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Catalyst for obtaining ethylene and method of obtaining ethylene with applying thereof Catalyst contains an active phase, which represents a mixture of cerium oxide (CeO2) and lanthanum oxide (La2O3) or cerium oxide (CeO2) and lanthanum oxide (La2O3), applied on a silicon dioxide carrier (SiO2), and a metal carbide-based inert material, actively absorbing SHF energy, taken in a weight ratio of the active phase and metal carbide (2-4):1, respectively. As metal carbide it contains tungsten, tantalum or niobium carbide. Also claimed is a method of obtaining ethylene by oxidative condensation of methane in the presence of the claimed catalyst. The process is carried out in a flow reactor at atmospheric pressure with contact of a stationary catalyst layer, heated to a temperature of 750-800°C in SHF radiation with power to 45 W, with a flow of a methane-air mixture, with a ratio of CH4/O2 in the range 2-7/1, with a rate of gas raw material supply in the range 40-150 ml/min and a charge of catalyst of 300 mg. |
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Invention relates to composition, based on oxides of zirconium, cerium and at least one rare earth metal element, different from cerium, to method of its obtaining and to its application for purification of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. Composition, based on oxides of zirconium, cerium and at least one rare earth metal element, different from cerium, contains cerium oxide not more than 50 wt % and has after burning at 1000°C for 6 hours maximal temperature of reductability not more than 500°C and specific surface at least 45 m2/g. method of obtaining composition includes carrying out continuous reaction in mixture of compounds of zirconium, cerium and other rare earth metal element, different from cerium with basic compound with time of being in reactor not longer than 100 milliseconds, obtained sediment is heated, and then combined with surface-active substance before burning Catalytic system, containing claimed composition, and method of purification of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines with application of described above composition or catalytic system as catalyst, are described. |
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Catalyst and method of olefin synthesis from dimethyl ether in its presence Catalyst of synthesis of lower olefins from dimethyl ether based on zeolite of pentasil type with molar ratio SiO2/Al2O3=37, which contains not more than 0.04 wt % of sodium oxide, and also contains zirconium oxide and/or lanthanum oxide, binding agent aluminium oxide, and additionally magnesium oxide with the following component ratio, wt %: aluminium oxide - 32.0-34.0, zirconium oxide and/or lanthanum oxide - 0.1-0.5, magnesium oxide - 0.1-2.0, zeolite - the remaining part. Synthesis of lower olefins from raw material mixture, which contains dimethyl ether and inert gas and/or water vapour, is carried out at temperature 320-450°C, atmospheric pressure and mass rate of raw material supply 500-45000 h-1 in presence of said catalyst, non-processed or preliminarily processed with water vapour at temperature 500-750°C. |
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Invention relates to method of obtaining monoalkylated aromatic compound, in which: aromatic raw material and olefin compound are passed into reactor of alkylation, with reactor of alkylation including catalyst, which contains zeolite with molar ratio of silicon dioxide to aluminium oxide being less than 8, and rare earth element, embedded into zeolite lattice; amount of rare earth element constitutes more than 16.5 wt % in terms of zeolite, the remaining part includes cations of alkali, alkali earth elements, nitrogen compounds or their mixtures, rare earth elements are involved into exchange to such a degree that molar ratio of rare earth element to aluminium is within the range 0.51-1.2; the remaining cation-exchange ions are represented by cations, selected from group, consisting of alkali, alkali earth elements, nitrogen compounds or their mixture, thus forming output flow. Output flow is directed to operation of separation, thus forming flow of aromatic compounds, flow of products, containing monoalkylated aromatic compound, and flow of non-productive alkylated aromatic compounds. |
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Invention relates to a composition based on cerium oxide and zirconium oxide having special porosity, which can be used in catalyst systems for treating exhaust gases. The composition is based on cerium oxide and zirconium oxide containing at least 30 wt % cerium oxide which, after calcination at temperature of 900°C for 4 hours, has two types of pore distribution, the diameters of which, for the first type of distribution, lie in the range from 5 nm to 15 nm for a composition having cerium oxide content of 30% to 65%, or from 10 nm to 20 nm for a composition having cerium oxide content higher than 65% and, for the second type of distribution, in the range from 45 nm to 65 nm for a composition having a cerium oxide content of 30% to 65% or from 60 nm to 100 nm for a composition having cerium oxide content higher than 65%. The method of producing the composition includes steps of: forming a first liquid medium containing a zirconium compound, a cerium (III) compound, sulphate ions, an oxidising agent and, optimally, a compound of a rare-earth element other than cerium; bringing the medium into contact with a base, whereby a precipitate is formed; separating and washing the precipitate; suspending the precipitate in water and heat treatment of the obtained medium at temperature of 90°C; and separating and calcining the precipitate. |
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Catalysts of oxidation for diesel engines based on base metals and modified with base metals Inventions can be used in field of environment protection. Method of catalyst obtaining includes introduction of base metal in form of ammonium hydroxide or ammonia complex, or in form of organic amine complex, or in form of hydroxide compound into active in redox reactions cubic fluorite CeZrOx material under basic conditions. Catalyst of oxidation includes primary catalytic active metal from group of noble metals, applied on carrier, as well as secondary catalytic active component, which is obtained by ionic exchange between surface of cubic fluorite CeZrOx material and base metal solution and optionally zeolite. Obtained catalysts are used in catalytic device, placing one of them on substrate, around which case is located. Obtained catalysts are also used in method of processing of exhaust gases, passing exhaust gases above them. |
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Nox retaining materials and traps resistant to thermal ageing Invention relates to NOx retaining materials. Described is a nitrogen oxide retaining catalyst, having: a substrate; a first porous oxide coating layer on the substrate, where said first porous oxide coating layer contains a nitrogen oxide retaining material which contains substrate particles of cerium oxide coated with barium carbonate; and a second porous oxide coating layer over the first porous oxide coating layer containing one platinum group metal, wherein the second porous oxide coating layer essentially does not contain platinum, cerium and barium, and said one platinum group metal is rhodium deposited on particles of a refractory metal oxide, which contain aluminium oxide doped with zirconium oxide in amount of up to 30%. Described is a method of producing said retaining material and use thereof. |
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System for decreasing toxicity of engine offgas using selective catalytic reduction catalyst Invention relates to reduction of toxicity of automotive diesel exhaust gases containing nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons by adding ammonium or compounds decomposing thereto to offgas flow to be forced above two selective reduction catalysts (SRC). First SRC catalyst arranged at inlet side catalyses efficiently the co-proportioning of nitrogen oxides by ammonium at 300-500°C and contains tungsten oxide WO3 and homogeneous mixed cerium and zirconium oxides (Ce, Zr)O2. Note here that hydrocarbons contained in exhaust gas are partially oxidised. Second SRC catalyst arranged at outlet side contains copper-substituted zeolite compound and catalyses efficiently the co-proportioning of nitrogen oxides by ammonium at 150-400°C and, at a time, accumulates excess ammonium. |
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Cerium extraction is performed after preliminary preparation of a catalyser. Crushing of the used catalyser is performed. Crushed catalyser is subject to annealing at the temperature of 650-800°C during 3-6 hours. After annealing the catalyser is cooled down to room temperature and cerium compound is extracted by dilution of ignited catalyser in concentrated hydrochloric acid. Obtained solution with suspended particles of cerium dioxide is heated to boiling, exposed at boiling temperature of 100-110°C during 30-120 minutes and during 3-12 hours at temperature of 0-20°C so that a deposition is obtained. The obtained deposition is separated from mother solution by means of filtration by draining the solution from the deposition surface to a filter with the size of filtering material pores of not more than 2 mcm. Deposition on the filter is washed from iron compound and dried till constant weight of cerium dioxide. |
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Claimed invention relates to field of chemistry of ketones, in particular, to method of preparing catalyst for obtaining 3-acetylheptane-2,6-dione and to method of obtaining 3-acetylheptane-2,6-dione with application of obtained catalyst. Described are: method of preparing microdimensional catalyst for obtaining 3-acetylheptane-2,6-dione, which consists in dissolution of cerium chloride hydrate of formula CeCl3×7H2O in methyl alcohol with further removal of solvent by its evaporation for 1 hour at temperature 90°C and heating residue for 1.5 hour at temperature 150°C, and method of obtaining 3-acetylheptane-2,6-dione by interaction of acetylacetone with methylvinylketone in presence of obtained catalyst, process being carried out with molar ratio acetylacetone: methylvinylketone: catalyst in terms of CeCl3×7H2O equal 1:1:0.1-0.2. |
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Invention relates to catalysts. Described is a catalytic block based on nickel foam and alloys thereof for purifying gases from organic compounds, including benzopyrenes, dioxins, nitrogen oxides, ammonia, carbon and ozone in form of a block which consists of an assembly of separate plates made from nickel foam and alloys thereof with a coating, placed in a cassette made from stainless steel at distance from each other, wherein a support, which is in form of plates made from nickel foam and alloys thereof, which are coated with a heat-resistant coating, is placed at an angle 30-90° to the direction of the gas flow, wherein the support has the following composition, wt %: aluminium oxide 4-55 or titanium oxide - 0.5-10; lanthanum oxide - 0.5-5.0; manganese oxide - 0.25-2.5; silver - 0.1-0.2; nickel foam and alloys thereof - the balance. |
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Ozone decomposition catalyst and method for production thereof Invention relates to catalytic purification of air from oxygen-containing impurities, such as ozone, and can be used particularly for removing ozone from air. Described is a manganese dioxide-based ozone decomposition catalyst made from reticulated open-cell polyurethane in form of a plate and additionally contains perovskite - lanthanum manganate doped with silver, with the following ratio of components, wt %: manganese dioxide 5-15, lanthanum manganate 2-10, silver (niello) 0.1-0.5, reticulated open-cell polyurethane - the balance. Described is a method of producing a catalyst, which involves drying and heat treatment, wherein heat treatment in air for 2-3 hours at temperature of 300°C is carried out on a solution which contains the following, wt %: hexahydrate manganese nitrate 45-55; lanthanum manganate - 20-25; silver nitrate - 0.1-0.5, after which the obtained composition, having said makeup, is ground, particles smaller than 10 mcm are selected and then deposited on a highly porous permeable matrix made from reticulated open-cell foamed polyurethane and pre-treated with an adhesive solution of a prepolymer of polyurethane - high molecular weight products of polyaddition of diisocyanates with polyols, curable by air moisture. |
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Invention relates to field of heterogenic catalysis, namely to catalyst for purification of exhaust industrial gases from volatile organic compounds, and can be used in chemical industry, for instance, for complete oxidation of exhaust gases of glyoxal production from admixtures of formaldehyde, ethylene glycol, carbon monoxide. Described is catalyst for purification of exhaust gases from volatile organic compounds, including cerium dioxide, manganese oxide, silver and carrier - mesoporous silica gel. Also described is method of obtaining catalyst, which includes impregnation of mesoporous silica gel with water solution containing manganese and cerium nitrates, then, after intermediate drying and thermal processing impregnation with ammonia solution of silver oxide with further final drying and thermal processing. Described is method of purification of exhaust gases, which contain volatile organic compounds, with application of said catalyst. |
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Fuel additive containing cerium dioxide nanoparticles with altered structure Invention relates to a method of producing cerium dioxide nanoparticles and use thereof. Described is a method of producing cerium dioxide nanoparticles with a given lattice, which contain at least one transition metal (M), wherein: (a) an aqueous reaction mixture is prepared, said mixture containing a source of Ce3+ ions, a source of ions of one or more transition metals (M), a source of hydroxide ions, at least one nanoparticle stabiliser and an oxidant which oxidises the Ce3+ ion to a Ce4+ ion, at initial temperature ranging from about 20°C to about 95°C; (b) mechanical shearing of said mixture and passing said mixture through a perforated sieve to form a homogeneously distributed suspension of cerium hydroxide nanoparticles; and (c) creating temperature conditions that are effective for oxidation of the Ce3+ ion to a Ce4+ ion to form a product stream containing cerium dioxide nanoparticles, containing a transition metal Ce1-xMxO2, where x assumes a value from about 0.3 to about 0.8, said nanoparticles have a cubic fluorite structure, average hydrodynamic diameter ranging from about 1 nm to about 10 nm and geometric diameter from about 1 nm to about 4 nm, wherein the nanoparticle stabiliser is water-soluble and has a value Log KBC ranging from 1 to 14, where KBC denotes a constant for binding the nanoparticle stabiliser to a cerium ion in water and said temperature conditions that are effective for oxidation of the Ce3+ ion to a Ce4+ ion include temperature from about 50°C to about 100°C. Described is a method of preparing a homogeneous dispersion containing stabilised crystalline nanoparticles of cerium dioxide with a given lattice, containing a transition metal, Ce1-xMxO2, where M is at least one transition metal and x assumes a value from about 0.3 to about 0.8; (a) preparing an aqueous mixture which contains stabilised cerium dioxide nanoparticles containing a transition metal, Ce1-xMxO2, having a cubic fluorite structure, wherein, wherein said nanoparticles have average hydrodynamic diameter ranging from about 1 nm to about 10 nm and geometric diameter less than about 4 nm; (b) concentrating said aqueous mixture containing said stabilised cerium dioxide nanoparticles containing a transition metal, thereby forming an aqueous concentrate; (c) removing essentially all water from said aqueous concentrate to form an essentially water-free concentrate of stabilised cerium dioxide nanoparticles containing a transition metal; (d) adding an organic diluent to said essentially water-free concentrate to form an organic concentrate of said stabilised cerium dioxide nanoparticles containing a transition metal; and (e) merging said organic concentrate with a surfactant in the presence of a nonpolar medium to form said homogeneous dispersion containing stabilised crystalline nanoparticles of cerium dioxide containing a transition metal, Ce1-xMxO2, where M and x assume values given above. Described is a deposited coating for the catalytic converter of the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, where said deposited coating is obtained using said homogeneous dispersion. |
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Method of producing oligomers of higher linear α-olefins Described is a method of producing oligomers of higher α-olefins by reacting linear C6-C14 α-olefins with a catalyst based on a zeolite of structural type FAU, the method being characterised by that the catalyst used is zeolite Y-BS, which is granulated without binding substances and is modified with cations of rare-earth elements and the reaction is carried out with weight content of the catalyst of 10-30% at 130-200°C. |
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Invention relates to catalysts. Described is a catalyst composition which contains a perovskite of formula LaMO3, where M is at least one element selected from iron, aluminium or manganese, in form of particles dispersed on an aluminium oxide or aluminium oxyhydroxide substrate, wherein after calcination at 700°C for 4 hours, the perovskite is in form of a pure crystallographic phase and the size of the perovskite particles does not exceed 15 nm or after calcination of said composition at 900°C for 4 hours, the size of perovskite particles does not exceed 18 nm, more specifically 15 nm, or after calcination of said composition at 1000°C for 4 hours, the size of perovskite particles does not exceed 22 nm. Described is a method of producing said catalyst compositions, involving: preparing a liquid medium containing aluminium oxide or aluminium oxyhydroxide and salts of elements La and M, optionally a substitute element, wherein said salts are selected from acetates, chlorides and nitrates; a base is added to the obtained medium until achieving pH of at least 9, which results in formation of a precipitate; the precipitate is separated from the reaction medium and, if chlorides or nitrates were used as said salts at the first step, the precipitate is washed; the precipitate is calcined. Described are catalyst systems which contain said composition, obtained using the method described above. |
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Method of producing catalyst of methane-bearing hydrocarbon steam conversion Invention relates to method of catalyst production. Produced catalyst comprises oxide carrier composed of complex spinel, i.e. Mg [Al, Fe]2O4 and active component, i.e. nickel. Proposed method comprises calcination of modified carrier. It differs from known processes in that oxide carrier surface is, first, impregnated with the solution of cerium or lanthanum salts or mix thereof taken in amount of 5.0-10.0 wt % per oxide carrier. Then, nickel is applied to calcine at 500°C so that catalyst containing 10 wt % of nickel is obtained. Note here that prior to impregnation said oxide carrier is subjected to hydrothermal treatment at partial pressure of steam equal to 1.8-2.0 MPa and gradual increase in reaction zone temperature to 800-900°C at heating rate of 10 degree/min. |
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Production of a heterogeneous catalyst for producing valuable and energy-saturated gasoline components by alkylating isobutane with olefins based on a NaNH4Y zeolite with residual content of sodium oxide of not more than 0.8 wt %, involving treating the zeolite with aqueous solution of a lanthanum salt, extrusion moulding, drying and calcining the obtained catalyst, wherein the zeolite is treated with aqueous lanthanum nitrate solution taken in an amount which ensures content of lanthanum in the end catalyst of 0.5-3.5 wt %; said treatment is carried out at 90-135°C and saturated vapour pressure; after treating with aqueous lanthanum nitrate solution, the zeolite is further treated with aqueous ammonium nitrate solution and a wet cake is obtained; said cake is mixed with another wet cake obtained from binder - aluminium hydroxide with a boehmite structure, which is peptised at pH 1-4 with a solution of a mineral or organic acid; the obtained mixture is evaporated; after moulding, the extruded articles are cured; drying is carried out at 120°C for 5 hours; calcination is carried out first at 300°C for 1.5 hours and then at 500°C for 2.5 hours; after calcination, palladium chloride is deposited on the catalyst, said palladium chloride being dissolved while heating in 25% ammonia solution and taken in an amount which ensures content of palladium in the finished catalyst of 0.05-0.3 wt %, and the catalyst is cured again at room temperature, dried at 120°C and cured at 500°C for 3 hours. |
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Invention relates to catalytic conversion of 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanenitrile (HMTBN) to 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutane amide (HMTBA). The obtained HMTBA is further used to produce 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid (HMTBK) The method of converting HMTBN to HMTBA is carried out in the presence of a solid catalyst which contains an active phase. Said active phase includes at least one metal oxide selected from copper oxide, nickel oxide, iron oxide, zirconium oxide, manganese oxide, cerium oxide and combinations of said oxides. The catalyst is formed in the presence of at least one fluidising agent. The fluidising agent is selected particularly from zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, silicon dioxide, clay, such as bentonites and attapulgite. The formed catalyst is heat treated. Conversion is carried out in a medium which essentially does not contain a strong inorganic acid. The method of obtaining HMTBK involves the following steps: 1) converting HMTBN to HMTBA using the method described above; 2) converting HMTBA to HMTBK. |
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Mixed metal oxide catalysts and method of catalytic conversion of lower aliphatic hydrocarbons Claimed invention discloses catalytic compositions, which contain mixed metal oxides, which demonstrate activity in propane or isobutene conversion into unsaturated nitryl by ammoxidation in presence of ammonia and oxygen source. Composition includes one or more crystalline phases, at least, one of which is first phase, characterised by crystalline structure MI and including mixed metal oxide, which contains molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), antimony (Sb) and niobium (Nb). First phase has volume of elementary cell, which lies within the range towards increase from 2255 A3 to 2290 A3, first dimension of crystal and transverse to it second dimension, on condition that ratio of first dimension to second dimension is within the range towards reduction from 1.75 to 1.0 (aspect ratio). In particular, mixed oxide material isd represented by empirical formula MoVaSbbNbcOδ; where 0.1<a<1.0, 0.01<b<1.0, 0.001<c<0.25, and δ represents number of oxygen atoms, which are required for preservation of electric neutrality of other present constituting elements. Also described is method of ammoxidation in presence of ammonia and oxygen source by means of said disperse hard catalyst. |
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Micropsherical catalyst for oil fractions cracking and method of its making Invention relates to oil processing industry, particularly, to oil fractions cracking catalyst. Proposed catalyst comprises ultra stable zeolite Y in cation-decationated form with lattice module of 5.2-6.0 containing 1.0-1.5 wt % of sodium oxide, 10-14 wt % of rare-earth metal oxides, and/or ultra stable zeolite with lattice module of 6.0-10.0 containing 0.5-1.0 wt % of sodium oxide, 7-10 wt % of rare-earth metal oxides, and matrix wherein amorphous alumina silicate, aluminium hydroxide and bentonitic clay making its components in the following ratio in wt %: zeolite Y or mix of zeolites Y 15-30, amorphous alumina silicate 20-45, aluminium hydroxide 10-40, and bentonitic clay 10-40. Proposed method comprises conducting ionic replacement by cations of rare-earth metals and ammonium on zeolite NaY, ultra stabilisation of zeolite by steam, mixing zeolite with matrix components, i.e. amorphous alumina silicate, aluminium hydroxide and bentonitic clay, spray drying, calcining and making catalyst. Note here that ultra stabilisation of zeolite is conducted in rotary kiln one or two times unless mixing with matrix components. Note also that zeolite filtration is carried out in countercurrent. Note that filtrates of next stages of ionic replacement is used as flushing fluids at previous stages while ionic replacement of sodium cations in zeolite by ammonium cations is conducted two or three times. |
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Described is purifying from disperse particles material, used for filter-catalyst for purification from disperse particles, and filter-catalyst is located on the way of flow of exhaust gases of internal combustion engine, catching disperse particles in exhaust gases, which are formed in internal combustion engine, and burning precipitated disperse particles in order to be regenerated, and purifying from disperse particles material includes: oxide, containing cerium (Ce), possessing ability to accumulate-release oxygen; and at least one metal (Me), selected from group, consisting of zirconium (zr), yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), praseodymium (Pr), strontium (Sr), nioubium (Nb) and neodymium (Nd), and ratio of content of (Ce:Me) cerium to metal constitutes from 6:4 to 9:1 in units of atomic ratio, and degree of crystallinity (CR), represented by the following formula (1), lies within the range 36-60%: Degree of crystallinity (CR)=I/I0× 100(%) (1), where I represents intensity of X-ray diffraction peak with respect to plane (111) of phase CeO2 in purifying from disperse particles material, and I0 stands for intensity of X-ray diffraction peak with respect to plane (111) of phase CeO2 after roasting material, which purifies from disperse particles, in the air at 1000°C. Described is filter-catalyst for purification from disperse particles, which is located on the way of flow of exhaust gases of internal combustion engine, catching disperse particles in exhaust gases, which are formed in internal combustion engine, and burning precipitated disperse particles in order to be regenerated, and filter-catalyst includes: filter-carrier, made from porous ceramics with continuous small pores; and layer of catalyst, formed on the wall of filter-carrier, and catalyst layer contains: 25-100 g/l of mixture of described above purifying from disperse particles material and noble metal; and 0.25-1.0 g/l of noble metal, counted per unit of volume of filter-carrier. Described is method of regeneration of described above filter-catalyst, including control of internal temperature of filter-catalyst at the level from 350°C to 800°C, thus ensuring burning and removal of disperse particles, precipitated on filter-catalyst. |
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Inventions can be used in systems of purification of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. Composition for catalysts or catalyst substrates based on zirconium, cerium and yttrium oxides contains cerium oxide from 3% to 15%, yttrium oxide not more than 6%, if content of cerium oxide constitutes from more than 12% to 15% including; not more than 10%, if content of cerium oxide constitutes from more than 7% to 12% including; not more than 30%, if content of cerium oxide constitutes from 3 to 7% including; the remaining part - zirconium oxide. Composition can also contain oxide of rare earth element, selected from lanthanum, neodymium and praseodymium. Method of composition obtaining includes the following stages: contact of main compound and compound of zirconium, cerium, yttrium, other rare earth element, selected from lanthanum, neodymium and praseodymium, obtaining precipitate; heating sediment in liquid medium; addition of anionic SUS, non-ionogenic SUS, polyethylene glycol, carbonic acid and its salt, SUS such as carboxymethylated fatty alcohol ethoxylates; roasting obtained precipitate. |
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Catalyst for cleaning exhaust gas and exhaust gas cleaning apparatus using said catalyst Invention relates to a catalyst and apparatus for cleaning exhaust gas. Said catalyst contains a composite oxide of general formula (1): {AXA'{1-x)} {ByB'(1-y)}(1-z) (PM1)zO3 (1), where A is lanthanum (La), component A' is barium (Ba), component B is iron (Fe), component B' is niobium (Nb) and component (PM1) (noble metal) is palladium (Pd), and where x ranges from more than 0.30 to 0.95 or less, y ranges from 0.07 or more to 0.94 or less, and z ranges from 0.01 or more to 0.10 or less. The apparatus for cleaning exhaust gas in order to reduce concentration of nitrogen oxides includes: a trapping device for trapping solid particles in the exhaust gas and said catalyst for cleaning exhaust gas lying after the trapping device in the direction of flow of exhaust gas. Versions of the apparatus for cleaning exhaust gas are provided. |
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Invention relates to petrochemistry, particularly to production of a zeolite-based catalyst for alkylation of isobutane with olefins and can be used in oil refining industry. Described is a zeolite-based catalyst for alkylation of isobutane with olefins which contains aluminium oxide and silicon dioxide with molar ratio of silicon dioxide to aluminium oxide equal to 2.8-7.0, sodium and rare-earth element oxides and active metal oxides in form of platinum oxide and/or palladium oxide and/or rhenium oxide and/or rhodium oxide and/or halogen - chlorine or fluorine, with the following ratio of components in wt %: sodium oxide 0.26-0.8, calcium oxide 0.8-4.2, rare-earth element oxide 12.1-20.0, platinum oxide and/or palladium oxide and/or rhenium oxide and/or rhodium oxide 0.02-2.0, and/or chlorine 0.05-0.8 and/or chlorine 0.005-0.5, a zeolite with ratio SiO2/Al2O3 equal to 2.8-7.0 being the balance. Disclosed also are two versions of the method of producing a zeolite-based catalyst for alkylation of isobutane with C2-C4 olefins, involving treatment thereof with aqueous solutions of salts of calcium, a rare-earth element and ammonium at high temperature and pressure of saturated vapour for a period of time necessary to convert the zeolite into a rare-earth calcium zeolite, and depositing active metal oxides onto it by saturation with aqueous solutions containing active metals, followed by washing, drying and calcination, where at the beginning, the obtained rare-earth calcium zeolite is saturated with unipolar water until the release of air from zeolite pores stops, and then depositing active metal oxides: platinum oxide and/or palladium oxide and/or rhenium oxide and/or rhodium oxide and/or halogen - chlorine or fluorine, taken in amounts which ensure said content of the oxide of the corresponding metal and halogen in the ready product, or deposition of active metal oxides - platinum oxide and/or palladium oxide and/or rhenium oxide and/or rhodium oxide and/or halogen - chlorine or fluorine - onto the rare-earth calcium zeolite is carried out from solutions containing the corresponding metals or halogen in unipolar water, taken in amounts which ensure said content of oxide of the oxide of the corresponding metal in the ready catalyst, wherein in both versions, deposition of active metals and halogen is carried out in two steps: at the first step via cold saturation at temperature not higher than 30°C for 1 hour, at the second step - at temperature not lower than 70°C for 1 hour, after which treatment with an organic acid is carried out in the presence of 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, followed by drying, tableting and calcination. Described is a method for liquid-phase alkylation of isobutane with olefins in the presence of the catalyst described above. |
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Catalyst, preparation method thereof and use thereof for decomposing n2o Present invention relates to a catalyst for decomposing N2O, a method of preparing said catalyst and use thereof to decompose laughing gas in exhaust or process gases. Described is a catalyst for decomposing N2O to nitrogen and oxygen in gas phase with a porous support made from polycrystalline or glass-like inorganic material, consisting of magnesium oxide or ceramic mixed oxides containing at least 50 wt % magnesium oxide on which a functional layer of cerium oxide is deposited and on which a layer of material containing cobalt oxide is deposited. Described is a method of preparing the catalyst which involves preparing said porous support, impregnation thereof with a solution containing a cerium salt, drying and/or calcination, and subsequent impregnation with a cobalt salt solution, drying and/or calcination. The catalysts can particularly be used in apparatus for producing nitric acid as secondary or tertiary catalysts. |
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Method of producing high-molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons Invention relates to a method of producing high-molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons via catalytic conversion of 96% ethanol and an ethanol-isobutanol mixture (3:1) at 400°C, volume velocity of liquid material of 2 h-1, pressure of 0.1-5.0 MPa on a zeolite-containing catalyst. The method is characterised by that the zeolite-containing catalyst has the following composition: HZSM-5 - 98 wt %, Ce2O3 - 2 wt %. |
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Catalyst and method of producing synthetic gas Invention relates to production of a catalyst for producing synthetic gas during carbon dioxide conversion of methane. The catalyst for carbon dioxide conversion of methane for producing synthetic gas is a cerium-zirconium based composite support containing one or two metals selected from rare-earth elements such as Pr, Sm, La or any combination thereof; the active component is a platinum group metal selected from Pt or Ru; Pt or Ru with Ni additives; La with Ni additives; La with Ni additives, Pt or Ru, wherein the catalyst has the general formula M1M2M3[AxByCe0.35Zr0.35]O2, where: x equals 0-0.3, y equals 0-0.3, A and/or B are selected from rare-earth metals Pr, La, Sm, Mi is selected from platinum group metals Pt or Ru, M2 denotes Ni; M3 denotes La, provided that if content of metal M1=0, then content of M2≠0, and if content of M2=0, then content of M1≠O. Described is a method of producing synthetic gas during carbon dioxide conversion of methane using the catalyst described above. |
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Vanadium-free catalyst for selective catalytic reduction and method of its production Invention relates to vanadium-free catalyst for reduction of aluminium oxides by ammonium or compound decomposing thereto. It relates also to activation of homogeneous mixed cerium and zirconium oxides for nitrogen oxide reduction. Proposed catalyst comprises catalytically active coat applied on inner carries body. Note here that said coat consists, partially or completely, of homogeneous mixed cerium and zirconium oxides with cerium amount varying from 10 wt % to 90 wt % per total weight of said mix, activated for reduction by introducing transition metal. Transition metal is selected from the group including chromium, molybdenum and mixes of said transition metals or combinations thereof. |
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Method of selective catalytic oxychlorination of methane to methyl chloride Invention relates to chemistry, specifically to the technology of producing a valuable semi-product - methyl chloride, which is a promising raw material for producing ethylene and other light olefins. Described is a method for selective catalytic oxychlorination of methane to methyl chloride, where a mixture consisting of methane, hydrogen chloride and either oxygen diluted with an inert gas, or air or pure oxygen is passed at temperature not higher than 350°C through a catalyst layer which is a geometrically structured system which contains microfibres of a high-silica support and at least one active element, said element being either in form of a MeOxHaly composite or in form of a NwMezOxHaly composite, where element Me is selected from a group comprising iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, zinc, copper, silver, gold or one element from a group of lanthanum and lanthanides, and element Hal is one of halogens: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and element N in composite NwMezOxHaly is selected from a group comprising alkali, alkali-earth elements or hydrogen. |
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Catalyst system for heterogeneous reactions Invention relates to chemical industry and catalyst systems which can be used particularly in processes for oxidation of hydrogen chloride to molecular chlorine, oxychlorination of methane, partial oxidation of (C1-C4) lower paraffins to alcohols and aldehydes (oxygenates). The invention can also be used in processes for producing valuable chemical products and semi-products, as well as when processing different gaseous and liquid wastes. Described is a catalyst system for heterogeneous reactions, which is a geometrically structured system containing microfibre of a high-silica carrier with diameter of 5-20 mcm, which is characterised by presence of hydroxyl group absorption bands in the infrared spectrum with wave number ν=3620-3650 cm-1 and half-width 65-75 cm-1, has specific surface area measured using a BET method based on thermal desorption of argon, SAr=0.5-30 m2/g, has surface area measured using an alkaline titration method SNa=5-150 m2/g with ratio SNa/SAr=5-50, and at least one active element, characterised by that the active element is made either in form of a MezOxHaly composite or in form of a NwMezOxHaly composite, where element N in the composite NwMezOxHaly is selected from a group comprising alkali, alkali-earth elements or hydrogen, element Me in composite NwMezOxHaly and composite MezOxHaly is selected from a group containing iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, zinc, copper, silver, gold, or one element from lanthanum and lanthanides, and element Hal in composite NwMezOxHaly and composite MezOxHaly is one of halogens: fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. |
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Invention relates to a composition consisting of cerium oxide and an oxide of another rare-earth element with high specific surface area of 20 m2/g after calcination at temperature 1000°C for 5 hours. The method of obtaining the composition involves a step for preparing a medium containing a cerium compound, heating said medium, separating the precipitate from the liquid medium, adding a compound of another rare-earth element and obtaining another liquid phase, heating the obtained medium, changing pH of the reaction mixture obtained after heating to a basic pH, separating and calcining the precipitate. |
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Invention relates to petrochemistry, particularly, to production of zeolite-based catalyst for alkylation of isobutane by olefins and may be used in oil processing. Invention covers catalyst of alkylation of isobutane by zeolite-based olefins that contains aluminium oxide and silicon dioxide at silicon dioxide-to-aluminium oxide molar ratio equal to 2.8-7.0, sodium oxide, rare-earth element, oxides of active metals, which contains oxides of platinum and/or palladium and/or rhenium and/or ruthenium at the following ratio of components, in wt %: sodium oxide - 0.26-0.8, calcium oxide - 0.8-4.2, rare earth element oxide - 12.0-20.0, oxides of platinum and/or palladium and/or rhenium and/or ruthenium - 0.02-2.0, zeolite with SiO2/Al2O3 equal to 2.8-7.0, making the rest. It covers also two versions of the method of catalyst production comprising zeolite treatment by water solutions of salts of calcium, rare earth element and ammonium at increased temperature and pressure of saturated vapors for time period required for conversion of zeolite into rare-earth calcium zeolite, its washing, drying and calcinating. In compliance with this method, first, rare-earth calcium zeolite is impregnated with unipolar water unless air escapes from zeolite pores and, then, processing is performed by impregnation with water solutions of salts of oxides of active metals, which contains oxides of platinum and/or palladium and/or rhenium and/or ruthenium taken in amount that ensures said content of metal oxide in finished catalyst. It comprises also drying, calcinating, or applying on rare-earth metal calcium zeolite of water solutions of salts of oxides of active metals, which contains oxides of platinum and/or palladium and/or rhenium and/or ruthenium in unipolar water taken in amount that ensures aforesaid content of metal oxide in finished catalyst, drying, tabletting and calcinating. |
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Invention relates to petrochemistry, particularly, to production of zeolite-based catalyst for alkylation of isobutane by olefins and may be used in oil processing. Invention covers catalyst of alkylation of isobutane by zeolite-based olefins that contains aluminium oxide and silicon dioxide at silicon dioxide-to-aluminium oxide molar ratio equal to 2.8-7.0, sodium oxide, rare-earth element, oxides of active metals, which contains oxides of platinum and/or palladium and/or rhenium and/or ruthenium at the following ratio of components, in wt %: sodium oxide - 0.26-0.8, calcium oxide - 0.8-4.2, rare earth element oxide - 12.0-20.0,oxides of platinum and/or or palladium and/or molybdenum and/or nickel and/or cobalt - 0.02-2.0, zeolite with SiO2/Al2O3 equal to 2.8-7.0, making the rest. It covers also two versions of the method of catalyst production comprising zeolite treatment by water solutions of salts of calcium, rare earth element and ammonium at increased temperature and pressure of saturated vapors for time period required for conversion of zeolite into rare-earth calcium zeolite, its washing, drying and calcinating. In compliance with this method, first, rare-earth calcium zeolite is impregnated with unipolar water unless air escapes from zeolite pores and, then, processing is performed by impregnation with water solutions of salts of oxides of active metals, which contains oxides of platinum and/or palladium and/or molybdenum and/or nickel and/ or cobalt taken in amount that ensures said content of metal oxide in finished catalyst. It comprises also drying, calcinating, or applying on rare-earth metal calcium zeolite of water solutions of salts of oxides of active metals, which contains oxides of platinum and/or palladium and/or molybdenum and/or nickel and/or cobalt. The process includes two stages: first, cold impregnation at not over 30°C, and, second, at, at least, 70°C, and finally drying, tabletting and calcinating. |
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Present invention relates to NOx reduction catalysts, filters for trapping solid particles, exhaust gas treatment systems and methods of treating a gas stream. The invention describes a NOx reduction catalyst containing: a Cea-Zrb-Rc-Ad-Ox compound in which "R" denotes W or Mn; if "R" denotes W, "A" denotes Mo; if "R" denotes Mn, "A" is selected from a group comprising W, Mo and combinations containing at least one of the listed versions of "A"; a+b+c+d=1; "a" ranges from 0.1 to 0.6; "b" ranges from 0.25 to 0.7; "c" ranges from 0.02 to 0.5; if "R" denotes Mn, "d" ranges from 0.04 to 0.2, and if "R" denotes W, "d" is equal to or less than 0.2; the catalyst is capable of reducing NOx. Described is a method of treating a gas stream, involving feeding the gas stream onto the catalyst described above, reducing an amount greater than or equal to 50 vol. % NOx contained in the gas stream in terms of the total volume of NOx, initially contained in the gas stream; wherein the gas stream is at temperature ranging from 150 to 550°C. |
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FIELD: petrochemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to catalysts used for hydrocarbons production; the method describes the catalyst of the hydrocarbons mixture synthesis with low concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons on the basis of the pentasyl type crystalline aluminum silicate-zeolite with SiO2/Al2O3=25-100 containing not more than 0.1 % of sodium oxide, zinc oxide, palladium and the binder, at that it additionally contains zirconium oxide and/or lanthanum oxide with the following proportion of the components: zinc oxide - 0.5-2.0 %, zirconium oxide - 0.2-1.0%, and/or lanthanum oxide - 0.2-1.0%,palladium - 0.1-1.0%, zeolite - 65.0%, the binder makes up the rest of the total mass; the summary describes the method of production of the catalyst of the hydrocarbons mixture synthesis with a low concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbons according to art. 1 including the modification pentasyl type zeolite with SiO2/Al2O3=25-100 containing not more than 0.1 % of sodium oxide by means of zinc oxide, palladium; procedure of mixing with the binder, formation of extrudates, their drying and firing wherein the ammoniacal zeolite is primarily modified with water solutions of lanthanum nitrate and/or nitrate zirconium taken in the amount securing the concentration of zirconium oxide in the ready to use catalyst in the amount of 0.2-1.0% and/or lanthanum oxide - 0.2-1.0%; the modified zeolite is dried and fired thereafter amid the ionic exchange the water solution of zinc nitrate in the amount securing the concentration of zinc oxide in the ready to use catalyst equal to 0.5- 2.0% is added to zeolite, then the binder is added into the received mixture and the extrudates are prepared, thereafter they are dried and fired again, after that the catalyst extrudates are soaked with the water solution of palladous chloride taken in the amount securing the concentration of the palladium in the ready to use catalyst in the amount of 0.1-1.0 %, and then they are dried and fired to form the oxides of correspondent metals; the method of synthesis of the mixture of hydrocarbons from the gases containing methoxymethane is described herein, as well as the synthesis gas (CO, CO2 H2) in the presence of the above catalyst, at that the procedure is executed in the circulation mode upon the circulation ratio of 10-35, the mixture of gases with hydrogen concentration in the synthesis-gas not less than 71% of the total volume is used as the mixture of gases. EFFECT: reduction of concentration of aromatic compositions up to 8.0 % including durol - not more than 0.7% and the enhancement of the productivity of the procedure up to 120 g/m of synthesis-gas. 3 cl, 2 tbl, 13 ex |
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FIELD: petrochemistry. SUBSTANCE: this invention relates to the catalyst of the catalytic cracking which is appropriate for reduction of sulphur concentration in the catalytic cracking liquid products in particular in benzine products produced upon the implementation of the method of catalytic cracking, preferably the method of catalytic cracking in the fluidized layer of the catalyst; the method describes the catalyst containing zeolite, zinc and at least one rare earth element having the ion radius less than 0.95 A with the coordinate number 6; the summary describes the method of reduction of sulphur concentration in the catalytically cracked oil fraction at high temperatures in presence of the above catalyst. EFFECT: reduction of sulphur concentration upon the execution of catalytic cracking. 42 cl, 4 tbl, 7 ex, 4 dwg |
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Method of producing catalyst for (co) Described is a method of producing a catalyst for (co)polymerisation of butadiene by reacting components comprising triazobutylaluminium, conjugated diene and a rare-earth element compound, holding the reaction mass, followed by addition of diisobutylaluminium hydride and alkylaluminium chloride. The alkylaluminium chloride is added in a mixture with triisobutylaluminium in molar ratio 1:1. The process is carried out in molar ratio triisobutylaluminium: conjugated diene: rare-earth element compound: diisobutylaluminium hydride: alkylaluminium chloride (in terms of Cl) equal to 6-12:1-20:1:6-12:1.5-1.7. |
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Described is a catalyst for producing high-octane gasoline with low content of benzene via combined treatment of low-octane hydrocarbon fractions with initial boiling point - 205°C and aliphatic alcohols and/or dimethyl ether, which contains a mechanical mixture of pentasil type zeolite with silica modulus SiO2/Al2O3=18-25 which is first treated with aqueous solution of an alkali, modified with rare-earth metal or lanthanum oxide in amount of 0.5-2.0 wt % and a pentasil type zeolite with silica modulus SiO2/Al2O3=70-90, modified with magnesium oxide in amount of 0.5-3.0 wt %, taken in ratio from 1/1 to 1/5, as well as binder in amount of 20 to 25% of the weight of the catalyst. Described also is a method of producing high-octane gasoline with low content of benzene via combined treatment of low-octane hydrocarbon fractions with initial boiling point - 205°C and aliphatic alcohols and/or dimethyl ether, in which the catalyst described above is heated in an isothermic reactor with heat pipes to temperature 280-350°C, the process of contacting the raw material with the catalyst, which is heated in the isothermic reactor with heat pipes, takes place at pressure 0.1-1 MPa while feeding into the reactor in two streams a mixture of methanol as oxygen-containing raw material and low-octane hydrocarbon fractions with volume rate of feeding the liquid raw material equal to 0.5-5 h-1 after evaporation of the raw material in a pre-heater. |
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Composition is based on zirconium oxide, silicon oxide and one oxide of another element M, selected from titanium, aluminium, tungsten, molybdenum, cerium, iron, tin, zinc and manganese, with the following weight ratio of these different elements: silicon oxide: 5-30%; oxide of element M: 1-20%, and up to 100% zirconium oxide, wherein the composition has acidity defined in experiments using methylbutanol equal to at least 90%. Said composition can be obtained using a method in which a liquid medium is mixed with a zirconium compound, a silicon compound, a compound of element M and a basic compound, as a result of which a precipitate forms; the precipitate then matures in the liquid medium, separated and then calcined. |
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![Method of producing bicyclo[3,2,1]octene-2](http://img.russianpatents.com/img_data/944/9444209-s.gif)
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Method of producing bicyclo[3,2,1]octene-2 Method of producing bicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2, having formula |
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Present invention relates to a core-shell structure, a method of making said structure and a catalyst for cleaning exhaust gases having a core-shell structure. Described is a core-shell structure for use as a catalyst support, characterised by availability of a central section primarily formed from a first metal oxide, and a shell section primarily formed from a second metal oxide different from the first metal oxide, where molar ratio of cerium to zirconium is in the range 0.2<Ce/Zr<2.0, and thickness of the shell section is greater than 20 nm. Described is a method of making a core-shell structure, comprising steps on which (a) an organic solvent containing a surfactant is mixed with an aqueous solution containing a precursor of the first metal oxide, to form inverted micelle containing an aqueous solution which contains the precursor of the first metal oxide, (b) the main aqueous solution is added to the inside of the inverted micelle to form the hydroxide of the precursor of the first metal oxide, (c) treating the obtained hydroxide with an aqueous solution containing a compound with at least two carboxyl groups in order to bond said hydroxide with at least one carboxyl group, (d) adding the aqueous solution containing a precursor of the second metal oxide different from the precursor of the first metal oxide to the treated hydroxide in order to bond the precursor of the second metal oxide with at least one of the remaining carboxyl groups of said compound with at least two carboxyl groups, (e) the main aqueous solution is added to the reverse micelle at step (d) to form a precipitate, and (f) said precipitate is dried and annealed, wherein molar ratio of metal elements M1 and M2 (M2/M1), which form the precursor of the first metal oxide and the precursor of the second metal oxide, is greater than 0.2 and less than 2.0; the first metal oxide is selected from a group comprising zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide and combinations thereof, and the second metal oxide is selected from a group comprising rare-earth oxides or combinations of two or more rare-earth oxides. Described also is a catalyst for cleaning exhaust gases having the core-shell structure described above or a core-shell structure, made using said method, as a catalyst support. |
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Composite material for automotive catalyst and method of its production Invention may be used in exhaust gas cleaning systems. Produced are composites including aluminium oxide (Al2O3), zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and, not obligatorily, at least one element from the following series: cerium oxide (CeO2), lanthanum oxide (La2O3), neodymium oxide (Nd2O3), praseodymium oxide (Pr6O11), samarium oxide (Sm2O3), nitrium oxide (Y2O3) and oxides of the other rare-earth metals. Metal salt water solution is prepared containing water soluble salts of metals of above mentioned oxides. Precipitated hydroxyl slime is produced by mixing water solution of metal salts with alkaline solution in reaction vessel. To precipitate all metals, mixing is performed at pH exceeding 8.5. pH variation in precipitation reaction makes ±1. |
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Invention relates to a catalyst composition or support for a catalyst for treating exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine based on nanometric cerium oxide on a support, a method of preparing said composition and use thereof as a catalyst or support. Described is a composition which contains a cerium-based oxide deposited on a support based on silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, titanium oxide or zirconium dioxide. The composition contains particles of the said oxide deposited on the said support in form of separate particles or in form of aggregates, having dimensions greater than 500 nm, and after 6 hours of calcination at temperature lower than 800°C, the composition has reducing power, measured at temperature 30°C-900°C, equal to at least 80%. The invention describes a method of preparing the composition, where a colloidal dispersion of the deposited oxide is brought into contact with the support, spray drying the obtained suspension and calcination of the obtained dry product. Described is a catalyst system for treating exhaust gases of internal combustion engines containing the composition described above, and a method of treating exhaust gases using said system. |
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Method of producing acetylene from methane Invention relates to a method of producing acetylene through oxidative pyrolysis of methane in the presence of oxygen and a catalyst, characterised by that the catalyst is heated to 700-1200°C by passing electrical current through it. The catalyst used is a fechral alloy which is thermally treated on air at temperature 900-1100°C. The ratio of methane to oxygen is varied in the range of 5:1-15:1. |
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Invention can be used for exhaust gas after burning in ICE. Aqueous mix containing zirconium and cesium and one of lanthanides, ether than cerium, and yttrium is obtained. Obtained mix is heated to 100 °C to produce precipitate in the form of suspension in reaction medium which is brought up to the level of alkaline pH. First, added is additive selected from anion surfactants, nonionic surfactants, polyethylene glycols, carbonic acids and their salts, and surfactants of the type of carboxymethylated oxethylates of fat alcohols is added to produced medium and, then precipitate is separated. In compliance with another version, first, precipitate is liberated from reaction medium and, thereafter, aforesaid additive is added to precipitate. Precipitate is calcinated in atmosphere of inert gas or in vacuum at 900 °C and, then in oxidising atmosphere at 600 °C. Produced composition contains cerium oxide in amount of not over 50 wt %. Reduction degree after calcination in atmosphere of air at 600 °C makes at least 95 %, while specific surface after calcination at 1100 °C for 4 h makes at least 15 m2/g. |
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Method of preparing bead cracking catalyst Present invention relates to oil refining, particularly to a method of preparing a bead platinum and zeolite-containing catalyst for cracking oil fractions. Described is a method of preparing the catalyst, involving mixing an aqueous suspension of zeolite Y with a suspension of alumina, sodium silicate solution with modulus-molar ratio SiO2/Na2O equal to 2.2-3.0, aluminium sulphate solution and chloroplatinic acid solution; moulding catalyst granules in a column with mineral oil; successive activation, first with a mixture of sodium sulphate and aluminium sulphate solutions with concentration of the latter equal to 0.1-4 g/dm3, then with aluminium sulphate solution with concentration of 4-10 g/dm3, and then with a solution of a mixture of nitrates of rare-earth elements; washing; drying and calcination of the granules in an atmosphere of flue gases and water vapour. |
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Method to activate light gasoline fraction isomerisation catalyst Invention relates to activation of catalysts. Proposed invention covers activation of catalyst of isomerisation of light gasoline fractions that contains platinum and/or palladium on oxide carrier with elements of the 3rd, 4th and 6th groups of periodic system by drying in dry airflow at increased temperatures, blowing by inert gas and reducing by hydrogen at increased temperature and pressure. Proposed method differs from known procedures in that hydrogen treatment is performed with water addition in amount of 5 -20 m/n-1. |
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Invention relates to composition based on oxides of zirconium, cerium, lanthanum and yttrium, gadolinium or samarium with high specific surface and reducing ability, method of its production and application as catalyst for exhaust gas cleaning. Proposed composition consists mainly of oxides of zirconium, cerium, lanthanum and one rare earth metal selected from yttrium, gadolinium or samarium with content of cerium oxide of 20 to 50 wt %, content of lanthanum oxide and oxide the other rare earth metal of 15 to 35 wt %. In case lanthanum oxide content is less than 2 wt %, the composition features specific surfaces of at least 45 m2/g, at least 15 m2/g and at least 7 m2/g, after roasting for 4 h at 1000°C, 10 h at 1150°C and 10 h at 1200°C. Invention covers also the composition consisting of above described oxides and their specific surfaces after roasting at 1000°C and 1150°C. Note here that said composition after roasting at 1150°C exists as pure solid solution and features specific surface after roasting for 10 h at 1200°C of at least 5 m2/g. Invention covers also methods of producing the compositions, catalytic system of exhaust gas purification, method of exhaust gas purification using catalyst of above described composition or catalytic system. |
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Catalyst for catalytic cracking of fluidised bed Invention relates to refinery processes. Proposed catalyst comprises at least one carrier and composition with the following formula (on the bases of atomic ratio): AaBbPcOx, where A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of rare earth metals; B is at least one element selected from the group consisting of the elements from the elements of VIII, IB, IIB, VIIB and VIB groups, or the mix of at least one element selected from the group consisting of the elements of VIII, IB, IIB, VIIB and VIB groups, and at least one element selected from the group consisting of the elements of IA and IIA groups. Parametre a varies from 0.01 to 0.5. Parametre b varies from 0.01 to 0.5. Parametre c varies from 0.01 to 0.5. X is total number of oxygen atoms that satisfies the requirements of valency of every element of catalyst. Note here that aforesaid carrier represents composite molecular sieve or mix of composite molecular sieves with at least one composite molecular sieve selected from the group consisting of SiO2 and AI2O3. Note also that said composite molecular sieves represent at least two sieves selected from the group consisting of ZSM-5, Y-zeolite, β-zeolite, MCM-22, SAPO-34 and mordenite. Besides catalyst molecular sieves make 0-60% of catalyst weight. Invention covers also the used of abode described catalyst in catalytic cracking of crude oil, light diesel fuel, light gasoline, catalytic cracking gasoline, gas oil, oil condensate, olefine C4 or C5. |
Another patent 2513418.