composition further contains a fragrance, e.g. a natural or identical lemon fragrance, in amount of up to 1 wt %. |
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Method of water activation and device for its realisation Processing of water is realised by hydro-dynamical cavitation - HDC with realisation of mode of volume stream turbulisation, which is generated in passing water through rotor unit of HDC device. Rotor unit of HDC device represents combined construction, which consists of a set from 4 to 15 flat disks, placed at angle from 0° to 15° relative to each other with possibility of regulating disk incline angle value regulation. Each of disks is equipped with 3 or 4 coaxially placed openings, the total area of which is equal to the area of input jet of device. Outlet of water flow into discharge chamber of device takes place through front lid of rotor unit, equipped with 5 openings, located coaxially to rotor axis. Velocity of rotor rotation is equal 2000-4000 rev/min, duration of water processing constitutes 40-160 sec. Plant with HDC device includes cylindrical discharge chamber, inside of which upper said rotor unit is placed. |
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Water reservoir aeration method Water reservoir aeration method involves making holes to allow atmospheric air to reach the water surface. The holes are made on an area with ice cover, which is then raised 5-20 cm from the water surface by pumping water from the water reservoir to the shores or discharging some of the water through a water discharge device. |
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Hydropneumatic aerator with flat-jet aerating plume Invention relates to biological purification of effluents and can be used for aeration in aeration tanks and in flotation cleaning, dressing of minerals, particularly, in pulp aeration devices. Aerator comprises housing, inner web, nozzle to be fitted in said web and provided with aligned spaced apart rectangular cross-section channels to feed fluid and to discharge gas-fluid plume, air feed pipe and fluid discharge pipe. Nozzle inlet channel height-to-width, a:d, varies from 1.5:12 to 6:12. It features similar magnitude of outlet channel height-to-width ratio, b:d. Inlet channel length-to-height, L:h, ratio varies from 22:1.5 to 22:6, similarly, varies the L:b ratio. Air gap length-to-channel total length ratio, l:H, makes 16:60. |
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Membrane module, membrane unit and membrane separator Invention relates to water treatment with the help of membrane module of membrane unit consisting of membrane modules placed one on the other. Membrane module comprises casing to house membrane units. Note here that cross-section of the casing flow channel wherefrom water being cleaned flow is smaller than that wherein said water flows. Note also that every membrane element is a flat membrane. Said casing accommodates water inflow guide to decreased casing flow channel cross-section area Note that said element is arranged so that its surface extends parallel with membrane surface. |
Another patent 2513212.